CN102140361A - Method for preparing biological fuel oil - Google Patents

Method for preparing biological fuel oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102140361A
CN102140361A CN2011100446165A CN201110044616A CN102140361A CN 102140361 A CN102140361 A CN 102140361A CN 2011100446165 A CN2011100446165 A CN 2011100446165A CN 201110044616 A CN201110044616 A CN 201110044616A CN 102140361 A CN102140361 A CN 102140361A
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fuel
bio
fuel oil
synthetic
fischer
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CN102140361B (en
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税安泽
桥本芳郎
高新成
何能德
何俊超
马俊锋
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Hainan Lingao Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
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Xi'an Baorun Industrial Development Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for biological fuel oil. In the method, biological matter, mineral matter, household garbage and urban sludge are used as raw materials, and the raw materials are dehydrated and carbonized into a high-carbon content solid with a certain shape and size by a thermal-extrusion molding technique and then are prepared into the novel biological fuel oil by adopting a gasification process and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The method has the advantages of wide range of the raw materials, low production cost and high gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesizing efficiency and is easy to control the production process, and the biological fuel oil has the advantages of high yield and good quality and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

A kind of preparation method of bio-fuel-oil
Technical field
The present invention relates to the energy and energy-conserving and environment-protective field, specifically be meant a kind of high-level efficiency preparation method of new bio fuel oil.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid development of economy, automobile pollution rapidly increases, according to Traffic Administration Bureau of Ministry of Public Security statistics, in by the end of September, 2010 China's vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity reached 1.99 hundred million.Because the increase rapidly of automobile pollution, also when the river rises the boat goes up for the external interdependency of CNPC.The data presentation of CNPC and chemical industry federation, the first half of the year in 2010, the apparent consumption of CNPC reaches 2.2 hundred million tons, increases by 15.1% on a year-on-year basis, and externally interdependency is up to more than 55%.By present automobile pollution growth, estimate that the oil consumption amount of China will be doubled very soon within the several years.
The energy is the indispensable valuable source of human social development, is the grand strategy goods and materials that concern economic life line of the country and national defense safety.In recent years, along with being becoming increasingly acute of the urgent day by day and problem of environmental pollution of global energy crisis, the development of new green regenerative energy sources has been subjected to the great attention of countries in the world.
Therefore, have great social significance and economic worth in China's a kind of new bio fuel oil high-level efficiency technology of preparing that can be directly used in vehicle fuel of exploitation.
At present, the patent about bio-fuel-oil preparation has: " utilizing biomass material to produce the method for liquid fuel " (CN101168679A), " preparation technology of bio-oil and device thereof " (CN1844317A), " with the method for plant refuse production biofuel and soil redeposition " (CN101007957A), " biofuel and preparation method thereof is produced in a kind of plant destructive distillation " (CN101245269A), " a kind of biomass solid fuel and complete processing " (CN101307266A) etc.These patents at first need raw material is carried out drying, pulverizing, screening, carry out enzymic hydrolysis saccharification, ethanol fermentation or cracking etc. then, prepare fatty acid methyl ester or other biological fuel oil by esterification at last.Complex technical process, raw material range is narrow, and the fuel qualities that makes is low, need can be used for vehicle fuel after processing such as distillation, separation, and high-quality fuel oil yield is low.
Patent about the biomass material forming process has: " a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process " (CN1810928A), " as the biological substance shaped granule process of gasified raw material " (CN1745891A), " a kind of forming machine for straw in biomass " (CN1915631A), " biomass energy particles shaper " (CN2880434A), " a kind of biomass solid fuel and complete processing " (CN101307266A) etc.These patents need carry out carrying out extrusion molding again after drying, pulverizing, screening or charing are handled to raw material, and technological process is numerous and diverse, energy consumption height (being that energy utilization ratio is low), and do not relate to the preparation of novel (high-quality) bio-fuel-oil.
In addition, there is one piece to utilize the patent of screw rod extruding preparation bio-fuel-oil " to utilize screw extruder to prepare the method for bio-fuel-oil and combustible gas " (CN101045874A), adopt screw extruder, water-containing biomass material is compressed propelling, by regulating biomass material in the residence time of screw extruder heating region, the bio-fuel-oil and the combustible gas of preparation low oxygen content, high heating value.Though this patent has been carried out processed to raw material, both do not related to carbonization process, do not relate to the carbon content problem again, and it is synthetic also not relate to gasification and Fischer-Tropsch, therefore, the bio-fuel-oil quality that makes is low, yield is low, need distill, can be used for vehicle fuel after the separating treatment.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of high-level efficiency preparation method of new bio fuel oil is provided.The present invention is a raw material with biomass, mineral substance, domestic refuse, municipal sludge, adopts hot extrusion forming technology, makes raw material dehydration, charing become the high-carbon content solid of definite shape and size, synthesizes preparation new bio fuel oil by gasifying process and Fischer-Tropsch.Raw material range of the present invention is wide, production cost is low, gasification and Fischer-Tropsch combined coefficient height, production technique are easy to control, bio-fuel-oil yield height, quality good (the above hydrocarbon content of C9 is greater than 90vol%).
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of bio-fuel-oil the steps include: that a) carbon raw material being dropped into the hot extrusion molding machine carries out hot extrusion molding, makes the high-carbon content solid; B) the high-carbon content solid is dropped into vapourizing furnace gasification, preparation hydrogen and carbon monoxide synthetic gas; C) synthetic gas is fed the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower and prepare bio-fuel-oil gas; D) bio-fuel-oil gas is carried out condensation, separates and to obtain bio-fuel-oil.
Described carbon raw material comprises biomass, mineral substance, domestic refuse and municipal sludge.
The temperature of hot extrusion molding is 20-1180 ℃ in the described step a), and pressure is 0.0001-500MPa.
Carbon content in the described high-carbon content solid is 30-99.9wt%.
Gasification temperature is 180-1200 ℃ in the described step b), contains in the synthetic gas that makes: hydrogen 24-80%, carbon monoxide 12-40vol%.
The synthetic fuel vapor that makes of described Fischer-Tropsch consists of: C2-C4 hydrocarbon 1-3vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 3-5vol%, the above hydrocarbon of C9 are greater than 90vol%.
Unreacting gas after described Fischer-Tropsch is synthetic imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower again, and to carry out fuel oil synthetic.
Described biomass are biomass such as stalk, straw, bagasse, timber, wood chip, branch, biological algae and careless class.
Described mineral substance is carbon containing minerals such as coal.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1, raw material sources of the present invention are wide, both can use biomass materials such as stalk, straw, bagasse, timber, wood chip, branch, biological algae and careless class, also can use domestic refuse and municipal sludges such as raw mineral materials, kitchen castoff such as coal.
2, the present invention prepares definite shape and big or small high-carbon content solid by hot extrusion molding, helps the stable, easy to operate of gasifying process.
3, the present invention's transformation efficiency height (greater than 80%) that gasifies can prepare the hydrogen (can greater than 70vol%) of high density, helps the production of high-quality biological fuel oil, and Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis conversion height (greater than 70-80%).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Referring to Fig. 1, after carbon raw material drops into the hot extrusion molding machine, at temperature 20-1180 ℃, under the pressure 0.0001-500MPa condition, dehydration, charing become the high-carbon content solid of definite shape and size, and it is imported vapourizing furnace, turn to hydrogen and carbon monoxide temperature 180-1200 ℃ and the water vapor conditions therapeutic method to keep the adverse qi flowing downward, import Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower synthesising biological fuel vapor after purifying, pressurizeing, gas makes the high-quality biological fuel oil after condensation, separation.
Embodiment 1
The first step drops into the hot extrusion molding machine with wheat stalk, makes the solids of carbon content 99.9wt% under 720 ℃, 350MPa condition.
Second step was dropped into vapourizing furnace with solids, gasified under 870 ℃ of conditions, and (all the other compositions are CO to make the synthetic gas that contains 62.4vol% hydrogen, 29.2vol% carbon monoxide 2And CH 4Deng).
The 3rd step synthetic gas imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower after purifying, compressing, make the bio-fuel-oil of C2-C4 hydrocarbon 1.5vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 4.2vol%, the above hydrocarbon 93.6vol% of C9.
Embodiment 2
The first step drops into the hot extrusion molding machine with straw, makes the solids of carbon content 52.1wt% under 1180 ℃, 0.0001MPa condition.
Second step was dropped into vapourizing furnace with solids, gasified under 1200 ℃ of conditions, and (all the other compositions are CO to make the synthetic gas that contains 80.0vol% hydrogen, 18.9vol% carbon monoxide 2And CH 4Deng).
The 3rd step synthetic gas imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower after purifying, compressing, make the bio-fuel-oil of C2-C4 hydrocarbon 1.0vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 3.0vol%, the above hydrocarbon 94.1vol% of C9.
Embodiment 3
The first step drops into the hot extrusion molding machine with bagasse, makes the solids of carbon content 73.5wt% under 350 ℃, 56MPa condition.
Second step was dropped into vapourizing furnace with solids, gasified under 180 ℃ of conditions, and (all the other compositions are CO to make the synthetic gas that contains 24.0vol% hydrogen, 40.0vol% carbon monoxide 2And CH 4Deng).
The 3rd step synthetic gas imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower after purifying, compressing, make the bio-fuel-oil of C2-C4 hydrocarbon 3.0vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 3.9vol%, the above hydrocarbon 90.0vol% of C9.
Embodiment 4
The first step drops into the hot extrusion molding machine with apple branch, makes the solids of carbon content 48.7wt% under 20 ℃, 500MPa condition.
Second step was dropped into vapourizing furnace with solids, gasified under 950 ℃ of conditions, and (all the other compositions are CO to make the synthetic gas that contains 58.3vol% hydrogen, 27.4vol% carbon monoxide 2And CH 4Deng).
The 3rd step synthetic gas imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower after purifying, compressing, make the bio-fuel-oil of C2-C4 hydrocarbon 2.1vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 5.0vol%, the above hydrocarbon 91.8vol% of C9.
Embodiment 5
The first step drops into the hot extrusion molding machine with coal, makes the solids of carbon content 85.2% under 760 ℃, 3MPa condition.
Second step was dropped into vapourizing furnace with solids, gasified under 1000 ℃ of conditions, and (all the other compositions are CO to make the synthetic gas that contains 53.7vol% hydrogen, 26.8vol% carbon monoxide 2And CH 4Deng).
The 3rd step synthetic gas imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower after purifying, compressing, make the bio-fuel-oil of C2-C4 hydrocarbon 1.2vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 3.1vol%, the above hydrocarbon 93.3vol% of C9.
Embodiment 6
The first step drops into the hot extrusion molding machine with changing food waste, makes the solids of carbon content 65.7% under 180 ℃, 210MPa condition.
Second step was dropped into vapourizing furnace with solids, gasified under 470 ℃ of conditions, and (all the other compositions are CO to make the synthetic gas that contains 43.6vol% hydrogen, 25.1vol% carbon monoxide 2And CH 4Deng).
The 3rd step synthetic gas imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower after purifying, compressing, make the bio-fuel-oil of C2-C4 hydrocarbon 2.6vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 4.4vol%, the above hydrocarbon 90.5vol% of C9.
Embodiment 7
The first step drops into the hot extrusion molding machine with municipal sludge, makes the solids of carbon content 30.0% under 600 ℃, 100MPa condition.
Second step was dropped into vapourizing furnace with solids, gasified under 1000 ℃ of conditions, and (all the other compositions are CO to make the synthetic gas that contains 52.2vol% hydrogen, 30.7vol% carbon monoxide 2And CH 4Deng).
The 3rd step synthetic gas imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower after purifying, compressing, make the bio-fuel-oil of C2-C4 hydrocarbon 2.8vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 4.8vol%, the above hydrocarbon 90.3vol% of C9.
Above content is to further describing that the present invention did in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation; can not assert that the specific embodiment of the present invention only limits to this; for the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the present invention and determine scope of patent protection by claims of being submitted to.

Claims (9)

1. the preparation method of a bio-fuel-oil is characterized in that, step is: a) carbon raw material is dropped into the hot extrusion molding machine and carry out hot extrusion molding, make the high-carbon content solid; B) the high-carbon content solid is dropped into vapourizing furnace gasification, preparation hydrogen and carbon monoxide synthetic gas; C) synthetic gas is fed the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower and prepare bio-fuel-oil gas; D) bio-fuel-oil gas is carried out condensation, separates and to obtain bio-fuel-oil.
2. the preparation method of a kind of bio-fuel-oil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described carbon raw material comprises biomass, mineral substance, domestic refuse and municipal sludge.
3. the high-level efficiency preparation method of a kind of new bio fuel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature of hot extrusion molding is 20-1180 ℃ in the described step a), and pressure is 0.0001-500MPa.
4. the high-level efficiency preparation method of a kind of new bio fuel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the carbon content in the described high-carbon content solid is 30-99.9wt%.
5. the high-level efficiency preparation method of a kind of new bio fuel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gasification temperature is 180-1200 ℃ in the described step b), contains in the synthetic gas that makes: hydrogen 24-80% and carbon monoxide 12-40vol%.
6. the high-level efficiency preparation method of a kind of new bio fuel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the synthetic fuel vapor that makes of described Fischer-Tropsch consists of: C2-C4 hydrocarbon 1-3vol%, C5-C8 hydrocarbon 3-5vol%, the above hydrocarbon of C9 are greater than 90vol%.
7. the high-level efficiency preparation method of a kind of new bio fuel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the unreacting gas after described Fischer-Tropsch is synthetic imports the Fischer-Tropsch synthetic tower again, and to carry out fuel oil synthetic.
8. the high-level efficiency preparation method of a kind of new bio fuel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described biomass are biomass such as stalk, straw, bagasse, timber, wood chip, branch, biological algae and careless class.
9. the high-level efficiency preparation method of a kind of new bio fuel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described mineral substance is carbon containing minerals such as coal.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104818637A (en) * 2015-03-31 2015-08-05 李秀芳 Method for preparing xylooligosaccharide, dissolving pulp and biological fuel oil from biological straws

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101845319A (en) * 2010-05-26 2010-09-29 陕西金巢投资有限公司 Process for producing wax and clean fuel oil by using biomass as raw material

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101845319A (en) * 2010-05-26 2010-09-29 陕西金巢投资有限公司 Process for producing wax and clean fuel oil by using biomass as raw material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104818637A (en) * 2015-03-31 2015-08-05 李秀芳 Method for preparing xylooligosaccharide, dissolving pulp and biological fuel oil from biological straws

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