CN102127656A - Method for decomposing vanadium slag by liquid phase oxidation - Google Patents
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- CN102127656A CN102127656A CN2010100340895A CN201010034089A CN102127656A CN 102127656 A CN102127656 A CN 102127656A CN 2010100340895 A CN2010100340895 A CN 2010100340895A CN 201010034089 A CN201010034089 A CN 201010034089A CN 102127656 A CN102127656 A CN 102127656A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for decomposing vanadium slag by liquid phase oxidation. The method comprises the following steps of: weighing materials according to a mass ratio of NaOH to NaNO3 of 0.2:1-4:1 and the mass ratio of the total amount of the NaOH and the NaNO3 to the vanadium slag of 2.5:1-6:1; placing the weighed NaOH and NaNO3 into a normal-pressure reaction kettle; heating to the temperature of between 330 and 480 DEG C; adding the weighed vanadium slag into NaOH-NaNO3 molten salt; introducing oxidizing gas; performing liquid phase oxidation reaction at the temperature of between 330 and 480 DEG C for 0.5 to 6 hours to obtain reaction slurry; diluting the reaction slurry with a diluting agent until the sodium hydroxide concentration of feed liquid is between 100 and 500g/L to obtain mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium vanadate, sodium chromate and tailings; and performing filtering separation to obtain the tailings and aqueous solution containing vanadium and chromium. The method has a low reaction temperature, high safety and high utilization rate of vanadium and chromium resources, is operated under normal pressure and is easy to industrially implement, and the vanadium and the chromium in the vanadium slag are extracted together; and the decomposed tailings comprise 0.5 to 1 weight percent of vanadium (based on V2O5) and 0.5 to 1 weight percent of chromium (based on Cr2O3).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of Leaching of Vanadium from Vanadium slag, the method for particularly a kind of liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag simultaneous extraction vanadium, chromium.
Background technology
Vanadium is a kind of important strategic metal, in metallurgy, space flight and chemical industry department extensive use is arranged.Vanadium slag by vanadium titano-magnetite production in the Iron And Steel Industry is the main raw material of vanadium extraction.Vanadium titano-magnetite is in blast furnace or directly reduce the pig iron containing vanadium that flow process produces, and blows in the vanadium process at molten iron oxidation, enters slag after making the vanadium oxidation, obtains the higher vanadium slag of vanadiumcontent.Generally contain chromium in the vanadium titano-magnetite, blow in the vanadium process in converter, because of vanadium, chromium character are close, chromium enters the slag phase with vanadium oxidation in the lump.
Vanadium slag sodium roasting vanadium-extracting technology is the Leaching of Vanadium from Vanadium slag traditional technology, its ultimate principle is to be additive (Chinese patent CN101215005A with salt or soda, CN1884597A, CN86108218A), by high temperature sodiumizing-oxidizing roasting (750-850 ℃), with vanadium slag at a middle or low price the vanadium of attitude be converted into the sodium salt of water-soluble pentavalent vanadium, again to the direct water logging of sodium roasting product, obtain containing the leaching liquid of vanadium, after ammonium salt precipitation and reducing roasting, obtain the oxide product of vanadium.The main deficiency of this technology is: (1) can produce deleterious HCl, Cl if adopt salt as additive in high temperature sodium roasting process
2Deng aggressive gas, contaminate environment; (2) vanadium recovery is low, and the rate of recovery of vanadium only is 80% after roasting repeatedly; (3) chromium of association can not be recycled in the vanadium slag, and tailings in vanadium extraction causes environmental pollution serious because of containing chromium simultaneously; (4) maturing temperature height (750-850 ℃), and need repeatedly roasting, energy consumption is higher.
The calcification vanadium slag sintering technology (CN101161831A) of report is calcium cpd to be added to as flux make ball, high-temperature roasting (600-950 ℃) in the vanadium slag recently, make the vanadium oxidation generate the calcium salt of water-fast vanadium, with acid its leaching is entered leach liquor again, and then produce vanadium product such as barium oxide.This method can not produce HCl, Cl
2Deng obnoxious flavour, the leached mud after the roasting does not contain sodium salt, helps comprehensive utilization.But the calcification baking process for extracting vanadium has certain selectivity to calcining matter, the rate of recovery less than 80% of vanadium, and high-temperature roasting, energy consumption is higher, and the chromium resource of association in the vanadium slag still can not utilize synchronously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome that the vanadium recovery that exists in the existing vanadium slag sodium roasting vanadium-extracting production method is low, the chromium of association can not be recycled simultaneously in the vanadium slag, and chlorine-containing gas exhaust emission environment is arranged in process of production, and maturing temperature is high and the high deficiency of energy consumption, thereby provide a kind of under relative low temperature condition, adopt the method for liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag, for realizing that subsequent technique simultaneous extraction vanadium, chromium from vanadium slag provide condition, this method is operated under normal pressure, and security is good, reaches efficient, the clean utilization of vanadium slag resource.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The method of liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
1) at first prepares reaction mass: take by weighing vanadium slag, NaOH, NaNO
3, wherein, NaOH and NaNO
3Mass ratio is 0.2: 1-4: 1, and NaOH and NaNO
3The mass ratio of total amount and vanadium slag is 2.5: 1-6: 1;
2) liquid phase oxidation reaction: NaOH and NaNO that step 1) is weighed up
3Place normal-pressure reaction kettle, be warming up to 330-480 ℃ and generate NaOH-NaNO
3Fused salt joins NaOH-NaNO to the vanadium slag that weighs up again
3In the fused salt, feed oxidizing gas then, under 330-480 ℃, carry out liquid phase oxidation reaction, react and obtain reaction paste after 0.5-6 hour; Wherein, the low price vanadium in the vanadium slag is oxidized to the pentavalent vanadium, generates vanadic acid sodium, and trivalent chromium is oxidized to sexavalent chrome simultaneously, generates Sodium chromate;
3) reaction paste dilution: the reaction paste that generates in the step 3) is diluted with thinner, and being diluted to the feed liquid naoh concentration is 100-500g/L, obtains containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, SODIUMNITRATE, vanadic acid sodium, Sodium chromate and tailings;
4) filtering separation: the mixed slurry that step 3) is obtained carries out filtering separation at 80-130 ℃, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, chromium.
In technique scheme, described vanadium slag for by vanadium titano-magnetite through blast furnace or reduce directly that flow process produces contain vanadium (chromium) pig iron (water), under hot conditions, be that oxidizing medium adopts shaking ladle vanadium extraction, hot metal ladle vanadium extraction, and the vanadium slag that forms of production process such as various top blast combined blown converter vanadium extraction again with oxygen or air.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, described thinner is sodium hydroxide solution or the water of 0-400g/L.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, in step 2) described in oxidizing gas be that air, oxygen or air, oxygen are with any volume ratio blended mixed gas.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, in step 2) described in the flow control of oxidizing gas at 0.2-1L/min.
Method of the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1. the present invention is at NaOH-NaNO
3Adopt the method for liquid phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag in the molten salt system, its temperature of reaction is 330-480 ℃, the temperature of using than traditional sodium sinter process reduces more than 300 ℃, compares with the calcification vanadium slag sintering technology (CN101161831A) of nearest report, and temperature of reaction reduces 220-500 ℃; Therefore saved energy consumption widely;
2. method of the present invention is to vanadium chromium resource utilization ratio height, and vanadium slag is after liquid-phase oxidation is decomposed, and content of vanadium is that 0.5-1wt% is (with V in the tailings
2O
5Meter), chromium content is that 0.5-1wt% is (with Cr in the tailings
2O
3Meter);
3. method of the present invention can not produce deleterious dust of human and environment and waste gas in liquid-phase oxidation process, is a kind of method of very environmental protection therefore;
4. method of the present invention is operated under normal pressure, is easy to industrial implementation, and security is good;
5. the used NaNO of method of the present invention
3Medium also is an inhibiter simultaneously, both economizes in raw materials, and can significantly reduce the corrodibility of NaOH medium to equipment again, has improved industrial operability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag method of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail
Embodiment 1:
The vanadium slag that uses in the present embodiment be by vanadium titano-magnetite through blast furnace process production contain vanadium (chromium) pig iron (water), under hot conditions, be the vanadium slag that oxidizing medium adopts shaking ladle vanadium extraction process to form again with the air.
1) at first prepares reaction mass: according to NaOH and NaNO
3Mass ratio is 0.2: 1, NaOH and NaNO
3The mass ratio of total amount and vanadium slag is weighing in 6: 1; Take by weighing 50g and hold steel vanadium slag (V in the vanadium slag less than 200 purposes
2O
5Content is 10.22wt%, Cr
2O
3Content is 3.98wt%), 50g NaOH and 250g NaNO
3
2) liquid phase oxidation reaction: NaOH and NaNO that step 1) is prepared
3Place normal-pressure reaction kettle, set 420 ℃ of temperature of reaction, begin to heat up; Rise to 420 ℃, vanadium slag is joined NaOH-NaNO
3In the fused salt, bubbling air, air flow control was being reacted 6 hours under the mixing condition fully at 1L/min.
3) reaction paste dilution: use the sodium hydroxide solution of 400g/L to dilute the reaction paste that obtains in the step 3), be diluted to the feed liquid naoh concentration and be about 250g/L, obtain containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, SODIUMNITRATE, vanadic acid sodium, Sodium chromate and tailings;
4) filtering separation: the mixed slurry that step 3) is obtained carries out filtering separation at 100 ℃, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, chromium.It is that 0.67wt% is (with V that tailings thorough washing, dry back mensuration are wherein contained total vanadium
2O
5Meter), total chromium is that 0.69wt% is (with Cr
2O
3Meter).
Embodiment 2
The vanadium slag that uses in the present embodiment is to contain vanadium (chromium) pig iron (water) by vanadium titano-magnetite through what direct reduction flow process was produced, is the vanadium slag that oxidizing medium adopts hot metal ladle vanadium extraction process to form with oxygen under hot conditions again.
1) at first prepares reaction mass: take by weighing 100g and hold steel vanadium slag (V in the vanadium slag
2O
5Content is 7.3wt%, Cr
2O
3Content is 3.6wt%), 400g NaOH and 100g NaNO
3, NaOH and NaNO
3Mass ratio is 4: 1, NaOH and NaNO
3The mass ratio of total amount and vanadium slag is 5: 1;
2) liquid phase oxidation reaction: NaOH and NaNO that step 1) is prepared
3Place normal-pressure reaction kettle, set 330 ℃ of temperature of reaction, begin to heat up; Rise to 330 ℃, vanadium slag is joined NaOH-NaNO
3In the fused salt, aerating oxygen, oxygen flow is controlled at 0.2L/min, is reacting 0.5 hour under the mixing condition fully.
3) reaction paste dilution: with the reaction paste dilute with water that obtains in the step 3), be diluted to the feed liquid naoh concentration and be about 100g/L, obtain containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, SODIUMNITRATE, vanadic acid sodium, Sodium chromate and tailings;
4) filtering separation: the mixed slurry that step 3) is obtained carries out filtering separation at 80 ℃, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, chromium.It is that 0.69wt% is (with V that tailings thorough washing, dry back mensuration are wherein contained total vanadium
2O
5Meter), total chromium is that 0.91wt% is (with Cr
2O
3Meter).
Embodiment 3
The vanadium slag that uses in the present embodiment be by vanadium titano-magnetite through blast furnace process production contain vanadium (chromium) pig iron (water), under hot conditions, be the vanadium slag that oxidizing medium adopts top blast combined blown converter vanadium extraction process to form again with the air.
1) at first prepares reaction mass: take by weighing 200g and hold steel vanadium slag (V in the vanadium slag less than 200 purposes
2O
5Content is 10.22wt%, Cr
2O
3Content is 3.98wt%), 400g NaOH and 100g NaNO
3, NaOH and NaNO
3Mass ratio is 4: 1, NaOH and NaNO
3The mass ratio of total amount and vanadium slag is 2.5: 1;
2) liquid phase oxidation reaction: NaOH and NaNO that step 1) is prepared
3Place normal-pressure reaction kettle, set 480 ℃ of temperature of reaction, begin to heat up; Rise to 480 ℃, vanadium slag is joined NaOH-NaNO
3In the fused salt, the mixed gas of bubbling air and oxygen, air: the oxygen volume ratio is 1: 4, and gas flow is controlled at 0.5L/min, is reacting 3 hours under the mixing condition fully.
3) reaction paste dilution: use the sodium hydroxide solution of 400g/L to dilute the reaction paste that obtains in the step 3), be diluted to the feed liquid naoh concentration and be about 500g/L, obtain containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, SODIUMNITRATE, vanadic acid sodium, Sodium chromate and tailings;
4) filtering separation: the mixed slurry that step 3) is obtained carries out filtering separation at 120 ℃, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, chromium.It is that 0.57wt% is (with V that tailings thorough washing, dry back mensuration are wherein contained total vanadium
2O
5Meter), total chromium is that 0.72wt% is (with Cr
2O
3Meter).
Embodiment 4
The vanadium slag that uses in the present embodiment is to contain vanadium (chromium) pig iron (water) by vanadium titano-magnetite through what direct reduction flow process was produced, is the vanadium slag that oxidizing medium adopts hot metal ladle vanadium extraction process to form with the air under hot conditions again.
1) at first prepares reaction mass: take by weighing 400g and hold steel vanadium slag (V in the vanadium slag less than 200 purposes
2O
5Content is 10.22wt%, Cr
2O
3Content is 3.98wt%), 800g NaOH and 800g NaNO
3, NaOH and NaNO
3Mass ratio is 1: 1, NaOH and NaNO
3The mass ratio of total amount and vanadium slag is 4: 1;
2) liquid phase oxidation reaction: NaOH and NaNO that step 1) is prepared
3Place normal-pressure reaction kettle, set 375 ℃ of temperature of reaction, begin to heat up; Rise to 375 ℃, vanadium slag is joined NaOH-NaNO
3In the fused salt, the mixed gas of bubbling air and oxygen, air: the oxygen volume ratio is 4: 1, and gas flow is controlled at 0.5L/min, is reacting 4 hours under the mixing condition fully.
3) reaction paste dilution: with the reaction paste dilute with water that obtains in the step 3), be diluted to the feed liquid naoh concentration and be about 200g/L, obtain containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, SODIUMNITRATE, vanadic acid sodium, Sodium chromate and tailings;
4) filtering separation: the mixed slurry that step 3) is obtained carries out filtering separation at 80 ℃, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, chromium.It is that 0.54wt% is (with V that tailings thorough washing, dry back mensuration are wherein contained total vanadium
2O
5Meter), total chromium is that 0.55wt% is (with Cr
2O
3Meter).
Embodiment 5
The vanadium slag that uses in the present embodiment be by vanadium titano-magnetite through blast furnace process production contain vanadium (chromium) pig iron (water), under hot conditions, be the vanadium slag that oxidizing medium adopts shaking ladle vanadium extraction process to form again with the air.
1) at first prepares reaction mass: take by weighing 500g and hold steel vanadium slag (V in the vanadium slag
2O
5Content is 7.3wt%, Cr
2O
3Content is 3.6wt%), 1000g NaOH and 1000g NaNO
3, NaOH and NaNO
3Mass ratio is 1: 1, NaOH and NaNO
3The mass ratio of total amount and vanadium slag is 4: 1;
2) liquid phase oxidation reaction: NaOH and NaNO that step 1) is prepared
3Place normal-pressure reaction kettle, set 400 ℃ of temperature of reaction, begin to heat up; Rise to 400 ℃, vanadium slag is joined NaOH-NaNO
3In the fused salt, the mixed gas of bubbling air and oxygen, air: the oxygen volume ratio is 1: 1, and gas flow is controlled at 0.5L/min, is reacting 1 hour under the mixing condition fully.
3) reaction paste dilution: use the sodium hydroxide solution of 150g/L to dilute the reaction paste that obtains in the step 3), be diluted to the feed liquid naoh concentration and be about 300g/L, obtain containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, SODIUMNITRATE, vanadic acid sodium, Sodium chromate and tailings;
4) filtering separation: the mixed slurry that step 3) is obtained carries out filtering separation at 110 ℃, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, chromium.It is that 0.49wt% is (with V that tailings thorough washing, dry back mensuration are wherein contained total vanadium
2O
5Meter), total chromium is that 0.51wt% is (with Cr
2O
3Meter).
In the above-described embodiments, in the step 3) mixed slurry that obtains being carried out filtering separation at 80-130 ℃ is common process, is that those skilled in the art can be implemented.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and modification according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the method for a liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag may further comprise the steps:
1) at first prepares reaction mass: take by weighing vanadium slag, NaOH, NaNO
3, wherein, NaOH and NaNO
3Mass ratio is 0.2: 1-4: 1, and NaOH and NaNO
3The mass ratio of total amount and vanadium slag is 2.5: 1-6: 1;
2) liquid phase oxidation reaction: NaOH and NaNO that step 1) is weighed up
3Place normal-pressure reaction kettle, be warming up to 330-480 ℃, again the vanadium slag that weighs up is joined NaOH-NaNO
3In the fused salt, feed oxidizing gas then, under 330-480 ℃, carry out liquid phase oxidation reaction, react and obtain reaction paste after 0.5-6 hour; Wherein, the low price vanadium in the vanadium slag is oxidized to the pentavalent vanadium, generates vanadic acid sodium, and trivalent chromium is oxidized to sexavalent chrome simultaneously, generates Sodium chromate;
3) reaction paste that generates reaction paste dilution: with step 2) dilutes with thinner, and being diluted to the feed liquid naoh concentration is 100-500g/L, obtains containing the mixed slurry of sodium hydroxide, SODIUMNITRATE, vanadic acid sodium, Sodium chromate and tailings;
4) filtering separation: the mixed slurry that step 3) is obtained carries out filtering separation at 80 ℃-130 ℃, obtains the tailings and the aqueous solution that contains vanadium, chromium.
2. press the method for the described liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vanadium slag for by vanadium titano-magnetite through blast furnace or reduce directly that flow process produces contain vanadium and chromium pig iron water, under hot conditions, be oxidizing medium again with oxygen or air, the vanadium slag that adopts the production process of shaking ladle vanadium extraction, hot metal ladle vanadium extraction and the vanadium extraction of various top blast combined blown converter to form.
3. by the method for the described liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag of claim 1, it is characterized in that described thinner is sodium hydroxide solution or the water of 0-400g/L.
4. by the method for the described liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 2) described in oxidizing gas be the mixed gas of air, oxygen or air, oxygen arbitrary volume ratio.
5. by the method for the described liquid-phase oxidation decomposing vanadium slag of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 2) described in the flow control of oxidizing gas at 0.2-1L/min.
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Cited By (10)
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CN102586612A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Method for recovering vanadium and chromium from vanadium and chromium-containing slag |
CN102732727A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-17 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Method for extracting vanadium from high vanadium-sodium-aluminum-silicon slag |
CN103572063A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for cleanly and efficiently recovering vanadium from vanadium slag by employing sodium-free roasting |
CN103962229A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-06 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Method for recleaning of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrates through calcination, alkaline leaching, classification and combination of magnetic separation and gravity concentration |
CN103962219A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-06 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate recleaning method realized through alkaline leaching, classification and combined magnetic-gravity separation |
CN105420519A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 中南大学 | Method for extracting vanadium and chromium from materials containing vanadium or/and chromium |
CN108048668A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-05-18 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that chromium and vanadium are recycled in slag containing chrome alum |
CN108285985A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-17 | 东北大学 | A kind of extracting method of Vanadium in Vanadium Residue chromium |
CN108342578A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-31 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of iron vanadium-titanium-chromium multi-metal metallurgy smelting materials separation and Extraction valuable metal |
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CN102586612A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Method for recovering vanadium and chromium from vanadium and chromium-containing slag |
CN102732727A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-17 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Method for extracting vanadium from high vanadium-sodium-aluminum-silicon slag |
CN102732727B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2014-01-22 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Method for extracting vanadium from high vanadium-sodium-aluminum-silicon slag |
CN103572063B (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of vanadium slag reclaims the method for vanadium without sodium roasting clean and effective |
CN103572063A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for cleanly and efficiently recovering vanadium from vanadium slag by employing sodium-free roasting |
CN103962229A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-06 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Method for recleaning of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrates through calcination, alkaline leaching, classification and combination of magnetic separation and gravity concentration |
CN103962219A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-06 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate recleaning method realized through alkaline leaching, classification and combined magnetic-gravity separation |
CN103962229B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2016-05-04 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Utilize calcining, alkali soaks, classification and magnetic reconnection close and select v-ti magnetite concentrate method again |
CN105420519A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 中南大学 | Method for extracting vanadium and chromium from materials containing vanadium or/and chromium |
CN108048668A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-05-18 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that chromium and vanadium are recycled in slag containing chrome alum |
CN108285985A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-17 | 东北大学 | A kind of extracting method of Vanadium in Vanadium Residue chromium |
CN108342578A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-31 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of iron vanadium-titanium-chromium multi-metal metallurgy smelting materials separation and Extraction valuable metal |
CN108342578B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2019-10-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of iron vanadium-titanium-chromium multi-metal metallurgy smelting materials separation and Extraction valuable metal |
CN111663054A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for cooperatively controlling sodium content in tailings by extracting vanadium from vanadium slag |
CN111663054B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-31 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for cooperatively controlling sodium content in tailings by extracting vanadium from vanadium slag |
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