CN102142789B - Displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor and working method thereof - Google Patents
Displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102142789B CN102142789B CN 201110085303 CN201110085303A CN102142789B CN 102142789 B CN102142789 B CN 102142789B CN 201110085303 CN201110085303 CN 201110085303 CN 201110085303 A CN201110085303 A CN 201110085303A CN 102142789 B CN102142789 B CN 102142789B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor which mainly comprises a motor stator with a centre hole and a motor rotor penetrating in the center hole, wherein the motor stator mainly comprises a stator shell as well as a radial groove and an axial groove which are arranged on the stator shell; the radial groove and the axial groove are radially arranged and axially arranged along the center hole respectively; one end of the radial groove is communicated with the center hole; the left side or right side of the radial groove is provided with a spring groove communicated with the radial groove; the axial groove is positioned on the right side or left side of the radial groove and communicated with the radial groove; a radial piezoelectric strip is arranged inthe radial groove; an axial piezoelectric strip is arranged in the axial groove; and a spring is arranged in the spring groove. The invention also discloses a working method of the displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor. The displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor disclosed by the invention has the advantages of large thrust, high efficiency, low loss, high speed and long service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of location of the various occasions such as accurate measurement, metering, business automation equipment, industrial electrical equipment, household electrical appliance, robot, automobile, aerospace equipment and displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor and method of work thereof of driving of being applicable to.
Background technology
Ultrasonic linear motor is to utilize the piezoelectric crystal to issue living deformation in External Electrical Field, produces straight-line motor as actuating force.This ultrasonic linear motor has following characteristics:
1, it does not need as other kind linear electric motors, is to be subject to electrodynamic principle according to current－carrying conductor in magnetic field, and electric energy is converted to straight-line mechanical energy.
2, do not have stator and mover the part coil and iron core, simple in structure, volume is little, lightweight, easily manufactured.
3, not affected by magnetic fields, do not generate electromagnetic waves.
4, moment is large, response is fast, but low cruise, and speed is easy to control.
5, step pitch is little, precision is high.
Ultrasonic linear motor is applicable to location and the driving of the various occasions such as accurate measurement, metering, business automation equipment, industrial electrical equipment, household electrical appliance, robot, automobile, aerospace equipment.
The operation principle of ultrasonic linear motor is to utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric.If piezoelectric crystal is placed external electric field, because electric field action can cause crystals positive and negative charge displacement of center of gravity, this polarization displacement causes again crystal generation deformation.If the polarity of extra electric field is consistent with the polarised direction of piezoelectrics, then the length of piezoelectrics and electric field vertical direction increases; Otherwise, when the polarity of extra electric field opposite with the polarised direction of piezoelectrics, the contraction in length of piezoelectrics and electric field vertical direction then.After removing electric field, piezoelectrics return to normal.Repeatedly apply electric field and remove electric field to piezoelectrics, piezoelectrics will repeatedly produce displacement.This displacement is exactly the power of ultrasonic linear motor.
But existing ultrasonic linear motor is because structure and power transfer mode, has that thrust is little, efficient is low, loss is large, the life-span is short, speed waits defective slowly, needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, provide that a kind of thrust is large, efficient is high, loss is little, speed is fast, the displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor of long service life.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method of work based on above-mentioned displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor, main by the motor stator that is provided with centre bore and run through the electric mover that is arranged in the centre bore and consist of, it is characterized in that, described motor stator mainly is made of stator case and the radial groove and the axial notch that are arranged on the stator case, and described radial groove and axial notch are along centre bore respectively and radially arrange and axially arrange; Described radial groove one end is connected with centre bore, and the left side of radial groove or right side are provided with coupled logical spring groove; Axial notch is positioned at right side or the left side of radial groove, and is connected with radial groove; Be provided with radially piezoelectricity bar in the described radial groove, be provided with axial piezoelectricity bar in the axial notch, be provided with spring in the spring groove; Described radial groove also is communicated with radially arm of force chamber and radial displacement enlarged cavity successively away from an end of centre bore, radially be provided with an end and the contacted radially arm of force of piezoelectricity bar radially in the arm of force chamber, radially the other end of the arm of force radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar interior with being arranged on the radial displacement enlarged cavity contacts; Described axial notch also is communicated with axial arm of force chamber and axial displacement enlarged cavity successively away from an end of radial groove, axially be provided with an end and the axial contacted axial arm of force of piezoelectricity bar in the arm of force chamber, axially the other end of the arm of force axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar interior with being arranged on the axial displacement enlarged cavity contacts; Described radially piezoelectricity bar comprises radially piezoelectricity bar and right side piezoelectricity bar radially of a left side, axially the piezoelectricity bar comprises left axially piezoelectricity bar and right axially piezoelectricity bar, spring one comprises left spring one and right spring one described radial groove, be arranged on the spring groove in radial groove left side, be arranged on the radial groove right side axial notch, be arranged in the radial groove a left side radially the piezoelectricity bar, be arranged on the left axially piezoelectricity bar in the axial notch and the left spring one that is arranged in the spring groove consists of left Drive Structure; Described radial groove, be arranged on the radial groove right side spring groove, be arranged on radial groove left side axial notch, be arranged in the radial groove the right side radially the piezoelectricity bar, be arranged on the right axially piezoelectricity bar in the axial notch and the right spring one that is arranged in the spring groove consists of right Drive Structure; Described left Drive Structure and right Drive Structure all are at least one; The axis in described radially arm of force chamber is respectively perpendicular to the axis of radial groove and radial displacement enlarged cavity, and radially is provided with the radial load arm axle in the arm of force chamber, and radially the arm of force is set on the radial load arm axle and can rotates around it; The axis difference groove perpendicular to axial direction in axial arm of force chamber and the axis of axial displacement enlarged cavity, and axially be provided with the axial force arm axle in the arm of force chamber, axially the arm of force is set on the axial force arm axle and can rotates around it; Described radial groove is away from the outer recessed formation draw-in groove of an end of centre bore, and radially the piezoelectricity bar consists of fixture block away from an end evagination of centre bore, and described fixture block is arranged in the draw-in groove, and also is provided with spring two between an end end face of the close centre bore of fixture block and the draw-in groove.
Only set up left Drive Structure or right Drive Structure when motor only needs the function of one direction operation, then left and right sides Drive Structure all will arrange when the function of the forward and reverse operation of needs, and namely left Drive Structure and right Drive Structure all are at least one.
As a kind of optimal way of the present invention, described left Drive Structure is 4, and is divided into two groups, and two left Drive Structure of every group are symmetrical arranged along centre bore; Described right Drive Structure is 4, and is divided into two groups, and two right Drive Structure of every group are symmetrical arranged along centre bore; Left Drive Structure among the present invention and the number of right Drive Structure are not limited to this, also can select separately according to actual needs.
Existing piezoelectric or original paper for the manufacture of the piezoelectricity bar, displacement (stretching) maximum in each power on/off cycle can only be accomplished the some thousandths of of device size, and can accomplish the device of a few percent, still in development, technical difficulty is very large; And the cost of piezoelectricity bar is high, such as the displacement (stretching) that will increase each power on/off cycle, must increase the use amount of piezoelectricity bar, improves the manufacturing cost of motor.In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, improve the displacement stroke of each action cycle, thereby improve the speed of motor, remedying such motor speed is difficult for the defective that improves and reduces manufacturing cost, the present invention has advocated displacement amplifying mechanism, method is: also be communicated with successively radially arm of force chamber and radial displacement enlarged cavity at described radial groove away from an end of centre bore, radially be provided with an end and the contacted radially arm of force of piezoelectricity bar radially in the arm of force chamber, radially the other end of the arm of force radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar interior with being arranged on the radial displacement enlarged cavity contacts; Described axial notch also is communicated with axial arm of force chamber and axial displacement enlarged cavity successively away from an end of radial groove, axially be provided with an end and the axial contacted axial arm of force of piezoelectricity bar in the arm of force chamber, axially the other end of the arm of force axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar interior with being arranged on the axial displacement enlarged cavity contacts.
As a kind of optimal way of said structure, the axis in described radially arm of force chamber is respectively perpendicular to the axis of radial groove and radial displacement enlarged cavity, and radially is provided with the radial load arm axle in the arm of force chamber, and radially the arm of force is set on the radial load arm axle and can rotates around it; The axis difference groove perpendicular to axial direction in axial arm of force chamber and the axis of axial displacement enlarged cavity, and axially be provided with the axial force arm axle in the arm of force chamber, axially the arm of force is set on the axial force arm axle and can rotates around it; Thereby consist of the displacement amplifying mechanism of similar lever principle, so that the displacement amplification effect is more obvious.
Described radially piezoelectricity bar, axial piezoelectricity bar, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar all link to each other with external power source by power line with axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar, and described external power source is power supply and the control power supply of motor; Supply unit and control device according in advance setting respectively to motor each radially time, vector, frequency and the logical order of piezoelectricity bar, the axially energising of piezoelectricity bar, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar and axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar control, thereby speed, thrust, displacement, the traffic direction of control motor; Above-mentioned parameter can set in advance and can according to requirements revise at any time.
Described radial groove is away from the outer recessed formation draw-in groove of an end of centre bore, and radially the piezoelectricity bar consists of fixture block away from an end evagination of centre bore, and described fixture block is arranged in the draw-in groove; Adopt this kind structure, so that radially the piezoelectricity bar is positioned at radial groove all the time in the process of motion; Further, described fixture block is near also being provided with spring two between an end end face of centre bore and the draw-in groove, thereby after removing the electric field of piezoelectricity bar radially, radially the piezoelectricity bar can be got back to the top of radial groove under the elastic force effect of spring.
Described stator case is mainly snapped together by stator case A and stator case B and consists of, and is convenient to installation and removal, and the stator case among the present invention is not limited to be assembled by two housings, also can be according to the actual conditions otherwise designed.
Be inlaid with several balls on the inwall of described centre bore, the cylindrical of described electric mover is provided with the chute that is complementary with the ball position vertically, and electric mover forms by chute and ball and motor stator and is slidingly matched; Owing to having adopted this kind structure, thereby reduced the electric mover suffered frictional force of in centre bore, moving.
The material of said motor mover and motor stator parts can be that metal material also can be nonmetallic materials.
Above-mentioned radially piezoelectricity bar and axial piezoelectricity bar are the piezoelectricity part that piezoelectric processes, past elongated lengthwise when having the high-frequency electric field of applying, lose the characteristic that returns to nature behind the electric field, because piezoelectric belongs to existing mature technology, do not repeat them here.
Above-mentioned radial groove decision design is the axis perpendicular to centre bore, because electric mover is concentric setting with centre bore, namely the radial groove decision design is the axis perpendicular to electric mover, in actual use, as required low-angle inclination angle can be arranged; Described axial notch is parallel to the axis of electronics mover.
Method of work based on above-mentioned displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor is characterized in that, comprises left driving process and right driving process, wherein:
Left driving process: under the motor initial condition, left side in its left Drive Structure radially piezoelectricity row replacement adds the high frequency electric field, extend along its length on a left side radially piezoelectricity bar, owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial groove, radially the piezoelectricity bar is to electric mover direction elongation on a left side, and a left side radially forms tight fit between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover; Then add the high frequency electric field to the left axially piezoelectricity row replacement that is positioned at left radially piezoelectricity bar right side, left axially piezoelectricity bar extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of axial notch, left axially piezoelectricity bar is radially piezoelectricity bar direction elongation and exerting pressure left, thereby promote radially piezoelectricity bar of a left side, and then the drive motor mover is mobile to the left; After driving end, the high-frequency electric field of the left radially piezoelectricity bar of removal and left axial piezoelectricity bar, a left side radially piezoelectricity bar returns to normal with left axially piezoelectricity bar, and under the effect of left spring one, moves to the rightmost side;
Right driving process: after electric mover moves left to extreme position, to the right the right side in the Drive Structure radially the piezoelectricity row replacement add the high frequency electric field, extend along its length on the right side radially piezoelectricity bar, owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial groove, radially the piezoelectricity bar is to electric mover direction elongation on the right side, and the right side radially forms tight fit between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover; Then add the high frequency electric field to the right axially piezoelectricity row replacement that is positioned at right radially piezoelectricity bar left side, right axially piezoelectricity bar extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of axial notch, right axially piezoelectricity bar is radially piezoelectricity bar direction elongation and exerting pressure to the right, thereby promote radially piezoelectricity bar of the right side, and then the drive motor mover is mobile to the right;
Repeat above-mentioned left driving process and right driving process, electric mover namely carries out continuous straight line back and forth movement with respect to motor stator.
The said motor method of work is for the situation of only having a left Drive Structure and a right Drive Structure, in real work, usually design as required a plurality of left Drive Structure and right Drive Structure, its drive principle is all set up based on the above method, does not repeat them here.
In order to improve the displacement stroke of each action cycle, thereby improve the speed of motor, remedy motor speed and reduce manufacturing cost, overcome the deficiency that existing piezoelectricity bar exists, the method for work that the present invention relates to is further comprising the steps of:
Radial displacement amplification process: radially form in the friction tight process between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover, add the high frequency electric field to displacement amplification piezoelectric row replacement radially, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial displacement enlarged cavity, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar is exerted pressure to the arm of force radially, so that radially the arm of force one end is subjected to displacement, radially the other end of the arm of force radially the direction of piezoelectricity bar move, and then promote radially that piezoelectricity bar integral body moves to the electric mover direction, thereby increase radially piezoelectricity bar displacement radially, so that radially form tight fit between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover;
The axial displacement amplification process: axially the piezoelectricity bar promotes piezoelectricity bar radially to the left or to the right in the mobile process, add the high frequency electric field to the row replacement of axial displacement amplification piezoelectric, axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of axial displacement enlarged cavity, axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar is exerted pressure to the axial arm of force, so that axially the arm of force one end is subjected to displacement, the other end of the axial arm of force vertically direction of piezoelectricity bar moves, and then impeller-hub moves to piezoelectricity bar integral body to piezoelectricity bar direction radially, thereby increase radially piezoelectricity bar displacement in axial direction, and then increase electric mover move distance to the left or to the right.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention has larger thrust with respect to existing ultrasonic linear motor under equal input power;
(2) the present invention can have the higher speed of service with respect to existing ultrasonic linear motor;
(3) the present invention has higher operating efficiency with respect to existing ultrasonic linear motor;
(4) the present invention is with respect to existing ultrasonic linear motor, and working loss is little, longer service life;
(5) the present invention has improved the displacement stroke of each action cycle by displacement amplifying mechanism is set, thereby improves the speed of motor, remedies the not high defective of motor speed that adopts existing piezoelectric to make, and has reduced the manufacturing cost of motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 A to structural representation;
Fig. 3 is another cutaway view in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Mark and corresponding parts title in the accompanying drawing: 1-electric mover; 2-1-left side is the piezoelectricity bar radially; 2-2-right side is the piezoelectricity bar radially; 3-1-left side is the piezoelectricity bar axially; 3-2-right side is the piezoelectricity bar axially; 4-1-left spring one; 4-2-right spring one; 5-radially arm of forces; 6-radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar; 7-axially arm of forces; 8-axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar; 9-power line; 10-stator case A; 11-stator case B; 12-radially piezoelectricity bar A; 13-radially piezoelectricity bar B; 14-radially piezoelectricity bar C; 15-radially piezoelectricity bar D; 16-axially piezoelectricity bar A; 17-axially piezoelectricity bar B; 18-axially piezoelectricity bar C; 19-axially piezoelectricity bar D; 20-radially piezoelectricity bar E; 21-radially piezoelectricity bar F; 22-radially piezoelectricity bar G; 23-radially piezoelectricity bar H; 24-axially piezoelectricity bar E; 25-axially piezoelectricity bar F; 26-axially piezoelectricity bar G; 27-axially piezoelectricity bar H; 28-ball; 29-radial load arm axle; 30-axial force arm axle; 31-spring two.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1:
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention is mainly by the motor stator that is provided with centre bore and run through the electric mover 1 that is arranged in the centre bore and consist of, described motor stator mainly is made of stator case and the radial groove and the axial notch that are arranged on the stator case, described stator case is mainly snapped together by stator case A11 and stator case B12 and consists of, and described radial groove and axial notch are radially setting and axially setting along centre bore respectively; Described radial groove one end is connected with centre bore, and the left side of radial groove or right side are provided with coupled logical spring groove; Axial notch is positioned at right side or the left side of radial groove, and is connected with radial groove; Be provided with radially piezoelectricity bar in the described radial groove, be provided with axial piezoelectricity bar in the axial notch, be provided with spring one in the spring groove.
Among the present invention radially groove, be arranged on the spring groove in radial groove left side, and the axial notch that is arranged on the radial groove right side consists of left Drive Structure, by a left side radially piezoelectricity bar 2-1, left axially piezoelectricity bar 3-1 and left spring one 4-1 are set therein, be used for driving the electronics mover to left movement; Among the present invention radially groove, be arranged on the spring groove on radial groove right side, and the axial notch that is arranged on radial groove consists of right Drive Structure, by the right side radially piezoelectricity bar 2-2, right axially piezoelectricity bar 3-2 and right spring one 4-2 are set therein, be used for driving the electronics mover and move right.Only set up left Drive Structure or right Drive Structure when motor only needs the function of one direction operation, then left and right sides Drive Structure all will arrange when the function of the forward and reverse operation of needs, and namely left Drive Structure and right Drive Structure all are at least one.
Radial groove is away from the outer recessed formation draw-in groove of an end of centre bore, radially the piezoelectricity bar consists of fixture block away from an end evagination of centre bore, described fixture block is arranged in the draw-in groove, and the piezoelectricity bar is fixed on radial groove for inciting somebody to action radially, and it can not broken away from from radial groove in the process of motion; Also be provided with spring 2 31 between one end end face of the close centre bore of fixture block and the draw-in groove, be used for radially resetting of piezoelectricity bar; Radially the piezoelectricity bar all links to each other with external power source by power line 9 with axial piezoelectricity bar, is used for to radially the magnetoelectricity field is increased in piezoelectricity bar and axial piezoelectricity row replacement; Be inlaid with several balls 28 on the inwall of described centre bore, the cylindrical of described electric mover 1 is provided with the chute that is complementary with ball 28 positions vertically, thereby has reduced the electric mover 1 suffered frictional force of moving in centre bore.
Above-mentioned left Drive Structure and right Drive Structure number can change according to actual conditions, and symmetrical or be distributed on the stator case asymmetrically respectively.Now be 4 for left Drive Structure and right Drive Structure, and be divided into separately two groups, two left Drive Structure of every group or right Drive Structure are further set forth operation principle of the present invention and process thereof all along the symmetrically arranged situation of centre bore; Distinguish for convenient, as shown in Figure 3, with piezoelectricity bar radially piezoelectricity bar A12, radially piezoelectricity bar B13, radially piezoelectricity bar C14, the piezoelectricity bar D15 radially of called after respectively radially of 4 left sides in the left Drive Structure, 4 with left radially piezoelectricity bar respectively corresponding axial piezoelectricity bar A16, axially piezoelectricity bar B17, axial piezoelectricity bar C18, axial piezoelectricity bar D19; With 4 in right Drive Structure piezoelectricity bar radially piezoelectricity bar E20, radially piezoelectricity bar F21, radially piezoelectricity bar G22, piezoelectricity bar H23 radially of the called after right side respectively radially, 4 with right radially piezoelectricity bar respectively corresponding axial piezoelectricity bar E24, axially piezoelectricity bar F25, axial piezoelectricity bar G26, axial piezoelectricity bar H27.
1. under the motor initial condition, give in the left Drive Structure radially piezoelectricity bar A12 and radially piezoelectricity bar B13 apply high-frequency electric field, radially piezoelectricity bar A12 and radially piezoelectricity bar B13 extend along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial groove apical position, radially piezoelectricity bar A12 and radially piezoelectricity bar B13 can only extend to the mover axis direction, consequently radially piezoelectricity bar A12 contacts electric mover 1 with piezoelectricity bar B13 radially, and electric mover 1 exerted pressure piezoelectricity bar A12 and radially form tight fit between piezoelectricity bar B13 and the electric mover 1 radially;
Apply high-frequency electric field 2. for axial piezoelectricity bar A16 and axial piezoelectricity bar B17, axially piezoelectricity bar A16 and axial piezoelectricity bar B17 extend along its length, owing to being subjected to the position limitation of axial notch right-hand member, axially piezoelectricity bar A16 and axially to the left direction elongation of piezoelectricity bar B17, consequently, axially piezoelectricity bar A16 and axial piezoelectricity bar B17 promote radially piezoelectricity bar A12 and radially piezoelectricity bar B13, and then drive motor mover 1 is mobile to the left;
3. give radially piezoelectricity bar C14 and radially piezoelectricity bar D15 apply high-frequency electric field, radially piezoelectricity bar C14 and radially piezoelectricity bar D15 extend along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial groove apical position, radially piezoelectricity bar C14 and radially piezoelectricity bar D15 can only extend to electric mover 1 axis direction, consequently radially piezoelectricity bar C14 contacts electric mover 1 with piezoelectricity bar D15 radially, and electric mover 1 exerted pressure piezoelectricity bar C14 and radially form tight fit between piezoelectricity bar D15 and the electric mover 1 radially;
4. remove piezoelectricity bar A12 radially, radially piezoelectricity bar B13, axially piezoelectricity bar A16 and the axial electric field of piezoelectricity bar B17, radially piezoelectricity bar A12, radially piezoelectricity bar B13, axially piezoelectricity bar A16 and axially piezoelectricity bar B17 return to normality, and under the effect of spring 4, move to the rightmost side;
Apply high-frequency electric field 5. for axial piezoelectricity bar C18 and axial piezoelectricity bar D19, axially piezoelectricity bar C18, axial piezoelectricity bar D19 extend along its length, owing to being subjected to the position limitation of axial notch right-hand member, axially piezoelectricity bar C18 and axially to the left direction elongation of piezoelectricity bar D19, consequently axially piezoelectricity bar C18 and axial piezoelectricity bar D19 promote radially piezoelectricity bar C14 and radially piezoelectricity bar D15, and then drive motor mover 1 is mobile to the left;
6. again give radially piezoelectricity bar A12 and radially piezoelectricity bar B13 apply high-frequency electric field, it is extended to electric mover 1 axis direction, electric mover 1 is exerted pressure, and forms tight fit between the electric mover 1;
7. remove piezoelectricity bar C14 radially, radially piezoelectricity bar D15, axially piezoelectricity bar C18 and the axial electric field of piezoelectricity bar D19, radially piezoelectricity bar C14, radially piezoelectricity bar D15, axially piezoelectricity bar C18 and axial piezoelectricity bar D19, and under the effect of spring, move to the rightmost side.
Repeat above step, electric mover 1 namely carries out continuous rectilinear motion with respect to motor stator, and its traffic direction is that electric mover 1 moves to the left.
According to above-mentioned principle, radially piezoelectricity bar E20 in the right Drive Structure, radially piezoelectricity bar F21, radially piezoelectricity bar G22, radially piezoelectricity bar H23, axially piezoelectricity bar E24, axially piezoelectricity bar F25, axially piezoelectricity bar G26, the axial action step of piezoelectricity bar H27 are set, can realize that namely electric mover 1 moves to the right, its operation principle is identical with left Drive Structure, does not repeat them here.
The supply unit of displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor and control device give respectively axial piezoelectricity bar and radially the piezoelectricity bar power supply is provided; Supply unit and control device are controlled to time, vector, frequency and the logical order of piezoelectricity bar and the radially energising of piezoelectricity bar motor shaft respectively according to setting in advance, thus speed, thrust, displacement, the traffic direction of control motor; Above-mentioned parameter can set in advance and can according to requirements revise at any time.
The present invention can be by changing axial piezoelectricity bar and the physical dimension of piezoelectricity bar and corresponding component radially, thus thrust and the speed of change motor.
Embodiment 2:
Because existing piezoelectric or original paper for the manufacture of the piezoelectricity bar, displacement (stretching) maximum in each power on/off cycle can only be accomplished the some thousandths of of device size, and can accomplish the device of a few percent, and still in development, technical difficulty is very large; And the cost of piezoelectricity bar is high, such as the displacement (stretching) that will increase each power on/off cycle, must increase the use amount of piezoelectricity bar, improves the manufacturing cost of motor.In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, improve the displacement stroke of each action cycle, thereby improve the speed of motor, remedy such motor speed and reduce manufacturing cost, as shown in Figure 4, the present invention also is communicated with radially arm of force chamber and radial displacement enlarged cavity at described radial groove successively away from an end of centre bore, radially be provided with an end and the contacted radially arm of force 5 of piezoelectricity bar radially in the arm of force chamber, radially the other end of the arm of force 5 radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 6 interior with being arranged on the radial displacement enlarged cavity contacts; Described axial notch also is communicated with axial arm of force chamber and axial displacement enlarged cavity successively away from an end of radial groove, axially be provided with an end and the axial contacted axial arm of force 7 of piezoelectricity bar in the arm of force chamber, axially the other end of the arm of force 7 axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 8 interior with being arranged on the axial displacement enlarged cavity contacts.
Further, the axis in described radially arm of force chamber is respectively perpendicular to the axis of radial groove and radial displacement enlarged cavity, and radially is provided with radial load arm axle 29 in the arm of force chamber, and radially the arm of force 5 is set on the radial load arm axle 29 and can rotates around it; The axis difference groove perpendicular to axial direction in axial arm of force chamber and the axis of axial displacement enlarged cavity, and axially be provided with axial force arm axle 30 in the arm of force chamber, axially the arm of force 7 is set on the axial force arm axle 30 and can rotates around it; When radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 6 or 8 elongation of axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar, must be to the radially arm of force 5 or the axially arm of force 7 one ends generation pressure, radially the arm of force 5 or the axial arm of force 7 rotate around axial force arm axle 29 or axial force arm axle 30, thereby so that its other end moves in the opposite direction, promote radially the piezoelectricity bar or axially piezoelectricity bar integral body move, thereby consist of the displacement amplifying mechanism of similar lever principle, so that the displacement amplification effect is more obvious.
Now further set forth operation principle and process that displacement of the present invention is amplified;
Radial displacement amplification process: radially form in the friction tight process between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover 1, apply high-frequency electric field to displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 6 radially, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 6 extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial displacement enlarged cavity, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 6 is exerted pressure to the arm of force 5 radially, so that radially the arm of force 5 one ends are subjected to displacement, radially the other end of the arm of force 5 radially the direction of piezoelectricity bar move, and then promote radially that piezoelectricity bar integral body moves to electric mover 1 direction, thereby increase radially piezoelectricity bar displacement radially, so that radially form tight fit between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover 1;
The axial displacement amplification process: axially the piezoelectricity bar promotes piezoelectricity bar radially to the left or to the right in the mobile process, apply high-frequency electric field to axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 8, axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 8 extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of axial displacement enlarged cavity, axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar 8 is exerted pressure to the axial arm of force 7, so that axially the arm of force 7 one ends are subjected to displacement, the other end of the axial arm of force 7 vertically direction of piezoelectricity bar moves, and then impeller-hub moves to piezoelectricity bar integral body to piezoelectricity bar direction radially, thereby increase radially piezoelectricity bar displacement in axial direction, and then increase electric mover 1 move distance to the left or to the right.
Other parts of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1, do not repeat them here.
As mentioned above, just can realize preferably the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor, main by the motor stator that is provided with centre bore and run through the electric mover (1) that is arranged in the centre bore and consist of, it is characterized in that, described motor stator mainly is made of stator case and the radial groove and the axial notch that are arranged on the stator case, and described radial groove and axial notch are along centre bore respectively and radially arrange and axially arrange; Described radial groove one end is connected with centre bore, and the left side of radial groove or right side are provided with coupled logical spring groove; Axial notch is positioned at right side or the left side of radial groove, and is connected with radial groove; Be provided with radially piezoelectricity bar in the described radial groove, be provided with axial piezoelectricity bar in the axial notch, be provided with spring one in the spring groove; Described radial groove also is communicated with radially arm of force chamber and radial displacement enlarged cavity successively away from an end of centre bore, radially be provided with an end and the contacted radially arm of force of piezoelectricity bar (5) radially in the arm of force chamber, radially the other end of the arm of force (5) the radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (6) interior with being arranged on the radial displacement enlarged cavity contacts; Described axial notch also is communicated with axial arm of force chamber and axial displacement enlarged cavity successively away from an end of radial groove, axially be provided with an end and the axial contacted axial arm of force of piezoelectricity bar (7) in the arm of force chamber, axially the other end of the arm of force (7) the axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (8) interior with being arranged on the axial displacement enlarged cavity contacts; Described radially piezoelectricity bar comprises radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1) and right side piezoelectricity bar (2-2) radially of a left side, axially the piezoelectricity bar comprises left axially piezoelectricity bar (3-1) and right axially piezoelectricity bar (3-2), spring one comprises left spring one (4-1) and right spring one (4-2), described radial groove, be arranged on the spring groove in radial groove left side, be arranged on the axial notch on radial groove right side, be arranged on radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1) of the interior left side of radial groove, be arranged on the left axially piezoelectricity bar (3-1) in the axial notch, and the left spring one (4-1) that is arranged in the spring groove consists of left Drive Structure; Described radial groove, be arranged on the radial groove right side spring groove, be arranged on radial groove left side axial notch, be arranged in the radial groove the right side radially piezoelectricity bar (2-2), be arranged on the right axially piezoelectricity bar (3-2) in the axial notch and the right spring one (4-2) that is arranged in the spring groove consists of right Drive Structure; Described left Drive Structure and right Drive Structure all are at least one; The axis in described radially arm of force chamber is respectively perpendicular to the axis of radial groove and radial displacement enlarged cavity, and radially is provided with radial load arm axle (29) in the arm of force chamber, and it is upper and can rotate around it that radially the arm of force (5) is set in radial load arm axle (29); The axis difference groove perpendicular to axial direction in axial arm of force chamber and the axis of axial displacement enlarged cavity, and axially be provided with axial force arm axle (30) in the arm of force chamber, axially the arm of force (7) is set in axial force arm axle (30) upward and can rotates around it; Described radial groove is away from the outer recessed formation draw-in groove of an end of centre bore, and radially the piezoelectricity bar consists of fixture block away from an end evagination of centre bore, and described fixture block is arranged in the draw-in groove, and also is provided with spring two (31) between an end end face of the close centre bore of fixture block and the draw-in groove.
2. displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described left Drive Structure is 4, and is divided into two groups, and two left Drive Structure of every group are symmetrical arranged along centre bore; Described right Drive Structure is 4, and is divided into two groups, and two right Drive Structure of every group are symmetrical arranged along centre bore.
3. displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radially piezoelectricity bar, axial piezoelectricity bar, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (6) all link to each other with external power source by power line (9) with axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (8).
4. each described displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor according to claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, be inlaid with several balls (28) on the inwall of described centre bore, the cylindrical of described electric mover (1) is provided with the chute that is complementary with ball (28) position vertically.
5. based on described each the method for work of displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, comprise left driving process and right driving process, wherein:
Left driving process: under the motor initial condition, left side in its left Drive Structure radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1) applies high-frequency electric field, extend along its length on a left side radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1), owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial groove, radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1) is to electric mover (1) direction elongation on a left side, and a left side radially forms tight fit between piezoelectricity bar (2-1) and the electric mover (1); Then to be positioned at a left side radially the left axially piezoelectricity bar (3-1) on piezoelectricity bar (2-1) right side apply high-frequency electric field, left axially piezoelectricity bar (3-1) extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of axial notch, left axially piezoelectricity bar (3-1) is radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1) direction elongation and exerting pressure left, thereby promote radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1) of a left side, and then drive motor mover (1) is mobile to the left; After the driving end, remove a left side radially piezoelectricity bar (2-1) and the left axially high-frequency electric field of piezoelectricity bar (3-1), a left side radially axial piezoelectricity bar (3-1) of piezoelectricity bar (2-1) and a left side returns to normal, and under the effect of left spring one (4-1), moves to the rightmost side;
Right driving process: after electric mover (1) moves left to extreme position, to the right the right side in the Drive Structure radially piezoelectricity bar (2-2) apply high-frequency electric field, extend along its length on the right side radially piezoelectricity bar (2-2), owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial groove, radially piezoelectricity bar (2-2) is to electric mover (1) direction elongation on the right side, and the right side radially forms tight fit between piezoelectricity bar (2-2) and the electric mover (1); Then to be positioned at the right side radially the right axially piezoelectricity bar (3-2) in piezoelectricity bar (2-2) left side apply high-frequency electric field, right axially piezoelectricity bar (3-2) extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of axial notch, right axially piezoelectricity bar (3-2) is radially piezoelectricity bar (2-2) direction elongation and exerting pressure to the right, thereby promote radially piezoelectricity bar (2-2) of the right side, and then drive motor mover (1) is mobile to the right;
Repeat above-mentioned left driving process and right driving process, electric mover (1) namely carries out continuous straight line back and forth movement with respect to motor stator;
Further comprising the steps of:
Radial displacement amplification process: radially form in the friction tight process between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover (1), apply high-frequency electric field to displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (6) radially, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (6) extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of radial displacement enlarged cavity, radial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (6) is exerted pressure to the arm of force (5) radially, so that radially the arm of force (5) one ends are subjected to displacement, radially the other end of the arm of force (5) radially the direction of piezoelectricity bar move, and then promote radially that piezoelectricity bar integral body moves to electric mover (1) direction, thereby increase radially piezoelectricity bar displacement radially, so that radially form tight fit between piezoelectricity bar and the electric mover (1);
The axial displacement amplification process: axially the piezoelectricity bar promotes piezoelectricity bar radially to the left or to the right in the mobile process, apply high-frequency electric field to axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (8), axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (8) extends along its length, owing to being subjected to the restriction of axial displacement enlarged cavity, axial displacement amplification piezoelectric bar (8) is exerted pressure to the axial arm of force (7), so that axially the arm of force (7) one ends are subjected to displacement, the other end of the axial arm of force (7) the vertically direction of piezoelectricity bar moves, and then impeller-hub moves to piezoelectricity bar integral body to piezoelectricity bar direction radially, thereby increase radially piezoelectricity bar displacement in axial direction, and then increase electric mover (1) move distance to the left or to the right.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110085303 CN102142789B (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor and working method thereof |
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| CN 201110085303 CN102142789B (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Displacement amplification ultrasonic linear motor and working method thereof |
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| CN102142789B true CN102142789B (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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| CN103825492B (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2016-12-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of piezoelectricity motor |
| CN106487272B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-10-30 | 湖北三江航天红林探控有限公司 | A kind of miniature actuator of big displacement and its driving method |
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| CN1148866C (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-05-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Straight-line suppersonic motor based on vibration in rectangular piezoelectric ceramic thin plate |
| US7737605B2 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2010-06-15 | Physik Instrumente (Pi) Gmbh & Co. Kg | Linear ultrasound motor |
| CN102158120B (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2013-12-25 | 刘勤 | Radial and axial multi-vibrator ultrasonic linear motor and operating method thereof |
| CN202043056U (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2011-11-16 | 刘勤 | Displacement amplification ultrasonic wave linear motor |
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