CN102136334B - 适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体 - Google Patents

适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体 Download PDF

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CN102136334B
CN102136334B CN201110003292A CN201110003292A CN102136334B CN 102136334 B CN102136334 B CN 102136334B CN 201110003292 A CN201110003292 A CN 201110003292A CN 201110003292 A CN201110003292 A CN 201110003292A CN 102136334 B CN102136334 B CN 102136334B
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CN102136334A (zh
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李德才
谢君
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Beijing Jiaotong University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体,属于机械工程密封技术领域,特别适用于磁性液体密封。该磁性液体是在现有的磁性液体中加入体积为磁性液体体积9%~11%的1μm~50μm的铁磁性固体颗粒,搅拌30~40分钟。所述磁性固体颗粒为四氧化三铁粉末。现有的磁性液体包括二脂基磁性液体或煤油基磁性液体。解决了现有的大间隙磁性液体密封装置中由于磁性液体磁性固体颗粒分布不均匀,导致磁性液体密封耐压能力下降的问题。

Description

适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体
技术领域
本发明属于机械工程密封技术领域,特别适用于磁性液体密封。
背景技术
在磁性液体密封装置中,通常涉及的极靴与轴所构成的密封间隙在0.1mm~0.2mm之间。在磁场作用下,磁性液体填充在密封间隙内。此时,磁性液体内的纳米量级的铁磁性颗粒可长期稳定悬浮,并均匀的分散在基载液中,使得密封装置具有良好的耐压能力。
但在一些特殊装置中,转轴的转速高达每分钟几万转,因此也就不可避免的伴有轻微的径向振动,这就要求转轴与极齿之间的有较大的间隙,以避免因转轴的振动而使极齿发生破坏。当密封间隙要求大于0.5mm(一般小于1mm)时,磁性液体内的纳米级磁性颗粒在非均匀磁场的作用下,会随着磁场梯度的变化而在磁场强度高的区域产生聚集,即单位体积内磁场强度高的区域内的磁性颗粒数量大于磁场强度低的区域内的磁性颗粒数量,导致磁性液体内部磁性颗粒分布不均匀,使磁性液体整体耐压能力下降,且随着密封间隙的增大,偏聚现象更加明显。造成磁性液体密封装置的耐压能力大大降低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:在磁性液体密封装置中,极靴与轴的密封间隙大于0.5mm(一般小于1mm)时,磁性液体内的纳米量级的铁磁性固体颗粒在非均匀磁场作用下偏聚,造成磁性固体颗粒分布不均匀,导致磁性液体耐压能力下降。
本发明的技术方案:
适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体,该磁性液体是在磁性液体中加入体积为磁性液体体积9%~11%的1μm~50μm的铁磁性固体颗粒,搅拌30~40分钟。
所述铁磁性固体颗粒为四氧化三铁粉末。
磁性液体包括二脂基磁性液体或煤油基磁性液体。
本发明的有益效果:
由于本发明是在采购来的磁性液体中加入体积为磁性液体体积9%~11%的1μm~50μm之间的四氧化三铁粉末,由于磁性液体的二阶浮力原理,外加的磁性固体颗粒可长期稳定悬浮于磁性液体中。稳定悬浮的微米级的磁性固体颗粒均匀分布在磁性液体中,阻碍纳米级的铁磁性固体颗粒由于非均匀磁场作用而导致的运动,减少了纳米固体颗粒的凝聚,有效改善了磁性液体中固体颗粒的分布。不仅如此,在磁场作用下,微米级的铁磁性固体颗粒同样会沿着磁力线方向成链,进而带动磁性液体整体对磁场产生响应,形成液体“O”型圈。因此,此方法可提高磁性液体的整体耐压能力,形成可靠的密封。
附图说明
图1是加入铁磁性颗粒后加压前间隙内磁性液体状态。
图2是加入铁磁性颗粒后加压后间隙内磁性液体状态。
图中:极齿1、磁性液体2、转轴3、微米级铁磁性固体颗粒4。
具体实施方式
实施方式一
在采购来的二脂基磁性液体中,加入体积为磁性液体体积9%的1μm的铁磁性固体颗粒四氧化三铁粉末,搅拌40分钟。
实施方式二
在采购来的煤油基磁性液体中,加入体积为磁性液体体积10%的30μm的铁磁性固体颗粒四氧化三铁粉末,搅拌30分钟。
实施方式三
在采购来的二脂基磁性液体中,加入体积为磁性液体体积11%的50μm的铁磁性固体颗粒四氧化三铁粉末,搅拌30分钟。
微米级铁磁性固体颗粒在极齿与轴之间间隙内轴向受力为:
F z = ( ρ f g - μ 0 M ‾ ∂ H ∂ z - μ 0 M n ‾ ∂ M n ‾ ∂ z ) V 0
式中:ρf磁性液体的密度,g重力加速度,μ0为磁性液体的相对磁导率,磁性液体的磁化强度,
Figure BDA0000043165800000033
磁性液体内磁场梯度在Z方向上的偏导数,磁性液体的法向磁化强度在Z方向上的偏导数,V0为微米级四氧化三铁粉末的体积。
可知,当极齿两侧受压差作用时,极齿下磁性液体会对磁性颗粒产生作用力Fz,如附图2所示。这种作用力会抵消20%~30%高压侧产生的压力,从而提高了密封耐压能力。
使用实例:常温下对直径为30mm的旋转轴进行磁性液体密封,密封间隙为0.5mm,磁性液体为二脂基四氧化三铁胶体,永磁体选用铷铁硼材料,加入体积为磁性液体体积11%,尺寸为20μm的四氧化三铁粉末,密封耐压能力提高了20%。

Claims (2)

1.适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体,其特征在于:
在磁性液体中加入体积为磁性液体体积9%~11%的1μm~50μm的铁磁性固体颗粒,搅拌30~40分钟;铁磁性固体颗粒为四氧化三铁粉末。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体,其特征在于:磁性液体包括二脂基磁性液体或煤油基磁性液体。
CN201110003292A 2011-01-08 2011-01-08 适用于大间隙磁性液体密封的磁性液体 Expired - Fee Related CN102136334B (zh)

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Cited By (1)

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CN103542099A (zh) * 2013-10-09 2014-01-29 北京交通大学 提高磁性液体密封耐压能力的磁性液体

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CN101169997A (zh) * 2007-09-07 2008-04-30 华南师范大学 C18/Fe3O4复合磁性微球及其制备方法与应用

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3990981A (en) * 1974-08-23 1976-11-09 International Business Machines Corporation Water based magnetic inks and the manufacture thereof
CN1546890A (zh) * 2003-12-10 2004-11-17 北京交通大学 磁性液体均匀分布的密封装置
CN1560209A (zh) * 2004-02-19 2005-01-05 上海交通大学 瓜尔豆胶磁流变液
CN1595558A (zh) * 2004-06-22 2005-03-16 上海大学 一种磁流变液及其制备方法
CN1959871A (zh) * 2006-10-10 2007-05-09 武汉理工大学 一种稳定的水基磁流变液及其制备方法
CN101169997A (zh) * 2007-09-07 2008-04-30 华南师范大学 C18/Fe3O4复合磁性微球及其制备方法与应用

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103542099A (zh) * 2013-10-09 2014-01-29 北京交通大学 提高磁性液体密封耐压能力的磁性液体

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