CN102129056B - Magnetic resonance imaging method - Google Patents
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- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic resonance imaging method. The method comprises the following steps of: S10: transmitting a scale excitation waveform and a wavelet excitation waveform at an L level determined according to required image resolution; S20: acquiring an L-level scale coefficient according to the scale excitation waveform and calculating an energy value of the L-level scale coefficient, and acquiring an L-level wavelet coefficient according to the wavelet excitation waveform and calculating the energy value of the L-level wavelet coefficient; S30: judging whether the energy value of the L-level wavelet coefficient is greater than a predetermined L-level threshold; if the energy value of the L-level wavelet coefficient is greater than the predetermined L-level threshold, predicting an acquisition position of an (L-1)-level wavelet coefficient energy value according to the position of the energy value of the L-level wavelet coefficient, transmitting a corresponding wavelet excitation waveform, and acquiring the (L-1)-level wavelet energy value; and S40, reconstructing an image and generating the image according to the L-level scale energy value and wavelet energy values at each level. The method can reduce the acquisition amount of data by a predicting method, reduce imaging time and fulfill the aim of imaging rapidly.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to imaging field, particularly relate to a kind of MR imaging method.
[background technology]
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the image-forming diagnose technology that a kind of quilt extensively adopts, and can obtain the shape information and the function information of inspection area simultaneously, has other technological institute incomparable advantage, becomes the important means of current medical imaging.
Yet mr imaging technique is higher to the susceptibility of object of which movement; The heartbeat of those who are investigated's health in the imaging process, breathing and the physiological motion such as move and all can make image fog and contrast distortion, so that the diagnostic image that can't obtain having clinical value.
It is thus clear that the image taking speed of traditional MR imaging method is fast inadequately, can't be carried out to picture to the object that moves fast.
[summary of the invention]
Based on this, be necessary to provide a kind of MR imaging method of fast imaging.
A kind of MR imaging method may further comprise the steps: S10: L level emission yardstick excitation waveform and the small echo excitation waveform confirmed according to required image resolution; S20: gather L level scale coefficient and calculate L level yardstick energy value according to said yardstick excitation waveform, gather L level wavelet coefficient and calculate L level wavelet energy value according to said small echo excitation waveform; S30: whether judge said L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, be then to predict the collection position value of L-1 level wavelet energy value and launch the small echo excitation waveform, and gather L-1 level wavelet energy value according to the positional value of L level wavelet energy value; S40: carry out image reconstruction according to L level yardstick energy value and wavelet energy value at different levels, and generate image.
Preferably, on said L level, launch 2
M-LIndividual yardstick excitation waveform and small echo excitation waveform, the collection number when said M is phase encoding.
Preferably, step S30 comprises: S310: produce formation; S330: whether judge said L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, said L level threshold value is E
L, be, then the positional value of L level wavelet energy value gets into formation, said positional value file layout be (m, Lth), m representes the position, Lth representes to belong to progression; S350: according to the positional value of said formation (m, Lth) according to 2m, and (L-1) th} with 2m+1, (L-1) mode of th} is predicted the positional value of two wavelet energy values on the L-1 level; S370: { 2m, (L-1) th} is with { 2m+1, (L-1) the positional value place of th} emission small echo excitation waveform and obtain L-1 level wavelet energy value judges that whether said L-1 wavelet energy value is greater than L-1 level threshold value E said
L-1, be that the positional value of then said L-1 wavelet energy value gets into said formation, not, then is worth from said formation delete position.
Preferably, said E
L-1=(40% ~ 90%) E
L
Preferably, comprise after the step S370: S390: judge whether formation is empty, is, then puts L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, not, then returns step S350.
Preferably, said small echo excitation waveform is the 2-d wavelet excitation waveform, and the number of said 2-d wavelet excitation waveform is 2
-2LN, the collection number when N representes phase encoding.
Preferably, step S30 comprises: S320: produce formation; S340: whether judge said L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, said L level threshold value is τ
L, be, then the positional value of L level wavelet energy value gets into formation, said positional value file layout be (i, L, k, m), i is 1,2,3 and 4, k and m represent the position value; S360: according to the positional value of said formation (i, L, k, m) according to (i, L-1,2k, 2m), (i, L-1,2k, 2m+1), (i, L-1,2k+1,2m) with (i, L-1,2k+1, mode 2m+1) is predicted four collection position values in L-1 level wavelet energy value; S380: said (i, L-1,2k, 2m), (i, L-1; 2k, 2m+1), (i, L-1,2k+1,2m) with (i; L-1,2k+1, positional value place emission small echo excitation waveform 2m+1) also obtains L-1 level wavelet energy value, judges that whether said L-1 wavelet energy value is greater than L-1 level threshold value τ
L-1, be, then get into said formation, not, then be worth from said formation delete position.
Preferably, said τ
L-1=(40% ~ 90%) τ
L
Preferably, comprise step 410 after the step S380: judge whether formation is empty, is, then puts L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, not, then returns step S360.
Adopt above-mentioned method, can reduce the collection capacity of data, be reduced to the time of picture, reach the purpose of fast imaging through forecast method.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of magnetic resonance imaging;
Fig. 2 is the method particular flow sheet of the magnetic resonance two-dimensional imaging of an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the example schematic of method of the magnetic resonance two-dimensional imaging of an embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the magnetic resonance three-dimensional method for imaging particular flow sheet of another embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the example schematic of the magnetic resonance three-dimensional method for imaging of another embodiment.
[embodiment]
In order to improve magnetic resonance imaging speed, proposed a kind of image to be realized magnetic resonance imaging fast based on the method for wavelet coding.
See also accompanying drawing 1, be the method flow diagram of magnetic resonance imaging.
S10: L level emission yardstick excitation waveform and the small echo excitation waveform confirmed according to required image resolution.Picture coding is carried out classification, and the L level is to confirm according to the resolution sizes of required imaging, for example 320 * 240,640 * 480,800 * 600 or 1024 * 768 etc., and emission yardstick excitation waveform and small echo excitation waveform on the L level then.Particularly; Be divided into low frequency region and high-frequency region to the L level; At low frequency region emission yardstick excitation waveform; And be
at high-frequency region emission small echo excitation waveform; And be
; Wherein φ (y) is a scaling function; ψ (y) is and the corresponding wavelet function of scaling function, because scaling function not at the same level and wavelet function all are on corresponding generating function basis, to obtain with translation through flexible.Then at low frequency region of confirming and corresponding emission yardstick excitation waveform and the small echo excitation waveform of high-frequency region; Can obtain the scale coefficient of specific region accurately and obtain the yardstick energy value and wavelet coefficient and obtain the wavelet energy value; According to the position that the accurate prediction needs in the zone of dividing are gathered, improve the speed and the accuracy of gathering.In the embodiment of two-dimensional imaging, on the L level, launch 2
M-LCollection number when individual yardstick excitation waveform and small echo excitation waveform, M are traditional phase encoding.In other embodiments, in the embodiment of three-dimensional imaging, the small echo excitation waveform is the 2-d wavelet excitation waveform
The number of this 2-d wavelet excitation waveform is 2
-2LN, the collection number when N representes traditional phase encoding.
S20: gather L level scale coefficient and calculate L level yardstick energy value according to said yardstick excitation waveform, gather L level wavelet coefficient and calculate L level wavelet energy value according to the small echo excitation waveform.According to emission yardstick excitation waveform
The reception signal that is obtained is S
k(t)=∫ ∫ ρ (x, y) φ
M-L, k(y) e
IxGxtDxdy also calculates its energy value; Emission small echo excitation waveform
The reception signal that is obtained is S
k(t)=∫ ∫ ρ (x, y) ψ
M-L, k(y) e
IxGxtDxdy also calculates its energy value, wherein, the collection number when M is traditional phase encoding, L is place progression, k positional value.In other embodiments, the reception signal that obtained of 2-d wavelet excitation waveform
is for
and calculate its energy value.Wherein, the collection number when M is traditional phase encoding, wherein, j gets 1,2,3,4, the collection number when M is traditional phase encoding, L is place progression, k and m positional value.
S30: whether judge L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, be then to predict the collection position value of L-1 level wavelet energy value and launch the small echo excitation waveform, and gather L-1 level wavelet energy value according to the positional value of L level wavelet energy value.Tree construction according to wavelet coefficient can know that the high frequency coefficient value on the L level is bigger, and the child node coefficient on the corresponding L-1 level also has bigger value.So the L level wavelet energy value that on the L level, obtains compares with preset threshold value; Collection position value greater than the pairing positional value prediction of the L level wavelet energy value of threshold value L-1 level wavelet energy value; And, gather the wavelet energy value of L-1 level then at the collection position value place of this prediction emission small echo excitation waveform.The collection position value of the wavelet energy value of the next stage of the collection position value prediction L-1 level of the L-1 level wavelet energy value of in like manner, being gathered in the L-1 level.Then, so circulation is up to the data energy value finishing collecting of the collection position value of the wavelet energy value of all predictions at different levels.
S40: carry out image reconstruction according to L level yardstick energy value and wavelet energy value at different levels, and generate image.Particularly, as long as gathering the yardstick energy value in the L level, and to be captured at different levels (be L, L-1, L-2 ... 1 grade) the wavelet energy value put in order, and carry out image reconstruction, generate the MRI image.
In one embodiment, see also accompanying drawing 2, based on the concrete grammar to two-dimensional imaging of said method.The key distinction of itself and said method is step S30, and step is following particularly:
S310: produce formation.A formation at first is set, is used to be placed on the positional value data of wavelet energy values of gathering at different levels.
S330: whether judge L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, this L level threshold value is E
L, be, then the positional value of L level wavelet energy value gets into formation, this positional value file layout be (m, Lth), m representes the position, Lth representes to belong to progression; Not, then less than the E of threshold value
LPositional value do not get into formation.Particularly,, compare this value and preset L level threshold value then, use E to the threshold value of L level simultaneously according to the wavelet energy value of being obtained in the L level
LExpression.If the L level wavelet energy value of being gathered is greater than this threshold value E
L, then the positional value pattern storage according to the rules of L level wavelet energy value in the set good formation of step S310.
S350: (m is Lth) according to { 2m, (L-1) th} is with { 2m+1, (L-1) mode of th} is predicted the positional value in last two the wavelet energy values of (L-1) level according to the positional value of said formation.From the formation of step S310 (principle of first in first out) in a certain order, come out each element extraction of formation, predict the positional value of the little wave measurement of next stage according to certain mode.The method of the position prediction of wavelet energy value is according to positions of elements value m and L in the formation, and then according to m=2m and m=2m+1, the mode of L=L-1 is predicted the positional value of required collection in next stage.
S370: in that { 2m, (L-1) th} is with { 2m+1, (L-1) the positional value place of th} emission small echo excitation waveform and obtain (L-1) level wavelet energy value judges that whether (L-1) wavelet energy value is greater than (L-1) level threshold value E
L-1, be, then get into formation, not, then the delete position is worth from formation; Said E
L-1=(80% ~ 90%) E
L{ 2m, (L-1) th} is with { 2m+1 (L-1) launches small echo excitation waveform and corresponding obtaining in (L-1) of next stage level wavelet energy value respectively on the th} in two positions of prediction.(the L)-1 grade wavelet energy value and the preset E that obtain
L-1Relatively, if greater than then getting in the set good formation of step S310; If, can not get in the formation the deletion of the positional value of (the L)-1 wavelet energy value of correspondence less than then, therefore the position data of corresponding needs collection will gradually reduce, and reduces the collection capacity of data.And the value that threshold value at different levels is got is different, but the threshold value of all following next stage is 40% ~ 90% of a upper level threshold value.
S390: judge whether formation is empty, is, then puts L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, not, then returns step S350.Judge that whether formation is empty, promptly judging whether has needed data predicted in addition, if do not have, explains that all should data predicted accomplish collection, thus put L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, for image reconstruction is prepared.If also have the data of positional value in the formation, then return step 350, predict that according to the positional value in the formation corresponding place progression is from reducing to next progression, the 2m of the next stage that predicts place progression of m positional value correspondence and the position of 2m+1.
In one embodiment,, consult accompanying drawing 3, be described in detail in conjunction with concrete embodiment based on the concrete grammar of above-mentioned two-dimensional imaging:
The data field that needs collection is provided, is divided into 4 grades as required.Following to the acquisition mode of data particularly:
Divide low frequency range and high frequency region at the 4th grade, at low frequency range emission yardstick excitation waveform, at high-frequency region emission small echo excitation waveform.
Gather 4 grades of yardstick energy values according to the yardstick excitation waveform, gather 4 grades of yardstick energy values according to the small echo excitation waveform.
According to the positional value that collects according to place progression from subtracting, the predicted position value is 2 times and 2 of the upper level position extraordinarily 1, promptly (3,4) positional value of predicting is (6,3) and (7,3); The positional value that predict (5,4) is (10,3) and (11,3).
Position (6,3), two small echo excitation waveforms of (7,3) emission at 3rd level obtain 23 grades of wavelet energy values, are respectively 55,64; And, also obtain 23 grades of wavelet energy values at (10,3), two small echo excitation waveforms of (11,3) emission, be respectively 50,60.3 grades of preset threshold values are 40% ~ 90% of 4 grades of threshold values, can select 65 to be 3 grades of threshold values here.Thus it is clear that, be (11,3) greater than the positional value that has only of 3 grades of threshold values 65, so (11,3) have added formation, as the positional value data of 2 grades of predictions.And (6,3), (7,3) and (10,3) pairing energy value do not surpass 3 grades of threshold values, so its positional value does not join formation, and delete.This shows that the data value of collection constantly reduces, accelerated the picking rate of data, improved image taking speed.
Judge in the formation whether to also have element (positional value) then, if progression in the element is then arranged from subtracting, corresponding predicted position value is 2 times and 2 extraordinarily 1, so circulation, and all data in formation are all accomplished.If do not have element (positional value) in the formation, then 4 grades of yardstick energy values and wavelet energy value at different levels arrangement, and carry out image reconstruction, generate two dimensional image.
In another embodiment, see also accompanying drawing 4, based on the concrete grammar to three-dimensional imaging of said method.The key distinction of itself and said method is step S30, and step is following particularly:
S320: produce formation.A formation at first is set, is used to be placed on the positional value data of wavelet energy values of gathering at different levels.
S340: whether judge said L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, this L level threshold value is τ
L, be, then the positional value of L level wavelet energy value gets into formation, not, then the positional value of L level wavelet energy value does not get into formation, this positional value file layout be (i, L, k, m), i is 1,2,3 and 4, k and m represent the position value.Particularly,, compare this value and preset L level threshold value then, use τ to the threshold value of L level simultaneously according to the wavelet energy value of being obtained in the L level
LExpression.If the L level wavelet energy value of being gathered is greater than this threshold value τ
L, then the positional value pattern storage according to the rules of L level wavelet energy value in the set good formation of step S320.
S360: (k is m) according to (i, L-1,2k for i, L according to the positional value of said formation; 2m), (i, L-1,2k, 2m+1), (i, L-1; 2k+1,2m) with (i, L-1,2k+1, mode 2m+1) is predicted four collection position values in (L-1) level wavelet energy value.From the formation of step S320 (principle of first in first out) in a certain order, come out each element extraction of formation, predict the positional value of the little wave measurement of next stage according to certain mode.
S380: (i, L-1,2k, 2m), (i, L-1; 2k, 2m+1), (i, L-1,2k+1,2m) with (i; L-1,2k+1, positional value place emission small echo excitation waveform 2m+1) also obtains (L-1) level wavelet energy value, judges that whether said (L-1) wavelet energy value is greater than (L-1) level threshold value τ
L-1, be, then greater than (L-1) level threshold value τ
L-1Positional value get into said formation, not, then be not worth from said formation delete position; Said τ
L-1=(80% ~ 90%) τ
LIn four positions of prediction (i, L-1,2k, 2m), (i, L-1,2k, 2m+1), (2k+1 is 2m) with (2k+1 launches small echo excitation waveform and corresponding on 2m+1) respectively and obtains grade wavelet energy value in (L)-1 of next stage for i, L-1 for i, L-1.(the L)-1 grade wavelet energy value and the preset τ that obtain
L-1Relatively, if greater than then getting in the set good formation of step S320; If, can not get in the formation the deletion of the positional value of (the L)-1 wavelet energy value of correspondence less than then, therefore the position data of corresponding needs collection will gradually reduce, and reduces the collection capacity of data.And the value that threshold value at different levels is got is different, but the threshold value of all following next stage is 40% ~ 90% of a upper level threshold value.
After step S380, also comprise a step S410: judge whether formation is empty, is, then puts L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, not, then returns step S360.Particularly, judge that whether formation is empty, promptly judging whether has needed data predicted in addition, if do not have, explains that all should data predicted accomplish collection, thus put L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, for image reconstruction is prepared.If also have the data of positional value in the formation; Then return step 360, predict according to the positional value in the formation, corresponding place progression is from reducing to next progression; K, the 2k and the 2k+1 that predict the next stage that belongs to progression that the m positional value is corresponding, the position of 2m and 2m+1.
In another embodiment,, consult accompanying drawing 5, be described in detail in conjunction with concrete embodiment based on the concrete grammar of above-mentioned three-dimensional imaging:
The data field that needs collection is provided, is divided into 3 grades as required.Following to the acquisition mode of data particularly:
At accompanying drawing is 1,2,3 and 4 position, promptly accompanying drawing be 1 position (1,3, k, m) the prediction accompanying drawing is 2 position, for (2,2,2k, 2m), (2,2,2k+1,2m), (2,2,2k, 2m+1) with (2,3,2k+1,2m+1).The prediction accompanying drawing is 3 position, for (3,2,2k, 2m), (3,2,2k+1,2m), (3,2,2k, 2m+1) with (3,3,2k+1,2m+1).The prediction accompanying drawing is 4 position, for (4,2,2k, 2m), (4,2,2k+1,2m), (4,2,2k, 2m+1) with (4,3,2k+1,2m+1).
The same method that adopts above-mentioned three-dimensional imaging is predicted the positional value of the image of needs collection, and the corresponding corresponding energy value of collection, yardstick energy value and wavelet energy value that arrangement is gathered, image reconstruction and generate 3-D view then.
Adopt above-mentioned method, can reduce the collection capacity of data, be reduced to the time of picture, reach the purpose of fast imaging through forecast method.
The above embodiment has only expressed several kinds of embodiments of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with accompanying claims.
Claims (9)
1. a MR imaging method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S10: L level emission yardstick excitation waveform and the small echo excitation waveform confirmed according to required image resolution;
S20: gather L level scale coefficient and calculate L level yardstick energy value according to said yardstick excitation waveform, gather L level wavelet coefficient and calculate L level wavelet energy value according to said small echo excitation waveform;
S30: whether judge said L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, be then to predict the collection position value of L-1 level wavelet energy value and launch the small echo excitation waveform, and gather L-1 level wavelet energy value according to the positional value of L level wavelet energy value;
S40: carry out image reconstruction according to L level yardstick energy value and wavelet energy value at different levels, and generate image.
2. MR imaging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, 2M yardstick excitation waveform of emission and small echo excitation waveform on said L level, the collection number when said M is phase encoding.
3. MR imaging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step S30 comprises:
S310: produce formation;
S330: whether judge said L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, said L level threshold value is E
L, be, then the positional value of L level wavelet energy value gets into formation, said positional value file layout be (m, Lth), m representes the position, Lth representes to belong to progression;
S350: according to the positional value of said formation (m, Lth) according to 2m, and (L-1) th} with 2m+1, (L-1) mode of th} is predicted the positional value of two wavelet energy values on the L-1 level;
S370: { 2m, (L-1) th} is with { 2m+1, (L-1) the positional value place of th} emission small echo excitation waveform and obtain L-1 level wavelet energy value judges that whether said L-1 wavelet energy value is greater than L-1 level threshold value E said
L-1, be that the positional value of then said L-1 wavelet energy value gets into said formation, not, then is worth from said formation delete position.
4. MR imaging method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said E
L-1=(40% ~ 90%) E
L
5. MR imaging method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, comprises after the step S370:
S390: judge whether formation is empty, is, then puts L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, not, then returns step S350.
6. MR imaging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said small echo excitation waveform is the 2-d wavelet excitation waveform, and the number of said 2-d wavelet excitation waveform is 2
-2LN, the collection number when N representes phase encoding.
7. MR imaging method according to claim 6 is characterized in that step S30 comprises:
S320: produce formation;
S340: whether judge said L level wavelet energy value greater than preset L level threshold value, said L level threshold value is τ
L, be, then the positional value of L level wavelet energy value gets into formation, said positional value file layout be (i, L, k, m), i is 1,2,3 and 4, k and m represent the position value;
S360: according to the positional value of said formation (i, L, k, m) according to (i, L-1,2k, 2m), (i, L-1,2k, 2m+1), (i, L-1,2k+1,2m) with (i, L-1,2k+1, mode 2m+1) is predicted four collection position values in L-1 level wavelet energy value;
S380: said (i, L-1,2k, 2m), (i, L-1; 2k, 2m+1), (i, L-1,2k+1,2m) with (i; L-1,2k+1, positional value place emission small echo excitation waveform 2m+1) also obtains L-1 level wavelet energy value, judges that whether said L-1 wavelet energy value is greater than L-1 level threshold value τ
L-1, be, then get into said formation, not, then be worth from said formation delete position.
8. MR imaging method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said τ
L-1=(40% ~ 90%) τ
L
9. MR imaging method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, comprises step 410 after the step S380:
Judge whether formation is empty, is, then puts L level yardstick energy value and the wavelet energy value of obtaining at different levels in order, not, then returns step S360.
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