CN102135642A - Variable optical attenuator - Google Patents
Variable optical attenuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102135642A CN102135642A CN 201110049059 CN201110049059A CN102135642A CN 102135642 A CN102135642 A CN 102135642A CN 201110049059 CN201110049059 CN 201110049059 CN 201110049059 A CN201110049059 A CN 201110049059A CN 102135642 A CN102135642 A CN 102135642A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable optical attenuator and relates to a pressure-controlled deformation effect-based optical attenuator structure which consists of a zoom liquid lens. A precision sleeve (1) with through holes in a cylindrical shape or other shapes serves as a main body; and the sleeve is positioned between a left connector pin (2) and a right connector pin (12) so as to form a structure which is provided with a left air chamber, a drum-shaped voltage-controlled liquid lens and a right air chamber. A columnar lens cavity (7) is formed in a gap among the left air chamber, the drum-shaped pressure-controlled liquid lens and the right air chamber, and a transparent elastic film (4) is arranged on a cross section of the cavity so as to form a drum-shaped liquid lens cavity, wherein the liquid lens cavity is used for storing liquid lens materials; the lens cavity is communicated with an external liquid pressure regulation and control device (5) through a pressure control hole (13); and the external liquid pressure regulation and control device controls the shape of the liquid lens so as to adjust the focal length of the lens. Therefore, the light intensity coupling efficiency from an input optical fiber (9) to an output optical fiber (10) is controlled so as to control and adjust the optical attenuation.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of adjustable optical attenuator structure and principle of work thereof of novelty, belongs to the technical field of optical communication, photoelectric sensing and optical information processing device.
Background technology
Adjustable optical attenuator is one of important passive device in the optical communication system, and it is widely used in the light power equalization of each channel of dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) and adjusts light signal after fiber amplifier amplifies etc.Also can be used for the detection of dynamic of the long Distance Transmission of analog optical fiber, transmission system etc.Utilize the Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems adjustable optical attenuator of micro mechanical technology manufacturing to have advantages such as volume is little, in light weight, energy consumption is little in recent years, the new method of having opened up the optical attenuator design and having produced.General adjustable optical attenuator can not realize that damping capacity accurately regulates and be locked in particular value, and is generally attenuator and stepper motor associative form, reaches digitizing variable optical attenuation amount by micro-step motor control continuous gradation attenuator rotation or translation.But such design is subject to stepper motor cost height, and volume is bigger, is difficult to be integrated in the optical communication module of dwindling day by day; And the continuous gradation attenuator of one of its core component, coating process requires high, at present domesticly still can not produce.
And zooming liquid lens can change the luminous flux and the visual field performance of optical system, has good handling and adaptability, can be applicable to optical switch and systems such as light interconnection, static digital camera as replacing conventional lenses.Existing research and application concentrate on lens varifocal imaging technology, the miniature liquid zoom lens of the FluidFocus of relatively more typical as Dutch Philips company issue and the issue of French Varioptic company, the zoom of these lens be utilize electrowetting effect by changing liquid interfacial curvature so that focus.This technology has adopted the lens subassembly of flowing liquid as zoom, and present relatively mechanical zoom mode will have a lot of advantage parts.But existing research and application concentrate on lens varifocal imaging technology, relate to seldom for the interface unit that is applied to optical communication field.But this Technology Need higher voltage control, and the electrowetting effect device needs complicated coating process, domestic very difficult processing successfully.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of adjustable optical attenuator structure of novelty, the zooming liquid lens technology is combined with the modern optical communication technology, designed a kind of optical attenuator of voltage-controlled accent of novelty, solve the controlled accent problem of optical attenuator.Owing to do not use complex devices such as motor, do not need complicated coating technique to make cost of manufacture, production technology reduce greatly, have important techniques and be worth and economic worth, will be widely used in optical communication and optical information processing field.
Technical scheme: adjustable optical attenuator of the present invention is based on sleeve pipe, the two ends of sleeve pipe are connected to left connector pin and right connector pin, the lens pillar chamber is set in the space in sleeve pipe and the transparent elastic film is set to be configured for " drum " shape liquid lens chamber of storage of liquids lens material on this chamber xsect, formation has the structure of " the voltage-controlled liquid lens of left air chamber+drum type+right air chamber "; Input optical fibre passes left connector pin and links to each other with left air chamber from the outside, output optical fibre passes right connector pin and links to each other with right air chamber from the outside; Lens cavity communicates with external fluid pressure control set for adjusting by pressure controling hole, the shape of external fluid pressure control set for adjusting controlling liquid lens is coupled to the light intensity coupling efficiency of output optical fibre to realize the decay controllable adjustment of light to realize the adjusting of the focal length of lens thereby control from input optical fibre.
Described external fluid pressure control set for adjusting is provided with optical attenuation number of degrees scale.The sleeve pipe inboard is provided with absorption layer to absorb parasitic light." drum " shape liquid lens chamber wall is provided with exhaust, outage.
Beneficial effect: according to above narration as can be known, the present invention has following characteristics:
The present invention combines the liquid zoom lens technology with the modern optical communication technology, designed a kind of automatically controlled tuning optical attenuator of novelty, has important techniques and is worth.The optical attenuator of the present invention design has simple in structure, easy making, advantage such as with low cost.
The innovation part is:
1) liquid zoom lens is applied to realized the controlled tuning of optical attenuator among the optical connector spare.The optical attenuator of this novelty will be widely used in optical communication field and optical information processing field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the adjustable optical attenuator structural representation.Have among the figure: accurate sleeve pipe 1, left connector pin 2, liquid lens 3, transparent elastic film 4, pressure control set for adjusting 5, dead ring 6, lens pillar chamber 7, absorption layer 8, input optical fibre 9, output optical fibre 10, viscose glue 11, right connector pin 12, fluid pressure regulating and controlling hole 13.
Fig. 2 is a variable optical attenuator main body chip structure synoptic diagram.Have among the figure: pilot pin 14.
Embodiment
Adjustable optical attenuator based on hydraulic effect of the present invention is to have the accurate sleeve pipe of cylindric through hole, and sleeve pipe is between left connector pin and right connector pin.Space between left side connector pin and right connector pin and cylindric or other shape through holes is provided with the transparent elastic film and constitutes lens cavity, is used for the storage of liquids lens material; Place runny transparency liquid in the lens cavity; Lens cavity is provided with pressure controling hole and communicates with external fluid pressure control set for adjusting, external fluid pressure control set for adjusting, is provided with I/O optical fiber and fixes with viscose glue to realize the adjusting of the focal length of lens by extruding or the shape that extracts action controlling liquid lens on a left side/right pin.Described transparent elastic film is provided with anti-reflection film to reduce the unknown losses of light intensity.The sleeve pipe inboard is provided with absorption layer and is not coupled into the light of output optical fibre with absorption parasitic light and other.
When external fluid pressure control set for adjusting pushed increase liquid by pressure controling hole in lens cavity, liquid lens formed convex lens shape to guarantee the good coupling of input and output light intensity.Make this convex lens shape become flat by elastic membrane elastic force simultaneously by extracting action, focal length increases until infinite, continuing to extract liquid can make lens shape become concavees lens, focal length becomes negative value, realize the adjusting of the focal length of lens, and then the regulation and control of realization optical fiber coupling light intensity, purpose is controlled in the decay that reaches light.
As Fig. 1, this attenuator is based on sleeve pipe 1, the two ends of sleeve pipe 1 are connected to left connector pin 2 and right connector pin 12, lens pillar chamber 7 is set in the space in sleeve pipe 1 and transparent elastic film 4 is set to be configured for " drum " shape liquid lens chamber of storage of liquids lens material on this chamber xsect, formation has the structure of " the voltage-controlled liquid lens of left air chamber+drum type+right air chamber "; Input optical fibre 9 passes left connector pin 2 and links to each other with left air chamber from the outside, output optical fibre 10 passes right connector pin 12 and links to each other with right air chamber from the outside; Lens cavity communicates with external fluid pressure control set for adjusting 5 by pressure controling hole 13, the shape of external fluid pressure control set for adjusting controlling liquid lens is coupled to the light intensity coupling efficiency of output optical fibre 10 to realize the decay controllable adjustment of light to realize the adjusting of the focal length of lens thereby control from input optical fibre 9.
Described external fluid pressure control set for adjusting 5 is provided with optical attenuation number of degrees scale.
" drum " shape liquid lens chamber wall is provided with exhaust, outage.
Described transparent elastic film 4 can be provided with anti-reflection film to reduce the unknown losses of light intensity.Left and right sides pin inner surface is provided with absorption layer 8 to absorb parasitic light.
Specific embodiment 1:
Silicon rubber is adopted in accurate sleeve pipe 1 preparation.This is because silicon rubber is easy to extrusion modling, can realize large-scale production by the mold injection job operation, and its hardness is easy to control; The centre position, side of sleeve pipe is reserved a fluid injection aperture 13 and is served as fluid pressure regulating and controlling hole simultaneously.The formation of main body chip: left and right connector pin 2 or 12 adopts plastics or rubber hot investment casting to form, and cylindrical bore is reserved at the center; The size in hole and optical fiber 9,10 external diameters are complementary.The formation of lens cavity: as shown in Figure 3, make lens pillar chamber 7 with metal or other hard materials by the liquid lens requirement earlier, use dead ring 6 to cover with the lens elastic membrane 4 of using the PDMS material in the side of lens cavity post 7, form " drum " shape structure.In order to eliminate gravity effect, the thickness of film and hardness can appropriately be selected thicker and harder.The appropriate position of lens cavity sidewall is provided with the aperture that communicates with fluid injection aperture 13, for making the convenient row's gas/liquid hole that also can be provided with at another correct position of lens cavity sidewall simultaneously of liquid perfusion/discharge.Liquid lens material 3 may have freezing problem when low temperature uses.Can reduce freezing point with the salt solusion of high concentration.For low-density and the refractive index that keeps salt solution, adopt the salt lithium chloride of low atomic weight, the lithium chloride of 20% concentration causes freezing point to be lower than-40 ℃.Also can use clean oil to serve as the liquid lens material, because the refractive index of oil is generally higher, phenyl methyl siloxane for example, it has high index of refraction and good transmittance.In order to reduce unnecessary light intensity loss, but liquid also material refractive index match liquid make its refractive index and light-transmissive film approaching as far as possible.
During assembling, with the full liquid of " drum " shape lens cavity perfusion.It is positioned in as shown in Figure 2 the main body chip, with liquid lens and main body chip portfolio together by pilot pin 14.Liquid lens communicates with external pressure control set for adjusting 5 by pressure regulating hole, pressure control set for adjusting 5 to " drum " shape liquid lens apparatus fill/shape that the tapping body is controlled lens realizes the control of the focal length of lens.Thereby the focus of scioptics moves forward and backward the control that the coupling light intensity of regulating optical fiber realizes the decay of light at fiber end face.The relation of its controlling liquid volume and output intensity is calculated by design proposal and is tried to achieve or record by experiment, then the decay ratio of direct display light power on external pressure control set for adjusting 5.
Specific embodiment 2:
Accurate sleeve pipe preparation employing metallic copper copper post precision optical machinery is processed into pipe box and polishing forms, and the copper sheathing tube wall is reserved two apertures and injected discharge for fluid.The connector pin adopts the silicon rubber mold to form, and hollow is the optical fiber reserved location and since the pliability of silicon rubber make optical fiber insertion with extract more convenient.For the ease of " drum " shape lens cavity put into the main body chip, add and the accurate sleeve pipe of metal can be cut open earlier from the side man-hour, close up with band more at last and fix.The lens fluent material can adopt ionic liquid at room temperature, because ionic liquid at room temperature is a kind of important green novel " soft " material, have many advantages, as non-volatile, high thermal stability, low melting point, favorable conductive and thermal conductivity, good light transmittance and refractive index etc., and kind is very many, and alternative leeway is very big.
Claims (4)
1. adjustable optical attenuator, it is characterized in that this attenuator is based on sleeve pipe (1), the two ends of sleeve pipe (1) are connected to left connector pin (2) and right connector pin (12), lens pillar chamber (7) is set in the space in sleeve pipe (1) and transparent elastic film (4) is set to be configured for " drum " shape liquid lens chamber of storage of liquids lens material on this chamber xsect, formation has the structure of " the voltage-controlled liquid lens of left air chamber+drum type+right air chamber "; Input optical fibre (9) passes left connector pin (2) and links to each other with left air chamber from the outside, output optical fibre (10) passes right connector pin (12) and links to each other with right air chamber from the outside; Lens cavity communicates with external fluid pressure control set for adjusting (5) by pressure controling hole (13), the shape of external fluid pressure control set for adjusting controlling liquid lens is coupled to the light intensity coupling efficiency of output optical fibre (10) to realize the decay controllable adjustment of light to realize the adjusting of the focal length of lens thereby control from input optical fibre (9).
2. adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described external fluid pressure control set for adjusting (5) is provided with optical attenuation number of degrees scale.
3. adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that sleeve pipe (1) inboard is provided with absorption layer (8) to absorb parasitic light.
4. adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that " drum " shape liquid lens chamber wall is provided with exhaust, outage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110049059 CN102135642A (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | Variable optical attenuator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110049059 CN102135642A (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | Variable optical attenuator |
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| CN102135642A true CN102135642A (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201110049059 Pending CN102135642A (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | Variable optical attenuator |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102608756A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-07-25 | 南京邮电大学 | Voltage controlled adjustable optical attenuator based on microfluidic control optical technology |
| CN104076443A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 成都美美通信技术有限公司 | Optical attenuation device with multiple gears |
| CN108549129A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-18 | 广州佳隆信息科技有限公司 | A kind of laser power precision regulating method and laser power precision regulator |
| CN113376720A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-10 | 南京邮电大学 | Variable focus liquid lens with complex internal cavity surface |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6156303A (en) * | 1984-08-28 | 1986-03-22 | Nec Home Electronics Ltd | Lens unit |
| JPH06258502A (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1994-09-16 | Nakamura Yoshihiko | Lens and reflection mirror with variable radius of curvature |
| JPH10268110A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 1998-10-09 | Kenichi Suzuki | Lens |
| CN1237248A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1999-12-01 | 约瑟华·戴维·西尔弗 | Improvements in or relating to variable focus lenses |
| JP2002365408A (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-18 | Senryu Chima | Focal distance variable lens |
| CN101464558A (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2009-06-24 | 南京邮电大学 | Electric tuning optical attenuator |
-
2011
- 2011-02-28 CN CN 201110049059 patent/CN102135642A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6156303A (en) * | 1984-08-28 | 1986-03-22 | Nec Home Electronics Ltd | Lens unit |
| JPH06258502A (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1994-09-16 | Nakamura Yoshihiko | Lens and reflection mirror with variable radius of curvature |
| CN1237248A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1999-12-01 | 约瑟华·戴维·西尔弗 | Improvements in or relating to variable focus lenses |
| JPH10268110A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 1998-10-09 | Kenichi Suzuki | Lens |
| JP2002365408A (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-18 | Senryu Chima | Focal distance variable lens |
| CN101464558A (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2009-06-24 | 南京邮电大学 | Electric tuning optical attenuator |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102608756A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-07-25 | 南京邮电大学 | Voltage controlled adjustable optical attenuator based on microfluidic control optical technology |
| CN102608756B (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-07 | 南京邮电大学 | Voltage controlled adjustable optical attenuator based on microfluidic control optical technology |
| CN104076443A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 成都美美通信技术有限公司 | Optical attenuation device with multiple gears |
| CN108549129A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-18 | 广州佳隆信息科技有限公司 | A kind of laser power precision regulating method and laser power precision regulator |
| CN113376720A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-10 | 南京邮电大学 | Variable focus liquid lens with complex internal cavity surface |
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Application publication date: 20110727 |