CN102150735A - Method for comprehensively utilizing and processing gracilaria - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively utilizing and processing gracilaria Download PDFInfo
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- CN102150735A CN102150735A CN2011101290116A CN201110129011A CN102150735A CN 102150735 A CN102150735 A CN 102150735A CN 2011101290116 A CN2011101290116 A CN 2011101290116A CN 201110129011 A CN201110129011 A CN 201110129011A CN 102150735 A CN102150735 A CN 102150735A
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Abstract
A method for comprehensively utilizing and processing asparagus relates to comprehensive utilization of gracilaria. The invention provides a method for comprehensively utilizing and processing gracilaria, through which phycoerythrin polypeptide, agaragar and seaweed insoluble dietary fiber can be obtained simultaneously. The method comprises the following steps: water is added into gracilaria, then protease is added for hydrolization, filtering is performed, the temperature of the filtrate is increased to deactivate enzyme, and phycoerythrin polypeptide and residue are obtained through concentration and spray drying; the obtained residue is treated with aqueous alkali to remove sulfate radical contained in agaragar in the residue, the residue is bleached and water-washed to be neutral, then water is added to boil agaragar, the frond and the agaragar liquid are roughly filtered, and after the rough filtrate is filter-pressed, solidified, chipped, dehydrated through squeezing, dried and crushed, powdery agaragar and frond residue are obtained; after the frond residue is dehydrated through squeezing and dried, seaweed insoluble dietary fiber can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts comprehensive utilization of (also claiming asparagus), especially relate to a kind of new method of comprehensive utilization that fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is extracted phycoerythrin polypeptide, agar-agar and marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber simultaneously.
Background technology
At present, fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts except part as the abalone feed, most of as the raw material that extracts agar-agar.And at present the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts technology major part of extracting agar-agar be with in the alkali high temperature method remove sulfate radical, bleach, be washed to the direct hot water in neutral back then and carry glue.This traditional gluing method of carrying has only extracted the agar-agar in the algae, and phycoerythrin in the algae and cellulose all enter in the sea or transport to the soot burning as sewage and rubbish, has wasted resource and has polluted environment.Therefore, the development and utilization that how to make the composition of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts obtain making the best use of everything is the problem that the industry is extremely paid close attention to.
The utilization research document of more existing relevant fragrant plants mentioned in ancient texts mainly contains:
[1] Yao Fanfan, Liu Shengli, Yang Lei, Ke Guangxin, Lin Zhihua, Zheng Yuanping. fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts produces the preparation and the bleaching orthogonal test research [J] of agar-agar residue dietary fiber. Guangdong chemical industry, 2010,37 (6): 32-33.
[2] Liu Shengli, Yang Lei, Li Sidong, Song Kangli, wheat bright cloud, Wu Di, Liu Runming. residue prepares research [J] Liaoning chemical industry of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2010, (12) behind the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts extraction agar-agar.
[3] Xue Zhixin, Yang Guipeng, Wang Guangce. the Study on Extraction Method of asparagus agar-agar [J] Marine Sciences, 2006,30 (8): 71-77.
[4] Wu Zhanxia, Dong Jingjing, Li Sidong opens beautiful jade. and domestic fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is extracted progress [J] the Guangxi light industry of agar-agar processing technology, 2010, (9): 19-20.
[5] Xue Zhixin, Yang Guipeng, Wang Guangce. the extraction of asparagus agar polysaccharide, purifying and performance characterization [J]. Food Science, 2007,28 (8): 174-177.
[6] Zhu Qiaoling, Yang Wenge, Sun Cuiling, Lou Qiaoming. Enzymatic Extraction asparagus polysaccharide process Study on Conditions [J]. food industry science and technology, 2007,28 (6): 150-152.
[7] yellow graceful, Ye Liyi, husky brave, tell pine, Xiao Zongyuan, Li Xiaomin, Li Yongzhong, Li Jinbin. asparagus is extracted agar-agar alkali pretreatment condition optimizing [J]. Chemical Engineering and equipment, 2010, (10): 12-15.
[8] FanBing Ji. the improvement of method manufacturing gracilaria verrucosa agar gel [P]. Chinese patent: CN1057466,1992.
[9] Li Laihao, Chen Peiji, Li Liudong, Yang Xianqing, Wu Yanyan, Diao Shiqiang. improve the processing technology [P] of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts dietary fiber functional characteristic. Chinese patent: CN1557210,2004.
[10] A Lepukumaerxida grace tower etc. a kind of method [P] that is used for preparing agarose to one's profit from the Gracilaria algae. Chinese patent: CN1993474,2007.
[11] Wang Guangce opens the high mountain, Niu Jianfeng. a kind ofly contain the method [P] of extracting phycoerythrin and agar-agar the glue marine alga simultaneously from asparagus etc. and Chinese patent: CN101138414,2008.
[12] Xiao Meitian, Ye Jing, yellow small favour. a kind of production technology [P] of from fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, extracting the preparation high-activity compound dietary fibers. Chinese patent: CN101828696A, 2010.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to carry gluing method and only extract agar-agar in the algae at existing fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, and phycoerythrin in the algae and cellulose all enter in the sea or transport to the soot burning as sewage and rubbish, problems such as waste resource and contaminated environment provide a kind of comprehensive utilization processing method that can obtain the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts of phycoerythrin polypeptide, agar-agar and marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber simultaneously.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) in fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, add entry, add protease hydrolytic again after, filter, filtrate intensification is made enzyme deactivation, after concentrated, spray-drying, promptly get phycoerythrin polypeptide and residue again;
In step 1), the mass ratio of described fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts and water can be 1: (10～20), and the pH value is adjustable to 7～9; Described protease can be selected from least a in trypsase, papain, subtilopeptidase A, flavor protease, the bromelain etc.; The addition of described protease can be 2%～5% of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross mass; The temperature of described hydrolysis can be 35～45 ℃, and the time of hydrolysis can be 6～10h.
2) residue that step 1) is obtained is handled with aqueous slkali, remove the contained sulfate radical of agar-agar in the residue, bleaching, be washed to and add entry after the neutrality and endure glue, frond and glue are carried out coarse filtration, after the filter of coarse filtration hydraulic pressure, by press dewatering, drying, pulverizing promptly get powdery agar-agar and frond residue again after solidifying chopping;
In step 2) in, described alkali can adopt NaOH etc., and the addition of described alkali can be 3～5 times of residue weight in wet base, and the mass percent concentration of described alkali can be 5%～8%; The temperature that described residue is handled with aqueous slkali can be 80～100 ℃, and the time of processing can be 2～4h; Described bleaching can adopt the bleaching agent that allows to use to bleach; Describedly add entry and endure the addition of the water in the glue and can be 5～10 times of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross mass, described temperature of enduring glue can be 80～100 ℃, and the time of enduring glue can be 2～6h; Described squeezing can be adopted plate compression.
3) with after frond residue press dewatering, the oven dry, promptly get the marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber.
In step 3), the temperature of described oven dry can be 30～60 ℃, and the time of oven dry can be 5～10h.
The present invention has overcome existing fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts and has carried gluing method and only extract agar-agar in the algae, and phycoerythrin in the algae and cellulose all enter in the sea or transport to the soot burning as sewage and rubbish, problems such as waste resource and contaminated environment, not only can obtain phycoerythrin polypeptide, agar-agar and marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber simultaneously, realize the comprehensive utilization processing of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, and reached the purpose of reduction of discharging.In addition, the sanitary index of the phycoerythrin polypeptide of the present invention's production and marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber product all meets the sanitary standard of GB19643-2005 algae goods; The agar-agar product meets GB 1975-1980 food additives agar-agar standard.
Traditional gluing method of carrying has only extracted the agar-agar in the algae, and phycoerythrin in the algae and cellulose all enter in the sea or transport to the soot burning as sewage and rubbish, has wasted resource and has polluted environment; The advantage that the present invention gives prominence to is to obtain phycoerythrin polypeptide, agar-agar and marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber simultaneously, and the river that has reached zero-emission substantially is from the comprehensive utilization new method for processing.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) (solid-liquid ratio 1: 10) the pH value with fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is adjusted to 7, the papain that adds fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts quality 3% behind temperature adjustment degree to the 40 ℃ hydrolysis 8h, filters, filtrate heated up to be caused 80 ℃ of heating 20min and makes enzyme deactivation, promptly gets the phycoerythrin polypeptide again after concentrated, spray-drying; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 10.8%, protein 87.2%, fat 1.3%, sanitary index meets GB 19643-2005 " algae goods sanitary standard ".
2) residue that step 1) is obtained adds the 6%NaOH solution of 3 times of residue weight in wet bases, temperature adjustment degree to 90 ℃ processing 3h, then with the bleaching agent bleaching that allows to use, the bleaching back adds the water of 8 times of former fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross masses, be warming up to 95 ℃ and endure glue 4h, use the plate and frame filter press press filtration then, filtrate is used the hydraulic press press dewatering after solidifying chopping, through 50 ℃ of oven dry 6h, pulverize with pulverizer at last and obtain the powdery agar-agar again; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 19.5%, ignition residue 3.4%, gel strength 1050g/cm
2, water-insoluble 0.6%, product quality indicator meets GB 1975-1980 food additives agar-agar standard.
3) residue behind the plate compression is promptly got the marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber behind 70 ℃ of oven dry 5h.Its product physical and chemical index insoluble diedairy fiber content is 92.6%, and protein content is 1.70%, and fat content is 1.45%, and retention ability and expansive force are respectively 5.6g/g and 7.5mL/g, and sanitary index meets the sanitary standard of GB19643-2005 algae goods.
Above-mentioned solid-liquid ratio is meant the mass ratio of dried fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts and water, and following examples are identical.
Embodiment 2
1) (solid-liquid ratio 1: 12) the pH value with fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is adjusted to 9, the trypsase that adds fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts quality 4% behind temperature adjustment degree to the 38 ℃ hydrolysis 7h, filters, filtrate heated up to be caused 80 ℃ of heating 20min and makes enzyme deactivation, promptly gets the phycoerythrin polypeptide again after concentrated, spray-drying; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 9.8%, protein 88.0%, fat 11%, sanitary index meets GB 19643-2005 " algae goods sanitary standard ".
2) residue that step 1) is obtained adds the 7%NaOH solution of 4 times of residue weight in wet bases, temperature adjustment degree to 95 ℃ processing 2.5h, then with the bleaching agent bleaching that allows to use, the bleaching back adds the water of 10 times of former fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross masses, be warming up to 90 ℃ and endure glue 5h, use the plate and frame filter press press filtration then, filtrate is used the hydraulic press press dewatering after solidifying chopping, through 50 ℃ of oven dry 6h, pulverize with pulverizer at last and obtain the powdery agar-agar again; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 20.5%, ignition residue 3.6%, gel strength 1100g/cm
2, water-insoluble 0.5%, product quality indicator meets GB 1975-1980 food additives agar-agar standard.
3) residue behind the plate compression is promptly got the marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber behind 70 ℃ of oven dry 5h.Its product physical and chemical index insoluble diedairy fiber content is 91.5%, and protein content is 1.65%, and fat content is 1.32%, and retention ability and expansive force are respectively 5.9g/g and 7.3mL/g, and sanitary index meets the sanitary standard of GB19643-2005 algae goods.
Embodiment 3
1) (solid-liquid ratio 1: 14) the pH value with fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is adjusted to 8, the subtilopeptidase A that adds fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts quality 4.5% behind temperature adjustment degree to the 42 ℃ hydrolysis 9h, filters, filtrate heated up to be caused 80 ℃ of heating 20min and makes enzyme deactivation, promptly gets the phycoerythrin polypeptide again after concentrated, spray-drying; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 9.0%, protein 89.0%, fat 11%, sanitary index meets GB 19643-2005 " algae goods sanitary standard ".
2) residue that step 1) is obtained adds the 8%NaOH solution of 4.5 times of residue weight in wet bases, temperature adjustment degree to 90 ℃ processing 3.0h, then with the bleaching agent bleaching that allows to use, the bleaching back adds the water of 12 times of former fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross masses, be warming up to 95 ℃ and endure glue 4.5h, use the plate and frame filter press press filtration then, filtrate is used the hydraulic press press dewatering after solidifying chopping, through 50 ℃ of oven dry 6h, pulverize with pulverizer at last and obtain the powdery agar-agar again; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 19.0%, ignition residue 3.1%, gel strength 1150g/cm
2, water-insoluble 0.45%, product quality indicator meets GB 1975-1980 food additives agar-agar standard.
3) residue behind the plate compression is promptly got the marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber behind 70 ℃ of oven dry 5h.Its product physical and chemical index insoluble diedairy fiber content is 92.0%, and protein content is 1.58%, and fat content is 1.35%, and retention ability and expansive force are respectively 6.1g/g and 7.1mL/g, and sanitary index meets the sanitary standard of GB19643-2005 algae goods.
Embodiment 4
1) (solid-liquid ratio 1: 13) the pH value with fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is adjusted to 8.5, add the trypsase of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts quality 2% and 2% flavor protease, behind temperature adjustment degree to the 40 ℃ hydrolysis 8h, filter, filtrate heated up to be caused 80 ℃ of heating 20min and makes enzyme deactivation, promptly gets the phycoerythrin polypeptide again after concentrated, spray-drying; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 9.5%, protein 87.8%, fat 11%, sanitary index meets GB 19643-2005 " algae goods sanitary standard ".
2) residue that step 1) is obtained adds the 7%NaOH solution of 4 times of residue weight in wet bases, temperature adjustment degree to 95 ℃ processing 2.5h, then with the bleaching agent bleaching that allows to use, the bleaching back adds the water of 14 times of former fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross masses, be warming up to 90 ℃ and endure glue 5h, use the plate and frame filter press press filtration then, filtrate is used the hydraulic press press dewatering after solidifying chopping, through 50 ℃ of oven dry 6h, pulverize with pulverizer at last and obtain the powdery agar-agar again; Its product physical and chemical index moisture 19.8%, ignition residue 3.4%, gel strength 1080g/cm
2, water-insoluble 0.55%, product quality indicator meets GB 1975-1980 food additives agar-agar standard.
3) residue behind the plate compression is promptly got the marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber behind 70 ℃ of oven dry 5h.Its product physical and chemical index insoluble diedairy fiber content is 91.4%, and protein content is 1.68%, and fat content is 1.45%, and retention ability and expansive force are respectively 5.9g/g and 7.0mL/g, and sanitary index meets the sanitary standard of GB19643-2005 algae goods.
The dietary fiber testing result that the foregoing description extracts is referring to table 1.
Table 1
Annotate: this product sanitary standard is with reference to GB 19643-2005 " algae goods sanitary standard "
The phycoerythrin polypeptide testing result that the foregoing description extracts is referring to table 2.
Table 2
The agar-agar testing result that the foregoing description extracts is referring to table 3.
Table 3
| Index name | GB 1975-1980 food additives agar-agar standard | Testing result |
| Loss on drying (%)≤ | 22 | 19.5 |
| Ignition residue (%)≤ | 5 | 3.4 |
| Water absorbing force | Meet the requirements | Meet the requirements |
| Water-insoluble (%)≤ | 1 | 0.6 |
| Arsenic (As) (%)≤ | 0.0001 | 0.00006 |
| Heavy metal (in Pb) (%)≤ | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Starch | Conform with the regulations | Conform with the regulations |
| Gel strength (g/cm 2) | 1050 |
Claims (10)
1. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) in fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, add entry, add protease hydrolytic again after, filter, filtrate intensification is made enzyme deactivation, after concentrated, spray-drying, promptly get phycoerythrin polypeptide and residue again;
2) residue that step 1) is obtained is handled with aqueous slkali, remove the contained sulfate radical of agar-agar in the residue, bleaching, be washed to and add entry after the neutrality and endure glue, frond and glue are carried out coarse filtration, after the filter of coarse filtration hydraulic pressure, by press dewatering, drying, pulverizing promptly get powdery agar-agar and frond residue again after solidifying chopping;
3) with after frond residue press dewatering, the oven dry, promptly get the marine alga insoluble diedairy fiber.
2. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a kind of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), and the mass ratio of described fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts and water is 1: 10～20; The pH value is adjusted to 7～9.
3. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a kind of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), and described protease is selected from least a in trypsase, papain, subtilopeptidase A, flavor protease, the bromelain.
4. as the comprehensive utilization processing method of claim 1 or 3 described a kind of fragrant plants mentioned in ancient texts, it is characterized in that in step 1) that the addition of described protease is 2%～5% of a fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross mass.
5. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a kind of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), and the temperature of hydrolysis is 35～45 ℃, and the time of hydrolysis is 6～10h.
6. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a kind of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2) in, described alkali is NaOH.
7. as the comprehensive utilization processing method of claim 1 or 6 described a kind of fragrant plants mentioned in ancient texts, it is characterized in that in step 2) in, the addition of described alkali is 3～5 times of residue weight in wet base, the mass percent concentration of described alkali is 5%～8%.
8. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a kind of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2) in, the temperature that described residue is handled with aqueous slkali is 80～100 ℃, the time of processing is 2～4h.
9. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a kind of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 2) in, describedly add entry to endure the addition of the water in the glue be 5～10 times of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts gross mass, described temperature of enduring glue is 80～100 ℃, and the time of enduring glue is 2～6h; Plate compression is adopted in described squeezing.
10. the comprehensive utilization processing method of a kind of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 3), and the temperature of described oven dry is 30～60 ℃, and the time of oven dry is 5～10h.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103665195A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 青岛福创环境科技有限公司 | Method for extracting agar from gracilaria with enzymatic method |
| CN103694374A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-02 | 青岛福创环境科技有限公司 | Method for extracting agar, fucoidin and protein from gracilaria as raw material by using enzyme process |
| CN105029526A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-11 | 集美大学 | Method for crisping gracilaria |
| CN105326057A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-02-17 | 福建省金燕海洋生物科技股份有限公司 | Extraction process of alga gracilaria dietary fibers |
| CN106701310A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 华南理工大学 | Comprehensive utilization method of green algae biomass resources |
| CN107970262A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 顶宏生物科技股份有限公司 | Hydrolysate of Jiang Shi asparagus water extracts and preparation method thereof and purposes |
| CN113785931A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-14 | 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所 | Preparation method and application of edible acetylated thallus fiber |
| CN113862317A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-12-31 | 集美大学 | Method for treating agar industrial waste residue |
| CN114760849A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2022-07-15 | 特洛弗克有限责任公司 | Plant-based food |
| CN115818731A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | 集美大学 | Method for recovering and preparing heavy metal adsorption product from agar extraction residue |
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| CN103665195A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 青岛福创环境科技有限公司 | Method for extracting agar from gracilaria with enzymatic method |
| CN103694374A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-02 | 青岛福创环境科技有限公司 | Method for extracting agar, fucoidin and protein from gracilaria as raw material by using enzyme process |
| CN103665195B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-01-20 | 青岛福创环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method utilizing agar in Enzymatic Extraction fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts |
| CN103694374B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-03-16 | 青岛福创环境科技有限公司 | A kind of is that material, enzyme method extracts agar, fucoidin and method of protein with fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts |
| CN105029526A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-11 | 集美大学 | Method for crisping gracilaria |
| CN105326057A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-02-17 | 福建省金燕海洋生物科技股份有限公司 | Extraction process of alga gracilaria dietary fibers |
| CN107970262A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 顶宏生物科技股份有限公司 | Hydrolysate of Jiang Shi asparagus water extracts and preparation method thereof and purposes |
| CN106701310A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 华南理工大学 | Comprehensive utilization method of green algae biomass resources |
| CN114760849A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2022-07-15 | 特洛弗克有限责任公司 | Plant-based food |
| CN113862317A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-12-31 | 集美大学 | Method for treating agar industrial waste residue |
| CN113785931A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-14 | 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所 | Preparation method and application of edible acetylated thallus fiber |
| CN115818731A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | 集美大学 | Method for recovering and preparing heavy metal adsorption product from agar extraction residue |
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