CN102148507A - Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) system based on admittance optimization algorithm - Google Patents
Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) system based on admittance optimization algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) system based on the admittance optimization algorithm. In the invention, the advantages of the conductance increment algorithm and the fuzzy control algorithm are combined, the admittance optimization algorithm is independently researched and developed, and the fuzzified transfer function and the defuzzification judgment are established. A photovoltaic array Pmax is calculated through a photovoltaic array P-U curve, the voltage level fluctuation can be fast followed, no complex algorithm is required, the maximum power of a solar battery can be fast tracked, and the requirement for MPPT control on the photovoltaic system in various occasions can be well satisfied. Test results verify that the algorithm has better effects such as compatibility with different systems, fastness and the like in comparison with the conductance increment algorithm. The results of a great deal of experiments and test show that the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter MPPT system based on the admittance optimization algorithm has excellent real-time performance and dynamic performance, and is stable in tracking without misjudgment, with tracking accuracy reaching up to 99%.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic parallel in system, particularly be based on the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system of admittance advantest method.
Two, background technology
The stability of photovoltaic parallel in system, cost, efficient etc. very major part depend on the photovoltaic grid-connected inversion power supply.Whether the quality of power supply can be accepted as decision electrical networks such as, wave distortions serious to electric network pollution.Since the efficient of solar photovoltaic assembly very low (efficient of home and abroad all is about 15%), and material cost is higher, and this is that photovoltaic generation can not be as the universal basic reason of solar water heater.For an example: the load capacity of one family is 2KW, and the price of present solar photovoltaic assembly approximately is 15 yuans/watt, be exactly that one of solar photovoltaic assembly just needs 30,000 yuans like this, this price is very high for most family, so just need to allow solar photovoltaic assembly output electric energy as much as possible under same sunshine and temperature, thereby save the cost of solar energy photovoltaic system, in theory and practice, just proposed the problem of MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT-Max Power PointerTracking) like this.Space and possibility that photovoltaic battery panel promotes efficient still belong to unknown number at present, but can realize that by technological innovation photovoltaic parallel in system develops to the high efficiency, low cost direction, as utilize the admittance best practice to promote the MPPT tracking effect, can improve about 20% than present solar energy utilization system utilization ratio.So the photovoltaic parallel in system demonstration project of a high efficiency, low cost can greatly promote the development of parallel network power generation cause.
Because the strong nonlinear of solar photovoltaic assembly U-I and be subjected to Temperature Influence very big, it is very complicated so just to make that the realization of MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) becomes, and it is Japanese at present, the method that US and European mainly adopts is conductance increment method (Incremental Conductance Algorithms), the great advantage that this method realizes is when the illumination on the solar cell changes, its output end voltage can be followed its variation in mode stably, it is less that voltage rocks relative method of perturbation, the German Shell Co. Ltd of picture, this method that the Kyocera of Japan adopts realizes, but its tangible deficiency is exactly an algorithm complexity very, needing to spend the considerable time in the process of following the tracks of goes to carry out the A/D conversion, and this can cause sizable difficulty to microprocessor in control.Domestic main employing be disturbance observation P﹠amp; O (Perturb﹠amp; Observe Algorithms), the characteristics of this method maximum are the modularization control loop, the tracking rule is simple and clear, realize easily, shortcoming is to shake operation near maximum power point, cause the part power loss, the given of initial value and tracing step has bigger influence to tracking accuracy and speed, and out-of-sequence (" erroneous judgement ") phenomenon of program running takes place sometimes.Domestic unit realizes as this modes of many employings such as Energy Research Institutes of HeFei University of Technology.
Because solar photovoltaic assembly U-I strong nonlinear and be subjected to Temperature Influence very big, so just make and realize that MPPT becomes very complicated, and at present Japan, US and European mainly adopt conductance increment method (IncrementalConductance Algorithms), domestic main employing be disturbance observation P﹠amp; O (Perturb﹠amp; ObserveAlgorithms), other also adopts disturbance-observer method, fuzzy logic control and optimum gradient method, " method of going up a hill (first difference method) " etc., but said method is all having deficiency aspect control precision, stability and the computing difficulty, in practice, to the hardware requirement height, the out-of-sequence phenomenon of program occurs, can not guarantee the normal operation of MPPT system.
Three, summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that occurs in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of technical scheme:
The invention has been researched and developed the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system based on the admittance advantest method in conjunction with the advantage of conductance increment method and fuzzy control method, sets up the transfer function and the reverse gelatinization judgement of obfuscation.Obtain photovoltaic array Pmax by photovoltaic array P-U curve, follow voltage level change fast, do not require very complicated algorithm, fast sun-tracing can battery maximum power, and can adapt to of the requirement of various occasions well to photovoltaic system MPPT control, evidence the method has better compatible different system and effect such as quick than the conductance increment method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Experiment and test through a large amount of show that its real-time and dynamic property are very good, and follow the tracks of and stablize, and misjudgment phenomenon can not occur, and tracking accuracy is up to 99%.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic array voltage-current characteristic of the present invention and MPPT optimizing curve.
Fig. 2 is a high efficiency, low cost interconnection technology route map of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a parallel network reverse schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that grid-connected power-supply system of the present invention is organized block diagram.
Fig. 5 is parallel network reverse Based Intelligent Control figure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a photovoltaic parallel in system control reference current extraction algorithm of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an alternate type Boost circuit of power factor correction of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is four operating states of alternate type Boost circuit of power factor correction of the present invention.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the invention is described further:
Because photovoltaic cell its output electric energy under different conditions of work has different voltage-current characteristics, be nonlinear characteristic, thereby need follow the tracks of the Maximum Power Output point of photovoltaic cell, its output electric energy is always worked on the maximum power, to maximally utilise solar energy, crucial effects is played in this stability and high efficiency work to photovoltaic system.MPPT (Max Power Pointer Tracking) is a kind of comparatively widely photovoltaic array power points of current employing control mode.This mode is adjusted the output current of electricity generation system in real time, follows the tracks of maximum power point.Native system adopts the admittance advantest method to realize that MPPT follows the tracks of, and experimental result finds that the admittance advantest method real-time and the dynamic property that adopt are very good, and very stable, disconnected phenomenon can not occur judging by accident, and precision is up to 99%, and application prospect is very good.
Below be that performance compares:
Table one MPPT the whole bag of tricks relatively
Adopt the optimum MPPT of the admittance system of the invention, can carry out tracing maximum power of photovoltaic cell.This consistent maturation is the high efficiency, low cost concentrated reflection.
The invention is in conjunction with the advantage of conductance increment method and fuzzy control method, independent research the admittance advantest method, set up the transfer function and the reverse gelatinization judgement of obfuscation.Obtain photovoltaic array Pmax (as Fig. 1) by photovoltaic array P-U curve, follow voltage level change fast, do not require very complicated algorithm, fast sun-tracing can battery maximum power, and can adapt to of the requirement of various occasions well to photovoltaic system MPPT control, evidence the method has better compatible different system and effect such as quick than the conductance increment method.Experiment and test through a large amount of show that its real-time and dynamic property are very good, and follow the tracks of and stablize, and misjudgment phenomenon can not occur, and tracking accuracy is up to 99%.
Grid-connected power technology route and efficient, the low-cost analysis as shown in Figure 2.
The inversion principle of high efficiency, low cost and network source as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, by the PWM controller, drive circuit, reactor, transducer, pi regulator, intelligent matched interfaces etc. are partly formed.
The parallel network reverse Mathematical Modeling
On the basis of grid-connected current inversion Mathematical Modeling, utilize intelligent algorithm, electrical network is carried out electric current, the two closed-loop controls of voltage, wherein electric current is instantaneous closed loop, voltage is feedfoward control.Solar energy output will be adopted the optimum MPPT algorithm of admittance, and with the energy output of real-time solar panel with maximum, concrete high efficiency, low cost parallel network reverse control as shown in Figure 5.
Soft switch technique
The Mathematical Modeling of the parallel network reverse of utilize setting up, to power device open electric current, voltage and cut-off current, voltage carries out the control of minimum area, makes switch power loss minimum.
Energy management unit
This unit is controlled with photovoltaic array MPPT control with based on the idle and harmonic current compensation of instantaneous reactive theory and is organically combined, making grid-connectedly both can provide certain active power to electrical network, the idle and harmonic current compensation that can realize to a certain extent again.Wherein, the detection of active current, reactive current and harmonic current is and the key issue of network source directly to influence the performance of system.
As the extraction algorithm of Fig. 6 photovoltaic parallel in system control with reference current.Wherein figure is example with the three-phase grid.P: instantaneous power; Q: reactive power.
The two BOOST circuit of power factor correction of alternate type
What adopt mostly now is common boost type translation circuit, correction for the low power power factor of several hectowatts is ripe, but to 3～5KW and more powerful circuit, then there are many problems, sort circuit has well solved the reverse current shock problem, and power factor is very high, reaches 0.99, is applicable to very much the high-power applications occasion.
This scheme is that two Boost circuit are in parallel, as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, two Boost circuit workings are in identical frequency, but two switching tube alternate conduction, and this has just improved the overall work frequency of circuit, reduced requirement to filtering, because sort circuit is to bear power jointly by two converters, therefore can adopt the switching tube of less electric current, adopt this scheme, can improve power factor, and efficient can not reduce yet.
The major advantage of this converter have following some:
(1) compare with traditional booster converter, inductance can reduce half.
(2) current class of switching tube can reduce half.
(3) very obviously reduced input current harmonics,
(4) efficiently solve the shock problem of diode reverse recovery current.
Adopt alternate type Boost circuit of power factor correction the system power factor can be brought up to 0.9999, thereby guarantee meritorious output.
The cost control concentrated reflection
In addition, reduce the cost of the control inverter that is incorporated into the power networks, thereby impel the production and the popularization of solar grid-connected generating scale by structure and Circuit Optimization.Concrete measure has
By advanced algorithmic technique, realize that MOSFET substitutes the IPM module of traditional costliness, and performance index are more outstanding, greatly reduce the system hardware cost.
Adopt the DC/DC booster circuit of the two closed loop BOOST of intelligent high frequency, cancelled the Industrial Frequency Transformer of traditional heaviness, not only reduce system integration cost, alleviated the weight and the volume of complete machine, also improved the efficient of system simultaneously.
Modularization, blocking, intelligentized design concept are adopted in system design, can realize various combination functions under the situation that does not change core control main circuit according to the different demand of client, have also reduced the installation and maintenance cost simultaneously.
Adopt the single digital processor, realized real control inversion one, substituted traditional parallel network reverse power supply and controller combining and configuring pattern, reduce the information gathering passage and carry out passage, guarantee information consistency and real-time have reduced fault, have controlled manufacturing cost effectively.
By the control mode that software combines with hardware, realize that THD reduces 50% than traditional SPWM, reduce the size of the filter of rear end, reduce the cost of system.
Adopted soft switch technique, reduced the loss of power device, under situation about being implemented in, can adopt littler power device and heat dissipation equipment, reduced the cost and the generating efficiency that has improved system of system significantly with constant power.
Though the utility model with preferred embodiment openly as above; but they are not to be used for limiting the utility model; anyly be familiar with this skill person; in the spirit and scope that do not break away from the utility model; can do various variations or retouching from working as, what therefore protection range of the present utility model should be defined with the application's claim protection range is as the criterion.
Claims (6)
1. based on the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system of admittance advantest method, it is characterized in that: it comprises solar photovoltaic assembly, PWM controller, drive circuit, and reactor, transducer, pi regulator, intelligent matched interfaces etc. are partly formed.
2. the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system based on the admittance advantest method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: system carries out electric current, the two closed-loop controls of voltage to electrical network, and wherein electric current is instantaneous closed loop, and voltage is feedfoward control.
3. the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system based on the admittance advantest method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Mathematical Modeling of utilizing the parallel network reverse of setting up, to power device open electric current, voltage and cut-off current, voltage carries out the control of minimum area, makes switch power loss minimum.
4. the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system based on the admittance advantest method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: system adopts the two BOOST circuit of power factor correction of alternate type.
5. the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system based on the admittance advantest method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: system also comprises energy management unit, described energy management unit is controlled with photovoltaic array MPPT control with based on the idle and harmonic current compensation of instantaneous reactive theory and is organically combined, making grid-connectedly both can provide certain active power to electrical network, the idle and harmonic current compensation that can realize to a certain extent again.
6. the photovoltaic combining inverter MPPT system based on the admittance advantest method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: system sets up the transfer function and the reverse gelatinization judgement of obfuscation, obtain photovoltaic array Pmax by photovoltaic array P-U curve, follow voltage level change fast, fast sun-tracing can battery maximum power, and can adapt to of the requirement of various occasions well to photovoltaic system MPPT control.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102629841A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for tracing maximum power point and power supply system |
| CN102736661A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-17 | 南京冠亚电源设备有限公司 | MPPT control method in novel photovoltaic system |
| CN103595231A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Direct-current side harmonic suppression system and method of 12-pulse rectification system on basis of interleaved Boost APFC circuit |
| CN103872939A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Two-way boosted circuit inverter system and controlling method thereof |
| CN104426163A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 | Multi-mode control method and multi-mode control system for photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with duplex parallel structure |
| US9065336B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2015-06-23 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Maximum power point tracking method and apparatus |
| CN105375518A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Fuzzy control method and system for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) |
| WO2016078507A1 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-05-26 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Photovoltaic intelligent power supply |
| US9436201B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-09-06 | KarmSolar | System and method for maintaining a photovoltaic power source at a maximum power point |
| CN109508062A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-03-22 | 吉林建筑大学 | A kind of photovoltaic power generation control method and system based on fuzzy conductance |
| RU2769039C1 (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-03-28 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Образования «Новосибирский Государственный Технический Университет» | Maximum power point tracker for solar powered inverter |
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2010
- 2010-02-08 CN CN2010101068535A patent/CN102148507A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102629841A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for tracing maximum power point and power supply system |
| CN102736661A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-17 | 南京冠亚电源设备有限公司 | MPPT control method in novel photovoltaic system |
| CN103872939B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-12-28 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of two-way booster circuit inverter system and control method thereof |
| CN103872939A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Two-way boosted circuit inverter system and controlling method thereof |
| US9065336B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2015-06-23 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Maximum power point tracking method and apparatus |
| CN104426163A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 | Multi-mode control method and multi-mode control system for photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with duplex parallel structure |
| CN104426163B (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2016-08-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 | The photovoltaic combining inverter Multimode Controlling Method of doubleization parallel-connection structure and system |
| CN103595231A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Direct-current side harmonic suppression system and method of 12-pulse rectification system on basis of interleaved Boost APFC circuit |
| US10122176B2 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2018-11-06 | Crrc Zhuzhou Institute Co., Ltd. | Photovoltaic intelligent power supply |
| WO2016078507A1 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-05-26 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Photovoltaic intelligent power supply |
| US9436201B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-09-06 | KarmSolar | System and method for maintaining a photovoltaic power source at a maximum power point |
| CN105375518A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Fuzzy control method and system for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) |
| CN109508062A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-03-22 | 吉林建筑大学 | A kind of photovoltaic power generation control method and system based on fuzzy conductance |
| RU2769039C1 (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-03-28 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Образования «Новосибирский Государственный Технический Университет» | Maximum power point tracker for solar powered inverter |
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Application publication date: 20110810 |