CN102139373A - Method for preparing lamellar FeAl-based composite plates - Google Patents
Method for preparing lamellar FeAl-based composite plates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing lamellar FeAl-based composite plates, which relates to a method for preparing composite plates and solves the problems of large brittleness and poor strength of the conventional iron-aluminum intermetallic compounds at room temperature. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing aluminum substrate powder and ceramic granules uniformly, performing cold molding, and putting the mixture into a vacuum hot-pressing furnace to obtain ceramic granule-enhanced aluminum-based composite blanks; and rolling the ceramic granule-enhanced aluminum-based composite blanks to form thin plates, stacking alternately with pure iron plates, and performing hot pressing, hot rolling and heat treatment to obtain the lamellar FeAl-based composite plates. Interfaces of composites prepared by the method are flat and straight and high in combination; the broken bending strength of the composite plates at room temperature can reach 1,132 MPa and is about 1.4 times that of a substrate; and compared with that of the substrate, the yield strength of the composite plates at the temperature of 750 DEG C is improved substantially, namely is improved by about 26 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of composite board.
Background technology
Fe-Al intermetallic compound (FeAl and Fe
3Al) abundant raw material, with low cost, density is low, specific strength is high, wearability good, anti-oxidant (sulfuration), corrosion resistance excellence, as high-temperature structural material in a new generation and stainless steel substitution material, the application in high temperature adverse circumstances such as smelting furnace device, heat exchanging pipe, automobile valve, fused salt element of installation has bright prospects.But, up to now, the FeAl alloy large-scale commercial Application that still is unrealized, main cause is that two big shortcomings of intermetallic Fe-Al compound are solved as yet at all, that is: room temperature fragility is big, and Al content is high more, the fragility that is caused by grain-boundary weakness is serious more, processing difficulties; Intensity sharply descended after temperature surpassed 600 ℃, and creep-resistant property is poor, and it is not high that high temperature is used the limit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is that existing intermetallic Fe-Al compound room temperature fragility is big, the problem of intensity difference in order to solve, and a kind of preparation method of stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material is provided.
The preparation method of stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material of the present invention is as follows: one, the aluminum substrate powder of 80~95 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 5~20 volume parts are added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling; Two, the material powder that mixes is packed in the graphite jig, cold moudling, then the material of cold moudling is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, in vacuum is that 0.01Pa~0.03Pa, temperature are that 500 ℃~630 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 15MPa~35MPa, 60min~120min keep-ups pressure, be cooled to room temperature then, move back mould, obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank; Three, under 300 ℃~600 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate, carry out annealing in process then, obtaining thickness is the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate of 0.2mm~2mm; Four, ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate and pure iron plate is alternately laminated, be under the condition of 30Mpa at 300 ℃~600 ℃, pressure then, hot pressing 3h, get the hot pressing multilayer composite board, then under 20 ℃~600 ℃ conditions, the hot pressing multilayer composite board that obtains is carried out hot rolling handle, obtain the iron-aluminium composite board that thickness is 3mm~8mm; Five, be that 0.01Pa~0.03Pa, pressure are that 5MPa~25MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 10h~40h under 800 ℃~1400 ℃ conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material; The powder of aluminum substrate described in the step 1 is aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, and the average grain diameter of described aluminium powder is 20 μ m~30 μ m, and purity is 99% (quality); Ceramic particle described in the step 1 is zirconia, titanium diboride or silicon-carbide particle, and the average grain diameter of ceramic particle is 3 μ m~10 μ m; The purity of pure iron plate described in the step 4 is greater than 99% (quality).
The present invention utilizes the chemical reaction between the iron aluminium, and by rolling after-baking, original position is synthesized FeAl (B2) alloy, obtains the FeAl based composite material sheet material of stratiform and dense structure, has enlarged its application.This method not only technology is simple, and production cost is low, can be expected to be used for fields such as Aero-Space, auto industry, energy conversion system.
The interface of the composite of the present invention's preparation is comparatively straight, and in conjunction with better, the disconnected room temperature bending strength of composite board can reach 1132MPa, is approximately 1.4 times of matrix.In the time of 750 ℃, its yield strength ratio matrix has raising by a relatively large margin, and increase rate is approximately 26%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the pattern photo of gained stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material in the specific embodiment ten.
The specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following cited specific embodiment, also comprises any combination between each specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment preparation method is as follows: one, the aluminum substrate powder of 80~95 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 5~20 volume parts are added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling; Two, the material powder that mixes is packed in the graphite jig, cold moudling, then the material of cold moudling is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, in vacuum is that 0.01Pa~0.03Pa, temperature are that 500 ℃~630 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 15MPa~35MPa, 60min~120min keep-ups pressure, be cooled to room temperature then, move back mould, obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank; Three, under 300 ℃~600 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate, carry out annealing in process then, obtaining thickness is the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate of 0.2mm~2mm; Four, ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate and pure iron plate is alternately laminated, be under the condition of 30Mpa at 300 ℃~600 ℃, pressure then, hot pressing 3h, get the hot pressing multilayer composite board, then under 20 ℃~600 ℃ conditions, the hot pressing multilayer composite board that obtains is carried out hot rolling handle, obtain the iron-aluminium composite board that thickness is 3mm~8mm; Five, be that 0.01Pa~0.03Pa, pressure are that 5MPa~25MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 10h~40h under 800 ℃~1400 ℃ conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material; The powder of aluminum substrate described in the step 1 is aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, and the average grain diameter of described aluminium powder is 20 μ m~30 μ m, and purity is 99%; Ceramic particle described in the step 1 is zirconia, titanium diboride or silicon-carbide particle, and the average grain diameter of ceramic particle is 3 μ m~10 μ m; The purity of pure iron plate described in the step 4 is greater than 99%.
Present embodiment is utilized the chemical reaction between the iron aluminium, and by rolling after-baking, original position is synthesized FeAl (B2) alloy, obtains the FeAl based composite material sheet material of stratiform and dense structure.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment and the specific embodiment one are different is in the step 1 ceramic particle of the aluminum substrate powder of 85 volume parts and 15 volume parts to be added to mix in the powder machine, mixes the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is different with one of the specific embodiment one or two is to be that 0.01Pa, temperature are that 600 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 25MPa in vacuum in the step 2, and 120min keep-ups pressure.Other is identical with one of the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is different with one of the specific embodiment one or two is to be that 0.03Pa, temperature are that 550 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 20MPa in vacuum in the step 2, and 60min keep-ups pressure.Other is identical with one of the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment is different with one of the specific embodiment one or two be in the step 3 under 200 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate.Other is identical with one of the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment six: present embodiment is different with one of the specific embodiment one or two is to be under the condition of 30Mpa at 350 ℃, pressure in the step 4, hot pressing 3h, the hot pressing multilayer composite board.Other is identical with one of the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment seven: present embodiment is different with one of the specific embodiment one or two is to be that 0.02Pa, pressure are that 20MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 30h under 1000 ℃ of conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum in the step 5, obtains stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material.Other is identical with one of the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment eight: the preparation method of present embodiment stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material is as follows: one, the aluminum substrate powder of 80 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 20 volume parts are added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling; Two, the material powder that mixes is packed in the graphite jig, cold moudling, then the material of cold moudling is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, in vacuum is that 0.01Pa, temperature are that 500 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 15MPa, 60min keep-ups pressure, be cooled to room temperature then, move back mould, obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank; Three, under 300 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate, carry out annealing in process then, obtaining thickness is the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate of 0.2mm; Four, ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate and pure iron plate is alternately laminated, be under the condition of 30Mpa at 300 ℃, pressure then, hot pressing 3h, get the hot pressing multilayer composite board, then under 20 ℃ of conditions, the hot pressing multilayer composite board that obtains is carried out hot rolling handle, obtain the iron-aluminium composite board that thickness is 3mm; Five, be that 0.01Pa, pressure are that 5MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 10h under 800 ℃ of conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material; The powder of aluminum substrate described in the step 1 is aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, and the average grain diameter of described aluminium powder is 20 μ m, and purity is 99%; Ceramic particle described in the step 1 is zirconia, titanium diboride or silicon-carbide particle, and the average grain diameter of ceramic particle is 3 μ m; The purity of pure iron plate described in the step 4 is greater than 99%.
Present embodiment is utilized the chemical reaction between the iron aluminium, and by rolling after-baking, original position is synthesized FeAl (B2) alloy, obtains the FeAl based composite material sheet material of stratiform and dense structure.
The specific embodiment nine: the preparation method of present embodiment stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material is as follows: one, the aluminum substrate powder of 95 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 5 volume parts are added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling; Two, the material powder that mixes is packed in the graphite jig, cold moudling, then the material of cold moudling is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, in vacuum is that 0.03Pa, temperature are that 630 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 35MPa, 120min keep-ups pressure, be cooled to room temperature then, move back mould, obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank; Three, under 600 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate, carry out annealing in process then, obtaining thickness is the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate of 2mm; Four, ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate and pure iron plate is alternately laminated, be under the condition of 30Mpa at 600 ℃, pressure then, hot pressing 3h, get the hot pressing multilayer composite board, then under 600 ℃ of conditions, the hot pressing multilayer composite board that obtains is carried out hot rolling handle, obtain the iron-aluminium composite board that thickness is 8mm; Five, be that 0.03Pa, pressure are that 25MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 40h under 1400 ℃ of conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material; The powder of aluminum substrate described in the step 1 is aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, and the average grain diameter of described aluminium powder is 30 μ m, and purity is 99%; Ceramic particle described in the step 1 is zirconia, titanium diboride or silicon-carbide particle, and the average grain diameter of ceramic particle is 10 μ m; The purity of pure iron plate described in the step 4 is greater than 99%.
Present embodiment is utilized the chemical reaction between the iron aluminium, and by rolling after-baking, original position is synthesized FeAl (B2) alloy, obtains the FeAl based composite material sheet material of stratiform and dense structure.
The specific embodiment ten: the preparation method of present embodiment stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material is as follows: one, the aluminum substrate powder of 85 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 15 volume parts are added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling; Two, the material powder that mixes is packed in the graphite jig, cold moudling, then the material of cold moudling is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, in vacuum is that 0.01Pa, temperature are that 600 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 25MPa, 60min keep-ups pressure, be cooled to room temperature then, move back mould, obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank; Three, under 300 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate, carry out annealing in process then, obtaining thickness is the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate of 0.4mm; Four, with alternately laminated 11 layers of ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate and pure iron plate, be under the condition of 30Mpa at 500 ℃, pressure then, hot pressing 3h, get the hot pressing multilayer composite board, then under 200 ℃ of conditions, the hot pressing multilayer composite board that obtains is carried out hot rolling handle, obtain the iron-aluminium composite board that thickness is 3mm; Five, be that 0.01Pa, pressure are that 5MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 30h under 1300 ℃ of conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material; The powder of aluminum substrate described in the step 1 is an aluminium powder, and the average grain diameter of described aluminium powder is 30 μ m, and purity is 99%; Ceramic particle described in the step 1 is a silicon-carbide particle, and average grain diameter is 5 μ m; The purity of pure iron plate described in the step 4 is greater than 99%, and thickness is 0.4mm.
Present embodiment is utilized the chemical reaction between the iron aluminium, and by rolling after-baking, original position is synthesized FeAl (B2) alloy, obtains the FeAl based composite material sheet material of stratiform and dense structure.
No particle zone is a pure iron aluminium among Fig. 1, and the particle zone strengthens iron-aluminum-based composites for silicon-carbide particle.As can be seen from Figure 1, the interface of composite is comparatively straight, in conjunction with better.The disconnected room temperature bending strength of composite board that makes by present embodiment is 1132MPa, is approximately 1.4 times of matrix.In the time of 750 ℃, its yield strength ratio matrix has raising by a relatively large margin, and increase rate is approximately 26%.
The specific embodiment 11: the preparation method of present embodiment stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material is as follows: one, the aluminum substrate powder of 80 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 20 volume parts are added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling; Two, the material powder that mixes is packed in the graphite jig, cold moudling, then the material of cold moudling is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, in vacuum is that 0.03Pa, temperature are that 550 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 20MPa, 60min keep-ups pressure, be cooled to room temperature then, move back mould, obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank; Three, under 500 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate, carry out annealing in process then, obtaining thickness is the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate of 2mm; Four, with alternately laminated 7 layers of ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate and pure iron plate, be under the condition of 30Mpa at 350 ℃, pressure then, hot pressing 3h, get the hot pressing multilayer composite board, then under 500 ℃ of conditions, the hot pressing multilayer composite board that obtains is carried out hot rolling handle, obtain the iron-aluminium composite board that thickness is 5mm; Five, be that 0.03Pa, pressure are that 25MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 30h under 1200 ℃ of conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material; The powder of aluminum substrate described in the step 1 is an aluminium powder, and the average grain diameter of described aluminium powder is 20 μ m, and purity is 99%; Ceramic particle described in the step 1 is a zirconia, and the zirconia average grain diameter is 4 μ m; The purity of pure iron plate described in the step 4 is greater than 99%.
Present embodiment is utilized the chemical reaction between the iron aluminium, and by rolling after-baking, original position is synthesized FeAl (B2) alloy, obtains the FeAl based composite material sheet material of stratiform and dense structure.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material, the preparation method who it is characterized in that stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material is as follows: one, the aluminum substrate powder of 80~95 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 5~20 volume parts are added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling; Two, the material powder that mixes is packed in the graphite jig, cold moudling, then the material of cold moudling is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, in vacuum is that 0.01Pa~0.03Pa, temperature are that 500 ℃~630 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 15MPa~35MPa, 60min~120min keep-ups pressure, be cooled to room temperature then, move back mould, obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank; Three, under 300 ℃~600 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling is become thin plate, carry out annealing in process then, obtaining thickness is the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate of 0.2mm~2mm; Four, ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material plate and pure iron plate is alternately laminated, be under the condition of 30Mpa at 300 ℃~600 ℃, pressure then, hot pressing 3h, get the hot pressing multilayer composite board, then under 20 ℃~600 ℃ conditions, the hot pressing multilayer composite board that obtains is carried out hot rolling handle, obtain the iron-aluminium composite board that thickness is 3mm~8mm; Five, be that 0.01Pa~0.03Pa, pressure are that 5MPa~25MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 10h~40h under 800 ℃~1400 ℃ conditions with iron-aluminium composite board in vacuum, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material; The powder of aluminum substrate described in the step 1 is aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, and the average grain diameter of described aluminium powder is 20 μ m~30 μ m, and purity is 99%; Ceramic particle described in the step 1 is zirconia, titanium diboride or silicon-carbide particle, and the average grain diameter of ceramic particle is 3 μ m~10 μ m; The purity of pure iron plate described in the step 4 is greater than 99%.
2. according to the preparation method of the layered FeAl based composite material sheet material of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step 1 aluminum substrate powder of 85 volume parts and the ceramic particle of 15 volume parts being added in the mixed powder machine, mix the material powder that powder obtains mixing by ball milling.
3. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 layered FeAl based composite material sheet materials, it is characterized in that in the step 2 in vacuum being that 0.01Pa, temperature are that 600 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 25MPa, 120min keep-ups pressure.
4. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 layered FeAl based composite material sheet materials, it is characterized in that in the step 2 in vacuum being that 0.03Pa, temperature are that 550 ℃, pressure are under the condition of 20MPa, 60min keep-ups pressure.
5. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 layered FeAl based composite material sheet materials, it is characterized in that in the step 3 under 200 ℃ condition, the ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material blank rolling being become thin plate.
6. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 layered FeAl based composite material sheet materials, it is characterized in that in the step 4 that at 350 ℃, pressure be under the condition of 30Mpa, hot pressing 3h, the hot pressing multilayer composite board.
7. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 layered FeAl based composite material sheet materials, it is characterized in that in the step 5 with iron-aluminium composite board being that 0.02Pa, pressure are that 20MPa, temperature are to heat-treat 30h under 1000 ℃ of conditions, obtain stratiform FeAl based composite material sheet material in vacuum.
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CN1398819A (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2003-02-26 | 山东大学 | Intermetallic Fe-Al compound/zirconia ceramic composite material and its prepn process |
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