CN102135075A - Vertical shaft windmill with hinge stoppable wind wing - Google Patents
Vertical shaft windmill with hinge stoppable wind wing Download PDFInfo
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- CN102135075A CN102135075A CN 201110115917 CN201110115917A CN102135075A CN 102135075 A CN102135075 A CN 102135075A CN 201110115917 CN201110115917 CN 201110115917 CN 201110115917 A CN201110115917 A CN 201110115917A CN 102135075 A CN102135075 A CN 102135075A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Abstract
The invention relates to a vertical shaft windmill with a hinge stoppable wind wing. A windmill rotating frame of which the center is fastened at the upper end of a main vertical shaft is a regular n-gon steel structure frame, n is more than or equal to 3, and each corner of the frame is fixedly connected with a wind wing assembly; the wind wing assembly comprises a horizontal pivot, a hinge wind wing, a wind wing limiting and locking device and an auxiliary wind blade buffering device; a main wind blade and an auxiliary wind blade of the hinge wind wing can be opened and closed; the wind wing opens to be vertical to the ground and faces wind with the maximum area in a downwind region; and the wind wing gradually closes until the wind wing is in a horizontal state and is against the wind with the minimum area in an upwind region. The locking device is controlled by a steel rope which passes through the hollow main vertical shaft, when stoppage is needed, an opener below the main vertical shaft makes the wind wing locking device act, the wind wing is automatically locked at a horizontal closing position, and the windmill is in a dormant stop state, so that the windmill has the characteristics of resisting wind storm and being convenient to maintain; and the windmill can be normally operated after unlocking operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the mechanized equipment that utilizes wind energy.
Background technique
Present widely used wind-driven generator is horizontal axis mostly, and its wind-exposuring area is little; The device of following the tracks of wind direction need be set; Will very high pylon, these have all limited its single-machine capacity.And the wind-exposuring area of vertical shaft type windmill is big; Do not need the wind direction tracking device; Do not need very high pylon; Requirement to blade does not have so harsh yet; Especially the vertical axis windmill of " variable fan blade wind-exposuring area ", its utilization ratio to wind energy surpasses the former, and realizes the maximization of unit easily.The vertical shaft windmill of " variable fan blade wind-exposuring area " at present is to utilize spring force and wind-force at windmill alternating action to fan blade in service cycle mostly, realizes the variation of wind-exposuring area; Another kind of is that to make the rotation period of the wind wing be that two times of the windmill period of revolution are realized for method with machinery.The former will move millions of times at 1 year medi-spring, can't bear tired damage easily.The latter then needs the wind direction tracking device, and in the one-period of this external running, fan blade is in maximum state with minimum wind-exposuring area and has only a some position, fails to give full play to its usefulness.A kind of in addition, after wind speed surpassed certain value, it is flexible that the wind wing spacing becomes, but wind wing wing drop reduces its wind-exposuring area, has the sudden and violent performance of certain wind resistance; But the inclination of the wing strengthens with the wind, and the reaction force of spring is also increasing, and wind action power is reducing, and is equilibrated at a certain angle at last; And spring was wanted powerful work several ten thousand times in one day, very unfavorable in spring, and windmill emitting storm work, and is also very imappropriate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, provides a kind of and can arbitrarily stop and can the stop vertical axis windmill of the wind wing of hinge-type that weatherliness is strong, easy to maintenance.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: it comprises main vertical shaft and supports the metal (upper of main vertical shaft (17) (16,20) and be sheathed on the outer driving gear (18) of main vertical shaft and the derailing switch of break (19), windmill pivoted frame, wind wing suit and wind wing locking device; Main vertical shaft vertically is positioned at the center of windmill of the present invention, the windmill pivoted frame is installed on the upper end of main vertical shaft, the windmill pivoted frame is made the steel structure frame of overlooking to positive n dihedral, n 〉=3, n wind wing suit is installed on the end at each angle at n angle of windmill pivoted frame, described wind wing suit comprises wind wing locking device, and wind wing locking device is located at the inboard of wind wing suit, and the derailing switch of wind wing locking device is located at the lower end of main vertical shaft.Described driving gear is used to drive generator for electricity generation.
Because can folding between main blade and the secondary fan blade, windmill obtains positive torque and substantially exceeds the negative torque that produces in district against the wind in district with the wind, and the stack of the lift that produces positive torque arranged, so this windmill is to the utilization ratio height of wind energy, have reliable operation, steadily and have the advantage of sudden and violent performance of wind resistance and convenient for maintaining, and be easy to realize the maximization of unit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-1, the elevation (being K-K view of Fig. 1-2) when being the windmill of the present invention running of pentagon pivoted frame.
Fig. 1-2, the plan view when being the windmill of the present invention running of pentagon pivoted frame.
Fig. 2-1, be wind wing suit structural representation (be Fig. 1-2 L to partial enlarged drawing).
Fig. 2-2 is M-M sectional views of Fig. 2-1.
Fig. 2-3 is P-P sectional drawings of Fig. 2-1.
Fig. 2-4 is N-N sectional views of Fig. 2-1.
Fig. 2-5, be the R of Fig. 2-1 to view, be the structure and the scheme of installation of balancer weight.
Fig. 3-1 is the rear view (being the component diagram of Fig. 2-1) of the hinge-type hinge E of main blade.
Fig. 3-2 is side views of Fig. 3-1.
Fig. 4-1 is the front view of hinge F.
Fig. 4-2 is side views of Fig. 4-1.
Fig. 5-1 is the rear view of hinge H.
Fig. 5-2 is side views of Fig. 5-1.
Fig. 6-1 is the sectional view of the movable axle sleeve of secondary fan blade damping device.
Fig. 6-2 is side views of Fig. 6-1.
Fig. 7-1, be axle bed partly cut open structural representation.
Fig. 7-2 is side views of Fig. 7-1.
Fig. 8-1 is the sectional view (bow to) of wind wing locking device.
Fig. 8-2 is side views of Fig. 8-1.
Fig. 9, be among Fig. 1-1 the center tubing string and with the local structure for amplifying schematic representation of the attachment portion, upper end of main vertical shaft.
Figure 10 is the facade structures figure of the derailing switch of wind wing locking device.
(having omitted the component diagram of hinge G and secondary fan blade damping device fixed axle sleeve 33 in the accompanying drawing of the present invention).
Reference character: the equilibrium block of 1-secondary fan blade; 2-main blade; 3-horizontal pivot axle bed; 4-seat board; 5-stiffening plate; The equilibrium block of 6-main blade; 7-secondary fan blade; 8-principal mode Beam; The cover plate of 9-center tubing string; 10-center tubing string; 11-upper support dish; 12-wire rope; 13 — Jin Rope devices; 14-principal mode Beam flat board; 15-lower supporting disc; 16-upper bearing (metal); 17-main vertical shaft; 18-driving gear; 19-break; 20-lower bearing; 21-pipe box; 22-piston; 23-jack; 24-slide cartridge; 25-wind wing locking device axle sleeve; 26-fan-shaped jam plate; 27-hinge E axle sleeve; 28-hinge F axle sleeve; 29-hinge G axle sleeve; 30-hinge G connecting plate; 31-hinge H axle sleeve; The movable axle sleeve of 32-secondary fan blade damping device; 33-secondary fan blade damping device fixed axle sleeve; 34-torque spring; 35-horizontal pivot; 36-secondary fan blade jam plate; 37-hinge E is by the short boss of wind wing locking device one end; The taper lockhole of 38-fan-shaped jam plate; The half cycle boss of 39-wind wing locking device axle sleeve; The inverted U-shaped flange plate of 40-axle bed; The strip flange of 41-axle bed; 42-hinge E is by the boss of hinge F one end; 43-hinge F is by the boss of hinge E one end; The boss of the movable axle sleeve of 44-secondary fan blade damping device; The ear of 45-movable axle sleeve; The ear of 46-fixed axle sleeve; 47-hinge H boss; 48-balancing pole; The slotted hole of 49-balancing pole; 50-main blade hinge E connecting plate; 51-hinge E hyoplastron; The taper lockhole of 52-secondary fan blade; 53-hinge F connecting plate; 54-hinge H hyoplastron; 55-hinge H connecting plate; The hole of 56-axle bed; 57-sliding pin; 58-plug screw; 59-stop bit pipe; 60-pressure spring; The rear end cover of 61-slide cartridge; The hole of 62-center tubing string; 63-tank filler sleeve; The suspension ring of 64-piston; The axial short slot of 65-pipe box; The feather key of 66-piston; 67-upper support floor; 68-lower support floor.The stop surface of the half cycle boss 39 of a-wind wing locking device axle sleeve; B-hinge E is by short the boss 37 and stop surface a pairing of wind wing locking device one end; C-hinge E is by the stop surface of the boss 42 of hinge F one end; D-hinge F is by the boss 43 and stop surface c pairing of hinge E one end; Another stop surface of the half cycle boss 39 of e-wind wing locking device axle sleeve; F-hinge E is by another stop surface that matches with e of the short boss 37 of wind wing locking device one end; G-hinge E is by another stop surface of the boss 42 of hinge F one end; H-hinge F is by another stop surface that matches with g of the boss 43 of hinge E one end; The stop surface of the boss 47 of s-hinge H; The stop surface of the boss 44 of t-movable axle sleeve of secondary fan blade damping device.
Embodiment
Embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing further specifies.
Shown in Fig. 1-1,1-2, described windmill pivoted frame is a steel structure frame, and described windmill pivoted frame comprises center tubing string 10, upper and lower supporting disk 11,15, principal mode Beam 8, strut; Described n root principal mode Beam 8 horizontal distribution are around the tubing string of center, and its inner is fixed on the upper support dish 11, and the other end of each principal mode Beam is connected with a wind wing suit; One end correspondence of n root strut be supported in n root principal mode Beam 8 outsides below, the other end of n root strut is supported on the lower supporting disc 15, every corresponding each root principal mode Beam that supports of strut, constitute a truss, constitute windmill pivoted frame as the support frame structure of umbrella by center tubing string, upper and lower supporting disk, a n truss; Described center tubing string 10 is positioned at the top of main vertical shaft 17, and tubing string 10 two in center are respectively connecting upper and lower supporting disk 11,15, and lower supporting disc 15 is affixed with the upper end of main vertical shaft 17, and described windmill pivoted frame and main vertical shaft synchronously rotate; Main vertical shaft is affixed pipe box 21 below its lower bearing 20, and the derailing switch of wind wing locking device is contained in the hypomere and the below of pipe box, interrelates with wire rope 12 and wind wing locking device.
In order to make vertical axis windmill of the present invention firmly stable, need the floor of fixed buildings is passed in the top and bottom of main vertical shaft 17, be supported on respectively on upper support floor 67 and the lower support floor 68 by upper bearing (metal) 16 and lower bearing 20.
As shown in Figure 1, an affixed principal mode Beam flat board 14 above the section outside principal mode Beam, the affixed seat board 4 that plays to connect the effect of wind wing suit perpendicular to ground in middle part on principal mode Beam flat board, the one side that it is inside, weld on principal mode Beam flat board with stiffening plate 5, make wind wing suit can be fixedly mounted in the end of principal mode Beam; Lower supporting disc 15 is fixedlyed connected with the upper end of main vertical shaft; Described main vertical shaft 17 upper ends join with the center tubing string 10 of windmill pivoted frame and communicate, and for rainproof and anti-sand dust, there is cover plate 9 on the top of the center tubing string of described windmill pivoted frame; Have n smooth being used to pass the through hole 62 of wire rope 12 around the described center tubing string 10, the position of each through hole is corresponding with each wind wing suit respectively, so that the passing of wire rope; Main vertical shaft and center tubing string are hollow, and wire rope and main vertical shaft and center tubing string, wind wing suit and windmill pivoted frame all rotate synchronously.
The upper and lower end of described main vertical shaft is smaller, and the centre is thicker, and the upper end links to each other with the center tubing string, the lower end links to each other with the upper end of derailing switch.Described derailing switch is made of pipe box 21, piston 22 and jack 23, and piston 22 is positioned at the lower end of pipe box 21, and the effect of sealing is played in the lower end of pipe box, and jack 23 is below piston 22.
One end of wire rope 12 is connected with sliding pin 57 in the wind wing locking device, and the other end of wire rope passes smooth through hole 62 and walks, passes main vertical shaft from the upper end of center tube post 10 downwards, joins to the piston of the derailing switch of the wind wing locking device that is arranged in pipe box 21.Described pipe box 21, piston 22 and wire rope 12 all rotate synchronously with main vertical shaft.
Wind wing suit comprises: hollow horizontal pivot 35 and axle bed 3 thereof, the wind wing is spacing and wind wing locking device, the hinge-type wind wing and secondary fan blade damping device; Shown in Fig. 7-1,7-2, axle bed is a hollow-core construction, the transverse section is the square-outside and round-inside structure, the bottom surface of horizontal pivot axle bed 3 is provided with the inverted U-shaped flange plate 40 of disjunctor with it, respectively there is the flange 41 of the strip of disjunctor with it the both sides with dull and stereotyped 14 one sides that contact of principal mode Beam at axle bed 3, are being equipped with bolt mounting holes on the inverted U-shaped flange plate 40 and on the flange 41 of strip; One end of described horizontal pivot 35 is inserted in the interior circular hole of axle bed 3, and the screw mounting hole 56(by axle bed is shown in Fig. 2-2 and 7-2) with screw horizontal pivot is fixed on the axle bed; When the integral hoisting of wind wing suit, the flange 41 usefulness bolts by strip are fastened on axle bed on the principal mode Beam flat board 14, by inverted U-shaped flange plate 40 usefulness bolts axle bed are fixed on the seat board 4 of windmill pivoted frame, make wind wing suit and windmill pivoted frame be assembled into one.
Shown in Fig. 1-1,1-2 and 2-1, the hinge-type wind wing in the wind wing suit comprises: main blade 2, secondary fan blade 7, main blade hinge E, G, secondary fan blade hinge F, H, main blade balancer weight 6 and secondary fan blade balancer weight 1; Described main blade and secondary fan blade all are long strips, the arc of hollow made in its transverse section, promptly one side is an arc surfaced, another side is plane shape (shown in Fig. 1-2), the flat one side of main blade and secondary fan blade is being distinguished towards wind with the wind, main blade and secondary fan blade are installed in the radially both sides of horizontal pivot 35 respectively by two hinge-type hinge E, G and F, H, the longitudinal length of secondary fan blade is than main blade short (as shown in Figure 1); Major and minor fan blade all respectively has two hinge-type hinge main blade hinge E, main blade hinge G and secondary fan blade hinge F, secondary fan blade hinge H(shown in Fig. 2-1,3-1,3-2,4-1,4-2,5-1,5-2), the connecting plate 30 of the connecting plate 50 of main blade hinge E and main blade hinge G is lacked (shown in Fig. 3-1,3-2), be fastened on the plane of main blade one end, secondary fan blade hinge F connecting plate 53 and secondary fan blade hinge H connecting plate 55 are longer, are fastened on the plane of secondary fan blade one end; Shown in Fig. 2-1, one 90 ° fan-shaped jam plate 26, main blade hinge E, secondary fan blade hinge F, main blade hinge G, secondary fan blade hinge H are sleeved on the horizontal pivot 35 in regular turn, the end of main blade hinge E contacts with wind wing locking device, and the end of secondary fan blade hinge H contacts with secondary fan blade damping device; Shown in Fig. 2-1,3-1,3-2, the axle sleeve 27 of main blade hinge E and the mutual fit of an end end face of the axle sleeve 28 of secondary fan blade hinge F; Shown in Fig. 2-3 and 3-1, on the axle sleeve 27 and end faces secondary fan blade hinge F axle sleeve 28 mutual fits of main blade hinge E, be provided with the boss 42 in one 1/4 week; As Fig. 2-2 and 3-1, shown in the 3-2, the axle sleeve 27 of main blade hinge E is leaning on the short boss 37 that one 1/4 week is arranged on the wind wing locking device one end end face, circular arcs and two sides align (shown in Fig. 3-2) in described fan-shaped jam plate 26 and the boss 37, so that fan-shaped jam plate 26 can be fastened on the end face of this boss 37 with sunk screw, as Fig. 2-2, shown in the 3-1, the thickness of described fan-shaped jam plate 26 and this boss height 37 height and that equal wind wing locking device axle sleeve one end end face boss 39, when from the horizontal pivot the tip of the axis when center tubing string direction is seen, boss 37,42 upper left sides that are positioned at horizontal pivot 35 (promptly are positioned at the front on main blade plane, shown in Fig. 2-2) so that the locking of main blade; Shown in Fig. 3-2, two mutually perpendicular sides of described fan-shaped jam plate 26, section respectively has the extension of a fritter rectangle outside it, this extension and fan-shaped jam plate disjunctor and at grade, a minor face of this rectangle is the tangent line of fan-shaped jam plate 26 side external arc ends, be provided with a taper lockhole 38 in the interior long limit central authorities near the fritter rectangle on main blade plane, its big end is towards wind wing locking device; Shown in Fig. 3-1,3-2, on hinge E axle sleeve 27, be provided with a hinge E hyoplastron 51 with hinge E axle sleeve 27 disjunctors with the opposite direction place of main blade, described hinge E hyoplastron 51 is perpendicular to horizontal pivot 35 center lines.
Shown in Fig. 4-1,4-2, the axle sleeve 28 of secondary fan blade hinge F is by being provided with the boss 43 in one 1/4 week on the main blade hinge E one end end face, and hinge F is contour and be complementary by the boss 42 of hinge F one end by the boss 43 of hinge E one end and hinge E; Shown in Fig. 4-2, when the end direction of mind-set horizontal pivot from windmill is seen, boss 43 on the hinge F axle sleeve is positioned at the upper left side of horizontal pivot, so that secondary fan blade cooperates main blade to be become the closed state of level by vertical deployed condition in the working procedure of periodic rotary synchronously; The jam plate 36 of secondary fan blade is the metal profile that one one end curves the right angle, the one head is fastened on the back side of hinge F connecting plate 53 with countersunk screw, its another perpendicular to the part on secondary fan blade plane one taper lockhole 52 is arranged, its big end is towards wind wing locking device, when the wind wing is in the horizontal closed state, the lockhole 52 of the jam plate 36 of secondary fan blade is in the center line alignment with the lockhole 38 of fan-shaped jam plate 26, so that main blade and secondary fan blade lock simultaneously.
Shown in Fig. 5-1,5-2, the axle sleeve 31 of secondary fan blade hinge H with the movable axle sleeve 32 contacted end end faces of secondary fan blade damping device on be provided with the boss 47 in one 1/4 week; The opposite direction place that is positioned at secondary fan blade on the hinge H axle sleeve 31 is provided with a hyoplastron 54, and the hyoplastron 54 of hinge H is perpendicular to horizontal pivot 35.
Shown in Fig. 1,2-5, the present invention also includes main blade balancer weight and secondary fan blade balancer weight, described major and minor fan blade balancer weight is made of equilibrium block and balancing pole, the balancing pole of main blade balancer weight is connected with the hyoplastron of main blade hinge E, the balancing pole of secondary fan blade balancer weight is connected with the hyoplastron of secondary fan blade hinge H, make the gravity torque of one of fan blade separately equate with the gravity torque of one of balancer weight.In the present embodiment, equilibrium block 6,1 is pie, and there is a rectangular through slot one side, there is a through hole in central authorities, and section is that of balancing pole 48 of rectangle has a slotted hole 49, and balancing pole is enclosed within the groove, with bolt locking, the other end of balancing pole uses bolton on hyoplastron separately.
Shown in Fig. 8-1,8-2, the wind wing locking device in the wind wing suit comprises: the sliding pin 57 and the pressure spring 60 of wind wing locking device axle sleeve 25, slide cartridge 24, band wire rope 12; Wind wing locking device axle sleeve 25 is keyed on the horizontal pivot 35, axle sleeve (25) is provided with the boss 39 of a half cycle at the end by hinge E, boss 39 desired locations are shown in Fig. 2-2,8-2, its footpath string is perpendicular to ground, the direction of its circular arc and windmill running in the same way, axle sleeve 25 is at the half cycle boss 39 of an end that depends on hinge E, play position-limiting action to main blade, main blade can only be turned round, so wind wing locking device has locking and spacing dual functions concurrently between the vertical and horizontal position; Slide cartridge 24 and axle sleeve 25 disjunctors, and both center lines parallel, and both centre distance equals the turning radius of the lockhole 38 of fan-shaped jam plate; The plane that the center line of slide cartridge and the center line of horizontal pivot constitute is a level, the position of the circular arc of the position of slide cartridge and boss (39) in the other direction, in slide cartridge, be provided with a sliding pin 57 in axial sliding, plug screw 58, pressure spring 60, stop bit pipe 59, rear end cover 61, the leading portion of sliding pin 57 is divided into three sections: its front end is a truncated cone shape, its tapering and diameter should match with diameter with the tapering of the lockhole 52 of secondary fan blade jam plate, second section is flat section, the length of flat section equals the distance of 36 of fan-shaped jam plate 26 and secondary fan blade jam plates, the 3rd section is truncated cone shape, its tapering and diameter should match with diameter with the tapering of the lockhole 38 of the fan-shaped jam plate of main blade, the rear end of sliding pin fastening plug screw 58; Rear end cover 61 is screwed on the slide cartridge ear end face, the rear end cover of slide cartridge is provided with smooth central through bore, this central through bore is used for reeve 12, the interior edge face of rear end cover is being fixed one section stop bit pipe 59, pressure spring 60 places between the rear end cover of sliding pin back and slide cartridge, and pressure spring is provided with precompression; Shown in Fig. 1-1,10, wire rope 12 passes the central through bore and the stop bit pipe of rear end cover, the through hole that passes the plug screw center again is consolidated in the inner face of plug screw, the corresponding hole 62 of center tubing string of windmill pivoted frame is then passed in the other end of wire rope, penetrate hollow main vertical shaft 17 and arrive in its below pipe box 21, be consolidated in the suspension ring 64 on piston 22 tops; Every wire rope is deployed in flat section of windmill pivoted frame and is equipped with euphroe 13, to regulate its elasticity.
Shown in Fig. 2-1,2-4, be provided with secondary fan blade damping device in the wind wing suit at the horizontal pivot the tip of the axis, it comprises: fixed axle sleeve 33, movable axle sleeve 32 and torque spring 34; Fixed axle sleeve 33 usefulness taper keies are fixed on horizontal pivot 35 rears, and shown in Fig. 2-4, fixed axle sleeve 33 is provided with the fixed axle sleeve ear 46 of disjunctor with it, and there is a through hole in its central authorities; Movable axle sleeve 32 also is provided with the movable axle sleeve ear 45 of disjunctor with it, movable axle sleeve 32 is installed between the hinge H axle sleeve 31 of fixed axle sleeve 33 and secondary fan blade, movable axis is enclosed within the boss 44 that the end face that contacts with hinge H is provided with 1/4 week that a boss 47 with hinge H is complementary, boss 44 is contour with boss 47, and movable axle sleeve ear 45 is provided with a through hole; Torque spring 34 is contained on the sleeve outer circle between two ears 45,46 of movable axle sleeve and fixed axle sleeve, two of torque spring respectively embeds among the through hole of two ears 45,46, torque spring is relaxed state, make when secondary fan blade is in the lock state, angle between a side t of movable axle sleeve boss 44 and the side s of hinge H outer end boss 47 is 150 °～170 °, is the best with 165 °.Shown in Fig. 2-5, in the present embodiment, the side t of movable axle sleeve boss 44 and the angle of horizontal plane are 15 °.
As shown in figure 10, the derailing switch of described wind wing locking device comprises: tape spool is to the piston 22 of the pipe box 21 of short slot 65, band feather key 66 and suspension ring 64, n bar wire rope 12 and the jack 23 from wind wing locking device; Pipe box 21 hypomeres under main vertical shaft have one section axial short slot 65, feather key 66 is fixed on the piston 22, feather key is stuck in the short slot, can in pipe box, slide up and down together with piston, axially short slot is used to avoid piston 22 to rotate with respect to pipe box 21, the n bar is from the wire rope 12 of wind wing locking device, all be consolidated on the suspension ring 65 of piston head, the weight of piston must surpass summation spring 60 pressure and that add various frictional force of n wind wing locking device, make the wire rope of direct bearing can strain sliding pin 57 and rest on its retaining position, the front end of sliding pin does not contact with fan-shaped jam plate (26); One jack 23 is set below piston, and jack 23 is used for driven plunger and slides up and down in the lower end of pipe box (21); The stroke of piston will equal the total travel of sliding pin.
Foregoing description is that the structure of the windmill of the present invention when main blade is installed in the horizontal pivot top is described.Also main blade can be installed in the horizontal pivot below, as long as will be enclosed within wind wing locking device, the hinge-type wind wing and secondary fan blade damping device on the horizontal pivot this moment, all Rotate 180 ° just becomes the below that main blade is positioned at horizontal pivot, at this moment, windmill counterrotating.
The working principle of windmill of the present invention is as follows: when windmill normally moved, because the action of gravity of the piston of derailing switch makes sliding pin retreat to the retaining position by wire rope, its front end did not contact with fan-shaped jam plate 26, and just the wind wing is in unlocking condition.Windmill of the present invention is as follows in the runnability of a period of rotation apoplexy wing: the wind-force that acts on the major-minor fan blade plane has two kinds: a kind of pressure that is perpendicular to the fan blade plane; Another kind is the pressure perpendicular to the fan blade plane (bernoulli principle) that produces because of the arc fan blade back side, in order to distinguish with the former, the latter is referred to as lift.Shown in Fig. 1-2, on the direction parallel, along the windmill center, windmill is divided into distinguishes ABC with the wind and distinguish against the wind two intervals of CDA with wind direction; When the wind wing (comprising the appellation under the situation of main blade and secondary fan blade simultaneously) during at the A point, vertically act on the wind-force on fan blade plane, it is maximum that lift reaches, and pressure is 0; This moment, the main blade stop bit was in the stop surface a place of the boss (39) of axle sleeve 25, and in vertical state, and secondary fan blade is littler than main blade towards the wind area, and stop bit is in the stop surface c place of the boss 42 of main blade, also in vertical state; Main blade and secondary fan blade vertically act on the wind-force on main blade and secondary fan blade plane when A turns to B, and lift drops to 0 from maximum, and pressure is raised to maximum from 0; Again when B turns to C, lift is raised to maximum from 0 again, and pressure drops to 0 again from maximum, and the wind wing all is in plumbness (to turn to C from A) in the meantime, so interval with the wind, the wind wing all is subjected to the pressure of wind with maximum area all the time and the superposition of lift is done positive work; When the wind wing when C turns to D, lift reduces gradually, the resistance at the fan blade back side (bow shaped surface) increases gradually, main, secondary fan blade all tilts to the wind substantially horizontal gradually, when D point place, main, secondary fan blade all is the level of state, lift and pressure are 0, and this moment is only main, secondary fan blade vertically be subjected to resistance, when D turns to A, lift increases gradually, the resistance at the fan blade back side reduces gradually, and is main, the plane of secondary fan blade all is subjected to the effect of lift and is launched by level gradually and become plumbness, so interval against the wind, the wind wing reduces its area against the wind, and negative work is reduced to minimum.In fact, the scope that the wind wing of windmill of the present invention is made positive work surpasses 180 °, and when the wind wing is in when interval against the wind, the angle of itself and wind direction is during less than certain angle, and the lift that acts on the fan blade plane is greater than resistance (negative pressure), because lift is all made positive work all the time; In near the scope of angle this angle and D point of the wind wing and wind direction, lift and resistance balance favour different amount in fan blade, so in this scope, the wind wing is in the zero power state, at the D point, can the wind wing reach and keep level? answer is sure, at the D point, the lift and the pressure that act on the fan blade plane all tend to 0, this moment, gravity torque played a leading role, because " hinge " requires the closing face of its hinge to be no more than the center line of its transverse section, so the time main blade center of gravity (when main blade is positioned at horizontal pivot when top) above the center line of level, and the center of gravity of balancer weight is just on the center line of level, the gravity torque imbalance at two, require main blade to descend again a bit, but because stop surface e the stopping of positive stop lug boss 39 to stop surface f, make main blade can only keep level, and this moment secondary fan blade center of gravity below the center line of level, gravity torque requires secondary fan blade to rise a bit again, but because main blade positive stop lug boss 42 stop surface g stopping to stop surface h, make secondary fan blade also can only remain on level, near ordering near D, the lift that this moment, the major-minor fan blade was subjected to is very little, do not offset the effect of gravity torque, therefore the wind wing can also keep level, thus only D order near, the wind wing is just made negative work.
When windmill need stop (in circuitous storm or maintenance), with the jack of piston below with piston jack-up (between piston and jack, fill up a thrust bearing), make all corresponding fan-shaped jam plate that heads on its front of n sliding pin, enter the major and minor fan blade of distinguishing against the wind this moment and progressively tilt, and become level towards downwind by plumbness; The lockhole of the major and minor fan blade of each wind wing suit is aimed at its sliding pin successively and is locked by sliding pin, inertia by means of the windmill pivoted frame changeed for 1/4～1/2 week more at last, and the wind wing of remainder is also all locked, brake windmill then artificially, make windmill be in dormant state.A clutch should be set between windmill and load,, help the startup of windmill, load again after the windmill after starting works well so that when stopping or start, make windmill be in unloaded state.
When needs recover running, substep is cancelled the holder power (release brake simultaneously) of jack, allow the stroke of piston drop by half earlier, this moment, the gravity of piston made wire rope tension sliding pin withdraw from the lockhole of secondary fan blade, secondary fan blade is unblanked earlier, be in the secondary fan blade in district with the wind, promptly downward rapidly and down wind overturns towards the back horizontal plane backward, the stop surface s of the boss 47 of the hinge H of secondary fan blade runs into the stop surface t of the boss 44 of secondary fan blade damping device, make secondary fan blade obtain buffering, and stop bit is in certain angle, and then allows piston its total travel that descends, and makes sliding pin withdraw from the lockhole of main blade, main blade i.e. upwards upset, the stop surface c of the boss 42 of the hinge E of main blade runs into the stop surface d of the boss 43 of secondary fan blade hinge F, and drive secondary fan blade together to vertical position revolution and stop bit in the position of plumbness, just can start windmill this moment, this moment, main blade was to turn round to downwind, and secondary fan blade is to the upwind revolution, plays a part damping, slows down the speed of wind wing playback; Be in the behavior of the major and minor fan blade in district against the wind after unblanking, the situation when normally moving with windmill is the same, has only to enter successively to distinguish just can change normal operation over to the wind.So when installing, make whole wind wing lockings, so that start later on.Secondary fan blade damping device is unnecessary when windmill normally moves, and only in that the wind wing is locked when unblanking again, just uses.
Windmill of the present invention is to the utilization ratio height of wind energy, and can arbitrarily stop, and has the characteristics of the sudden and violent and convenient for maintaining of wind resistance.Believe and to be its effect of low-carbon economy performance in the whole world.
Claims (7)
1. the hinge-type vertical axis windmill of the wind wing that can stop, it comprises main vertical shaft and supports the metal (upper of main vertical shaft (17) (16,20) and be sheathed on the outer driving gear (18) of main vertical shaft and the derailing switch of break (19), windmill pivoted frame, wind wing suit and wind wing locking device; Main vertical shaft vertically is positioned at the center of windmill, the windmill pivoted frame is installed on the upper end of main vertical shaft, the windmill pivoted frame is made the steel structure frame of overlooking to positive n dihedral, n 〉=3, n wind wing suit is installed on the end at each angle at n angle of windmill pivoted frame, described wind wing suit comprises wind wing locking device, and wind wing locking device is located at the inboard of wind wing suit; The derailing switch of wind wing locking device is located at the lower end of main vertical shaft; Described driving gear is used to drive generator for electricity generation.
2. by can the stop vertical axis windmill of the wind wing of the described hinge-type of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described windmill pivoted frame comprises center tubing string (10), upper and lower supporting disk (11,15), principal mode Beam (8), strut; Described n root principal mode Beam (8) horizontal distribution is around the tubing string of center, and the one end is fixed on the upper support dish (11), and the other end of every principal mode Beam is connected with a wind wing suit; One end of n root strut be supported in principal mode Beam (8) outside below, the other end of n root strut is supported on the lower supporting disc (15), every corresponding each root principal mode Beam that supports of strut constitutes a truss; Constitute windmill pivoted frame by center tubing string, upper and lower supporting disk, a n truss as the support frame structure of umbrella; Described center tubing string (10) is positioned at the top of main vertical shaft (17), and center tubing string (10) two is respectively connecting upper and lower supporting disk (11,15), and lower supporting disc (15) is fixed on the upper end of main vertical shaft; Described main vertical shaft (17) upper end joins with the center tubing string (10) of windmill pivoted frame and communicates, there be n smooth being used to pass the through hole (62) of wire rope (12) around the described center tubing string (10), the position of each through hole is corresponding with each wind wing suit respectively, so that the passing of wire rope; Main vertical shaft and center tubing string are hollow, and the wire rope in it and main vertical shaft, windmill pivoted frame and wind wing suit all rotate synchronously; Main vertical shaft is affixed a pipe box (21) in the below of its lower bearing (20), and the derailing switch of wind wing locking device is contained in the hypomere and the below of pipe box, interrelates with wire rope (12) and wind wing locking device; Described pipe box (21), wire rope (12) all rotate synchronously with main vertical shaft.
3. by can the stop vertical axis windmill of the wind wing of the described hinge-type of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wind wing suit comprises: hollow horizontal pivot (35) and axle bed (3) thereof, wind wing locking device, the hinge-type wind wing and secondary fan blade damping device; Axle bed is a hollow-core construction, the transverse section is the square-outside and round-inside structure, the bottom surface of horizontal pivot axle bed (3) is provided with the inverted U-shaped flange plate (40) of disjunctor with it, respectively there is the flange of the strip of disjunctor (41) with it both sides in the one side that contacts with principal mode Beam flat board (14) of axle bed (3), upward and on the flange (41) of strip be equipped with bolt mounting holes at inverted U-shaped flange plate (40), one end of described horizontal pivot (35) is inserted in the interior circular hole of axle bed (3), and the screw mounting hole (56) by axle bed is fixed on horizontal pivot on the axle bed with screw; When the integral hoisting of wind wing suit, the bolt mounting holes of the flange by strip is fastened on axle bed on the principal mode Beam flat board (14) with bolt, by inverted U-shaped flange plate (40) axle bed is fixed by bolts on the seat board (4) of windmill pivoted frame, makes wind wing suit and windmill pivoted frame be assembled into one.
4. by can the stop vertical axis windmill of the wind wing of claim 2 or 3 described hinge-types, it is characterized in that: the hinge-type wind wing in the described wind wing suit comprises: main blade (2), secondary fan blade (7), main blade hinge E, G, secondary fan blade hinge F, H, main blade balancer weight (6) and secondary fan blade balancer weight (1); Described main blade and secondary fan blade all are long strips, the arc of hollow made in its transverse section, promptly one side is a plane shape for arc surfaced, another side, the one side of plane shape is being distinguished towards wind with the wind, major and minor fan blade all respectively has two hinge-type hinges---main blade hinge E and main blade hinge G, secondary fan blade hinge F and secondary fan blade hinge H, main blade and secondary fan blade are installed in the radially both sides of horizontal pivot (35) respectively by two hinge-type main blade hinge E, G, secondary fan blade hinge F, H, the longitudinal length of secondary fan blade is shorter than main blade; The connecting plate of main blade hinge E and G (50,30) is shorter, is fastened on the plane of an end of main blade, and the connecting plate of secondary fan blade hinge F and H (53,55) is longer, is fastened on the plane of an end of secondary fan blade; One 90 ° fan-shaped jam plate (26), main blade hinge E, secondary fan blade hinge F, main blade hinge G, secondary fan blade hinge H are sleeved on the horizontal pivot (35) in regular turn, the end of the hinge E of main blade contacts with wind wing locking device, and the end of the hinge H of secondary fan blade contacts with secondary fan blade damping device; The mutual fit of one end end face of the axle sleeve (27) of the hinge E of main blade and the axle sleeve (28) of secondary fan blade hinge F, on hinge E and the fit face secondary fan blade hinge F of main blade, be provided with the boss (42) in one 1/4 week, on an end end face of the close wind wing locking device of the hinge E of main blade, be provided with the short boss (37) in one 1/4 week, described fan-shaped jam plate (26) aligns with the interior circular arc of boss (37) and two sides, so that fan-shaped jam plate (26) can be fastened on the end face of this boss (37) with sunk screw, the thickness of described fan-shaped jam plate (26) and height this boss (37) height and that equal wind wing locking device axle sleeve one end end face boss (39), when from the horizontal pivot the tip of the axis when center tubing string direction is seen, boss (37,42) be positioned at the upper left side of horizontal pivot (35), promptly be positioned at the front on main blade plane, so that the locking of main blade; Two mutually perpendicular sides of described fan-shaped jam plate (26), section respectively has the extension of a fritter rectangle outside it, this extension and fan-shaped jam plate disjunctor and at grade, a minor face of this rectangle is the tangent line of fan-shaped jam plate (26) side external arc end, be provided with a taper lockhole (38) in the interior long limit central authorities near the fritter rectangle on main blade plane, its big end is towards wind wing locking device; Go up and the opposite direction place of main blade is provided with a hinge E hyoplastron (51) with hinge E axle sleeve (27) disjunctor at hinge E axle sleeve (27), described hinge E hyoplastron (51) is perpendicular to horizontal pivot (35) center line; The axle sleeve (28) of secondary fan blade hinge F is by being provided with the boss (43) in one 1/4 week on the main blade hinge E one end end face, hinge F is contour and be complementary by the boss (42) of hinge F one end by the boss (43) of hinge E one end and hinge E; When the end direction of mind-set horizontal pivot from windmill is seen, boss (43) on the hinge F axle sleeve is positioned at the upper left side of horizontal pivot, so that secondary fan blade cooperates main blade to be become the closed state of level by vertical deployed condition in the working procedure of periodic rotary synchronously; The jam plate (36) of secondary fan blade is the metal profile that one one end curves the right angle, the one head is fastened on the back side of hinge F connecting plate (53) with countersunk screw, its another perpendicular to the part on secondary fan blade plane one taper lockhole (52) is arranged, its big end is towards wind wing locking device, when the wind wing is in the horizontal closed state, the lockhole (52) of the jam plate (36) of secondary fan blade is in the center line alignment with the lockhole (38) of fan-shaped jam plate (26), so that main blade and secondary fan blade lock simultaneously; The axle sleeve (31) of secondary fan blade hinge H with the contacted end end face of the movable axle sleeve (32) of secondary fan blade damping device on be provided with the boss (47) in one 1/4 week; The opposite direction place that is positioned at secondary fan blade on the secondary fan blade hinge H axle sleeve (31) is provided with a hyoplastron (54), and the hyoplastron of hinge H (54) is perpendicular to horizontal pivot (35); Described major and minor fan blade balancer weight is made of equilibrium block and balancing pole, the balancing pole of main blade balancer weight is connected with the hyoplastron of main blade hinge E, the balancing pole of secondary fan blade balancer weight is connected with the hyoplastron of secondary fan blade hinge H, make the gravity torque of one of fan blade separately equate with the gravity torque of one of balancer weight.
5. by can the stop vertical axis windmill of the wind wing of claim 2 or 3 described hinge-types, it is characterized in that: the wind wing locking device in the described wind wing suit comprises: the sliding pin (57) and the pressure spring (60) of wind wing locking device axle sleeve (25), slide cartridge (24), band wire rope (12); Axle sleeve is keyed on the pivot (35), wind wing locking device axle sleeve (25) has the boss (39) of a half cycle at the end by main blade hinge E, its footpath string is perpendicular to ground, the direction of its circular arc and windmill running in the same way, wind wing locking device axle sleeve (25) is at the half cycle boss (39) of an end that depends on main blade hinge E, play position-limiting action, main blade can only be turned round between the vertical and horizontal position main blade; Slide cartridge (24) and axle sleeve (25) disjunctor, and both axis parallel, both centre distance equals the turning radius of the lockhole (38) of the fan-shaped jam plate of main blade, the orientation of slide cartridge: the plane that the center line of slide cartridge and pivot constitutes is a level, the position of the circular arc of the position of slide cartridge and boss (39) in the other direction, one sliding pin (57) is in axial sliding arranged in the slide cartridge, its leading portion is divided into three sections: its front end is a truncated cone shape, its tapering and diameter should match with diameter with the tapering of the lockhole (52) of secondary fan blade jam plate, second section is flat section, its length equals the distance between fan-shaped jam plate of main blade (26) and secondary fan blade jam plate (36), the 3rd section is truncated cone shape, its tapering and diameter should match with diameter with the tapering of the lockhole (38) of the fan-shaped jam plate of main blade, the rear end of sliding pin fastening plug screw (58); The rear end cover of slide cartridge (61) is screwed on the slide cartridge ear end face, smooth central through bore is stamped in the rear end of slide cartridge, the interior edge face of rear end cover is being fixed one section stop bit pipe (59), and pressure spring (60) places between the rear end cover of sliding pin back and slide cartridge, and pressure spring is provided with precompression; Article one, wire rope (12) passes the mesopore and the stop bit pipe of rear end cover, the through hole that passes the plug screw center again is consolidated in its inner face, the corresponding hole of center tubing string (62) of windmill pivoted frame is then passed in the other end of wire rope, penetrate hollow main vertical shaft (17) and arrive in its below pipe box (21), be consolidated in the suspension ring (64) on piston (22) top; Every wire rope is deployed in flat section of windmill pivoted frame and is equipped with euphroe (13).
6. by can the stop vertical axis windmill of the wind wing of claim 2 or 3 described hinge-types, it is characterized in that: the secondary fan blade damping device in the described wind wing suit comprises: fixed axle sleeve (33), movable axle sleeve (32) and torque spring (34); Be fixed on fixed axle sleeve (33) on pivot (35) rear with taper key, an ear of disjunctor (46) is with it arranged, there is a through hole in its central authorities; Movable axle sleeve (32) is installed between the hinge H axle sleeve (31) of fixed axle sleeve (33) and secondary fan blade, movable axis is enclosed within the boss (44) that one 1/4 week is arranged on the end face by hinge H, boss (44) is contour with boss (47), movable axis is with an ear of disjunctor (45) with it, and there is a through hole in its central authorities; Torque spring (34) is contained on the sleeve outer circle between two ears (45,46) of movable axle sleeve and fixed axle sleeve, two of torque spring respectively embeds among the through hole of two ears, torque spring is relaxed state, make: when secondary fan blade was in the lock state, the angle between a side (t) of movable axle sleeve boss (44) and the side (s) of hinge H outer end boss (47) was 150 °～170 °.
7. by can the stop vertical axis windmill of the wind wing of the described hinge-type of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the derailing switch of described locking device comprises: tape spool is to the piston (22) of pipe box (21), band feather key (66) and the suspension ring (64) of short slot, n bar wire rope (12) and the jack (23) from wind wing locking device; Pipe box under main vertical shaft (21) hypomere has one section axial short slot (65), feather key (66) is fixed on the piston (22), feather key is stuck in the short slot, can in pipe box, slide up and down together with piston, the n bar is from the wire rope (12) of wind wing locking device, all be consolidated in the suspension ring (64) of piston head, the weight of piston must surpass summation spring (60) pressure and that add various frictional force of n locking device, the wire rope tension sliding pin (57) of direct bearing is rested on its retaining position, and the front end of sliding pin does not contact with fan-shaped jam plate (26); Put a jack (23) below piston, jack (23) is used for driven plunger and slides up and down in the lower end of pipe box (21); The stroke of piston will equal the total travel of sliding pin.
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| CN 201110115917 CN102135075B (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-05-05 | Vertical shaft windmill with hinge stoppable wind wing |
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| CN201020209346 | 2010-05-21 | ||
| CN201020209346.X | 2010-05-21 | ||
| CN 201110115917 CN102135075B (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-05-05 | Vertical shaft windmill with hinge stoppable wind wing |
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| CN103075298A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-05-01 | 吴庆 | Turning plate type vertical shaft windmill capable of carrying out ON1/ON2/OFF |
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