CN102149138A - Method for balancing gateway load of wireless Mesh network - Google Patents
Method for balancing gateway load of wireless Mesh network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for balancing a gateway load of a wireless Mesh network. A network structure of a centralized-control type is used for implementing global load balancing calculation on an AC (access controller), and flow transfer is completed through the routing configuration of the access controller on a MAP (Mesh access point); therefore, the load balancing of the MPP (massively parallel processor) of a Mesh gateway is realized. The AC is used as a key node in the network, and acquires global topology and gateway load information through a way of information request; a current optimal flow transfer scheme for the global load balancing calculation is selected in a way of iteration; and each generated flow transfer scheme is delivered to the MAP implementing flow transfer through a routing configuration command of the AC; a multi-path source routing mechanism is adopted for the routing in the network; each MAP maintains a plurality of paths reaching different gateways, wherein one path is selected as a main path to implement data transmission, and another path reaching different gateways is selected by flow transfer to replace the original main path.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of wireless Mesh netword gateway load balancing method, has utilized correlation techniques such as centralized control type network configuration, load balancing and multipath route, relates to particularly wireless Mesh netword field of wireless network.
Background technology
At first the abbreviation of using among the present invention is defined:
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering): U.S. electric and Electronic Engineering Association;
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network): WLAN (wireless local area network);
IEEE 802.11s:WLAN Mesh draft agreement;
AP (Access Point) WAP (wireless access point) provides the access service of wireless network for wireless terminal;
STA (Station) portable terminal, the terminal use among the WLAN inserts WLAN, accesses network by AP;
WMN (Wireless Mesh Network): wireless Mesh netword;
MP (Mesh Point): Mesh node;
MAP (Mesh Access Point): Mesh access point;
MPP (Mesh Point Portal): Mesh gateway;
AC (Access Point): access controller;
Along with developing rapidly of Radio Transmission Technology, the application of wireless network is constantly popularized, and has become an extensive and urgent demand for the mobile subscriber provides ubiquitous WiMAX to insert.How to break through the restriction of WLAN on the covering scale, large-area wireless coverage is provided, wireless Mesh netword (WMN) arises at the historic moment.As a kind of novel WiMAX access technology, WMN has high bandwidth, high reliability, wide coverage, lower deployment cost is low and insert advantage such as facility, and very wide application prospect is arranged.
The normal structure of IEEE 802 has been set up Mesh task groups (Mesh Task Group), is responsible to define the standard criterion of wireless Mesh netword technology.This tissue is devoted to promote the standardization of wireless Mesh netword technology, though the 802.11s consensus standard of formulation also is in the draft stage, version updating has repeatedly made that draft standard is gradually improved.At present, up-to-date draft standard is 4.0 versions.802.11s mainly defined the functional framework between the Mesh node, be that one of the 802.11MAC layer is replenished, adopt netted Path selection of the second layer and forwarding mechanism.
WMN is a kind of multi-hop wireless network with self-organizing, self-configuring and self-healing characteristics.In WMN, two types node is arranged, i.e. Mesh node and terminal node (STA), wherein the Mesh node is divided into pure Mesh node (MP), Mesh access point (MAP) and Mesh gateway (MPP) again according to the difference of function, as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, the Mesh node is interconnected in the mode of wireless multi-hop, constitutes a netted wireless backbone.MP E-Packets for other Mesh nodes in the backbone network wirelessly.MAP not only as access point AP for the STA in its coverage provides wireless connections, also E-Packet for other Mesh nodes as router.MPP as the Mesh gateway, links to each other with Internet in wired mode, inserts for the Mesh backbone network provides Internet.Each STA (terminal nodes such as Desktop, Laptop, PDA, Phone) connects with covering its regional MAP, thereby realizes the access of Internet by MPP in the mode of wireless multi-hop.
WMN is as a kind of Internet Access Network of WiMAX, and its distinguishing feature is that most of traffic aggregation of network is in MPP.MPP becomes the key node among the WMN, is restricting the raising of network performance, usually becomes the performance bottleneck of whole system.The congested performance that can have influence on whole network inevitably of part MPP.Therefore, how to realize the load balancing between the MPP, for the Internet resources that utilize of maximal efficiency, improving network performance has major and immediate significance, has become a problem that presses for solution in wireless Mesh netword field.
The MPP load-balancing method that has proposed at present at self-organizing between the wireless Mesh netword node, reciprocity connection characteristics, adopts distributed solution.Each gateway carries out the migration of network traffics according to the gateway load information in the own neighborhood.Owing to lack the gateway load information of the overall situation, so this method convergence rate is slow, be absorbed in local equilibrium easily, can't realize the load balancing of the overall situation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: in wireless Mesh netword, gateway inevitably becomes the bottleneck of whole system as the access point node of end-user access Internet.Choose the path of certain or some gateways as most of MAP and carry out transfer of data as main path, the part gateway will occur congested.Part gateway congested reduced utilization efficiency of network resources, influenced the raising of whole network performance.The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is exactly that wireless Mesh netword part gateway is congested, the unbalanced problem of load.At the deficiency of existing gateway load-balancing method, adopt the network architecture of centralized control type, a kind of gateway load balancing method of the new overall situation is proposed.It is good that this method has portfolio effect, fast convergence rate, and the few characteristics such as (the control message are few) of the network load of increase can realize the load balancing between the gateway effectively under large-scale wireless Mesh network environment.The present invention obtains the network information of the overall situation by introduce the collection mechanism of network topology and gateway load information on AC.Carry out load balancing according to the network information of the overall situation and calculate on AC, the flow of selecting current optimum in the mode of iteration moves scheme, and the routing configuration instruction is handed down to the MAP that need carry out the flow migration.Receive the MAP of routing configuration instruction, revise the new route of main path for determining in the instruction, the gateway that more renews is an access point node, finishes the flow migration.
Technical scheme:
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention utilizes the network configuration and the multipath source routing mechanism of centralized control type, has proposed a kind of central controlled gateway load balancing method.This gateway load balancing method is specific as follows:
A kind of method of wireless Mesh netword gateway load-balancing comprises step:
1) obtaining of Quan Ju topology and gateway load information:
AC is controlling the global information of whole network as the center control nodes of centralized control type Mesh network, and when the starting load equalization task, AC all gateways in network send the load information request, obtain the global view of gateway load information; Simultaneously, the MAP of AC all syndication users flows in network sends the routing iinformation request, obtains the global view of MAP routing iinformation;
In AC this locality, definition data structure is stored the load and the routing iinformation of the overall situation;
2) gateway load-balancing of AC this locality is calculated:
The calculating of local gateway load-balancing is the flow migration scheme of constantly finding out current optimum with iterative manner, and step comprises:
21) generate the Candidate Set that flow moves scheme: calculate all feasible flows migrations, form the candidate collection of flow migration; If this candidate collection is empty, then gateway load-balancing reaches global optimum, the task termination of balanced gateway load of this stage; If this candidate collection is not empty, then carry out next step;
22) select the flow of an optimum to move scheme: from described candidate collection,, to select the flow migration scheme of an optimum according to the load difference of two gateways before and after the flow migration and the path length difference of migration front and back;
3) issue routing configuration instruction ground mode by AC and carry out the flow migration:
4) upgrade relevant network topology, route and the load information of flow migration scheme, re-execute step 2 then).
Described step 21) in, the necessary condition of feasible flow migration comprises:
(1) adjourns new gateway when the flow of a MAP from former gateway, then must have path from this MAP to new gateway;
(2) the flow migration is a target with the load that reduces congested gateway, so carry out the gateway that the MAP of flow migration is subordinate to, its load must be greater than average load;
When (3) reducing the load that produces congested gateway, can not increase the load of or gateway that load suitable heavier than its load as far as possible.
In the described step 3), AC is handed down to the MAP that need carry out the flow migration with the routing configuration instruction that flow moves scheme; After this MAP receives the routing configuration instruction of AC, revise the route main path of AC, replace original path with the path of AC appointment, the flow of realizing this MAP is light gateway from a heavier gateway transport of load to another load.
The whole network implementation multipath source routing mechanism of Mesh network, in the initial and self-organizing stage at network, each MAP forms and preserves many paths that arrive different gateways; Wherein, one is main path, carries out transfer of data, other be backup path; Simultaneously, timing detects the validity in path; By message request, AC obtains the MAP gateway path information of the overall situation; When the needs flow moved, AC sent to the MAP that carries out the flow migration by the routing configuration instruction with new path, and this MAP revises its main path, carries out transfer of data with new path.
In this method, the flow migration is exactly the transmission path that will adjust certain MAP flow, selects the gateway of another gateway as flow.The flow migration realizes by the routing configuration of AC.
This method adopts multipath source routing mechanism based on the 802.11s draft agreement, and the migration of MAP flow provides technical support during for equally loaded.In the initialization and the self-organizing stage of network, gateway is broadcasting beacon frame in network regularly, and MP transmits this, thereby makes MAP obtain many paths to different gateways.MAP selects an optimal path to carry out transfer of data as main path, and other path is as backup path.
The present invention is directed to part gateway congestion problems in the wireless Mesh netword, utilize the network configuration of centralized control type,, carry out the flow migration, can efficiently realize gateway load-balancing fast in mode iteratively based on the network topology and the load information of the overall situation on the AC; Adopted multipath source routing (to the multipath of different gateways), proposed a kind of AC routing configuration mechanism, issued the routing configuration instruction for concrete MAP by AC.Receive the MAP of routing configuration order, the route main path of changing oneself is the path of instruction regulation, carrying out transfer of data in new path, thereby realized this MAP flow from a gateway transport to another gateway.
Beneficial effect: it is good that the present invention has portfolio effect, fast convergence rate, and the few characteristics such as (the control message are few) of extra network load can realize the load balancing between the gateway effectively under large-scale wireless Mesh network environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a wireless Mesh netword system assumption diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a centralized control type wireless Mesh netword system assumption diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is concrete implementing procedure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the control information reciprocal process schematic diagram between AC among the present invention and MPP, the MAP.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
1, obtaining of overall topology and load information:
AC is controlling the global information of whole network as the center control nodes of centralized control type Mesh network.When the starting load equalization task, AC all gateways in network send the load information request, obtain the global view of gateway load information; Simultaneously, the MAP of AC all syndication users flows in network sends the routing iinformation request, obtains the global view of MAP routing iinformation (main path and backup path).In AC this locality, definition data structure is stored the load and the routing iinformation of the overall situation.Concrete data structure is as follows:
(1) data structure of overall gateway load information
(2) data structure of overall routing iinformation
(3) data structure of MAP routing iinformation
2, the gateway load-balancing of AC this locality is calculated
Local gateway load-balancing is calculated the flow migration scheme of constantly finding out current optimum in mode iteratively.In the process of load balancing, the flow migration is to reduce the load of congested gateway, and the load that can not increase or gateway that load suitable heavier than its load simultaneously is a target.Topology, load and routing iinformation according to the overall situation travel through whole network, find out all feasible flow migration schemes.Take all factors into consideration flow migration front and back offered load difference and path length difference,, produce a flow migration scheme of current optimum according to weight calculation.This process specifically is divided into two stages:
A) generate the Candidate Set that flow moves scheme
The concrete definition of flow migration: (MAP_ID, OLD_GW NEW_GW), promptly will move the unique identification of the MAP of flow to tlv triple; OLD_GW represents the former gateway of flow migration, the gateway that this MAP was subordinate to originally; NEW_GW represents the purpose gateway of flow migration, the new gateway that this MAP is subordinate to.
Feasible flow migration must be satisfied following 3 conditions:
(1) OLD_GW is the gateway that the current main path of this MAP uses, and exists a paths and arrive NEW_GW in the information table of the mountain, road of MAP.
(2) Load (OLD_GW)＞AVG_LOAD, AVG_LOAD represents the gateway average load.This condition shows, carries out the gateway that the MAP of flow migration is subordinate to, and its load must be higher than average load.
(3) Load (OLD_GW)-Load (NEW_GW)＞T (MAP), T (MAP) represents the customer flow of this MAP polymerization.The migration that is flow can not make the purpose gateway become congested gateway when reducing former gateway load.
B) select the flow of an optimum to move scheme, its weight calculation is specific as follows:
Variable map represents that this flow migration scheme carries out the MAP node of flow migration, and old_gw represents its gateway that is subordinate to before the flow migration, and new_gw represents its gateway that is subordinate to of flow migration back.Variable load (old_gw) and load (new_gw) represent the load of these two gateways before the flow migration respectively, and len (old_path) and len (new_path) represent the routed path length (jumping figure) of this MAP node of flow migration front and back respectively.Therefore, two gateway load differences are big more, and weighted value is big more; New routed path length is more little, and weighted value is big more.
Table 1 is the algorithm false code that the AC local load balancing is calculated:
3, issue routing configuration instruction ground mode by AC and carry out the flow migration
Adopt the multipath source routing, the present invention proposes a kind of AC routing configuration mechanism, thereby realize the migration of MAP flow.Routing configuration instruction issue and the flow transition process in, AC and MAP alternately, specifically as shown in Figure 4.At first AC sends to MAP with the routing configuration instruction, and MAP after the flow migration is finished, finishes message for the migration of AC transmitted traffic according to the flow migration scheme modifying route main path in this instruction.Multipath source routing mechanism, each MAP has many paths to different gateways, and wherein one is main path, is used for transfer of data; Remaining is a backup path.The execution of flow migration is at MAP, and the route main path that is used for transfer of data by modification is finished; When the control of flow migration carries out the flow migration but at AC, how to move all to be determined according to global information by AC.From controlling to execution, instruct and realize by issuing routing configuration.
4, upgrade relevant network topology, route and load information
After the flow migration was finished, its route main path of MAP that carries out the flow migration changed, and variation has also taken place in the load of two gateways that it originally was subordinate to and was subordinate to now.Simultaneously, also there are the expired situation of information in some other network topology, route and the load information of its local storage.More than these information all need to upgrade synchronously so that load calculation next time.
The present invention also can have other numerous embodiments; under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, and these change and be out of shape the protection range that all should belong to the appended claim of the present invention accordingly.
Claims (4)
1. the method for a wireless Mesh netword gateway load-balancing is characterized in that comprising step:
1) obtaining of Quan Ju topology and gateway load information:
AC is controlling the global information of whole network as the center control nodes of centralized control type Mesh network, and when the starting load equalization task, AC all gateways in network send the load information request, obtain the global view of gateway load information; Simultaneously, the MAP of AC all syndication users flows in network sends the routing iinformation request, obtains the global view of MAP routing iinformation;
In AC this locality, definition data structure is stored the load and the routing iinformation of the overall situation;
2) gateway load-balancing of AC this locality is calculated:
The calculating of local gateway load-balancing is the flow migration scheme of constantly finding out current optimum with iterative manner, and step comprises:
21) generate the Candidate Set that flow moves scheme: calculate all feasible flows migrations, form the candidate collection of flow migration; If this candidate collection is empty, then gateway load-balancing reaches global optimum, the task termination of balanced gateway load of this stage; If this candidate collection is not empty, then carry out next step;
22) select the flow of an optimum to move scheme: from described candidate collection,, to select the flow migration scheme of an optimum according to the load difference of two gateways before and after the flow migration and the path length difference of migration front and back;
3) mode that issues routing configuration instruction by AC is carried out the flow migration:
4) upgrade and relevant network topology, route and the load information of this flow migration, re-execute step 2 then).
2. the method for wireless Mesh netword gateway load-balancing according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step 21) in, the necessary condition of feasible flow migration comprises:
(1) adjourns new gateway when the flow of a MAP from former gateway, then must have path from this MAP to new gateway;
(2) the flow migration is a target with the load that reduces congested gateway, so carry out the gateway that the MAP of flow migration is subordinate to, its load must be greater than average load;
When (3) reducing the load that produces congested gateway, can not increase the load of or gateway that load suitable heavier than its load as far as possible.
3. the method for wireless Mesh netword gateway load-balancing according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the described step 3), and AC is handed down to the MAP that need carry out the flow migration with the routing configuration instruction that flow moves scheme; After this MAP receives the routing configuration instruction of AC, revise the route main path of AC, replace original path with the path of AC appointment, the flow of realizing this MAP is light gateway from a heavier gateway transport of load to another load.
4. the method for wireless Mesh netword gateway load-balancing according to claim 1, the whole network implementation multipath source routing mechanism that it is characterized in that the Mesh network, in the initial and self-organizing stage at network, each MAP forms and preserves many paths that arrive different gateways; Wherein, one is main path, carries out transfer of data, other be backup path; Simultaneously, timing detects the validity in path; By message request, AC obtains the MAP gateway path information of the overall situation; When the needs flow moved, AC sent to the MAP that carries out the flow migration by the routing configuration instruction with new path, and this MAP revises its main path, carries out transfer of data with new path.
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| CN102695212A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-26 | 上海乾视通信技术有限公司 | Method for balancing loads of ad-hoc network gateways |
| CN102149138B (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-04-24 | 东南大学 | Method for balancing gateway load of wireless Mesh network |
| CN103346950A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-10-09 | 北京傲天动联技术股份有限公司 | Sharing method and device of load between user service boards of rack-mounted wireless controller |
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