CN102147455A - Multi-antenna unit signal analysis processing and direction finding direction and system - Google Patents
Multi-antenna unit signal analysis processing and direction finding direction and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102147455A CN102147455A CN 201010616845 CN201010616845A CN102147455A CN 102147455 A CN102147455 A CN 102147455A CN 201010616845 CN201010616845 CN 201010616845 CN 201010616845 A CN201010616845 A CN 201010616845A CN 102147455 A CN102147455 A CN 102147455A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/28—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using amplitude comparison of signals derived simultaneously from receiving antennas or antenna systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics
- G01S3/30—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using amplitude comparison of signals derived simultaneously from receiving antennas or antenna systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics derived directly from separate directional systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-antenna unit signal analysis processing and direction finding direction method and a system, relating to the field of signal analysis processing and wireless signal direction finding; the analysis and direction finding method comprises the following steps: mainly adopting two pairs of antennas with different directions; carrying out short-time statistic analysis on signals synchronously received by the antennas in a certain length of time window so as to obtain a ratio of short time statistic analysis values of the two signals at an analysis point of a corresponding analysis domain; determining the composition and/or interference strength of the signals according to the variation characteristic of the ratio, or obtaining a data curve of the ratio with respect to the azimuthal angle, and then carrying out the processing and analyzing on the data curve so as to obtain parameters such as wave incoming directions of the signals and the like; particularly, the invention provides a single station location method. The invention proposes a reliable basis for signal processing and signal direction finding by analyzing the composition and the structure of the signals and promotes better cognition to electromagnetic environment through accurate and reliable direction-finding location on the signal source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal analysis and processing and wireless signal direction finding field, relate to specifically and a kind ofly make up utilization and comprise the method that many antenna elements of directive antenna carry out spacing wave analyzing and processing and signal source direction finding, and the system that can realize this analysis and processing method and/or signal source direction-finding method.
Background technology
At present, mainly be to utilize single omnidirectional antenna that parameters such as the amplitude of each frequency place signal, field intensity, level size are measured the signal analysis of realization to electromagnetic environment, the value that measures like this is the result of each signal stack, can't distinguish the composition and the structure of signal, also just be difficult to determine whether to exist co-channel interference and multipath to disturb, and frequency range and the interference intensity disturbed.
Present direction-finding method is according to the difference of system, and performance difference is bigger.The some of them direction-finding method can only provide single showing to degree, and as phase place direction finding, big point of articulation direction finding etc., other methods can provide a plurality of showing to degree, as single antenna rotation direction finding, Estimation of Spatial Spectrum.But there is very big complicacy in the electromagnetic space signal, the existence of homogenous frequency signal, multipath signal, and the spectral change of signal itself and propagate decline and make existing direction finding technology system face huge predicament, its direction finding precision and reliability are along with the complexity of electromagnetic environment descends rapidly.Though the spatial spectrum estimation approach can address these problems to a certain extent in the existing direction finding technology system, but because its susceptibility and processing power for model is subjected to the antenna element restricted number, also be very limited than the application under the complex electromagnetic environment, and the aerial array volume of Estimation of Spatial Spectrum is bigger, is unfavorable for realizing portable direction finding.
A kind of double-channel amplitude-comprised direction-finding method is arranged in the amplitude direction finding, utilize the ratio of the Ai De cock antenna reception electromotive force of two secondary quadratures to determine arrival bearing, and utilize channel equalization technique to eliminate the inconsistent influence of channel gain.But, no matter this implementation is from realizing cost or actual effect all is worthless.At first, the equilibrium of realization multichannel will be paid very high cost price, in addition, on technique effect, there are a lot of defectives, on the one hand, utilize to receive electromotive force and do ratio and be easy to because of the influence that is subjected to noise and multipath signal very unstablely, on the other hand, utilize this ratio to estimate that intrinsic deviation will appear owing to the existence of multipath signal in orientation.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to solve existing direction-finding method not to be had in advance analyzing and processing and the inaccurate technical matters of direction finding occurs, and a kind of composition, the analysis and processing method of structure that can analytic signal be provided.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of many antenna elements signal analysis treating method comprises the steps:
Preferably, in step 3, according to statistical value σ
2The suffered interference intensity of measured signal, σ
2A kind of account form be:
Wherein,
D (δ, t
j, τ) be the ratio that calculates at an analysis site δ place at j time window according to step 2; J is a natural number, and 1≤j≤M, M are the natural number greater than 1; When statistical value greater than certain threshold value C
1The time, can think that described signal exists with frequency allos signal.At this, analyze as the frequency that adopts frequency domain, then δ is j ω.
Take the logarithm in the formula is for balanced D (δ, t
j, the τ) contribution of the molecule of ratio and denominator correlative value variation.Since when jam-to-signal original signal height is a lot, ratio D (δ, t
j, variation τ) also will ease up, so statistical value σ
2The mixability of characterization signal to a certain extent, when two sizableness with allos signals frequently, statistical value σ
2Most probable is obtained maximal value.Calculating σ
2The time, choose D (δ, t
j, τ) middle active data, D (δ, t
j, validity τ) is by the size measurement of the statistical study value in short-term of first and second antennas.
Second purpose of the present invention be to provide a kind of simply, direction-finding method accurately, this direction-finding method can utilize the signal of determining by above-mentioned analysis and processing method to form information.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of many antenna elements signal direction-finding method comprises the steps:
Preferably, can also comprise step 4, promptly estimate possible arrival bearing's number according to described data and curves, and each arrival bearing's signal parameter, and each value that will determine is as initial value, utilize the weighted stacking model of the directivity function of first antenna to utilize the optimization method of numerical analysis to find the solution, obtain the optimum optimization value of arrival bearing's number and each arrival bearing's signal parameter the data and curves that records.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of analyzing and processing and direction-finding system that realizes above-mentioned analysis and processing method and/or direction-finding method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of many antenna elements signal analysis and processing, direction-finding system, comprise antenna element, receiving element, data processing unit and display unit, described antenna element comprises at least two slave antennas, having a pair in all antennas at least is directional antenna, and the sensing of each directional antenna can relatively independently be adjusted; The signal that described antenna records separately all inputs to by described receiving element and carries out the Synchronization Analysis processing in the data processing unit, described data processing unit to directional antenna and another day the signal Synchronization that receives of line locking carry out statistical study in short-term in the certain-length time window, obtain the amplitude spectrum ratio of the statistical study value in short-term of the two at an analysis site place in corresponding analysis territory, wherein, the length of described time window is greater than all signals the longest multidiameter delay of (refer to all main signals at this, do not consider the utmost point weak signal that reflects through repeatedly); The result of described data processing unit analyzing and processing inputs to display unit and exports demonstration.
Preferably, described receiving element also comprises mixting circuit and is controlled by the phase-locked loop of described data processing unit, each signal that inputs to receiving element inputs to described mixting circuit earlier and carries out down coversion step by step, form and corresponding baseband signal separately, each baseband signal inputs to data processing unit again and carries out statistical study in short-term; Described data processing unit is when beginning to carry out statistical study in short-term, send the local oscillation signal phase-locked signal to described receiving element, stop the tracking acquisition procedure of phase-locked loop, to keep each signal is carried out the frequency and the phase invariant of the local oscillation signal of down coversion to the signal frequency phase place.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: by the The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of analytic signal, for signal Processing and signal direction-finding provide reliable basis; By the accurate believable direction finding of signal source location being promoted better understanding to electromagnetic environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that analyzing and processing of the present invention and direction-finding system adopt the binary channels receiving mode;
Fig. 2 switches the theory diagram of receiving mode fast for analyzing and processing of the present invention and direction-finding system employing single channel;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of antenna element shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 shows signal analysis data according to analysis and processing method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows another time signal analysis data according to analysis and processing method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows signal source direction finding data according to direction-finding method of the present invention, and wherein, this time signal direction-finding has adopted the more weak antenna of directivity;
Fig. 7 shows another time signal source direction finding data according to direction-finding method of the present invention, and wherein, this time signal direction-finding has adopted the stronger antenna of directivity.
Embodiment
Analysis and processing method of the present invention and direction-finding method mainly use according to the combination of the directional diagram of directional antenna and many antennas and realize.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, analyzing and processing of the present invention and direction-finding system comprise antenna element 1, receiving element 2, data processing unit 3 and display unit 4, described antenna element 1 comprises at least two slave antennas, be respectively first antenna 11 and second antenna 12, having a pair in the described antenna at least is directional antenna, in the present embodiment, at least this first antenna 11 is a directional antenna, the sensing of this directional antenna can relatively independently be adjusted, and can also can make its rotation (changing its sensing with certain speed) so that its sensing is fixing; At least the signal data that the double antenna combination that comprises a directional antenna of 3 pairs of antenna elements of described data processing unit records separately carries out Synchronization Analysis to be handled; Described display unit 4 is used for the result of video data processing unit analyzing and processing.
This antenna element 1 more typically is configured to: (1) one a secondary omnidirectional antenna and a secondary directional antenna, the characteristics of this combination are the application that can be used for this static state of signal analysis, it is the application that does not need rotating antenna in the single analyses, can be used for the dynamic application of signal direction-finding again, promptly need the application of rotating antenna; Therefore simultaneously, this kind configuration can't too much increase the volume and weight of antenna element 1, can adopt the portable use form, also can be used for vehicle-mounted certainly and form such as fixed station; (2) two secondary rotatable directional antennas, wherein, a secondary directional antenna is main rotating antenna, be used to realize the rotation of various angular velocity, another is secondary for auxiliary rotating antenna, is used for subsidiary, this combination also can be added the single raise omnidirectional antenna again, is mainly used in vehicle-mounted or fixed station.
In order to realize signal analysis and processing and direction finding function better, the sensing of each directional antenna should relatively independently be adjusted in this antenna element 1, and can be calculated the best re-pointing of directional antenna by data processing unit 3.During the directional antenna rotation, carry out around the center of antenna as far as possible, can reduce like this to rotate the signal phase shift that causes, thereby avoid bringing model bias to signal analysis and direction finding.Because general antenna pattern all has symmetry, so the center of antenna refers generally to the symmetrical center line of antenna.
This receiving element 2 as shown in Figure 1, two above receiving cables are generally arranged, and comprise a synchronization control circuit, make can each antenna element of synchro measure signal parameter, adopt two slave antennas in the present embodiment, can correspondingly dispose two receiving cables, divide and be written as first receiving cable 21 of corresponding first antenna 11 and second receiving cable 22 of corresponding second antenna 12, certainly, also can adopt single channel as shown in Figure 2, by single pass quick switching, realize that under synchronizing circuit control the near-synchronous of two aerial signals receives.Receiving element comprises mixting circuit and is controlled by the phase-locked loop of this data processing unit 3, this data processing unit 3 sends the local oscillation signal phase-locked signal to phase-locked loop when beginning to analyze, so that after data analysis begins, the frequency of local oscillation signal and phase place are remained unchanged.At this, because local oscillation signal is used for sampled data is carried out down coversion, if phase-locked loop works on during signals collecting, local oscillation signal frequency and phase place may be drifted about, thereby the stability that causes the signal receiving feature to change in time influencing signal analysis and the numerical model of signal source direction finding are found the solution.
Below describe with regard to the configuration of two secondary rotatable directional antennas.Utilize above-mentioned analyzing and processing, direction-finding system to carry out before the signal source direction finding, earlier the corresponding band signal is carried out signal processing analysis, the preliminary approximate number of judging with allos signal frequently that has that it's too late, the process to signal analysis and processing of the present invention is as follows:
At first, rotate first antenna 11, note down the indexs such as electric field intensity sampled value at a frequency place, tentatively judge the possible direction of incoming wave, and therefrom filter out the arrival bearing of two possible same frequency allos signals; Then, with the arrival bearing of first and second antennas, and avoid influencing each other towards these two signals as far as possible; At last, analyzing and processing by 3 pairs of two-way aerial signals of data processing unit, judge whether to exist multipath signal and same allos signal frequently, and utilize the variation difference of spectrum structure difference and signal amplitude to distinguish to multipath signal with frequency allos signal, utilize the difference of signal amplitude direct signal and multipath signal to be distinguished the The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of preliminary judgement signal.If each may arrival bearing be differentiated when all not have to find with allos signal frequently one by one, can judge does not have with allos signal frequently herein or the undesired signal of frequency allos is minimum together in the space.Data processing unit 3 mainly is to determine this characteristic to carry out analyzing and processing according to the gain of the different arrival bearing's signals that arrive directional antenna by the directivity function of directional antenna.Analysis and processing method to data processing unit 3 describes in detail below.
Difference with frequency allos signal mainly shows spectrum structure and spectral change rule, and wherein, this spectrum structure comprises centre frequency, frequency span and spectral shape etc.; This spectral change rule mainly refers to each frequency component amplitude of signal and phase place over time.
When analyzing and processing, setting signal all adopts base band or baseband modulation signal, does not analyze its high frequency modulated and demodulating process.At the arrival bearing's who filters out two possible same frequency allos signals mode at every turn, establish two same f of allos signal frequently of existence in the space
1(t) and f
2(t), and these two signals arrive system of the present invention and all have multipath signal.Signal f
1(t) decay factor that direct signal, each multipath signal arrive main rotating antenna (first antenna 11) is respectively K
11, K
12... K
1m, time delay is respectively T
11, T
12... T
1m, incident angle is respectively θ
11, θ
12... θ
1m, the decay factor that arrives auxiliary rotating antenna (second antenna 12) is respectively K '
11, K '
12... K '
1m, time delay is respectively T '
11, T '
12... T '
1m, incident angle is respectively θ '
11, θ '
12... θ '
1mSignal f
2(t) decay factor that direct signal, each multipath signal arrive main rotating antenna is respectively K
21, K
22... K
2n, time delay is respectively T
21, T
22... T
2n, incident angle is respectively θ
21, θ
22... θ
2n, the decay factor that arrives auxiliary rotating antenna is respectively K '
21, K '
22... K '
2n, time delay is respectively T '
21, T '
22... T '
2n, incident angle is respectively θ '
21, θ '
22... θ '
2nHere signal f
1(t), f
2(t) multipath signal quantity is respectively m-1, n-1, and m, n are the natural number more than or equal to 1.
When the Short Time Fourier Transform of statistical analysis technique employing in short-term, the concrete steps of analysis and processing method of the present invention are as follows:
Step 1: keep main rotating antenna and the auxiliary rotating antenna certain angle of fixed directional separately, and roughly point to possible arrival bearing; Wherein, two slave antennas have different directivity, and so-called different directions may be the directivity function difference (so whenever its directivity is all different down) of two slave antennas, also may be that the directivity function of two slave antennas is identical, but the sensing difference of antenna;
Step 2: the signal that second mate's fixed antenna receives is synchronously done statistical study in short-term respectively, obtain the amplitude spectrum ratio of the statistical study value in short-term of the two at a frequency place, at this, the common validity of determining described amplitude spectrum ratio of size of the statistical study value in short-term of the signal that can receive according to two secondary fixed antenna units synchronization.The statistical analysis technique in short-term that following surface analysis adopts is the calculated value of fourier spectrum in short-term in the time window, also can adopt other statistical values to some application certainly, as the integral measurement value in time of voltage in the time window, wavelet transformation etc.
The time window of signal being done statistical study in short-term needs certain length, this length is greater than the longest time delay in all main multipath signals, for the implementation that the single channel time as shown in Figure 2 switches, the length of described time window also is greater than the time interval that channel switches.If the length of time window can not satisfy above-mentioned requirements, rapid fluctuation may not take place in the ratio of described signal statistical study value in short-term yet under having with the situation that the allos signal disturbs frequently.With the influence of multipath signal is the example explanation, except having different delay, also variant at edge's signal between the different signal data of time delay when aerial signal is carried out windowing process, for example, and for time window (t
1, t
2), the data of direct signal are ψ
1(t) (t
1＜t＜t
2), then time-delay is τ
0The multipath signal data be ψ
1(t) (t
1+ τ
0＜t＜t
2+ τ
0).Therefore, in fact exist and when only having multipath signal, owing to have different data in the time window, described amplitude spectrum ratio also has certain fluctuation in time, it is worthless that this real-time voltage value (being equivalent to time window length is 0) that illustrates that also the double-channel amplitude-comprised direction-finding method of prior art is utilized two slave antennas and recorded is done ratio, because may be subjected to the influence of multipath signal and big ups and downs.According to the general distribution of multidiameter delay, we think that time window length generally is greater than and equal 3 microseconds, otherwise the stability of signal statistical study value in short-term ratio can be had a strong impact on.Time window length is big more, helps reducing the influence of multipath signal to described ratio stability more.But the oversize meeting of time window causes data length long, thereby increases the difficulty that follow-up data is handled, therefore time window can not be oversize on the one hand, on the other hand, should carry out carrying out data statistic analysis again after the sufficient frequency reducing, preferably can carry out in the minimum base band of sampling rate to signal.For example be the modulated signal of 300kHz, can carry out statistical study to signal again by the filtering of analog or digital, the position that frequency mixing method is moved 0Hz to 300kHz with signal band earlier for frequency span.In addition, when short time discrete Fourier transform is adopted in statistical study, the corresponding e that produces of multidiameter delay T
-jwTPhase shift, this brings a lot of difficulties to model analysis, also make simultaneously the increase of fluctuating in time of the ratio of described signal statistical study value in short-term, but when mixing down to Base-Band Processing, if multidiameter delay is also not too big, then this item all approaches 1 usually, thereby has simplified signal model, can reduce simultaneously the influence of multidiameter delay correlative value fluctuation, the indication baseband width is no more than signal bandwidth here.
If the directivity function of main rotating antenna and auxiliary rotating antenna is respectively and ξ (θ), then main rotating antenna and auxiliary rotating antenna record the G of fourier spectrum in short-term of signal
1(jw, t, τ) and G
2(jw, t τ) can distinguish approximate representation and be:
Wherein, t is the data recording start time, and τ is data recording time window length (generally getting 1ms), F
1(jw, t, τ) and F
2(jw, t τ) are respectively signal f
1(t) and f
2(t) Fourier transform value.Fourier spectrum G like this, in short-term
1(jw, t, τ) and G
2(jw, t is τ) at frequency w
0The spectrum value at place is respectively:
Generally speaking, the travel path of multipath signal is more stable in short-term, then
With
All can be considered irrelevant constant with time t, therefore,
G
1(jw
0，t，τ)＝F
1(jw
0，t，τ)M(w
0)+F
2(jw
0，t，τ)N(w
0)
G
2(jw
0，t，τ)＝F
1(jw
0，t，τ)M′(w
0)+F
2(jw
0，t，τ)N′(w
0)
Be that the interior two slave antenna measured signal short-term spectrum of time window are at w
0Place's single-frequency point amplitude spectrum ratio is:
Here ratio D (jw
0, t, validity τ) is by G
1(jw
0, t, τ) and G
2(jw
0, t, τ) common decision, if the both is very little, promptly a statistical study value in short-term is less than constant alpha
1, and another statistical study value in short-term is less than constant alpha
2, then this ratio does not have validity, wherein; α
1And α
2Definite mode not unique, can be according to the actual measurement environmental selection, as being numerical value, perhaps be 1/4 etc. of this frequency signal spectrum assembly average greater than ground unrest 2～5db.
One or two is wherein arranged, and all more then ratio is effective.Because
With
Value and signal f
1(t), f
2(t) factors such as sensing of the path of the described system of arrival and two secondary directional antennas are all relevant, so under most situation
With
Determined D (jw
0, t, variation range τ).The directivity of directional antenna is strong more, easy more acquisition
With
Between bigger difference, also just make D (jw
0, t τ) has bigger variation range.Limiting case is, when the directivity of two secondary directional antennas is enough good, and two arrival bearing's difference angle with allos signals frequently are enough big, to such an extent as to when every secondary directional antenna is only received the direct wave of one of them signal and multipath signal, D (jw
0, t, variation range τ) is zero to infinitely great.In addition, will consider to eliminate the influence of ground unrest in this process, the influence of ground unrest is at D (jw
0, t, the constant that all superposeed on molecule τ) and the denominator, so to measure ground unrest earlier in the analytic process, then at D (jw
0, t deducts corresponding ground unrest estimated value on molecule τ) and the denominator.
If there is no, only there are a signal source such as f with frequency allos signal
1(t) time, i.e. f
2(t) be f
1(t) a multipath signal, then D (jw
0, t τ) is approximately
With
Between a constant.Work as f
1(t), f
2(t) be with frequency allos signal and at frequency w
0When place's spectrum value Changing Pattern is inconsistent, frequency w
0D (the jw of place
0, t, τ) t changes in time, two signal source f
1(t), f
2(t) spectral change difference is big more, D (jw
0, t, τ) variation is obvious more.Its limiting case is the fixed transmission source for two diverse locations of joining common-frequency simplex communication, D (jw
0, t τ) will be at two constants
With
Between saltus step back and forth, in like manner, for n fixed transmission source and observe the situation of simplex rule, then should be saltus step between n constant, wherein, n is the natural number more than or equal to 2, can estimate the quantity of emissive source in view of the above.If wherein to receive signal at its aligning direction relatively very little for common antenna, may cause D (jw
0, t τ) changes significantly and is prone to systematic bias, and can add suitable fixed gain this moment to its corresponding reception path, so that D (jw
0, t τ) is changed significantly; Also can make it and treat that phase of received signal is approaching as far as possible, treat the reception of received signal and weaken the reception of other signals with enhancing by the phase place of regulating local oscillation signal.
The fluctuation that multipath signal causes in the time window can reduce by the length that increases time window, and the index D (jw that same allos signal frequently causes
0, t, fluctuation τ) is but irrelevant with the length of time window.As index D (jw
0, t when fluctuation τ) is very obvious, can be judged to be existence with frequency allos signal.And as index D (jw
0, t, fluctuation τ) hour, fluctuation may be caused by less same frequency allos signal, also may only be caused by multipath signal, this moment can be according to D (jw
0, t, whether fluctuation τ) has insensitivity to judge to cause the main body of fluctuation to the length of time window is with allos signal frequently.Therefore, the length that increases time window can improve system resolution multipath signal and the same ability of allos signal frequently.When one of them power of allos signal was very little frequently together, the length that will as far as possible increase this time window was to improve rate respectively.And when time window and not very big, and the index D (jw at each frequency place in the frequency band
0, t when τ) almost not fluctuating, can think and have only an arrival bearing.Be about 3.333 μ s because the path differs the time delay that 1km causes, analyze the time window of usefulness and can get reference value 1ms.
When the multipath that whether exists the co-channel interference that causes with allos signal frequently or multipath signal to cause when each frequency place in frequency range of the meticulous investigation of needs disturbs, can investigate this frequency w separately
iIndex D (the jw of place
i, t, τ) situation over time comprises maximal value, minimum value and a period of time (several time windows) interior index D (jw
i, t, the statistical value σ relevant τ) with variance
2,
Wherein,
D (jw
i, t
j, be τ) according to the ratio in j the time window of step 2 calculating; J is a natural number, and 1≤j≤M, M are the natural number greater than 1; When statistical value greater than constant C
1The time, then described signal must exist with frequency allos signal.Thereby, can find part and the undisturbed part disturbed, for the part of being disturbed, can assess the degree of being disturbed.In addition, can also carry out Signal Separation and reduction in view of the above, for example for the signal of frequency spectrum about the centre frequency symmetry, find when upper side frequency disturbedly by aforementioned analysis, and lower side frequency just can be utilized lower side frequency recovery original signal when not disturbed.
As D (jw
i, t, the statistical value σ when t in time τ) changes
2Greater than certain value C
1The time, can think to certainly exist with allos interference frequently.Signal power was approaching more when two signal sources arrived native system, and it is strong that frequency spectrum changes Shaoxing opera relatively, statistical value σ
2Just big more.As statistical value σ
2Smaller or equal to certain value C
2The time, it is generally acknowledged and have only an arrival bearing; As statistical value σ
2Greater than constant C
2Smaller or equal to C
1The time, it is generally acknowledged not have co-channel interference and exist multipath to disturb, but at statistical value σ
2Smaller or equal to C
1In time, do not got rid of yet and has the possibility of disturbing with allos frequently; Wherein, C
1And C
2Need choose according to the actual measurement environment, generally can when actual analysis, carry out repeatedly preanalysis, and choose constant C according to the statistical value of preanalysis
1And C
2, constant C
1And C
2Increase with M increases, the increase of length of window in time and reducing.When the time window extends, C
1, C
2All corresponding the diminishing of value, just resolution has improved.Certainly, the short co-channel interference signal of bursting of compole during for some to such an extent as to time window can not be oversize much larger than the undesired signal time span, causes that variance is smoothed to be fallen.And if just judge the whole disturbed situation of frequency range, then can utilize main the index D of frequency place (jw, t, mean value τ) in the frequency range
Situation is judged over time, can obtain stability preferably like this, and wherein, N is selected frequency quantity.The linear differences of the receive frequency characteristic of two channels not influence index D (jw, t, stability τ), therefore the harmony to receive channel requires lower.
In window at the same time, two slave antenna signals are investigated frequency spectrum in the frequency band divided by after maximal value is done normalization separately, obtain the normalization frequency spectrum
With
There is under the situation of co-channel interference the normalization frequency spectrum
With
Between significant difference will appear.Do not exist and under the situation that multipath disturb to exist, certain difference also will appear in the normalization frequency spectrum, be that this species diversity is not remarkable in co-channel interference.Certainly, the difference of the receive frequency characteristic of two channels (mainly being caused by factors such as frequency are non-linear) also can cause the difference of normalization frequency spectrum, and this can solve by the harmony that improves receive channel.Therefore, under most of situation, the difference of normalization frequency spectrum also can be used as the important indicator of judging that co-channel interference and multipath disturb.
Not have with allos signal frequently in the space herein or the undesired signal of frequency allos is minimum together when may arrival bearing to each differentiating one by one when all not have to find, can judging with allos signal frequently.
D (the jw that same allos signal frequently causes
0, t, τ) the index fluctuation is fast-changing in time, under confirming not with frequency allos RST, if D is (jw
0, t τ) takes place in time than great fluctuation process, may be caused by two kinds of factors: one, and the variation of source position causes the variation of travel path and reflection, refraction path; Its two, the variation of propagation channel.But in the general electromagnetic environment, propagation channel can not take place to change fast, even change the propagation that yet just influences those less important multipath signals.Therefore, the principal element under the usual terms still is the variation of source position, can judge in view of the above whether emissive source is mobile emissive source.If emissive source is mobile emissive source, and sharply variation, then D (jw take place in all or part of path that causes propagating because of stopping of barrier in the moving process
0, t τ) saltus step will occur.When this rapid change procedure mainly occurred in travel path and barrier edge and crosses, after crossing, the path that is blocked or was blocked originally, the path that can reach became and can reach originally.And in the moving process other time, also can the taking place of travel path changes relatively slowly, causes D (jw
0, t, τ) appearance is gradual.Around this principle, can whether be that moving source is made judgement to emissive source.
Confirming that not having with frequency allos signal and emissive source is not under the situation of moving source, if D is (jw
0, t τ) takes place in time than great fluctuation process, then can only cause owing to communication environments changes.This can not take place under general communication environment.If but we construct the electromagnetic environment of a relative closure, and in wherein placing a radio signal source and one or more system of the present invention, we just may detect and whether occur new barrier in the environment and whether moving of barrier takes place.Certainly, the transmitting-receiving between radio signal source and the receiving system can adopt the frequency hopping mode to prevent external arrowband electromagnetic interference (EMI).
After the signal in the investigation frequency range has been done sufficient analysis, just can begin to carry out next step direction finding process.Technical scheme of the present invention focus on three key technical features: the one, adopt first antenna and second day line locking received signal, wherein, at least the first antenna is rotatable directional antenna; The 2nd, adopt the statistical study in short-term in the certain-length time window; The 3rd, utilize the ratio of the two statistical study value in short-term to finish analysis and direction finding.Because technical scheme utilization of the present invention is method for analyzing ratio, therefore, the concrete enforcement means of statistical study in short-term wherein are not to realize the essential features of technical solution of the present invention, except that adopting fourier spectrum analysis in short-term, can also adopt analysis means such as wavelet analysis, promptly carry out analysis on each yardstick in scale domain.
Traditional rotating antenna amplitude direction-finding method is subjected to multiple factor affecting, and there are very big limitation in direction finding precision and reliability.These factors comprise the variation as signal level in the rotary course, the interference of multipath transmisstion and same allos signal frequently etc., simultaneously classic method only considers that statistics maximal value, minimum value (being the big point of articulation and the little point of articulation) by signal determine arrival bearing, has limitation greatly.
Many antenna elements signal analysis and processing of the present invention and direction-finding system are on the basis of above-mentioned described signal analysis and processing, by to the combination of many antenna elements utilization and in conjunction with the directivity function of directional antenna signal being carried out direction finding as far as possible accurately.And the influence of eliminating multipath signal, obtain the orientation of direct signal, wherein a kind of main method is based on the amplitude direction-finding method of amplitude directivity function stack model regretional analysis, wherein, regretional analysis is optimization method a kind of of numerical analysis, also can adopt numerical analysis methods such as least square method at this.
According to aforementioned signal f
1(t), f
2(t) propagation model keeps the auxiliary certain angle of rotating antenna fixed directional, and roughly point to possible arrival bearing, and main rotating antenna is from certain angle θ=θ
0Beginning is with certain angular speed ω ' rotation.If the amplitude directivity function of main rotating antenna is
Consider the situation that main rotating antenna per second rotates a circle, if the time window of short time discrete Fourier transform is elected 1ms as, then the angle that turns over of time window internal antenna is 0.36 °, for general directivity function, in this process
Can regard a constant as, can certainly satisfy this condition better by the rotating speed or the shortening time window of the main rotating antenna that slows down.If with in the time window
Be considered as a constant, then the interior main rotating antenna of certain time window records the G of fourier spectrum in short-term of signal
1(jw, t τ) can approximate representation be:
It puts w at certain
0Place's spectrum value can be expressed as
And auxiliary rotating antenna records the short-term spectrum of signal at w
0Place's spectrum value still can be expressed as:
G
2(jw
0，t，τ)＝F
1(jw
0，t，τ)M′(w
0)+F
2(jw
0，t，τ)N′(w
0)
Still consider that two slave antenna measured signal short-term spectrum are at w in the time window
0Place's single-frequency point frequency spectrum ratio:
This ratio also can be represented with the logarithm difference.Here ratio D (jw
0, t, degree of functioning τ) is by G
2(jw
0, t, τ) decision can be set in the practice, if G
2(jw
0, t is τ) less than constant alpha
3, think that then this ratio does not have validity.This constant alpha
3Definite mode not unique, can be according to the actual measurement environmental selection, as being numerical value, perhaps be 1/4 etc. of this frequency signal spectrum assembly average greater than ground unrest 2～5db.
If do not exist in the space with frequency allos signal, i.e. f
2(t) also be f
1(t) multipath signal or f
2(t)=0, all be reduced to f at this
2(t)=0.Then the weighted stacking model is:
Here each arrival bearing's signal has three parameters: range coefficient K
1i, incoming wave orientation θ
1iWith T time delay
1i, wherein, range coefficient K
1iMay no longer reflect the original relative amplitude of signal in the space, but in downconversion process, be multiplied by some different coefficients.By setting up model, can utilize the optimization analysis method of numerical analysis to obtain optimum solution at the survey data.For example, can use the nonlinear optimization numerical analysis method real data that records to be carried out regretional analysis, thereby obtain accurate solution vector, also can try to achieve optimum solution with the numerical method of some other types at this according to above-mentioned model.Main rotating antenna is rotated a circle, just can record D (jw on all directions
0, t, one group of data τ) are a time window with 1ms for example, 1s rotates a circle and will record about 1000 data.According to the result of front signal analysis as can be known, when not existing co-channel interference and signal propagation path to stablize, the D (jw that records by main rotating antenna rotation
0, t, τ) data will be the cycle with 2 π on angle, in fact can rotate several weeks more, choose the ratio data curve that validity index higher data wherein constitutes each position angle correspondence then.By analysis to described data and curves, can estimate arrival bearing's number, and the corresponding amplitude of each direction incoming wave, orientation and time delay.For example, can estimate the envelope position and the amplitude of each arrival bearing's signal, generally get valuation within the specific limits arbitrarily for time-delay, and the time-delay of amplitude maximum path can be taken as 0 by the rotate a circle data that record of the stronger main rotating antenna of directivity.With arrival bearing's number of estimating dimension (being arrival bearing's number) as model, each parameter value of estimating is carried out the optimization computing as initial value substitution model, as adopt that the described nonlinear fitting algorithm of nlinfit () function carries out the optimization computing in the matlab software, just can obtain the error amount under optimum solution and the optimum solution.If error amount is bigger, the dimension that can increase model is further optimized, and conventional method is the estimated value that raw data is deducted the low-dimensional model, utilizes difference to estimate new possible incoming wave signal then.In this case, according to incoming wave signal optimum solution result over time, can judge also whether signal source is moving source.Require emphasis a bit, for T time delay of above-mentioned model solution
1iHave certain uncertainty, its value is with 2 π/ω
0Be the cycle, work as ω
0Hour, can be according to T
1iSpan get rid of periodically cause fuzzy, this also is the benefit that signal baseband is handled.
Obtained each arrival bearing's incoming wave orientation θ when us
1iWith T time delay
1iAfter, the function of position can realize singly standing firm.Its principle is summarized as follows: the supposition source position is A, and the native system position is B, and its launching site position of multipath signal of for once reflecting is C, and AB and BC angle are Δ θ, and Δ θ records, then
And | AC|+|BC|-|AB|=c Δ T, wherein c is the light velocity, Δ T is the delay inequality of BC and AB direction, Δ T also can be calculated by the front solving result, so if energy measurement obtains | the value of BC| just can obtain | the value of AB|, and the position angle of AB is known, has so just made the position of emissive source A.About | the measurement of BC| can be measured the position of the reverberation that intersects with the BC direction, can realize by physical distance measurement modes such as tacheometric surveys.
Do not having under the situation of co-channel interference, because the D (jw that records is at the uniform velocity rotated in the influence of multipath signal by main rotating antenna
0, t τ) rapid fluctuations of some high frequencies may occur, has influenced D (jw
0, t, the τ) slickness of curve also may impact regretional analysis simultaneously.Because the Fourier transform main value scope of reference direction figure curve and multipath superimposed curves thereof all is limited, therefore can be to D (jw
0, t, τ) data are carried out filtering, and those unnecessary components of filtering (generally being high fdrequency component) obtain comparatively smooth curve, and then carry out regretional analysis.
When co-channel interference exists, can obtain the data required by the method that frequency domain, spatial domain and time domain synthesis are chosen to one of them signal source direction finding.The feature of these class data is smoother, the feature of conformance with standard directional diagram curve and multipath superimposed curves thereof, and the error that regretional analysis obtains is less, model goodness of fit height.If the one group of data that obtains (not necessarily complete cycle) meet above-mentioned feature and just can be called coincidence detection one time.When co-channel interference existed, the frequency spectrum of two signal sources can overlap, but might be that part overlaps, and by the signal analysis of front, we can find out the part that does not overlap separately, and therefrom choose frequency and carry out direction finding.Be difficult to reach effect preferably if frequency domain is chosen, we can consider to utilize two secondary directional antennas to carry out the spatial domain to choose, and auxiliary rotating antenna and point to one of them signal source, and avoid the incoming wave of another signal source as far as possible.If the method that frequency domain, spatial domain are chosen is fall flat all, the method that we can comprehensively adopt frequency domain, spatial domain and time domain to choose.Promptly will assist rotating antenna to point to a more suitable position or employing omnidirectional antenna, at the uniform velocity repeatedly repeat to rotate main rotating antenna, each frequency w by preceding method
iD (the jw that measures
i, t, τ) curve is chosen, if a certain frequency component of homogenous frequency signal disappears or when minimum, just may obtain meeting D (jw, t, τ) curve data of direction finding requirement in certain period.Wherein frequency-domain analysis method also can replace with methods such as wavelet transformations.
With allos signal frequently exist but signal hour, can consider to D (jw equally
0, t, τ) data are carried out filtering, and the component of those high frequencies of filtering obtains comparatively smooth curve, and then carries out regretional analysis.And for this undesired signal with frequency allos, can be with D (jw
i, t, τ) direction (the pairing position angle of point of the instantaneous change amount of amplitude spectrum ratio maximum) of curve fluctuation maximum is as the maximum possible arrival bearing.
One of the preferred embodiments of the present invention:
In the present embodiment, mainly carry out signal analysis and signal source direction finding by the combination utilization of directional antenna and omnidirectional antenna.As shown in Figure 3, first antenna 1 can adopt difform directive antenna, but should be light portable.Paired cable 14 is used to transmit the different aerial signal of two-way.Anti-coupling support 16 is used to keep two slave antennas at different surface levels and make between the two and maintain a certain distance, and influences each other when preventing antenna receiving signal.Certainly, the design of antenna element 1 also can be used other modes, when for example directional antenna adopts the complex loop antenna, and can be with the output of boresight antenna in the complex loop antenna simultaneously as the output of No. one omnidirectional antenna.Handle 13 among Fig. 3 is convenient to hand-held direction finding, and support 15 is used to install directional antenna 11.It is crooked backward that anti-coupling support 16 also can certain radian, and bigger height is arranged, and when making hand-held this equipment of user, omnidirectional antenna 12 vertically is positioned at user's overhead.
Below making of this system is used as a simple declaration.The result filters out possible signal arrival bearing by hand-held direction-finding device wheel measuring, and directional antenna is pointed to these directions successively.Then, whether exist with allos signal frequently in each frequency short-term spectrum ratio stability analysis in time according to the measured signal of directional antenna and omnidirectional antenna.To receive signal certain arrival bearing relatively very little when directional antenna, thereby above-mentioned ratio is changed significantly and when being prone to system deviation, can receiving path to directional antenna and add fixing gain, perhaps get the ratio external reservoir with fixing multiple so that D (jw
0, t, τ) variation is remarkable relatively.If occur bigger fluctuation continuously and healthily in time, then think to have bigger same frequency allos signal; If it is very little to occur in time fluctuating, and this fluctuation diminishes when strengthening the time window width, illustrate that then there is not together allos signal or very little with frequency allos signal frequently in this direction; If most of the time index fluctuation is mild, at some bigger saltus step appears constantly only, and may this signal source be moving source then.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are result of experiment figure.In the experiment, three road warbled actual speech signal have been adopted, this three road voice signal all is inequality, wherein one the tunnel be modulated at a lower frequency range, in its passband, have only the interference of multipath signal to exist, two paths of signals is modulated at same higher frequency range in addition, constitutes co-channel interference mutually.Wherein the directional diagram of directional antenna has adopted the heart shape diagram of standard, and directivity function is f (θ)=k
0+ k
1Cos (θ), wherein, k
0, k
1Be constant, multipath reflection coefficient representative value is 0.5, and multipath signal arrival direction and direct signal arrival direction angle representative value are 45 degree.Figure 4 shows that each frequency short-term spectrum ratio D in two frequency ranges (jw, t, τ) time dependent maximum, minimum value in a period of time, maximal value is shown in solid line, minimum value is shown in dotted line.Wherein, (jw, t τ) have directly composed into null value less its short-term spectrum ratio of the frequency D of some spectral magnitudes.Among Fig. 5 the * line be depicted as than certain short-term spectrum ratio D of frequency place in the low-frequency range (jw, t, τ) time dependent situation, this frequency is owing to only be subjected to the influence that multipath disturbs, the index fluctuation is milder; Among Fig. 5 solid line be depicted as certain short-term spectrum ratio D of frequency place in the higher frequency band (jw, t, τ) time dependent situation, this frequency is owing to only exist co-channel interference, the index fluctuation is more violent.
Each may arrival bearing be differentiated when all not have to find with allos signal frequently one by one, and can judge does not have with allos signal frequently herein or the undesired signal of frequency allos is minimum together in the space.
If do not exist in the space with frequency allos signal, perhaps with the allos signal is very little frequently, by analysis that preamble is done, w in frequency band
0The frequency place has:
The signal of surveying when omnidirectional antenna wherein is at w
0When frequency place amplitude was zero or very little, this ratio lost validity, should provide the weak warning mark of signal.Owing to generally after aerial signal is down-converted to baseband signal, process w again
0Be worth generally very for a short time, and under the hand-held direction-finding equipment was used, the multipath signal time delay that relative amplitude is bigger was general also very little, so
Can be similar to and be taken as 1.Then:
At this moment, shown in Fig. 6 and 7, under at the uniform velocity rotation situation, D (jw
0, t, τ) curve can be considered the reference direction function and is formed by stacking with identical angle coefficient of dilatation with the skew of different range coefficients, different angles, in this case, can be relatively easy to obtain D (jw
0, t, τ) corresponding relation of data and aerial angle.Under non-at the uniform velocity rotation situation, if directivity function is taken as f (θ)=k
0+ k
1Cos (θ), stack result can be expressed as | k '
0+ k '
1Cos (θ-θ
0) |, can be reduced to the cosine form, wherein, k '
0, k '
1Be constant.Can utilize the corresponding relation of cosine function amplitude and angle this moment, obtains each D (jw
0, t
i, τ) corresponding aerial angle θ
i, i.e. D (jw
0, t, the corresponding aerial angle of point that τ) amplitude of curve is identical with the cosine function amplitude should be the angle value of cosine function at this some place, thereby still can obtain the exact solution of each arrival bearing's signal by the regretional analysis of model.
Two of the preferred embodiments of the present invention
General rotating antenna amplitude direction finding is subjected to the variation of signal level in multiple factor such as the rotary course, multipath signal and the influences such as interference of allos signal frequently together, and only consider that the statistics maximum of signal or minimum value (being the big point of articulation and the little point of articulation) determine arrival bearing, have big limitation.
In the present embodiment, main rotating antenna rotates in time, and auxiliary rotating antenna (aiming at arrival bearing substantially) or omnidirectional antenna maintain static, and notes down the signal level that each antenna records and the angle position of main rotating antenna synchronously.
Under mono signal (no multipath signal influence) condition, two slave antenna measured signal short-term spectrum are at frequency w in each time window
0The single-frequency point frequency spectrum ratio D (jw of place
0, t
i, τ) with the angular position of main rotating antenna
iConstitute the directional diagram of main rotating antenna in theory.Exist and with under the non-existent condition of allos signal frequently, above-mentioned operation result can be thought the weighted stacking of a plurality of directional diagrams at multipath signal.By setting up model, and utilize optimization method that model is carried out regretional analysis, can obtain the exact solution of each arrival bearing's signal.
When co-channel interference exists, can obtain the data required by the method that frequency domain, spatial domain and time domain synthesis are chosen to one of them signal source direction finding.
Three of the preferred embodiments of the present invention
Under mono signal (or the multipath signal influence is very little) condition, also can measure arrival bearing, with two secondary directional antenna rough alignment arrival bearings, opened with certain angle between two directional antennas by the fixedly utilization of omnidirectional antenna and two secondary directional antennas.By prior demarcation, when directional antenna was aimed at arrival bearing, the synchronous measured signal short-term spectrum of directional antenna and omnidirectional antenna was at frequency w
0Place's frequency spectrum ratio is D, and when the signal incoming wave departed from directional antenna forward angle θ, ratio was
Wherein,
Be directivity function, and
The symmetry of considering records the signal short-term spectrum at w synchronously according to two secondary directional antennas and omnidirectional antenna
0Place's frequency spectrum ratio can unique definite arrival bearing.This application is suitable for single small-signal and wink signals.
Claims (12)
1. antenna element signal analysis treating method more than a kind is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1 adopts first antenna and second day line locking received signal, and at least the first antenna is a directional antenna, and two slave antennas have different directivity;
Step 2, the signal that first antenna and second day line locking are received carries out the statistical study in short-term in the certain-length time window respectively, obtain the ratio of the statistical study value in short-term of the two at an analysis site place in corresponding analysis territory, wherein, the adjustable in length of described time window, and greater than the longest multidiameter delay of all signals;
Step 3 is determined the composition and/or the interference strength of signal according to the variation characteristic of described ratio.
2. many antenna elements signal analysis treating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, determine in the step 3 that the method that signal is formed is, if described ratio does not change in time substantially, then on described analysis site, only there is a signal source, described signal is the direct signal and the multipath signal of signal source, perhaps only is the direct signal of signal source; If variation and/or described ratio then exist on described analysis site with frequency allos signal for the basic insensitivity of time window length described ratio fast in time; And/or if the step evolution saltus step takes place described ratio in time, then signal source is the different signal source of moving source or a plurality of simplexs.
3. many antenna elements signal analysis treating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 3, according to the statistical value σ of characterization signal fluctuation size
2The suffered interference intensity of measured signal, σ
2Account form be:
Wherein,
D (δ, t
j, τ) be the ratio that calculates at an analysis site δ place at j time window according to step 2; J is a natural number, and 1≤j≤M, M are the natural number greater than 1; When statistical value greater than constant C
1The time, then described signal must exist with frequency allos signal.
4. the method for antenna element signal direction-finding more than a kind is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1 adopts first and second days line locking received signals, wherein, first antenna is rotatable directional antenna, and the sensing of described first antenna can relatively independently be adjusted, and second antenna is omnidirectional antenna or points to fixing directional antenna, when received signal, make the rotation of first antenna;
Step 2, the signal Synchronization that first and second days line lockings are received is carried out the statistical study in short-term in the certain-length time window, obtain the ratio of the statistical study value in short-term of the two at an analysis site place of analysis domain, wherein, the length of described time window is greater than the long delay of all multipath signals;
Step 3 is determined ratio and azimuthal corresponding relation, and obtains ratio in view of the above about azimuthal data and curves.
5. many antenna elements signal direction-finding method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises following step 4:
Step 4, estimate possible arrival bearing's number according to described data and curves, and each arrival bearing's signal parameter, and each value that will determine is as initial value, utilize the weighted stacking model of the directivity function of first antenna to utilize the optimization method of numerical analysis to find the solution, obtain the optimum optimization value of arrival bearing's number and each arrival bearing's signal parameter the data and curves that records.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described many antenna elements signal direction-finding methods, it is characterized in that, in step 3, the validity of the described ratio of the pH-value determination pH of statistical study in short-term of the signal that receives according to second antenna at first is if the statistical study value in short-term of the signal that second antenna receives is less than constant alpha
3, then described ratio does not have validity; Then, according to the size of validity, from same azimuthal each ratio data of the resulting correspondence of intermittent scanning repeatedly, select the strongest data of validity to constitute ratio about azimuthal data and curves.
7. according to claim 4 or 5 described many antenna elements signal direction-finding methods, it is characterized in that described first antenna adopts k
0+ k
1The directivity function of cos (θ) form, wherein, k
0, k
1Be constant, θ is the position angle; In step 3, earlier described data and curves is reduced to the cosine function form, the corresponding relation according to cosine function amplitude and angle obtains and the corresponding aerial angle of each amplitude spectrum ratio again.
8. many antenna elements signal direction-finding method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in step 4, earlier described ratio data curve carried out filtering and estimates possible arrival bearing's number again, and each arrival bearing's signal parameter.
9. antenna element signal analysis and processing, direction-finding system more than one kind, comprise antenna element, receiving element, data processing unit and display unit, it is characterized in that: described antenna element comprises at least two slave antennas, having a pair in all antennas at least is directional antenna, and the sensing of each directional antenna can relatively independently be adjusted; The signal that described antenna records separately all inputs to by described receiving element and carries out the Synchronization Analysis processing in the data processing unit, described data processing unit to directional antenna and another day the signal Synchronization that receives of line locking carry out statistical study in short-term in the certain-length time window, obtain the ratio of the statistical study value in short-term of the two at an analysis site place in corresponding analysis territory, wherein, the length of described time window is greater than the longest multidiameter delay of all signals; The result of described data processing unit analyzing and processing inputs to display unit and exports demonstration.
10. many antenna elements signal analysis and processing according to claim 9, direction-finding system is characterized in that: described antenna element comprises the double antenna combination that is made of a secondary directional antenna and a secondary omnidirectional antenna.
11. many antenna elements signal according to claim 9 divides analyzing and processing, direction-finding system, it is characterized in that, the length of described time window is greater than 4 microseconds.
12. according to claim 9,10 or 11 described many antenna elements signal analysis and processing, direction-finding system, it is characterized in that, described receiving element also comprises mixting circuit and is controlled by the phase-locked loop of described data processing unit, each signal that inputs to receiving element inputs to described mixting circuit earlier and carries out down coversion step by step, form and corresponding baseband signal separately, each baseband signal inputs to data processing unit again and carries out statistical study in short-term; Described data processing unit is when beginning to carry out statistical study in short-term, send the local oscillation signal phase-locked signal to described receiving element, stop the tracking acquisition procedure of phase-locked loop, to keep each signal is carried out the frequency and the phase invariant of the local oscillation signal of down coversion to the signal frequency phase place.
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| CN112243192A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-19 | 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 | Communication path determination method, measurement device and measurement controller for millimeter wave signals |
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| CN110794362A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-14 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Short-pulse high-power microwave rapid direction finding system and method |
| CN110794362B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Short-pulse high-power microwave rapid direction finding system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011085629A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
| CN202066959U (en) | 2011-12-07 |
| CN102147455B (en) | 2013-02-20 |
| CN102792177A (en) | 2012-11-21 |
| CN102792177B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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