CN102123958A - Apparatus and method for treating waste - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for treating waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102123958A CN102123958A CN2008801154480A CN200880115448A CN102123958A CN 102123958 A CN102123958 A CN 102123958A CN 2008801154480 A CN2008801154480 A CN 2008801154480A CN 200880115448 A CN200880115448 A CN 200880115448A CN 102123958 A CN102123958 A CN 102123958A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mud
- pump
- primary
- path
- reaction chamber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
- C02F11/185—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning by pasteurisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Abstract
The invention provides an apparatus (10) for treating a sludge (14) of biological solids, the apparatus comprising: a primary sludge flow path (21); a mixer (12) for mixing the sludge with an oxide containing chemical (18); a primary pump (24) for driving the sludge along the primary sludge flow path (21); a primary reaction chamber (22) in the primary sludge flow path (21) downstream of the mixer (12) for reacting the mixture and enabling the temperature thereof to be elevated; a recycle flow path (29) divergent from the primary flow path (21) downstream of the primary reaction chamber (22) for diverting a proportion of the sludge from the primary flow path (21) back to the mixer (12); and a secondary pump (27) downstream of the divergence for controlling the proportion of treated sludge to be recycled and the proportion of treated sludge to be discharged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method that is used to handle waste.More particularly, the application relates to a kind of device and method that is used to handle bio-waste mud, by oxidiferous chemical being mixed with sterilization with mud and/or purifies mud, and then, the mud that cyclic part was handled is with efficient and the effect that improves this method.
Background technology
The standard about germ (for example, colibacillus of excrement) and volatile solids quantity has been set in the sewage sludge composition of handling in the legislation of Europe, the U.S. and elsewhere.If do not reach these standards, the method that can handle these sewage sludges so will be very complicated, and expensive.
In the U.S., these standards are arranged in the 32nd and 33 chapters in 503 parts of the 40th of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) federal regulations allusion quotation (CFR).In Europe, the character of this product is by European directive 86/278 management.The mud of processing that meets these rules is considered to the product of A level/high-quality (EQ).
Processing (for example, by paving in farming land) in order to simplify mud need reach these standards by using suitable treatment process.What also need simultaneously is that this method is efficient as far as possible and cheap aspect capital outlay demand and going concern expense.
Known from U.S. Pat 5868942, with biological mud and calcium oxide (CaO, unslaked lime), ammonia and carbon dioxide mix temperature (because the chemical reaction between mud and the calcium oxide), and pressurize to mud to improve this mud.In reaction chamber, after the suitable residence time of process, just can obtain to meet the mud of aforesaid standards under these conditions.
After above-mentioned patent is submitted to, have realized that the mud that can handle by cyclic part is to optimize above-mentioned method.This can be used to limit the valve or the fixed orifice plate of ejecta pipeline by use, realizes to shift the effluent that partly is derived from reaction chamber.But the applicant recognizes the process for treating sludge that uses orifice plate that optimization still can not be provided, because under the situation of not stopping up the risk appearance, the actual maximum of the value with circulation ratio untreated mud that handled can only reach 0.3-0.8: 1.
The present invention attempts to overcome or alleviates prior art problems at least.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, one aspect of the present invention provides the device that is used for handling biosolids mud, and this device comprises:
The primary sludge flowing-path;
Mixing tank is used to mix mud and oxidiferous chemical;
Backing pump is used to order about mud along the primary sludge flow path;
Be positioned at the primary reaction chamber of mixing tank downstream, primary sludge flowing-path, be used to make mixture reaction, and mixture temperature is raise;
From the path that circulates of the elementary mobile path branches in primary reaction chamber downstream, be used to make the mud of elementary flowing-path partly to shift and get back to mixing tank; With
Be positioned at the two stage pump in branch downstream, be used to control the mud part of the processing that will be recycled and the mud part of the processing that will be discharged.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method of handling biosolids mud, and it may further comprise the steps:
A) mix mud and oxidiferous chemical;
B) under pressure, supply with mud, make it pass through primary reaction chamber, chemical reaction takes place thus, improve the mud temperature;
C) mud handled of cyclic part is got back to mixing step; With
D) mud handled of discharge unit,
The ratio of mud that wherein is recycled and the mud of introducing in step a) and oxidiferous chemical was greater than 1: 1.
Description of drawings
Now will be only by the mode of example, by describing embodiment of the present invention with reference to the following drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram according to the treatment unit of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the graphic representation that concerns between circulation ratio and the residue unslaked lime content in the explanation device;
Fig. 3 is the graphic representation of explanation circulation ratio to temperature effect; With
When Fig. 4 was the specific residence time of explanation under requiring specified temp, circulation ratio was to the graphic representation of Temperature Influence.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1, comprise feed hopper 12 according to device 10 of the present invention, mud 14 is introduced into wherein by transport unit 16.Mud 14 preferably is dewatered to finite concentration, and its water content can be between 2% and 99%, and more typical is 50% to 93%.Dehydration can realize by using centrifugal (not shown) or any other suitable currently known methods.Mud can be the wastewater sludge that produces from the waste water treatment plant, for example remaining activated sludge (SAS) (being called as useless activated sludge sometimes in the U.S.), municipal administration (elementary) mud, agricultural wastes, biological industry waste or analogue.
Calcium oxide 18 (CaO, unslaked lime) also is incorporated into hopper 12 from bin stock buttress 20.The ratio of unslaked lime 18 and mud 14 is by promoting the amount that the mud temperature reaches preset temp to 50 ℃-120 ℃, preferred 68 ℃ of-70 ℃ of required unslaked limes and determine for obtaining A level mud.Yet, if desired be the mud of B level (for example, low sterilization level) standard, the temperature that surpasses 25 ℃ is just enough.Usually unslaked lime 18 comprises the energy of about 1140kJ/kg, and the specific heat capacity of solid and liquid is respectively about 1.26Jg/K and 4.19J/g/K in the mud.Therefore, reaching the amount that needs the required unslaked lime of temperature 18 is (also the considering the factor by the calorific loss of reaction chamber wall) that can estimate.Like this, for typical dehydrated mud, the unslaked lime 18 that 100kg mud 14 temperature is improved 10 ℃ of needs approximately is 22kg.
The reaction of surplus water is typical single order chemical reaction in unslaked lime 18 and the dewatered sludge 14, and it can be following statement: C
a=C
Aoe
(-kt)
Here C
aBe the content of unreacted unslaked lime, C
AoBe the dosage of original unslaked lime, k is a reactivity coefficient, and t is the time.
This equation can be used to estimate the content that changes unreacted unslaked lime 18 in the mud after unslaked lime and mud mix together in time.Real reaction speed is along with mud type, used unslaked lime 18 types and blending means and change slightly.But it provides useful explanation.
For guaranteeing the mixed effect of mud 14 and unslaked lime 18, and further guarantee the correct reaction pressure and the residence time, backing pump 24 is used to add unslaked lime 18 and mud 14 simultaneously along the elementary flowing-path 21 of sealing (enclosed) in primary reaction chamber 22, and cause mud and unslaked lime to mix, thereby these two kinds of materials are reacted.
Pump 24 preferable volume formula pumps, more preferably progressively motion mixer instance such as screw type pump, progressive cavity pump or reciprocation pump, its hybrid packet material with which, and the condition of piston-type stream is provided in the primary reactor 22 in backing pump downstream.
Reaction causes the temperature of mud to bring up to 50 ℃-80 ℃ (for will obtaining mud that the A level handled), and the pH value is brought up to 11-12.In primary reaction chamber 22, mud is pressurized to above 100kPa, is typically between 200 to 500kPa.Because reaction chamber pressurize, so the heat of all chemical reactions generations all is used to promote the temperature (not having heat to lose) of sludge mixture in evaporation substantially.This has increased the thermo-efficiency of this method, and a small amount of unslaked lime 18 demands that cause comparing with other methods of moving under normal pressure.
In the pH value is 10.5 o'clock, and under the above-mentioned intensification of mentioning, the ammonia that before had been included in the mud 14 discharges from mud, further improves the pH value to about 13.3.High like this pH value and the temperature acting in conjunction that raises are with further enhancing sterilization.
Primary reaction chamber 22 is designed to have rational size, to guarantee to obtain therein the pipe of short residence time(SRT), realizes that thus the germ that needs removes.In order to make further minimum heat losses and further to maximize reaction efficiency, primary reaction chamber 22 also is heat insulation greatly.
In primary reaction chamber 22 downstreams, the mud flow of handling is divided into two portions.The mud 25 that a part was handled is discharged along elementary flowing-path 21 and enters bunker for collecting 26, or vehicle loading zone (not shown), further to handle.Rest parts is transferred along the path 29 that circulates of sealing.
The amount of the mud 25 of the processing of discharging is controlled by two stage pump 28, and any material that is not discharged is by circulating path 29 circulations and depositing back in the material hopper 12.
Two stage pump 28 also is a preferable volume formula pump, such as for example screw type pump, progressive cavity pump or reciprocation pump.
Be appreciated that, than backing pump 24, the throughput of two stage pump 28 has determined mud and unslaked lime 18 to pass through the throughput of primary reaction chamber 22, and placement enters the part of handling mud 25 of discharging hopper 26 and the ratio of the part that is circulated back to feed hopper 12.The feeding rate of untreated mud 14 and unslaked lime 18 and handled the circulation ratio that ratio that mud 25 enters the speed of feed hopper 12 has determined present method.
In preferred embodiments, for this device provides suitable Controlling System, be used to guarantee elementary and true(-)running ratio two stage pump 24,28, the feeding rate of the unslaked lime that from bin stock buttress 20, comes, feeding rate with untreated mud, it makes the mud of handling meet required standard, has guaranteed the economy of method operation simultaneously.Temp probe (not shown) and/or pump speed data can be used for the use of this purpose.
As mentioned above, known method does not adopt any circulation, or owing to by only shifting the caused obstruction risk of part exhaust fluid with the orifice plate of prior art or valve, recycle ratio is restricted to less than about 0.8: 1.The applicant has realized that owing to improve circulation ratio to 1: 1 or higher (promptly 1 part of round-robin has been handled mud and will be introduced in primary reaction chamber 22 interior be untreated mud and unslaked lime than 1 part), it causes significantly improving of producing aspect efficient, the two stage pump 28 that can be by using Control Circulation and the cooperation of backing pump 24 realize.Advantageously, use pump to overcome the risk of stopping up.In addition, it makes circulation ratio " (on the fly) in real time " to regulate.
In test work, find, circulation ratio was above 1: 1, preferred 1.5-4: 1, more preferably 2-3: 1 represented present method efficient improve (and the unslaked lime demand is minimized) relatively running cost increase best balance between (being transmitted the increase that causes by pump) to energy requirement mainly due to relatively large material.Find too that in most of the cases the residence time is preferably in 30-90 minute scope.
The efficient that the specific operating parameter of illustrating the embodiment as can be seen from Fig. 2 and 3 of use produces improves.Fig. 2 shows by in 60 minute residence time of primary reaction chamber internal fixing, the increase internal circulating load has reduced the amount at the unreacted unslaked lime 18 of reaction chamber end outlet, the service efficiency of the unslaked lime of make introducing like this is higher, and makes the amount minimizing that reaches the required unslaked lime of the temperature of reaction that needs and pH value.
Fig. 3 has shown that the raising circulation ratio is to the mud Temperature Influence along primary reaction chamber 22 length direction different positionss.Because round-robin mud is compared with the terminal untreated mud 16 of reaction chamber import higher temperature is arranged, improve along reaction chamber length direction temperature, therefore, the partial reaction bigger along primary reaction chamber more effectively takes place.And then when the minimum mud temperature of rules and regulations need continue shortest time during section, the increase of temperature is especially favourable.Rules of Zhi Dinging like this, the U.S. EPA rules and regulations relevant example.
When the mud of having handled 25 was discharged from primary sludge path 21, pressure had just discharged, and steam, ammonia, amine and volatile solids have also evaporated in addition.
Cause the pH value to be reduced to about 11-12 from the loss of handling mud 25 these steam, and dried solid ratio increase.By it and vitriol or arbitrary pH value are lower than 5 suitable material (comprising organic substance) mixing, this pH value can further reduce.The ammonia that loses from the mud of handling has reduced its nitrogen content, and therefore, the mud that allows to handle is used in the field with higher ratio.
In some embodiments, may need to improve " operability " and " stackable property " of the mud of handling.In these embodiments, the material that coagulates hard type of relatively small amount also can add to before processing in the mud, to improve its final quality.It is suitable that to coagulate hard class material be flying dust for example.
The mud of handling is therefore highly stable, stink is low and germ is low, does not therefore need the storage of bin stock buttress.This assembly that can realize for this device was said originally and had been produced extra saving.
To use specific example to illustrate the present invention now.
It 30 minutes was for satisfying the U.S. EPA rules so that A level/high-quality biological solid 503 parts of (1994 U.S. EPA federal regulations allusion quotation (CFR) the 40th) certain criteria to be provided that mud is kept at 70 ℃.Shown the speed of mud under different circulation ratios (15% dried solid) and unslaked lime 18 in the table 1, shown temperature among Fig. 4 along reaction chamber.These charts have clearly illustrated and have reached the minimizing that this requires required unslaked lime.Amount by the required unslaked lime that circulates reduces by half.And, also consistent more along the temperature graph of reaction chamber length direction.
Table 1 is handled the comparison that mud reduced as the lime dosage of circulation ratio function in the time of 30 minutes at 70 ℃
| |
0 | 1∶1 | 2∶1 | 3∶1 |
| Mud (kg/hr) | 2268 | 2268 | 2268 | 2268 |
| Unslaked lime (kg/hr) | 794 | 445 | 376 | 363 |
| Unslaked lime dosage (%) | 35.0％ | 19.6％ | 16.6％ | 16.0％ |
| Do not compare the minimizing of unslaked lime with there being circulation | - | 44.0％ | 52.6％ | 54.3％ |
Annotate: mud is set at has 15% dried solid.
The U.S. studies show that, by handling mud 30 minutes at 55 ℃, can obtain high-caliber sterilization.This depends on the ammonia that discharges as sterilant in described method.
Temperature increase with ammonia exist acting in conjunction to improve the vapour pressure of ammonia.The vapour pressure of ammonia approximately is during in room temperature 5 times in the time of 50 ℃, and this has improved the diffusion of ammonia in mud, therefore provides with germ to contact widely.Compare pressure boost and have ammonia to help to improve the effect of the inventive method with open system.
Therefore, such temperature and time length can provide sufficient sterilization, to satisfy the requirement that relevant needs are observed, for example, such as " safe mud rule (the Safe Sludge Matrix) " in Britain, this regulation management sewage sludge application in farming land.Table 2 has shown the speed of mud and unslaked lime under different circulation ratios.These charts have clearly illustrated and have reached the minimizing that this requires required unslaked lime.By circulation, the amount of required unslaked lime has reduced nearly 40%.The same with the front, consistent more along the figure of reaction chamber length direction temperature.This has further provided significant saving aspect running cost, it is more suitable that the whole processing that show among the embodiment 1 that coexists are compared.
Table 2 is handled the comparison that mud reduced as the lime dosage of circulation ratio function in the time of 30 minutes at 55 ℃
| |
0 | 1∶1 | 2∶1 | 3∶1 |
| Mud (kg/hr) | 2268 | 2268 | 2268 | 2268 |
| Unslaked lime (kg/hr) | 222 | 154 | 141 | 136 |
| Unslaked lime dosage (%) | 9.8％ | 6.8％ | 6.2％ | 6.0％ |
| With the unslaked lime decrement that does not have circulation to compare | - | 30.6％ | 36.7％ | 38.8％ |
Annotate: mud is set at has 25% dried solid.
Be appreciated that a lot of variations can be grouped within the scope of the present invention.For example, potassium oxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, pure aluminium silicate, ferric oxide or calcium hydroxide can be used alone or in combination, to replace unslaked lime.Round-robin has been handled mud can directly be reintroduced to primary reaction chamber, rather than by feed hopper 12.Two stage pump 28 can be provided in the circulating path of mud, rather than in primary path.The secondary circular reactions device can be chosen wantonly to be provided at and circulate in the path 29.
Claims (17)
1. be used to handle the device of biosolids mud, this device comprises:
The primary sludge flowing-path;
Mixing tank is used to mix mud and oxidiferous chemical;
Backing pump is used to order about mud along the primary sludge flow path;
Be positioned at the primary reaction chamber of mixing tank downstream, primary sludge flowing-path, be used to make mixture reaction, and mixture temperature is raise;
From the path that circulates of the elementary mobile path branches in primary reaction chamber downstream, be used to make the mud of elementary flowing-path partly to shift and get back to mixing tank; With
Be positioned at the two stage pump in branch downstream, be used to control the mud part of the processing that will be recycled and the mud part of the processing that will be discharged.
2. the device of claim 1, wherein two stage pump is positioned at elementary flowing-path.
3. the device of claim 1, wherein two stage pump is positioned at and circulates the path.
4. the device of one of aforementioned claim, wherein backing pump is also as mixing tank.
5. the device of one of aforementioned claim, wherein backing pump is a positive-displacement pump, preferred screw type pump, progressive cavity pump or reciprocation pump.
6. the device of one of aforementioned claim, wherein two stage pump is a positive-displacement pump, preferred screw type pump, progressive cavity pump or reciprocation pump.
7. the device of one of aforementioned claim, wherein primary reaction chamber be built into make mud with plug flow by in it.
8. the device of one of aforementioned claim, geometrical shape wherein elementary and two stage pump and primary sludge path is built as at the silt pressure of the indoor generation of primary reaction greater than 100kPa, preferred 200-500kPa.
9. the device of one of aforementioned claim, wherein circulating path comprises the circulating reaction chamber.
10. method of handling biosolids mud, it may further comprise the steps:
A) mix mud and oxidiferous chemical;
B) under pressure, supply with mud, make it pass through primary reaction chamber, chemical reaction takes place thus, improve the mud temperature;
C) mud handled of cyclic part is got back to mixing step; With
D) mud handled of discharge unit,
The ratio of mud that wherein is recycled and the mud of introducing in step a) and oxidiferous chemical was greater than 1: 1.
11. the method for claim 10, wherein ratio is 1.5: 1-4: in 1 scope.
12. the method for claim 11, wherein ratio is 2: 1-3: in 1 scope.
13. the method for one of claim 10-12, the wherein mud that is recycled of the pump in primary reaction chamber downstream control and the ratio between mud that is introduced into and the oxidiferous chemical.
14. the method for claim 13, wherein the pump in the other pump of primary reaction chamber upstream and downstream jointly controls the ratio between the mud that is recycled and the mud that is introduced into and the oxidiferous chemical.
15. the method for one of claim 10-14, wherein the pressure of step b) is greater than 100kPa, preferably in the scope of 200-500kPa.
16. the method for one of claim 10-15, wherein the temperature of mud reaches 25 ℃-120 ℃ in the step b), preferred 50 ℃-80 ℃.
17. the method for one of claim 10-16, wherein in the step b) indoor residence time of primary reaction in 30 minutes-90 minutes scope.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0722034.6 | 2007-11-09 | ||
| GB0722034A GB2454507A (en) | 2007-11-09 | 2007-11-09 | Biological waste treatment |
| PCT/GB2008/003749 WO2009060201A2 (en) | 2007-11-09 | 2008-11-07 | Apparatus and method for treating waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102123958A true CN102123958A (en) | 2011-07-13 |
Family
ID=38858448
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008801154480A Pending CN102123958A (en) | 2007-11-09 | 2008-11-07 | Apparatus and method for treating waste |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2227443A2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102123958A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2454507A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009060201A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3030486B1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2019-07-19 | Institut National De Recherche En Sciences Et Technologies Pour L'environnement Et L'agriculture | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF SLUDGE |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52111492A (en) * | 1976-03-15 | 1977-09-19 | Nisshin Kogyo Kk | Method of efective use of sludge containing ferrous oxide |
| US5242601A (en) * | 1991-06-06 | 1993-09-07 | Alternative Technologies For Waste, Inc. | Sludge treatment with CaO or CaC2 and recovery of CaO therefrom |
| CA2135085C (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 2002-03-26 | Mark Girovich | Method for the treatment of sewage sludge and the like |
| US5554279A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-09-10 | Rdp Company | Apparatus for treatment of sewage sludge |
| US5603842A (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 1997-02-18 | Amsco, Incorporated | Process for treatment of sludge |
| US6780210B2 (en) * | 1997-08-13 | 2004-08-24 | Edward E. Boss | Process for forming a fuel product from paper mill sludge |
| US7083728B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2006-08-01 | N-Viro International Corporation | Method for treating sludge using recycle |
| GB0522039D0 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2005-12-07 | Thames Water Utilities | Sludge treatment |
| US20070278161A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Holloman Corporation | Waste Sludge Sanitizing Process Utilizing Biosolids Recycle |
-
2007
- 2007-11-09 GB GB0722034A patent/GB2454507A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-11-07 WO PCT/GB2008/003749 patent/WO2009060201A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-07 EP EP08848117A patent/EP2227443A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-11-07 CN CN2008801154480A patent/CN102123958A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2454507A (en) | 2009-05-13 |
| WO2009060201A3 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
| GB0722034D0 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
| EP2227443A2 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| WO2009060201A2 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
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Application publication date: 20110713 |