CN102142663B - Guide rope unwinding method - Google Patents
Guide rope unwinding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102142663B CN102142663B CN201010104983A CN201010104983A CN102142663B CN 102142663 B CN102142663 B CN 102142663B CN 201010104983 A CN201010104983 A CN 201010104983A CN 201010104983 A CN201010104983 A CN 201010104983A CN 102142663 B CN102142663 B CN 102142663B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940082150 encore Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a guide rope unwinding method. The method comprises the following steps of: installing a pay-off shaft on a pay-off mechanism which is used for placing a guide rope; hanging the pay-off mechanism on a helicopter; and after the helicopter flies over an iron tower, putting the guide rope which is placed on the pay-off mechanism on a pay-off auxiliary mechanism which is arranged on the iron tower and used for fixing and adjusting the guide rope temporarily. By the method provided by the invention, the unwinding distance of the guide rope is enlarged effectively, flight safety is improved, the utilization efficiency of a lifting force of the helicopter is improved, the high-altitude operation of a constructor is reduced, and a risk on construction is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stringing construction field, method is put in particularly a kind of strop exhibition.
Background technology
In traditional transmission line construction, it is the preliminary preparation of spreading conducting wire that the strop exhibition is put.Be main with manual work in the floor pavement mode generally, receive that complex-terrain influences seriously, efficient is low, potential safety hazard is big, that surface vegetation and crop are destroyed is serious, damages is high, be prone to the work holdup.
The domestic case that once had helicopter " to lead and put " the strop construction all is to adopt strop is placed ground, puts with the termination mode exhibition of flying of helicopter traction strop.Need the large-tonnage helicopter to provide enough lift could satisfy the needs of tractive effort like this; Put the prolongation of distance simultaneously along with exhibition; Required tractive effort is increasing, security risk is big, has limited the flight exhibition and has put the distance of strop and (it is investigated; The longest domestic leading put apart from being about 2km), and cost is very high.Put and adopt as carrier strop to be opened up with propeller-parachuting, dirigible etc.; But because self lift is limited, institute open up that the strop cross section of putting is little, the flight exhibition put distance limited (the strop diameter put opened up below 4mm, once open up put apart from no longer than 4km).Owing to propeller-parachuting, airship flight receive weather effect very big, construction ability is limited continuously in addition.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of expansion flight exhibition to put distance, and method is put in safe and reliable strop exhibition.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of strop exhibition to put method, can comprise:
At the payingoff mechanism that is being used for the strop lay paying out reel is installed, and with the payingoff mechanism carry in helicopter;
After helicopter flies over iron tower, the strop of said payingoff mechanism lay is placed the lead-in wire lay auxiliary body temporary fixed and the said strop of adjustment that is used for that is arranged at iron tower.
Said payingoff mechanism comprises pay off rack, be located at the brake assemblies on the pay off rack and be located at the line component that of pay off rack below; Said pay off rack comprises pay off rack support body and the paying out reel axle thick stick that is used to support paying out reel; Said paying out reel axle thick stick is located between two frames of said pay off rack support body; Said pay off rack support body top is provided with the link that is used for external helicopter; Saidly go out line component and comprise outlet bracing frame and outlet pulley; The top of said outlet bracing frame both sides is fixedly connected with the bottom of said pay off rack support body both sides respectively, and said outlet pulley is located at said outlet bracing frame bottom.
Said paying out reel axle thick stick one end is fixedly connected with said pay off rack support body one side frame bottom, and the other end flexibly connects with the draw-in groove that is fixed in said pay off rack support body another side frame bottom.
Said is that paying out reel is installed to said pay off rack at the payingoff mechanism installation paying out reel that is used for the strop lay, makes the strop outlet direction be positioned at the paying out reel below.
Said brake assemblies comprises brake rim, brake oil pipe, brake oil pump and the electric expansion bar that connects successively; Said brake rim is located at paying out reel axle thick stick and is fixedly connected part with the pay off rack support body; Said brake oil pump and said electric expansion bar are located at respectively on the said pay off rack support body, connect through said brake oil pipe between brake rim and the brake oil pump; The outer connected control system of said electric expansion bar end; Said brake rim is provided with a plurality of alignment pins that are used for fixing paying out reel.
Said lead-in wire lay auxiliary body comprise be used towards day coaster and the wire clamp that is used for strop is anchored in iron tower; Said court day coaster and said wire clamp all are located on the iron tower.
It is said that coaster comprises pulley, line ball cylinder and is located at said towards day two pulley brackets at coaster two ends respectively towards the sky; Each pulley bracket is provided with at least three pulleys, and each pulley bracket top is provided with a line ball cylinder; Two said pulley bracket tops are fixedly connected through binding-beam; Two said pulley bracket bottoms are fixedly connected through base beam; Be connected through pulling pin between said line ball cylinder and the said pulley bracket; Said binding-beam two ends are fixedly connected with two pulley brackets through bolt respectively.
Said wire clamp comprises two clamping plates that is hinged and the base plate of being located at the clamping plate bottom surface; Said base plate is provided with anchor hole, and the clamping plate top is provided with a plurality of screw holes; Carry out hinged through hinge between the said two clamping plates.
It is that strop with said payingoff mechanism lay places said pulley towards day coaster that said strop with said payingoff mechanism lay places the temporary fixed lead-in wire lay auxiliary body with the said strop of adjustment that is used for that is arranged at iron tower, behind the tight strop of helicopter tension force with said wire clamp with the strop anchoring temporarily on iron tower.
Said method also is included in helicopter and takes off before the lay strop, anchoring temporarily guiding fag end or carry additionally weight at the guiding fag end.
Put method through strop exhibition provided by the invention, distance is put in the exhibition that has effectively prolonged strop, flight safety when having improved unwrapping wire and helicopter lift utilization ratio.
Description of drawings
The structural front view of the payingoff mechanism that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
The structure left view of the payingoff mechanism that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
The structural front view of three-wheel releasing pulley that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention towards the sky.
The structure left view of three-wheel releasing pulley that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the invention towards the sky.
The structural representation of the wire clamp that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of strop exhibition to put method, can comprise:
Step S1, selection construction equipment mainly comprise:
(1) helicopter is selected
Consider the contradictory relation between helicopter carry ability and the flight cost and cooperates the type selecting parameters such as weight length of considering that rope is put in exhibition, selection B-7711 type helicopter, or other approaching model helicopter of selecting technology index.B-7711 type helicopter important technological parameters is as shown in table 1.
Table 1B-7711 type helicopter performance parameter table
(2) strop is selected
The main reference standard that strop is selected is: rope diameter and unit weight, circuit scissors crossing situation, strop intensity and quilt are led puts guiding rope tension etc.Selectable strop has
Di Nima rope or side's burst 7 nothings to turn round steel cable etc.It is following that
Di Nima rope or side burst 7 nothings are turned round the steel cable parameters.
I: Φ 8mm enlightening Nima rope: deadweight 53g/m, add diameter 12mm behind the winding layer, Fracture Force is 58.8kN.
Ii: the anti-steel wire rope of turning round of side gang 7mm: deadweight 170g/m, Fracture Force 35kN.
(3) special payingoff mechanism is prepared
Special payingoff mechanism is used for the carry paying out reel, is the key tool that strop is put in the helicopter exhibition, can aloft load in real time and the adjustment laying tension strop.Payingoff mechanism is like Fig. 1, shown in 2, comprises pay off rack, is located at the brake assemblies on the pay off rack and is located at the line component that of pay off rack below.Wherein, pay off rack comprise pay off rack support body 1 be used to support paying out reel (winding strop arranged, the internal layer fag end can not be connected with paying out reel, with guarantee the strop exhibition put accomplish after fag end and paying out reel throw off smoothly) paying out reel axle thick stick 2.Paying out reel axle thick stick 2 is located at pay off rack support body 1 bottom.Paying out reel axle thick stick 2 one ends are fixedly connected with one side frame bottom of pay off rack support body 1, and the other end flexibly connects with the taper draw-in groove that is fixed in pay off rack support body 1 another side frame bottom 3.Pay off rack support body 1 top is provided with the link 4 that is used for external helicopter.Pay off rack support body 1 top can be trapezoid support; Pay off rack support body 1 bottom and paying out reel axle thick stick 2 can constitute rectangle support.Installation angle between outlet bracing frame 5 and the pay off rack support body 1 is 5～110 °.
Go out line component and comprise outlet bracing frame 5 and outlet pulley 6, the top of outlet bracing frame 5 both sides is fixedly connected with the bottom of pay off rack support body 1 both sides respectively, and outlet pulley 6 is located at outlet bracing frame 5 bottoms.Go out the amplitude of fluctuation that line component effectively guarantees outlet direction with the control pay off rack of strop.
Brake assemblies comprises brake rim 7, brake oil pipe 8, brake oil pump 9 and the electric expansion bar 10 that connects successively.Brake rim 7 is located at the part that is fixedly connected of paying out reel axle thick stick 2 and pay off rack support body 1.Brake oil pump 9 is located at respectively on the trapezoid support of pay off rack support body 1 with electric expansion bar 10.Connect through brake oil pipe 8 between brake rim 7 and the brake oil pump 9.The terminal external control system that is used to control the oil pump capacity of brake oil pump 9 of electric expansion bar 10.Also be provided with a plurality of alignment pins 11 that are used for fixing paying out reel on the brake rim 7.
To guide rope successively closely to be coiling on the special paying out reel by special-purpose coil winding machine before step S2, the construction; The internal layer fag end can not be connected with paying out reel; With guarantee the exhibition of guiding rope put accomplish after fag end and paying out reel throw off smoothly, make helicopter carry paying out reel and return.Paying out reel is installed on the pay off rack, makes the strop outlet direction be positioned at the paying out reel below.Under the helicopter in hover state,, pay off rack is hung on the special use hook of helicopter bottom through special-purpose hoist cable.Hook in case of emergency possesses automatically-unhooked function.The connected mode of pay off rack and helicopter is the soft rope carry of a single-point mode, when this mode can guarantee that helicopter leans to one side to fly, eliminates the torsion influence of hanger to helicopter.The strop external end head needs and preset ground starting point anchoring temporarily, allows like the builder's yard, and earth anchor can be set, and anchoring guides fag end on ground, and helicopter rollings takeoff; Do not allow like the builder's yard, the guiding fag end is carried additionally the sandbag of heavy 15-20kg.
Before step S3, helicopter took off, whether inspection internal layer fag end was in disengaged position with paying out reel.If the guiding fag end adopts the sandbag mode of carrying additionally, helicopter carries the guiding reel for rope and takes off, and under suitably sandbag is thrown in the place, guides the fag end anchoring subsequently then.
In the lay process; Strop on the paying out reel is emitted through the slip of outlet pulley 6; The speed of unwrapping wire then is to control through brake assemblies; Control system is through the oil pump capacity of electric expansion bar 10 control brake oil pumps 9, thereby control brake rim 7 drives the rotating speed of paying out reel, and then realizes that strop soars and the strop catenary control.This payingoff mechanism is a key equipment of realizing helicopter lay strop technology; Can satisfy the above strop of carry 400kg; And carry
Di Nima rope month 8km, satisfied use is gone straight up to long distance and is become the section exhibition to amplify the requirement over the ground of cross section strop.Placement process requires aloft strop to be loaded to open to do to guarantee that it soars over the ground, and the brake assemblies on the special-purpose pay off rack is controlled laying tension, and the exhibition of soaring of realization strop is put and catenary control.
After step S4, helicopter are crossed the lead-in wire lay auxiliary body on the tower, continue along the straight line slower flight, treat that the staff puts into lead-in wire lay auxiliary body with strop on the tower after, helicopter turns back on the central lines of track again and continues with normal speed lay strop.After the strop exhibition was put into section afterbody tower, if still have a surplus line on the paying out reel, then helicopter continued flight, and surplus line has been put.
Wherein, lead-in wire lay auxiliary body comprise three-wheel towards the sky coaster and wire clamp.Three-wheel all is located on the iron tower (iron tower comprises tangent tower and/or angle tower) towards sky coaster and wire clamp, puts direction according to the exhibition of strop, three-wheel towards the sky coaster be located at wire clamp the place ahead.Like Fig. 3, shown in 4, the structure of three-wheel coaster towards the sky comprises pulley 12, line ball cylinder 13 and is located at two pulley brackets 14 at releasing pulley two ends respectively.Each pulley bracket 14 is provided with three pulleys 12, and each pulley bracket 14 top is provided with 13, two pulley bracket 14 tops of a line ball cylinder and is fixedly connected through binding-beam 18, and two pulley bracket 14 bottoms are fixedly connected through base beam 15.Each pulley bracket 14 bottom also is provided with hook 17.16 connect through pulling pin between each line ball cylinder 13 and the corresponding pulley bracket 14.Binding-beam 18 two ends can be fixedly connected with two pulley brackets 14 through bolt respectively.
Wire clamp can be wooden wire clamp, and its structure is as shown in Figure 5, comprises two clamping plates 19 that is hinged and the base plate 20 of being located at clamping plate 19 bottom surfaces.Base plate 20 is provided with anchor hole 21.Clamping plate 19 tops are provided with a plurality of screw holes.Through can wire clamp being fixed on the iron tower at a plurality of quick nuts 22 of relative set on the screw hole.Carry out hinged through hinge 23 between the two clamping plates 19.
When helicopter is arrived in iron tower by plane; Staff on the tower in advance with three-wheel towards the sky coaster and wire clamp open; Treat that helicopter flies over, strop imports towards day coaster and after adjusting the vertical arc of strop; On the tower staff will be towards the sky coaster line ball reset roller (being about to line ball cylinder 13 installs and plug and pull pin 16) and strop is blocked with wire clamp, accomplish the anchoring temporarily of strop on tower.After helicopter was crossed iron tower, helicopter can continue along the straight line slower flight, and when the staff puts into strop three-wheel after pulley of sky coaster 12 and anchoring, helicopter turns back on the central lines of track again and continues with normal speed lay strop.After strop was anchored in iron tower, helicopter can continue next iron tower is laid draught line, can effectively utilize the lift of helicopter like this, and can guarantee the fail safe of helicopter.
After strop exhibition was put and finished on step S5, the airborne paying out reel, give an encore liftoff site or intermediate field of helicopter changed paying out reel.When changing paying out reel, helicopter in hover, specialty is artificial to unload former empty paying out reel, and another strop is installed.Perhaps directly prepare two cover pay off racks and be used alternatingly, directly pay off rack is changed together with paying out reel.Second reaches when guiding the exhibition of reel for rope strop to put later on; Adopt end banding sandbag mode; In position discharging sandbag after helicopter takes off begins exhibition and puts strop; The sandbag off-position should open up that to put the strop termination suitably overlapping with last axle, and easy to connect to guarantee diaxon strop termination, diaxon strop termination uses 5t bending resistance connector to connect.
Can realize that by above step S1 to S5 the exhibition of strop puts.
The strop exhibition method of putting that the embodiment of the invention proposes has the following advantages:
(1) started the soar precedent of " lay " strop construction of use helicopter; The Mini Tele-Copter flight of takeoff gross weight 2t level can be opened up the strop of putting the 8mm diameter and reached 6km; Greatly reduce and use this flight tool of helicopter to be used for the transmission line construction production cost; Making and go straight up to captain distance, become the section exhibition to put the strop construction becomes reality, makes the helicopter exhibition put strop and even exhibition payout, adss optical cable technology has possessed the actual condition of applying.
(2) construction technology is advanced, and is safe and reliable, and efficient is high, has avoided the payingoff construction external world to be obstructed and has seriously influenced day by day, has solved under the MODEL OVER COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY and has crossed over construction difficult problem.In addition, utilize helicopter lay strop not influenced by ground complex-terrain situation, reduced compensation for crops usefulness to greatest extent.
(3) the strop time short (for example exhibition is put about 20 minutes of 6km strop time spent) is put in exhibition, has liberated a large amount of manpowers, has shortened the transmission line stringing preparation of construction time greatly, has effectively guaranteed the stringing duration.
(4) can construct continuously, can become section, the long exhibition to put construction apart from the channeling conduct rope through distribution or the concentrated landing site that is provided with;
(5), can practice thrift the consumption of strop through helicopter lay strop and follow-up showing and placing of the tension strop.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; Yet be not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly be familiar with the professional and technical personnel, in not breaking away from technical scheme scope of the present invention; When the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement capable of using is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations; In every case be the content that does not break away from technical scheme of the present invention, to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did, all still belong in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. method is put in a strop exhibition, it is characterized in that, comprising:
At the payingoff mechanism that is being used for the strop lay paying out reel is installed, and with the payingoff mechanism carry in helicopter;
After helicopter flies over iron tower, the strop of said payingoff mechanism lay is placed the lead-in wire lay auxiliary body temporary fixed and the said strop of adjustment that is used for that is arranged at iron tower;
Said payingoff mechanism comprises pay off rack, be located at the brake assemblies on the pay off rack and be located at the line component that of pay off rack below; Said pay off rack comprises pay off rack support body and the paying out reel axle thick stick that is used to support paying out reel; Said paying out reel axle thick stick is located between two frames of said pay off rack support body; Said pay off rack support body top is provided with the link that is used for external helicopter; Saidly go out line component and comprise outlet bracing frame and outlet pulley; The top of said outlet bracing frame both sides is fixedly connected with the bottom of said pay off rack support body both sides respectively, and said outlet pulley is located at said outlet bracing frame bottom;
Said brake assemblies comprises brake rim, brake oil pipe, brake oil pump and the electric expansion bar that connects successively; Said brake rim is located at paying out reel axle thick stick and is fixedly connected part with the pay off rack support body; Said brake oil pump and said electric expansion bar are located at respectively on the said pay off rack support body, connect through said brake oil pipe between brake rim and the brake oil pump; The outer connected control system of said electric expansion bar end; Said brake rim is provided with a plurality of alignment pins that are used for fixing paying out reel.
2. method is put in strop exhibition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Said paying out reel axle thick stick one end is fixedly connected with said pay off rack support body one side frame bottom, and the other end flexibly connects with the draw-in groove that is fixed in said pay off rack support body another side frame bottom.
3. method is put in strop according to claim 1 exhibition, it is characterized in that, saidly at the payingoff mechanism that is used for the strop lay paying out reel is installed and is:
Paying out reel is installed on the said pay off rack, makes the strop outlet direction be positioned at the paying out reel below.
4. method is put in strop exhibition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Said lead-in wire lay auxiliary body comprise be used towards day coaster and the wire clamp that is used for strop is anchored in iron tower; Said court day coaster and said wire clamp all are located on the iron tower.
5. method is put in strop exhibition according to claim 4, it is characterized in that:
It is said that coaster comprises pulley, line ball cylinder and is located at said towards day two pulley brackets at coaster two ends respectively towards the sky; Each pulley bracket is provided with at least three pulleys, and each pulley bracket top is provided with a line ball cylinder; Two said pulley bracket tops are fixedly connected through binding-beam; Two said pulley bracket bottoms are fixedly connected through base beam; Be connected through pulling pin between said line ball cylinder and the said pulley bracket; Said binding-beam two ends are fixedly connected with two pulley brackets through bolt respectively.
6. method is put in strop exhibition according to claim 4, it is characterized in that:
Said wire clamp comprises two clamping plates that is hinged and the base plate of being located at the clamping plate bottom surface; Said base plate is provided with anchor hole, and the clamping plate top is provided with a plurality of screw holes; Carry out hinged through hinge between the said two clamping plates.
7. method is put in each described strop exhibition according to claim 4 to 6, it is characterized in that, said strop with said payingoff mechanism lay places the temporary fixed lead-in wire lay auxiliary body with the said strop of adjustment that is used for that is arranged at iron tower to be:
The strop of said payingoff mechanism lay is placed said pulley towards day coaster, behind helicopter tensioning strop with said wire clamp with the strop anchoring temporarily on iron tower.
8. method is put in each described strop exhibition according to claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that said method also comprises:
Before helicopter took off the lay strop, anchoring temporarily guided fag end or carrys additionally weight at the guiding fag end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010104983A CN102142663B (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2010-02-03 | Guide rope unwinding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010104983A CN102142663B (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2010-02-03 | Guide rope unwinding method |
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| CN102142663A CN102142663A (en) | 2011-08-03 |
| CN102142663B true CN102142663B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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| CN201010104983A Active CN102142663B (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2010-02-03 | Guide rope unwinding method |
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| CN107257107B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-01-04 | 国网山东省电力公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of traction rope unwrapping wire based on unmanned plane is from restraint device |
| CN110745625B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-06-22 | 浙江双友物流器械股份有限公司 | Rope releasing device of unmanned aerial vehicle |
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2010
- 2010-02-03 CN CN201010104983A patent/CN102142663B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 江辉.动力伞展放导引绳跨越电力线的施工工艺.《广东电力》.2008,第21卷(第3期),第61-63页，第71页. * |
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Owner name: STATE ELECTRIC NET CROP. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BEIJING ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION CO. Effective date: 20130924 Owner name: BEIJING ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION CO. NORTH CHINA GRID Free format text: FORMER OWNER: NORTH CHINA GRID CO., LTD. BEIJING ZHONGFEI AIWEI AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Effective date: 20130924 |
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Effective date of registration: 20130924 Address after: 100031 West Chang'an Avenue, Beijing, No. 86 Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee after: Beijing Electric Distribution Co. Patentee after: North China Grid Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Beijing Zhongfei Aiwei Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 102401 Beijing City, Fangshan District Liangxiang Haotian Street No. 8 Patentee before: Beijing Electric Distribution Co. Patentee before: North China Grid Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Beijing Zhongfei Aiwei Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd. |