CN102154640A - Method for enhancing bonding strength of aluminum coating - Google Patents
Method for enhancing bonding strength of aluminum coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN102154640A CN102154640A CN 201110063715 CN201110063715A CN102154640A CN 102154640 A CN102154640 A CN 102154640A CN 201110063715 CN201110063715 CN 201110063715 CN 201110063715 A CN201110063715 A CN 201110063715A CN 102154640 A CN102154640 A CN 102154640A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for enhancing bonding strength of an aluminum coating, which belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment; the method comprises the following steps of: aluminium powder and Mg17Al12 spherical powder are mechanically mixed, and the mixed powder is sprayed on the surface of a substrate. In the method, a cold-spraying method is used for depositing the mixed powder of intermetallic compound powder and aluminium powder, and does not worsen other mechanical performances and chemical performances of the aluminum layer while increasing the bonding strength of the aluminium layer.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of field of metal surface treatment technology, specifically is a kind of raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength.
Background technology
Aluminium and aluminum alloy materials have excellent mechanical property and corrosion resistance nature, therefore are widely used for communications and transportation, aerospace, 3 ℃ and military field etc.Except as the structured material, an important application of aluminium and aluminum alloy materials be as coating with the protection body material, expand the Application Areas of body material and improve the service life of body material.At present, the main preparation methods of aluminum coating has thermospray (plasma spraying and flame plating etc.), laser melting coating, vapour deposition and plating etc.Yet aluminium is one of more active metal of chemical property, and traditional deposition method makes aluminum coating that defectives such as grain growth, phase transformation take place in preparation process inevitably; Perhaps sedimentation velocity is too slow, the too high and contaminate environment of deposition process power consumption etc.
Cold spraying is to be based upon a kind of new coating technology of preparing of rationally utilizing on the aerodynamic principle basis, it is mainly by high pressure gas powder quick particle, particle high speed clashes into matrix and is deposited as coating by producing violent viscous deformation at matrix surface, wherein the preheating temperature of working gas is generally less than 600 ℃, pressure is 1-3.5MPa, the typical sizes of spraying particle is 5-50 μ m, and velocity of particle is 300-1200m/s.Adopt cold spray-coating method can prepare fine aluminium, aluminium alloy, aluminum composite and aluminium nano-material coating.Yet though the fine aluminium coating has corrosion resistance nature preferably, its bonding strength, surface hardness are all lower, have limited its further application; And in the starting material aluminium powder, add hard phase particles, as aluminum oxide, though ceramic particles such as silicon carbide can improve coating hardness and bonding strength, its corrosion resistance nature is along with the increase of ceramic particle content in the coating reduces gradually.Simultaneously, the ceramic phase particles of too high levels also can be destroyed coating and basal body interface in the coating, reduces coating and matrix at the interface bonding strength.
Find through retrieval prior art, Chinese patent literature CN101058881A has put down in writing a kind of " preparation method of intermetallic compound coating ", this invention adopts the mechanical alloying method to prepare raw material powder, the method of using cold spraying subsequently coating such as depositing Al/Ni and Al/Ti and 300-1200 ℃ of following thermal treatment on matrix, alloying element in the coating at high temperature spreads, and forms intermetallic compound coating.It should be noted that needs to use high-temperature heat treatment in the prior art, though can improve Bond Strength of Coating to a certain extent, High temperature diffusion is handled can produce heat affecting to matrix metal inevitably.In addition, magnalium intermediate compound coating can not adopt this technology preparation, because the character of magnesium powder is very active, is not suitable as the cold spraying starting material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength is provided, the mixed powder of compound powder and aluminium powder form between use cold spray-coating method metal refining, when improving the aluminum coating bonding strength, can not worsen other mechanical property and the chemical property of aluminum coating.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the present invention passes through aluminium powder and Mg
17Al
12The spherical powder mechanically mixing, and with mixed powder cold spraying in matrix surface.
Described aluminium powder is massfraction greater than 99% and gets the aluminium powder particle of particle dia less than 45 μ m through screening;
Described Mg
17Al
12The average particle diameter of spherical powder is 58 μ m.
The ratio of described mechanically mixing is that atomic ratio is 25: 75~75: 25.
Described matrix surface cleans and drying through acetone.
Described matrix is the Al6061 aluminium alloy of T6 attitude or the AZ91D magnesium alloy of as cast condition.
Described cold spraying is meant: adopt helium as working gas and particle carrier gas, the pressure and temperature of working gas in the spray gun ingress is respectively 0.98MPa and 300 ℃, and the pressure of carrier gas is 1.04MPa, and temperature is a room temperature; Powder feeding rate is controlled at about 15g/min, and the distance that exports to matrix surface of spray gun is 10-15mm and matrix with respect to the translational speed of spray gun is 1-3mm/s.
The present invention relates to the coating that aforesaid method obtains, single pass deposits its thickness can reach 2369 ± 46 μ m, and porosity is lower than 0.2%, Mg
17Al
12Content in coating is 4.6 ± 2.8%, and coating hardness is 56.8 ± 4.2 (Hv100g), and the bonding strength of coating is 27.9 ± 3.6MPa (according to the EN15340 standard).
Compare with existing technology, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) main component of intermetallic compound is aluminium and magnesium, and magnesium is a kind of important alloying element in the aluminium alloy; The fusing point of this compound is lower than 660 ℃ simultaneously, so this intermetallic compound joins in the starting material aluminium powder form as a kind of hard phase particles, can not influence the easy recyclability of aluminium.
(2) this intermetallic compound is spherical, and hardness is higher, and is not yielding, and most of spheroidal particle rebounds from coatingsurface in deposition process, so its content in aluminum coating is very low, can not influence coating and matrix combining at the interface.When this method improves the aluminum coating bonding strength, to the chemical property of aluminum coating, especially almost not influence of corrosion resistance nature.
(3) aluminum coating that obtains is fine and close more, because the compacting effect of hard phase particles does not almost have hole between the aluminum particulate, the coating that obtains is the density height not only, and the sedimentation effect of aluminum particulate also makes moderate progress, and the coat-thickness that single pass obtains also increases.
(4) if the content of intermetallic compound powder in raw material powder is higher than a particular value, matrix surface does not just need before spraying through sandblasting.
(5) intermetallic compound powder and aluminium powder form only need simple and mechanical mixing before the spraying, need not carry out special processings such as ball milling under shielding gas, have simplified operation sequence, have saved the cost of preparation coating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 raw material powder particle morphology;
Wherein: (a) be aluminum particulate powder morphology figure, (b) Mg
17Al
12The particle powder shape appearance figure.
Fig. 2 cold spraying 50%Al+50%Mg
17Al
12Mixed powder coat cross section shape appearance figure.
Fig. 3 cold spraying 25%Al+75%Mg
17Al
12Mixed powder coat cross section shape appearance figure.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The aluminium powder form of selecting is the rafifinal powder, and purity (massfraction) is greater than 99%, and irregular profile is got the particle of particle dia less than 45 μ m through screening; The magnalium intermetallic compound powder of selecting is Mg
17Al
12Spherical powder, average particle diameter are 58 μ m.The original pattern of two kinds of powder as shown in Figure 1.The matrix that adopts is a T6 attitude Al6061 aluminium alloy.With rafifinal powder and Mg
17Al
12Spherical powder mechanically mixing 10-30 minute then, obtains mixed powder after being mixing in 75: 25 according to atomic ratio.The aluminum substrate surface is cleaned with acetone, and dry, adopt above-mentioned mixed powder to carry out cold spraying afterwards.Working gas and particle carrier gas are helium in the cold spraying, and the pressure and temperature of working gas in the spray gun ingress is respectively 0.98MPa and 300 ℃, and the pressure of carrier gas is 1.04MPa, and temperature is a room temperature.Powder feeding rate is controlled at about 15g/min, and the distance that spray gun exports to matrix surface is 15mm, and matrix is 3mm/s with respect to the translational speed of spray gun, the single pass deposition.The coat-thickness that obtains is 612 ± 37 μ m, and porosity is lower than 0.3%, Mg
17Al
12Content in coating is 3.2 ± 1.1%, and coating hardness is 53.4 ± 3.6 (Hv100g), and the bonding strength of coating is 18.1 ± 2.7MPa (according to the EN15340 standard).
Embodiment 2
Select the aluminium powder form identical, magnalium intermetallic compound powder and matrix with embodiment 1.With rafifinal powder and Mg
17Al
12Spherical powder mechanically mixing 10-30 minute then, obtains mixed powder after being mixing in 50: 50 according to atomic ratio.The aluminum substrate surface is cleaned and drying with acetone.Adopt above-mentioned mixed powder to carry out cold spraying afterwards.Working gas and particle carrier gas are helium in the cold spraying, and the pressure and temperature of working gas in the spray gun ingress is respectively 0.98MPa and 300 ℃, and the pressure of carrier gas is 1.04MPa, and temperature is a room temperature.Powder feeding rate is controlled at about 15g/min, and the distance that spray gun exports to matrix surface is 10mm, and matrix is 1mm/s with respect to the translational speed of spray gun, the single pass deposition.The coating that obtains as shown in Figure 2, its thickness is 2369 ± 46 μ m, porosity is lower than 0.2%, Mg
17Al
12Content in coating is 4.6 ± 2.8%, and coating hardness is 56.8 ± 4.2 (Hv100g), and the bonding strength of coating is 27.9 ± 3.6MPa.
Embodiment 3
Select aluminium powder form and the magnalium intermetallic compound powder identical with embodiment 1.The matrix that adopts is the AZ91D magnesium alloy of as cast condition.With rafifinal powder and Mg
17Al
12Spherical powder mechanically mixing 10-30 minute then, obtains mixed powder after being mixing in 25: 75 according to atomic ratio.The magnesium matrix surface is cleaned and drying with acetone.Adopt above-mentioned mixed powder to carry out cold spraying afterwards.Working gas and particle carrier gas are helium in the cold spraying, and the pressure and temperature of working gas is 0.98MPa and 300 ℃, and the pressure of carrier gas is 1.04MPa, and temperature is a room temperature.Powder feeding rate is about 15g/min, and the distance that spray gun exports to matrix surface is 10mm, and matrix is 2mm/s with respect to the translational speed of spray gun, two pass time deposition.The coating that obtains as shown in Figure 3.Its thickness is 1873 ± 42 μ m, and porosity is lower than 0.35%, Mg
17Al
12Content in coating is 7.8 ± 2.3%, and coating hardness is 58.8 ± 2.9, and the bonding strength of coating is 19.7 ± 1.6MPa.
The hardness of cold spraying fine aluminium coating is 46.2 ± 1.9, and bonding strength is 8.7 ± 0.5MPa.Can find Mg
17Al
12Though the content of particle in coating is very low, still improved the hardness of coating, significantly improved the bonding strength of coating simultaneously.Should be pointed out that and in cold spray process, to adopt higher air pressure and temperature if further improve the hardness of coating, perhaps use the Mg of irregular pattern
17Al
12Particle replaces the Mg of spherical morphology
17Al
12Particle is used for improving the content of hard phase particles in coating.Yet after the content of hard phase particles surpassed a specific threshold value, coating and matrix may descend in bonding strength at the interface.
Claims (8)
1. the raising method of an aluminum coating bonding strength is characterized in that, by with compound Mg between aluminium powder and spherical metal
17Al
12The powder mechanically mixing, and with mixed powder cold spraying in matrix surface.
2. the raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described aluminium powder is a rafifinal, and massfraction is greater than 99% and get the aluminum particulate of particle dia less than 45 μ m through screening.
3. the raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Mg
17Al
12The average particle diameter of spherical powder is 58 μ m.
4. the raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the ratio of described mechanically mixing is that atomic ratio is 25: 75~75: 25.
5. the raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described matrix surface cleans and drying through acetone.
6. the raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength according to claim 1 or 5 is characterized in that described matrix is the Al6061 aluminium alloy of T6 attitude or the AZ91D magnesium alloy of as cast condition.
7. the raising method of aluminum coating bonding strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cold spraying is meant: adopt helium as working gas and particle carrier gas, the pressure and temperature of working gas in the spray gun ingress is respectively 0.98MPa and 300 ℃, the pressure of carrier gas is 1.04MPa, and temperature is a room temperature; Powder feeding rate is controlled at about 15g/min, and the distance that exports to matrix surface of spray gun is 10-15mm and matrix with respect to the translational speed of spray gun is 1-3mm/s.
8. a coating for preparing according to the described method of above-mentioned arbitrary claim is characterized in that the thickness of coating can reach 2369 ± 46 μ m, and porosity is lower than 0.2%, Mg
17Al
12Content in coating is 4.6 ± 2.8%, and the hardness of coating is 56.8 ± 4.2, and the bonding strength of coating is 27.9 ± 3.6MPa.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102400001A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-04-04 | 九江学院 | Method for preparing granule reinforced aluminum-based composite material of in-situ intermetallic compound |
CN106835113A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-13 | 深圳智达机械技术有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy for having electromagnetic shielding and antiseptic effect concurrently |
CN106864179A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-20 | 上海源紊新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of automobile active safety device with electromagnetic shielding effect |
CN107338433A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of Mg alloy surface amorphous alloy coating |
CN111519180A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-11 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Metal ceramic composite coating for airplane wing and preparation method thereof |
CN113265652A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-08-17 | 兆山科技(北京)有限公司 | Method for preparing high-entropy borosilicate ceramic surface material by utilizing cold spraying |
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CN105525286B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-06-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of cold spraying aluminium base self-lubricating abrasion-resistant erosion resisting coating and preparation method thereof |
CN105543835B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-05-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of cold spraying aluminium base anti-corrosion coating and preparation method thereof |
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CN1651605A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2005-08-10 | 沈阳工业大学 | Spray coating technology of magnesium alloy surface protective layer |
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CN101831652A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing Al-Al2O3 composite coating on surface of magnesium alloy |
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CN1651605A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2005-08-10 | 沈阳工业大学 | Spray coating technology of magnesium alloy surface protective layer |
US20080220234A1 (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2008-09-11 | Snt Co., Ltd | Method of Preparing Wear-Resistant Coating Layer Comprising Metal Matrix Composite and Coating Layer Prepared Thereby |
JP2010509502A (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2010-03-25 | ハー.ツェー.スタルク ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Substrate coating method and coated product |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102400001A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-04-04 | 九江学院 | Method for preparing granule reinforced aluminum-based composite material of in-situ intermetallic compound |
CN106835113A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-13 | 深圳智达机械技术有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy for having electromagnetic shielding and antiseptic effect concurrently |
CN106864179A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-20 | 上海源紊新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of automobile active safety device with electromagnetic shielding effect |
CN107338433A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of Mg alloy surface amorphous alloy coating |
CN111519180A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-11 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Metal ceramic composite coating for airplane wing and preparation method thereof |
CN113265652A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-08-17 | 兆山科技(北京)有限公司 | Method for preparing high-entropy borosilicate ceramic surface material by utilizing cold spraying |
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