CN102137275B - Method and device for rapidly pushing unicast stream in rapid channel switching - Google Patents

Method and device for rapidly pushing unicast stream in rapid channel switching Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102137275B
CN102137275B CN2010106027832A CN201010602783A CN102137275B CN 102137275 B CN102137275 B CN 102137275B CN 2010106027832 A CN2010106027832 A CN 2010106027832A CN 201010602783 A CN201010602783 A CN 201010602783A CN 102137275 B CN102137275 B CN 102137275B
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date
multicast
frame
terminal
message
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CN102137275A (en
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吴杏芬
于田昌
黄治平
郑合文
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2010106027832A priority Critical patent/CN102137275B/en
Publication of CN102137275A publication Critical patent/CN102137275A/en
Priority to CA2758763A priority patent/CA2758763C/en
Priority to HUE11191244A priority patent/HUE025968T2/en
Priority to EP11191244.0A priority patent/EP2466911B1/en
Priority to MX2011013684A priority patent/MX2011013684A/en
Priority to BRPI1107348A priority patent/BRPI1107348B8/en
Priority to US13/331,579 priority patent/US8861372B2/en
Priority to JP2011277873A priority patent/JP5421346B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
    • H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/611—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for multicast or broadcast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/752—Media network packet handling adapting media to network capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for rapidly pushing unicast stream in rapid channel switching, belonging to the field of IPTV (internet protocol television) rapid channel switching. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring a multicast addition delay of a terminal; determining the minimum of data quantity from the initial position of a rapid unicast stream to the position of the newest message according to the multicast addition delay of the terminal, decoding rate, unicast pushing rate and minimum cache data quantity required by decoding; according to the cache state of the message, judging whether the newest frame I completely arrives or not; and if the newest frame I completely arrives and the data quantity formed from the newest frame I is more than or equal to the minimum, starting rapid unicast stream pushing from the newest frame I. The device comprises an acquiring module, a determining module, a judging module and a pushing module. By adopting the scheme in the invention, the burst flow is reduced, and underflow of terminal cache can not be caused by overhigh multicast addition delay, thus the quality of a displaying picture of the terminal is guaranteed, the bandwidth requirement is lowered and the channel content synchronizing time is reduced.

Description

During switching, fast channel pushes the method and apparatus of unicast stream fast
Technical field
The present invention relates to IPTV (Internet Protocol Television, network protocol television) fast channel and switch the field, push the method and apparatus of unicast stream during particularly a kind of fast channel switches fast.
Background technology
Compare with traditional DTV, there is channel long shortcoming switching time in IPTV, and the fast channel changing method can shorten channel change delay.
In the fast channel handoff procedure, after server receives the fast channel handoff request that STB (Set Top Box, STB) sends, begin to push fast unicast stream from the previous I frame of up-to-date I frame (intra picture, frame interior).
Prior art begins to push fast unicast stream from the previous I frame of up-to-date I frame, and burst flow is bigger, has increased bandwidth demand; And STB begins decoding from the previous I frame of up-to-date I frame, so image content is more Zao than up-to-date channel content, and the content after promptly fast channel switches lags behind than up-to-date channel content.The channel content that need STB be play to up-to-date channel content, increases the Synchronous Processing time from the previous I frame synchronization of up-to-date I frame.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce burst flow and channel content Synchronous Processing time, the embodiment of the invention provides the method and apparatus that pushes unicast stream in a kind of fast channel switching fast.Said technical scheme is following:
Push the method for unicast stream during a kind of fast channel switches fast, said method comprises:
The multicast that obtains the terminal joins delay;
Multicast according to said terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
According to the packet buffer state, judge the whether complete arrival of up-to-date I frame;
If the complete arrival of said up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from said up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream more than or equal to said minimum value from said up-to-date I frame.
Push the device of unicast stream during a kind of fast channel switches fast, said device comprises:
Acquisition module, the multicast that is used to obtain the terminal joins delay;
Determination module is used for that multicast according to said terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
Judge module is used for according to the packet buffer state, judges the whether complete arrival of up-to-date I frame;
Push module, if be used for the complete arrival of said up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from said up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream more than or equal to said minimum value from said up-to-date I frame.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is brought is:
Multicast through according to the terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position; The data volume that begins to have arrived when the complete arrival of up-to-date I frame and from up-to-date I frame is during more than or equal to minimum value; Begin to push fast unicast stream from up-to-date I frame; Begin to push fast unicast stream with respect to fixing previous I frame, when reducing burst flow, guarantee that terminal buffers can be because of the multicast excessive underflow that joins delay from up-to-date I frame; Thereby in the quality that guarantees the terminal plays picture, the Synchronous Processing time of having reduced bandwidth demand and channel content.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work property, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that pushes unicast stream in the fast channel switching that provides in the embodiment of the invention 1 fast;
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram that pushes unicast stream in the fast channel switching that provides in the embodiment of the invention 2 fast;
Fig. 3 is the RTCP XR extended message sketch map that provides in the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 4 is the information interaction figure that the fast channel that provides in the embodiment of the invention 2 switches;
Fig. 5 is the packet buffer view that provides in the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 6 is the apparatus structure sketch map that pushes unicast stream in the fast channel switching that provides in the embodiment of the invention 3 fast.
Embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, will combine accompanying drawing that embodiment of the present invention is done to describe in detail further below.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, present embodiment provides the method that pushes unicast stream in a kind of fast channel switching fast, and this method comprises:
101: the multicast that obtains the terminal joins delay.
Wherein, the terminal can be STB, PC, and TV, perhaps portable terminal such as mobile phone, panel computer, present embodiment does not limit.
102: the multicast according to this terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position.
This quick unicast stream original position is used for guaranteeing the terminal to the minimum value of data volume between the up-to-date message position the data volume of buffer memory after joining delay through above-mentioned multicast still greater than the required minimum buffer data size of above-mentioned decoding.The required minimum buffer data size of above-mentioned decoding can be zero.
103:, judge the whether complete arrival of this up-to-date I frame according to the packet buffer state.
104: if the complete arrival of this up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from this up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream more than or equal to this minimum value from this up-to-date I frame.
In the fast channel handoff procedure, server pushes unicast stream after receiving the fast channel handoff request of sending at the terminal fast.The so-called unicast stream that pushes fast is meant the speed that pushes unicast stream greater than original rate, for instance, is 1.3 times of original rate.The terminal receives unicast stream and unicast stream is decoded, and decoding speed is equivalent to original rate basically.When the discovering server unicast stream caught up with (catch) multicast data flow, beginning pushed unicast stream at a slow speed, and sent the multicast message synchronization message to the terminal.The so-called unicast stream that pushes at a slow speed is meant that the speed that pushes unicast stream less than original rate, for instance, is 0.3 times of speed of original rate.Why server pushes unicast stream at a slow speed, is to reserve enough bandwidth for the multicast data flow of will receive for the terminal, and the speed that the speed that therefore pushes at a slow speed is generally quick propelling movement subtracts original rate; Certainly; Other speed and mode for example continue to push unicast stream fast, also are fine.After the multicast message synchronization message is received at the terminal, send IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol, Internet Group Management Protocol) Join (adding) message to multicast replication point and add multicast with request, prepare receiving group stream.Because decode rate is greater than pushing speed at a slow speed; Can constantly consume the data in the buffer memory in decoding terminals and the broadcasting pictures process; If from sending IGMP Join message (because server when beginning to push unicast stream at a slow speed, sends the multicast message synchronization message simultaneously, so when IGMP Join message is sent at the terminal usually; Also be the moment that begins to receive at a slow speed the unicast stream that pushes) receive the time delay between the multicast data flow to the terminal; It is excessive to be that multicast joins delay, and the data volume in the buffer memory maybe underflow (underflow), promptly reduces to below the threshold value even is emptied fully; Decoder does not have enough data in order to decoding, thereby pausing or spending the phenomenon of shielding can appear in broadcasting pictures.
Present embodiment through the multicast according to the terminal join delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position; The data volume that begins to have arrived when the complete arrival of up-to-date I frame and from up-to-date I frame is during more than or equal to minimum value; Begin to push fast unicast stream from up-to-date I frame; Begin to push fast unicast stream with respect to fixing previous I frame, when reducing burst flow, guarantee that terminal buffers can be because of the multicast excessive underflow that joins delay from up-to-date I frame; Thereby in the quality that guarantees the terminal plays picture, the Synchronous Processing time of having reduced bandwidth demand and channel content.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1, to improve, and referring to Fig. 2, the method that pushes unicast stream during a kind of fast channel switches fast comprises:
201: the multicast that server obtains the terminal joins delay;
Concrete; RTCP (the Real-time Transport Control Protocol that receiving terminal sends; RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol) XR (Extended Report; Extended report) the join delay relevant information of (IGMPJoinDelay) of extended message, the multicast of this RTCP XR extended message carried terminal.The relevant information that multicast joins delay can be that multicast joins delay; Also can be that the time of multicast join message and the time that the terminal receives first multicast message are sent in the terminal; The time of sending multicast join message according to the terminal obtains multicast with the Time Calculation that the terminal receives first multicast message and joins delay, i.e. the time interval between the time of terminal transmission multicast join message and the time that the terminal receives first multicast message is that multicast joins delay.The multicast at above-mentioned terminal joins delay and obtains according to historical data into the terminal.
Shown in Figure 3 is an example of RTCP XR extended message, and wherein, the field of expansion comprises: IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol, Internet Group Management Protocol) Join Delay, and promptly multicast joins delay; Perhaps, the field of expansion comprises: time of send igmp join and time of first multicast burst, promptly the time of multicast join message and the time that the terminal receives first multicast message are sent in the terminal.Also can comprise above-mentioned three extended fields simultaneously.
202: server according to the multicast at this terminal join delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
Concrete, according to Vi (min)=(nX-sX) * and T3+cB, confirm the minimum value Vi of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position (min)
Wherein, Vi (min)For the unicast stream original position is to the minimum value of data volume between the up-to-date message position fast, nX is a decode rate, and X is the film source Mean Speed; N is the decoding multiplying power, and sX is that clean culture pushes speed, and s is for pushing multiplying power; When unicast stream catch up with multicast data flow, begin to push at a slow speed under the situation of unicast stream specific to server; S is b＜1 for pushing away multiplying power (being made as b) slowly, when unicast stream catch up with multicast data flow, still pushes clean culture fast specific to server and sends under the situation of multicast data flow up to multicast replication point, and (be made as a) is a＞1 to s in order to push away multiplying power soon; T3 joins delay for the multicast at this terminal; CB is the required minimum buffer data size of decoding terminals, and c is the buffer memory coefficient, B for the video cache verifier can buffer memory maximum amount of data.
Information interaction figure for the fast channel switching shown in Figure 4 comprises:
301: the terminal is sent FCC (Fast Channel change, fast channel switches) request in the moment 1 to server.
302: server 2 is receiving this FCC request constantly, and begins to push unicast stream fast to the terminal, and when unicast stream caught up with multicast data flow, promptly the moment 3 began to push unicast stream at a slow speed and send the multicast message synchronization message to the terminal.
Wherein, be the time T 1 that server pushes unicast stream fast between 2 and constantly 3 constantly.Present embodiment is established the moment that server begins to push at a slow speed unicast message and is the moment that server sends the multicast message synchronization message.
303: the terminal receives this synchronization message, and joins request at the moment 4 transmission multicasts.
Wherein, the terminal sends to corresponding multicast replication point with multicast join message, therefore, and the join delay influence of factors such as the progression that receives multicast replication point, link circuit condition, access conditions, client self-condition of multicast.Progression with multicast replication point is example; For the network of having disposed; The progression of multicast replication point is certain, and multicast replication points at different levels all can have certain multicast to join delay, if the channel data that the family request adds has arrived nearest multicast replication point; No longer need be to higher level's multicast replication point request channel data, multicast joins delay can be smaller; If the channel data that nearest multicast replication point does not have the user to ask, need to upper level or more higher level's multicast replication point ask channel data, then join delay can be bigger for multicast.
Wherein, the data volume of 4 terminal buffers is V1 constantly, the data volume of terminal buffers when promptly unicast stream is caught up with multicast fast.
304: the terminal 5 is receiving FMP (First Multicast Packet, first multicast message) constantly.
Wherein, constantly 3 with time between 5 constantly be that server begins to push at a slow speed unicast message receives FMP to the terminal time interval T2, the time between the moment 4 and the moment 5 is the multicast T3 that joins delay.
Wherein, the data volume of 5 terminal buffers is V2 constantly, data in buffer amount when promptly FMP is received at the terminal.
305: terminal to server returns the synchronization message response of carrying the FMP sign.
306: after server receives the synchronization message response, push unicast stream at a slow speed in 6 end constantly.
Wherein, constantly 3 with the moment 6 between time be unicast stream time interval T4 at a slow speed.
Present embodiment is established film source Mean Speed (original rate) and is X Mbps, and decode rate is nX Mbps, and n is decoding multiplying power, n=1 usually; Clean culture propelling movement speed is aX fast, and a is for push away multiplying power soon, and a is generally 1.3 at present; Clean culture propelling movement speed is bX at a slow speed, and b is for push away multiplying power slowly, and b is generally 0.3 at present; Usually the maximum amount of data B=7995392bits=0.95Mbytes that the VBV (Video Buffering Verifier, video cache verifier) at terminal can buffer memory, the required minimum buffer data size of decoding terminals is cB; C is the buffer memory coefficient, stipulates usually at present when buffer data size is lower than cB among the VBV, just can not begin decoding by c=1/2.Infer the terminal when other modes of employing and be other numerical value, for example, adopt simplified way identification terminal when terminal buffers empties fully to decode.Vi is that quick unicast stream original position is to the data volume between the up-to-date message position, Vi (min)Be the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position.
In the moment 3; The data volume that clean culture pushes has more Vi such as fruit according to the data volume that multicast pushes; This data volume that has more can not ask that the data volume bXT3 sum that receives was greater than the data volume nXT3 of T3 decoding terminals in the time receive FMP at the terminal before; Be Vi-cB+bXT3＞=nXT3, Vi＞=(nX-bX) * T3+cB.Therefore, in order to guarantee image quality reduction can not occur, Vi minimum value Vi (min)=(nX-bX) * T3+cB.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that; According to above-mentioned principle; Clean culture for other pushes mode; For example send the mode of multicast data flow or change the mode that pushes at a slow speed again into still pushing the clean culture certain hour after 3 fast constantly up to multicast replication point constantly still pushing clean culture after 3 fast, also can obtain the minimum value that its accordingly quick unicast stream original position arrives data volume between the up-to-date message position.For example, for still pushing the mode of clean culture after 3 fast constantly up to multicast replication point transmission multicast data flow, the T3+cB of Vi＞=(nX-aX).Wherein aX is that clean culture pushes speed, when unicast stream catch up with multicast data flow, still pushes clean culture fast specific to server and sends under the situation of multicast data flow up to multicast replication point, and a is a＞1 for pushing away multiplying power soon.Possibly cause the main cause of image quality reduction this moment is that the required buffer data size of decoding is excessive.In like manner, change the mode that pushes at a slow speed again into, also can obtain its Vi for after the moment 3, still pushing the clean culture certain hour fast (min)=(nX-sX) T3+cB, b＜s＜a.
203: server is according to the packet buffer state, judges the whether complete arrival of this up-to-date I frame;
Referring to the packet buffer view of server shown in Figure 5, oblique line is partly represented up-to-date I frame, and the packet buffer state of server is divided into complete arrival of up-to-date I frame (state 1) and not complete arrival (state 2) two states substantially.The complete arrival of up-to-date I frame can further be segmented, and the data volume that promptly begins to have arrived from up-to-date I frame is formed (state 1-1) by up-to-date I frame, perhaps forms (state 1-2) by up-to-date I frame and subsequent frame thereof.
204: server begins to push fast unicast stream according to the whether complete arrival of up-to-date I frame from corresponding I frame; Concrete,
If the complete arrival of this up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from this up-to-date I frame is more than or equal to this minimum value Vi (min), begin to push fast unicast stream from this up-to-date I frame.
If the complete arrival of up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from up-to-date I frame is less than minimum value, then the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream, and wherein, the I frame before the up-to-date I frame can be previous I frame of up-to-date I frame or I frame more early.In addition; For fear of joining delay excessive owing to multicast; Data volume in the buffer memory possibly underflow make decoder not have enough data in order to decoding; Cause broadcasting pictures the phenomenon of shielding can occur pausing or spending, before the I frame before up-to-date I frame began to push unicast stream fast, whether judgement was satisfied with this minimum value Vi from the data volume that the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to have arrived (min)This condition, if then the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream, if not, then more early I frame begins to push fast unicast stream before the up-to-date I frame that satisfies condition.
If up-to-date I frame does not have complete arrival, then begin to push fast unicast stream from up-to-date I frame I frame before, wherein, the I frame before the up-to-date I frame can be previous I frame of up-to-date I frame or I frame more early.In addition; For fear of joining delay excessive owing to multicast; Data volume in the buffer memory possibly underflow make decoder not have enough data in order to decoding; Cause broadcasting pictures the phenomenon of shielding can occur pausing or spending, before the I frame before up-to-date I frame began to push unicast stream fast, whether judgement was satisfied with this minimum value Vi from the data volume that the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to have arrived (min)This condition, if then the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream, if not, then more early I frame begins to push fast unicast stream before the up-to-date I frame that satisfies condition.
Wherein, the I frame before the up-to-date I frame can be previous I frame of up-to-date I frame or I frame more early.
Present embodiment through the multicast according to the terminal join delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position; The data volume that begins to have arrived when the complete arrival of up-to-date I frame and from up-to-date I frame is during more than or equal to minimum value; Begin to push fast unicast stream from up-to-date I frame; Begin to push fast unicast stream with respect to fixing previous I frame, when reducing burst flow, guarantee that terminal buffers can be because of the multicast excessive underflow that joins delay from up-to-date I frame; Thereby in the quality that guarantees the terminal plays picture, the Synchronous Processing time of having reduced bandwidth demand and channel content.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 6, present embodiment provides the device that pushes unicast stream in a kind of fast channel switching fast, comprising:
Acquisition module 401, the multicast that is used to obtain the terminal joins delay;
Determination module 402 is used for that multicast according to the terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
Judge module 403 is used for according to the packet buffer state, judges the whether complete arrival of up-to-date I frame;
Referring to the packet buffer view of server shown in Figure 5, oblique line is partly represented up-to-date I frame, and the packet buffer state of server is divided into complete arrival of up-to-date I frame (state 1) and not complete arrival (state 2) two states substantially.The complete arrival of up-to-date I frame can further be segmented, and the data volume that promptly begins to have arrived from up-to-date I frame is formed (state 1-1) by up-to-date I frame, perhaps forms (state 1-2) by up-to-date I frame and subsequent frame thereof.
Push module 404, if be used for the complete arrival of up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream more than or equal to minimum value from up-to-date I frame.
Wherein, acquisition module 401 is used for the RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP extended report XR extended message that receiving terminal sends, and the relevant information that the multicast of RTCP XR extended message carried terminal joins delay, relevant information comprise,
Multicast joins delay, and multicast joins delay to sending the time interval between the time of multicast join message and time that the terminal receives first multicast message in the terminal; Perhaps
The time of multicast join message and the time that the terminal receives first multicast message are sent in the terminal; Perhaps
Multicast joins delay, the time of multicast join message and the time that the terminal receives first multicast message are sent in the terminal.
Shown in Figure 3 is an example of RTCP XR extended message, and wherein, the field of expansion comprises: IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol, Internet Group Management Protocol) join Delay, and promptly multicast joins delay; Perhaps, the field of expansion comprises: time of send igmp join and time of first multicast burst, promptly the time of multicast join message and the time that the terminal receives first multicast message are sent in the terminal.Also can comprise above-mentioned three extended fields simultaneously.
Wherein, determination module 402 specifically is used for
According to Vi (min)=(nX-sX) * and T3+cB, confirm the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
Wherein, Vi (min)Be the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position,
NX is a decode rate, and n is the decoding multiplying power, and X is the film source Mean Speed,
SX is that clean culture pushes speed, and s is the propelling movement multiplying power,
T3 is that the multicast at said terminal joins delay,
CB is the required minimum buffer data size of said decoding terminals, and c is the buffer memory coefficient, and B is the maximum amount of data that the video cache verifier at said terminal can buffer memory.
Based on the information interaction figure that fast channel shown in Figure 4 switches, present embodiment is established film source Mean Speed (original rate) and is X Mbps, and decode rate is nX Mbps; N is the decoding multiplying power, common n=1, and clean culture propelling movement speed is aX fast; A is for push away multiplying power soon, and a is generally 1.3 at present, and clean culture propelling movement speed is bX at a slow speed; B is for push away multiplying power slowly, and b is generally 0.3 at present, usually VBV (the Video Buffering Verifier at terminal; The video cache verifier) maximum amount of data B=7995392bits=0.95Mbytes that can buffer memory, the required minimum buffer data size of decoding terminals is cB, c is the buffer memory coefficient; Usually stipulate c=1/2 at present, when buffer data size is lower than cB among the VBV, just can not begin decoding.Infer the terminal when other modes of employing and be other numerical value, for example, adopt simplified way identification terminal when terminal buffers empties fully to decode.Vi is that quick unicast stream original position is to the data volume between the up-to-date message position, Vi (min)Be the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position.
In the moment 3; The data volume that clean culture pushes has more Vi such as fruit according to the data volume that multicast pushes; This data volume that has more can not ask that the data volume bXT3 sum that receives was greater than the data volume nXT3 of T3 decoding terminals in the time receive FMP at the terminal before; Be Vi-cB+bXT3＞=nXT3, Vi＞=(nX-bX) * T3+cB.Therefore, in order to guarantee image quality reduction can not occur, Vi minimum value Vi (min)=(nX-bX) * T3+cB.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that; According to above-mentioned principle; Clean culture for other pushes mode; For example send the mode of multicast data flow or change the mode that pushes at a slow speed again into still pushing the clean culture certain hour after 3 fast constantly up to multicast replication point constantly still pushing clean culture after 3 fast, also can obtain the minimum value that its accordingly quick unicast stream original position arrives data volume between the up-to-date message position.For example, for still pushing the mode of clean culture after 3 fast constantly up to multicast replication point transmission multicast data flow, the T3+cB of Vi＞=(nX-aX).Wherein aX is that clean culture pushes speed, when unicast stream catch up with multicast data flow, still pushes clean culture fast specific to server and sends under the situation of multicast data flow up to multicast replication point, and a is a＞1 for pushing away multiplying power soon.Possibly cause the main cause of image quality reduction this moment is that the required buffer data size of decoding is excessive.In like manner, change the mode that pushes at a slow speed again into, also can obtain its Vi for after the moment 3, still pushing the clean culture certain hour fast (min)=(nX-sX) T3+cB, b＜s＜a.
Further, push module 404, if also be used for the complete arrival of up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from up-to-date I frame is less than minimum value, and then the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream.Wherein, the I frame before the up-to-date I frame can be previous I frame of up-to-date I frame or I frame more early.In addition; For fear of joining delay excessive owing to multicast; Data volume in the buffer memory possibly underflow make decoder not have enough data in order to decoding; Cause broadcasting pictures the phenomenon of shielding can occur pausing or spending, before the I frame before up-to-date I frame began to push unicast stream fast, whether judgement was satisfied with this minimum value Vi from the data volume that the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to have arrived (min)This condition, if then the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream, if not, then more early I frame begins to push fast unicast stream before the up-to-date I frame that satisfies condition.
Further, push module 404, do not have complete arrival, then begin to push fast unicast stream from up-to-date I frame I frame before if also be used for up-to-date I frame.Wherein, the I frame before the up-to-date I frame can be previous I frame of up-to-date I frame or I frame more early.In addition; For fear of joining delay excessive owing to multicast; Data volume in the buffer memory possibly underflow make decoder not have enough data in order to decoding; Cause broadcasting pictures the phenomenon of shielding can occur pausing or spending, before the I frame before up-to-date I frame began to push unicast stream fast, whether judgement was satisfied with this minimum value Vi from the data volume that the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to have arrived (min)This condition, if then the I frame before the up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream, if not, then more early I frame begins to push fast unicast stream before the up-to-date I frame that satisfies condition.
The device that present embodiment provides belongs to same design with server among the method embodiment, and concrete implementation procedure sees method embodiment for details, repeats no more here.
Present embodiment through the multicast according to the terminal join delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position; The data volume that begins to have arrived when the complete arrival of up-to-date I frame and from up-to-date I frame is during more than or equal to minimum value; Begin to push fast unicast stream from up-to-date I frame; Begin to push fast unicast stream with respect to fixing previous I frame, when reducing burst flow, guarantee that terminal buffers can be because of the multicast excessive underflow that joins delay from up-to-date I frame; Thereby in the quality that guarantees the terminal plays picture, the Synchronous Processing time of having reduced bandwidth demand and channel content.
All or part of content in the technical scheme that above embodiment provides can realize that through software programming its software program is stored in the storage medium that can read, storage medium for example: the hard disk in the computer, CD or floppy disk.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.

Claims (10)

1. push the method for unicast stream during a fast channel switches fast, it is characterized in that said method comprises:
The multicast that obtains the terminal joins delay;
Multicast according to said terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
According to the packet buffer state, judge the whether complete arrival of up-to-date I frame;
If the complete arrival of said up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from said up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream more than or equal to said minimum value from said up-to-date I frame.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said multicast that obtains the terminal joins delay and comprises:
The RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP extended report XR extended message that receiving terminal sends, the relevant information that the multicast that said RTCP XR extended message is carried said terminal joins delay, said relevant information comprise,
Multicast joins delay, and said multicast joins delay to said terminal sending the time interval between the time of multicast join message and time that said terminal receives first multicast message; Perhaps
The time of multicast join message and the time that said terminal receives first multicast message are sent in said terminal; Perhaps
Multicast joins delay, the time of multicast join message and the time that said terminal receives first multicast message are sent in said terminal.
3. method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said multicast according to said terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms that quick unicast stream original position comprises to the minimum value of data volume between the up-to-date message position:
According to Vi (min)=(nX-sX) * and T3+cB, confirm the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
Wherein, Vi (min)Be the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position,
NX is a decode rate, and n is the decoding multiplying power, and X is the film source Mean Speed,
SX is that clean culture pushes speed, and s is the propelling movement multiplying power,
T3 is that the multicast at said terminal joins delay,
CB is the required minimum buffer data size of said decoding terminals, and c is the buffer memory coefficient, and B is the maximum amount of data that the video cache verifier at said terminal can buffer memory.
4. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, said according to the packet buffer state, judge that said up-to-date I frame whether after the complete arrival, also comprises:
If the complete arrival of said up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from said up-to-date I frame is less than said minimum value, then the I frame before the said up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream.
5. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, said according to the packet buffer state, judge that said up-to-date I frame whether after the complete arrival, also comprises:
If said up-to-date I frame does not have complete arrival, then begin to push fast unicast stream from said up-to-date I frame I frame before.
6. push the device of unicast stream during a fast channel switches fast, it is characterized in that said device comprises:
Acquisition module, the multicast that is used to obtain the terminal joins delay;
Determination module is used for that multicast according to said terminal joins delay, decode rate, clean culture push the speed and the required minimum buffer data size of decoding, and confirms the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
Judge module is used for according to the packet buffer state, judges the whether complete arrival of up-to-date I frame;
Push module, if be used for the complete arrival of said up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from said up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream more than or equal to said minimum value from said up-to-date I frame.
7. device according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said acquisition module is used for the RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP extended report XR extended message that receiving terminal sends, the relevant information that the multicast that said RTCP XR extended message is carried said terminal joins delay; Said relevant information comprises
Multicast joins delay, and said multicast joins delay to said terminal sending the time interval between the time of multicast join message and time that said terminal receives first multicast message; Perhaps
The time of multicast join message and the time that said terminal receives first multicast message are sent in said terminal; Perhaps
Multicast joins delay, the time of multicast join message and the time that said terminal receives first multicast message are sent in said terminal.
8. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that said determination module specifically is used for
According to Vi (min)=(nX-sX) * and T3+cB, confirm the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position;
Wherein, Vi (min)Be the minimum value of quick unicast stream original position to data volume between the up-to-date message position,
NX is a decode rate, and n is the decoding multiplying power, and X is the film source Mean Speed,
SX is that clean culture pushes speed, and s is the propelling movement multiplying power,
T3 is that the multicast at said terminal joins delay,
CB is the required minimum buffer data size of said decoding terminals, and c is the buffer memory coefficient, and B is the maximum amount of data that the video cache verifier at said terminal can buffer memory.
9. according to the described device of the arbitrary claim of claim 6-8, it is characterized in that said propelling movement module also is used for
If the complete arrival of said up-to-date I frame, and the data volume that begins to have arrived from said up-to-date I frame is less than said minimum value, then the I frame before the said up-to-date I frame begins to push fast unicast stream.
10. according to the described device of the arbitrary claim of claim 6-8, it is characterized in that said propelling movement module also is used for
If said up-to-date I frame does not have complete arrival, then begin to push fast unicast stream from said up-to-date I frame I frame before.
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HUE11191244A HUE025968T2 (en) 2010-12-20 2011-11-30 Method and device for fast pushing unicast stream in fast channel change
EP11191244.0A EP2466911B1 (en) 2010-12-20 2011-11-30 Method and device for fast pushing unicast stream in fast channel change
MX2011013684A MX2011013684A (en) 2010-12-20 2011-12-15 Method and device for fast pushing unicast stream in fast channel change.
BRPI1107348A BRPI1107348B8 (en) 2010-12-20 2011-12-20 method and device for pushing fast flow fast-changing channel-to-point diffusion
US13/331,579 US8861372B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2011-12-20 Method and device for fast pushing unicast stream in fast channel change
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