CN102142803B - Starting circuit and starting method for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Starting circuit and starting method for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102142803B CN102142803B CN2010106196775A CN201010619677A CN102142803B CN 102142803 B CN102142803 B CN 102142803B CN 2010106196775 A CN2010106196775 A CN 2010106196775A CN 201010619677 A CN201010619677 A CN 201010619677A CN 102142803 B CN102142803 B CN 102142803B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a starting circuit for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises N windings, wherein the starting circuit comprises N windings, N electronic switches used for converting alternating current into discontinuous positive current or discontinuous negative current, a control module and a detection module used for detecting the position of a rotor and connected with the control module, the N windings are wound on salient pole iron core teeth of a stator of the motor in a mode that the phase difference between the two adjacent windings is 360/2N degrees in space, the windings and the electronic switches are connected with two ends of an alternating current power supply in series in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the control module controls the alternate work of the N electronic switches according to the position of the rotor so that the N windings form a rotating magnetic field in a gap to drive the rotor to rotate, and N is a natural number larger than 1. The invention does not need complex rectification, inversion circuit and control algorithm, omits a frequency converter with complex control program and circuit, and reduces the driving cost of the motor.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of start-up circuit, particularly a kind of start-up circuit and starting method of controlling permagnetic synchronous motor.
[background technology]
At present, the permanent magnet synchronous AC machine rotor adopts NdFeB material, and stator is common ac motor structure, for example, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises rotating shaft A1, rotor A 2, stator A3 the permanent magnet synchronous AC machine, rotor A 2 is set on the rotating shaft A1, and stator A3 is set in the outside of rotor A 2; Rotor A 2 is permanent magnet pole, and its N, the S utmost point half-and-half and symmetrically distribute; Stator A3 is that the salient pole of interior dentation is unshakable in one's determination, is provided with a plurality of salient pole core tooth A301, and stator A3 is connected with the normal operation circuit.At present, driving permagnetic synchronous motor need be with special frequency converter, at present the general ac-dc-ac inverter device that is based on the supercomputing kernel of employing, it is fast that this frequency converter has computational speed, the advantages such as expanded function is strong have the manufacturing cost height, humorous wave interference is large, the shortcomings such as control algolithm complexity simultaneously.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of start-up circuit of controlling permagnetic synchronous motor, and control circuit and control algolithm are simple, greatly reduce cost.
Above-mentioned technical problem solves by the following technical programs:
A kind of start-up circuit of controlling permagnetic synchronous motor, it is characterized in that, described motor includes N winding, start-up circuit comprises N for the electronic switch of the negative current of the positive current that alternating current is changed into interruption or interruption, one control module and one is for detection of described rotor-position and the detection module that is connected with described control module, a described N winding spatially differs the mode solderless wrapped connection of 360/2N degree on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor with two adjacent windings, winding and electronic switch be the corresponding two ends that in series are connected on AC power one by one, described control module takes turns to operate so that N winding forms rotating magnetic field to drive the rotation of rotor in the space according to Position Control N electronic switch of described rotor, and N is the natural number greater than 1.
The quantity of the quantity of described winding, the quantity of connecting valve and electronic switch is two groups, and described two windings are spatially to differ the 90 mode solderless wrapped connections of spending on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor.
The quantity of the quantity of described winding, the quantity of connecting valve and electronic switch is three groups, and described three windings spatially differ the mode solderless wrapped connection of 60 degree on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor with two adjacent windings.
Also be connected with a connecting valve that controlled by described control module between described winding and the described electronic switch.
The start-up circuit that the present invention controls permagnetic synchronous motor need not complicated rectification, inverter circuit and complicated control algolithm, utilize the magnetic field of rotor fixedly to know the magnetic field position of rotor and then control taking turns to operate of electronic switch with the relative of rotor, so that winding produces the rotating magnetic field of rotating speed from increasing gradually well below synchronous rotary magnetic field in motor, ceaselessly produce forward to rotor that torsional moment starts rotor fast, switch to again common Alternating Current Power Supply pattern and make motor stabilizing operate in synchronous regime.
Concrete scheme for single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor is, the quantity of the quantity of described winding, the quantity of connecting valve and electronic switch is two, described two windings with the mode solderless wrapped connections that spatially differ 90 degree on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor.
Concrete scheme for three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is, the quantity of the quantity of described winding, the quantity of connecting valve and electronic switch is three, and described three windings spatially differ the mode solderless wrapped connection of 60 degree on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor with two adjacent windings.
The present invention also provides a kind of starting method of controlling described permagnetic synchronous motor simultaneously, it is characterized in that, detect the position of this rotor and then confirm the magnetic field position that rotor produces according to detection module, the magnetic field position that produces by rotor is controlled N and is used for that alternating current is changed into the positive current of interruption or the negative current of interruption takes turns to operate with the electronic switch compartment of terrain that is given to corresponding winding, the magnetic direction that produces whenever one of them winding with the magnetic direction of rotor generation in the same way the time correspondingly electronic switch quit work, electronic switch corresponding to adjacent winding with the next one started working, the negative current that one ground changes into positive current or the interruption of interruption selected alternating current by electronic switch in its each operation range, and N electronic switch all is the negative current that alternately alternating current is changed into positive current and the interruption of interruption in start-up course, in air gap, to produce rotating magnetic field, ceaselessly produce forward torsional moment to rotor.
In the negative current process of the positive current that alternating current is changed into interruption and interruption, the frequency of the positive current of interruption and the negative current of interruption is to increase gradually to drive safely rotor.
The quantity of described winding and the quantity of electronic switch are two groups or three groups.
The present invention controls the starting method of permagnetic synchronous motor, the magnetic field that utilizes rotor and rotor relative knows that fixedly the magnetic field position of rotor controls taking turns to operate of electronic switch, so that winding produces the rotating magnetic field of rotating speed from increasing gradually well below synchronous rotary magnetic field in motor, ceaselessly producing forward to rotor, torsional moment starts rotor fast; This method need not complicated control algolithm, removes the frequency converter with complex control program and circuit from, reduces the motor-driven cost.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor in the background technology;
Fig. 2 is the solderless wrapped connection schematic diagram of the main winding and auxiliary winding of embodiment one single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of embodiment one start-up circuit;
Fig. 4 forms schematic diagram for the positive current of being interrupted;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the logical positive electricity of main winding of embodiment one start-up circuit;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the logical positive electricity of auxiliary winding of embodiment one start-up circuit;
Fig. 7 is a kind of normal circuit figure of embodiment one single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor;
Fig. 8 is the solderless wrapped connection schematic diagram of three windings of embodiment one three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor;
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of embodiment two start-up circuits.
[embodiment]
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, it comprises rotating shaft 1, rotor 2, stator 3, and rotor 2 is set in the rotating shaft 1, and stator 3 is set in the outside of rotor 2; This rotor is permanent magnet pole, it is provided with the S magnetic pole of two adjacent arrangements and the N magnetic pole of two adjacent arrangements altogether, two S magnetic poles and two N magnetic poles distribute symmetrically, certainly, the S magnetic pole of three symmetrical adjacent arrangements and the N magnetic pole of three adjacent arrangements can be set also; The salient pole that this stator 3 is interior dentation is unshakable in one's determination, is provided with altogether 24 salient pole core tooth 301; Wherein, main winding 4 and auxiliary winding 5 are spatially to differ the 90 mode solderless wrapped connections of spending on the salient pole core tooth 301 of this stator.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of start-up circuit be used to controlling above-mentioned single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, this start-up circuit comprises that one is used for alternating current is changed into the first electronic switch 601 of the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption, one is used for alternating current is changed into the second electronic switch 602 of the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption, one first connecting valve 603, one second connecting valve 604, one control module and one is for detection of this rotor-position and the detection module that is connected with this control module, this control module is controlled the first electronic switch 601, the second electronic switch 602, the first connecting valve 603 and the second connecting valve 604, the first electronic switch 601, the first connecting valve 603 and main winding 4 in series are connected on the two ends of AC power, the second electronic switch 602, the second connecting valve 604 and auxiliary winding 5 in series are connected on the two ends of AC power; This control module by rotor Position Control the first electronic switch 601 and the second electronic switch 602 takes turns to operate so that main winding 4 and auxiliary winding 5 form rotating magnetic field to drive the rotation of rotor in the space.
A kind of starting method be used to controlling above-mentioned single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor: detect the position of this rotor and then the magnetic field position of affirmation rotor according to detection module, control for the first electronic switch 601 of the negative current of the positive current that alternating current is changed into interruption or interruption and the second electronic switch 602 compartment of terrains of being used for alternating current is changed into the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption take turns to operate by the magnetic field position of rotor, the magnetic direction that produces whenever one of them winding with the magnetic direction of rotor generation in the same way the time correspondingly electronic switch quit work, the electronic switch corresponding with next winding started working, the negative current (being that main winding 4 and auxiliary winding 5 are to select the negative current that a ground leads to positive current or the interruption of interruption in each energization interval) that one ground changes into positive current or the interruption of interruption selected alternating current by the first electronic switch 601 and the second electronic switch 602 in each operation range, in whole start-up course, the first electronic switch 601 and the second electronic switch 602 all are the negative currents (being that main winding 4 and auxiliary winding 5 all are the negative currents that alternately leads to positive current and the interruption of interruption) that alternately alternating current is changed into positive current and the interruption of interruption, in air gap, to produce rotating magnetic field, ceaselessly produce forward torsional moment to rotor; When just starting, the frequency of the positive current of the interruption that converts and the negative current of interruption is smaller, be far smaller than the rotating speed in 50Hz synchronous rotary magnetic field by the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field of its generation, so that start safely rotor, the frequency of the positive current of then increase being interrupted gradually and the negative current of interruption, and the rotating magnetic field that generation is accelerated gradually in air gap, rotor driven accelerates gradually, when the rotating speed of rotor reaches preset value, control that the first electronic switch 601 and the second electronic switch 602 block and motor is switched to the common Alternating Current Power Supply pattern of 50Hz, make motor stabilizing operate in synchronous regime.
As shown in Figure 4, the positive current of being interrupted is certain part electric current formation of obtaining alternating current by the break-make of electronic switch, the waveform of positive current also can be a complete positive half wave, the negative current that is interrupted also is formation like this, is in the frequency of positive current of interruption of state two greater than the frequency of the positive current of the interruption that is in state one.
Be described in detail in conjunction with the startup to motor of above-mentioned control circuit and control method:
Motor the startup stage, this control module is controlled the first connecting valve 603 and the second connecting valve 604, the first connecting valves 603 and the second connecting valve 604 and all is communicated with;
1) as shown in Figure 5, the magnetic direction Fr that produces according to the location confirmation rotor 2 of detection module detection rotor, control module is exported the working signal of the first electronic switch 601,601 work of the first electronic switch, main winding 4 is connected with the positive current of interruption, at this moment, the magnetic direction Fr of the magnetic direction Fs that stator 3 produces in air gap and rotor 2 generations differs 90 angles, rotor 2 driven being rotated counterclockwise;
2) as shown in Figure 6, when the detection module detection rotor turns over 90 degree counterclockwise, at this moment, when magnetic direction Fs and magnetic direction Fr reach poised state (namely in the same way), control module is suspended the control signal of output the first electronic switch 601, the first electronic switch 601 is not worked and is in the state that blocks fully, main winding 4 no powers, export simultaneously the working signal of the second electronic switch 602,602 work of the second electronic switch, auxiliary winding 5 logical positive currents of being interrupted, the magnetic direction Fr that the magnetic direction Fs that stator 3 produces in air gap and rotor 2 produce differs 90 degree, and rotor 2 continues by former direction rotation;
3) when turning over 90 counterclockwise, the detection module detection rotor spends, at this moment, reach new poised state, control module is suspended the working signal of output the second electronic switch 602, auxiliary winding 5 is not worked and is in the state that blocks fully, exports simultaneously the working signal of the first electronic switch 601, and main winding 4 is connected with the negative current of interruption, the magnetic direction Fr that the magnetic direction Fs that stator 3 produces in air gap and rotor 2 produce differs 90 degree, and rotor 2 continues by former direction rotation;
4) when turning over 90 counterclockwise, the detection module detection rotor spends, at this moment, again reach new poised state control module, control module is suspended the working signal of output the first electronic switch 601, main winding 4 is not worked and is in the state that blocks fully, export simultaneously the working signal of the second electronic switch 602, the auxiliary winding 5 logical negative currents that are interrupted, the magnetic direction Fr that the magnetic direction Fs that stator 3 produces in air gap and rotor 2 produce differs 90 degree, rotor 2 continues by former direction rotation 90 degree, and another reaches new poised state;
5) repeat above-mentioned steps 1), 2), 3) and 4), the magnetic direction that produces whenever one of them winding with the magnetic direction of rotor generation in the same way the time correspondingly electronic switch quit work, electronic switch corresponding to adjacent winding with the next one started working, in air gap, to produce rotating magnetic field, ceaselessly produce forward torsional moment to rotor; In the negative current process of the positive current that changes into interruption and interruption, the frequency of the positive current of interruption and the negative current of interruption is to increase gradually to drive safely rotor.As seen, produce forward rotating magnetic field must main winding 4 and auxiliary winding 5 take turns flow-thru electrode, main winding 4 and auxiliary winding 5 are to select the negative current that a ground leads to positive current or the interruption of interruption in each energization interval, and in whole start-up course, main winding 4 and auxiliary winding 5 all are the negative currents that alternately leads to positive current and the interruption of interruption.
This motor also is connected with the synchronous working circuit, wherein, as shown in Figure 7, a kind of normal operation circuit of motor is, main winding 4 is serially connected in the two ends of single phase alternating current power supply in addition by the 3rd connecting valve 605 of a controlled module controls, the 3rd connecting valve 605 and the first electronic switch 601 that is connected in series, the first connecting valve 603 forms in parallel, auxiliary winding 5 in addition one the 4th connecting valve 606 by serial connection and an electric capacity 7 is serially connected in two ends at single phase alternating current power supply, the second electronic switch 602 of serial connection, the second connecting valve 604 and the 4th connecting valve that is connected in series, one electric capacity forms parallel connection.When rotor 2 speed are accelerated to preset value, can in detection module, increase the function of measuring spinner velocity, this control module is controlled the first connecting valve 603, the 3rd connecting valve 605, the second connecting valve 604 and the 4th connecting valve 606, the 3rd connecting valve 605 and the 4th connecting valve 606 are communicated with, the first connecting valve 603 and the second connecting valve 604 disconnect, provide normal civil power to motor, motor is by method of synchronization running.
Embodiment two
Different from embodiment one is, this permagnetic synchronous motor is three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, and three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and the difference of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor are that winding quantity and the synchronous working power supply of rotor is different; As shown in Figure 8, a kind of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, it comprises three windings: winding A, winding B and winding C, winding A, winding B and winding C spatially differ the mode solderless wrapped connection of 60 degree on the salient pole core tooth 301 of this stator 3 with two adjacent windings.
As shown in Figure 9, a kind of start-up circuit be used to controlling above-mentioned three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, this start-up circuit comprises that one is used for alternating current is changed into the electronic switch A1 of the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption, one is used for alternating current is changed into the electronic switch B1 of the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption, one is used for alternating current is changed into the electronic switch C1 of the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption, one connecting valve A2, one connecting valve B2, one connecting valve C2, one control module and one is for detection of this rotor-position and the detection module that is connected with this control module, this control module control electronic switch A1, electronic switch B1, electronic switch C1 one connecting valve A2, one connecting valve B2 and a connecting valve C2, electronic switch A1, connecting valve A2 and winding A in series are connected on the two ends of single phase alternating current power supply, electronic switch B1, connecting valve B2 and winding B in series are connected on the two ends of single phase alternating current power supply, electronic switch C1, connecting valve C2 and winding C in series are connected on the two ends of single phase alternating current power supply; This control module by rotor Position Control the first electronic switch 601 and the second electronic switch 602 takes turns to operate so that winding A, winding B and winding C form rotating magnetic field to drive the rotation of rotor in the space.
A kind of starting method be used to controlling above-mentioned three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor: detect the position of this rotor and then the magnetic field position of affirmation rotor according to detection module, control electronic switch A1 for the negative current of the positive current that alternating current is changed into interruption or interruption by the magnetic field position of rotor, the electronic switch C1 compartment of terrain that is used for the electronic switch B1 and being used for that alternating current changes into the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption is changed into alternating current the negative current of the positive current of interruption or interruption takes turns to operate, the magnetic direction that produces whenever one of them winding with the magnetic direction of rotor generation in the same way the time correspondingly electronic switch quit work, electronic switch corresponding to adjacent winding with the next one started working, winding A, winding B, winding C is to select the negative current that a ground leads to positive current or the interruption of interruption in each energization interval, in whole start-up course, winding A, winding B and winding C are the negative currents that alternately leads to positive current and the interruption of interruption, in air gap, to produce rotating magnetic field, ceaselessly produce forward torsional moment to rotor; When just starting, the frequency of negative current that spreads out of the positive current of the interruption of coming and interruption through alternating current is smaller, be far smaller than the rotating speed in synchronous rotary magnetic field by the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field of its generation, so that start safely rotor, the frequency of the positive current of then increase being interrupted gradually and the negative current of interruption, and the rotating magnetic field that generation is accelerated gradually in air gap, rotor driven accelerates gradually, when the rotating speed of rotor reaches preset value, control electronic switch A1, electronic switch B1 and electronic switch C1 block and motor are switched to common three-phase alternating-current powered pattern, make motor stabilizing operate in synchronous regime.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, based on simple replacement above-described embodiment, that do not make creative work, should belong to the scope that the present invention discloses.
Claims (7)
1. start-up circuit of controlling permagnetic synchronous motor, it is characterized in that, described motor includes N winding, start-up circuit comprises N for the electronic switch of the negative current of the positive current that alternating current is changed into interruption or interruption, one control module and one is for detection of rotor-position and the detection module that is connected with described control module, a described N winding spatially differs the mode solderless wrapped connection of 360/2N degree on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor with two adjacent windings, winding and electronic switch be the corresponding two ends that in series are connected on AC power one by one, described control module takes turns to operate according to Position Control N electronic switch of described rotor: the magnetic direction that produces whenever one of them winding with the magnetic direction of rotor generation in the same way the time correspondingly electronic switch quit work, electronic switch corresponding to adjacent winding with the next one started working, the negative current that one ground changes into positive current or the interruption of interruption selected alternating current by electronic switch in its each operation range, and N electronic switch all is the negative current that alternately alternating current is changed into positive current and the interruption of interruption in start-up course; So that N winding forms rotating magnetic field to drive the rotation of rotor in the space, N is the natural number greater than 1.
2. start-up circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the quantity of the quantity of described winding, the quantity of connecting valve and electronic switch is two groups, and described two windings are spatially to differ the 90 mode solderless wrapped connections of spending on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor.
3. start-up circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the quantity of the quantity of described winding, the quantity of connecting valve and electronic switch is three groups, and described three windings spatially differ the mode solderless wrapped connection of 60 degree on the salient pole core tooth of the stator of described motor with two adjacent windings.
4. according to claim 1 to the described start-up circuit of 3 any one, it is characterized in that, also be connected with a connecting valve that controlled by described control module between described winding and the described electronic switch.
5. utilize the described a kind of method of controlling the start-up circuit starter motor of permagnetic synchronous motor of claim 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, detect the position of this rotor and then the magnetic field position of affirmation rotor according to detection module, control by the magnetic field position of rotor that N is used for that alternating current is changed into the positive current of interruption or the negative current of interruption takes turns to operate with the electronic switch compartment of terrain that is given to corresponding winding, the magnetic direction that produces whenever one of them winding with the magnetic direction of rotor generation in the same way the time correspondingly electronic switch quit work, electronic switch corresponding to adjacent winding with the next one started working, the negative current that one ground changes into positive current or the interruption of interruption selected alternating current by electronic switch in its each operation range, and N electronic switch all is the negative current that alternately alternating current is changed into positive current and the interruption of interruption in start-up course, in air gap, to produce rotating magnetic field, ceaselessly produce forward torsional moment to rotor.
6. the method for starter motor according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the negative current process of the positive current that alternating current is changed into interruption and interruption, the frequency of the positive current of interruption and the negative current of interruption is to increase gradually to drive safely rotor.
7. the method for starter motor according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the quantity of described winding and the quantity of electronic switch are two groups or three groups.
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| CN2010106196775A CN102142803B (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2010-12-31 | Starting circuit and starting method for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| CN2010106196775A CN102142803B (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2010-12-31 | Starting circuit and starting method for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| CN102142803B true CN102142803B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
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| CN111669000B (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-09-21 | 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 | Control circuit of rotor, rotor assembly, motor and compressor |
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| CN101022259A (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-08-22 | 王双喜 | Brushless electric machine starting control circuit |
| CN201048361Y (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-04-16 | 赵月新 | Electronic start switch for single-phase AC motor |
| CN201211689Y (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2009-03-25 | 布莱克和戴克公司 | Soft startup of electric tool motor |
| CN101807871A (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-18 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Start circuit and start method for single phase AC motor |
| CN101820190A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-09-01 | 王铂仕 | Motor with strong weak air-gap field in alternative distribution |
| CN201976057U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-14 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Starting circuit for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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2010
- 2010-12-31 CN CN2010106196775A patent/CN102142803B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201211689Y (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2009-03-25 | 布莱克和戴克公司 | Soft startup of electric tool motor |
| CN101022259A (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-08-22 | 王双喜 | Brushless electric machine starting control circuit |
| CN201048361Y (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-04-16 | 赵月新 | Electronic start switch for single-phase AC motor |
| CN101807871A (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-18 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Start circuit and start method for single phase AC motor |
| CN101820190A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-09-01 | 王铂仕 | Motor with strong weak air-gap field in alternative distribution |
| CN201976057U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-14 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Starting circuit for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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