CN102122363A - Interactive electronic tag technology-based anti-collision method - Google Patents
Interactive electronic tag technology-based anti-collision method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interactive electronic tag technology-based anti-collision method, which comprises the following steps of: continuously sending instruction signals to tags at a moment of monitoring the signals after periodical sleeping and waking on an awaking channel through a coordinator in a working mode of using interactive electronic tag 'Reader Talk First'; immediately skipping to a working channel at the moment when the tags receive the instruction signals on the awaking channel, sending the signals to a reader-writer in a receiving state, and immediately monitoring acknowledgement character (ACK) return receipt after the transmission is completed; immediately stopping transmitting the signals for a while after the ACK is received; and if the ACK is not received, determining signal collision, dispersing the signals by using the difference of ID tail numbers of the signals, combining a random time delay method and adopting different time delays, then transmitting the dispersed signals, and repeating the steps till all tags receive the ACK or till exceeding the preset maximum repeated transmitting frequency. Therefore, interference of mass tags due to the signal collision is greatly reduced, and the read-write efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anticollision technology of wireless signal anticollision technology, particularly active electronic label.
Background technology
Here the wireless signal anticollision technology of being talked mainly is to communicate by letter with same center simultaneously at a plurality of radio signal source, and time of transmitting of radio signal source can't preplan the emission situation at random of arrangement.Read-write to magnanimity electronic tag (RFID) is exactly a typical example, and this also is a difficult problem in the wireless communication field.Existing treating method has: adopt hands-off method of launching random collision at random fully, monitor the RSSI signal intensity before the emission earlier, " if channel is occupied ", then monitor method for transmitting (RSSI) behind the random delay again, or adopt the signal will need to launch to use the way (Blink-Sub-blinks) of repeat its transmission behind the segmentation random delay, consult IEEE 802.15.4f and RTLS (ISO/IEC24730-2) international standard exposure draft.
The method that adopts completely random to collide naturally, not only efficient is low, and signal processing time is long, and when number of labels is very big, can't work effectively at all; Adopt the method for monitoring the RSSI signal, because the residing position of label of monitoring signal, with the position of the read write line of real received signal and inconsistent, thereby, only monitor the truth (referring to Fig. 1) that the RSSI signal can not accurately be judged channel occupancy, thereby can not guarantee to avoid signal collision and the generation of collision again by label; Adopt the mode (referring to Fig. 2) of Blink-Sub-blinks, though for general active electronic label, be a kind of relatively effectively at present method, yet it is low not solve efficient, the problem that the label signal processing time is long.In addition, because the signal repeat its transmission often, the processing time is long, also just brings the short problem of high power consumption of active electronic label and battery life naturally.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention, it is exactly this difficult problem in using at active electronic label, proposed a kind of (referring to Fig. 3) collision-proof method (abbreviating the grouping time-sharing approach later on as), improved electronic tag Signal Processing efficient and processing speed greatly based on the interactive intelligent electronic label technology.Here need to prove that what adopt for purpose of power saving with existing general active electronic label is that the working method of " Tag Talk First " is different, what the interactive intelligent electronic tag adopted is the working method of " Reader Talk First ".Interactive electronic label described here is in a kind of periodic sleep usually, revive back monitoring reception telegon or the flashy state of read write line command signal, and when not receiving command signal, label is not outwards launched any signal; The time that the sleep of each label is revived is uncertain, controlled voluntarily by each label clock internal, thereby when label received the instruction that transmits, the concrete time that each label transmits also is uncertain.
System architecture
The inventive method relates generally to three hardware components (referring to Fig. 3) in the wireless communication system: label, read write line and the supervisory computer that is connected with read write line.Here the computing machine of indication both can be general PC, also can be the single-chip microcomputer with identical function, can also be that read write line itself carries, and can bear the single-chip microcomputer of the identical data processing and the work of storage; If we further segment the read write line here, also can be divided into the needs reception handles from the data message of label and to it, thereby the read write line that must directly be connected with computing machine, do not receive any information from label, just by uninterruptedly repeating to label firing order information, thereby the read write line that can be not directly be connected with computing machine claims telegon again.Label and read write line (comprising telegon), all be to make by highly integrated micropower single-chip transceiver and single-chip microcomputer, single-chip transceiver also can have a unique producer's numbering in the whole world (burning is in chip), in case of necessity, needs according to concrete application, label and read write line can also have signal receiving strength deixis (RSSI).In order to reduce power consumption, the reliability of enhanced system anti-jamming capacity and system works, stability and security, the employed single-chip micropower of suggesting system for wearing transceiver adopts the straight preface communication technology frequently.For easy to use, suggesting system for wearing uses the international free frequency range of ISM.
The system works principle
Interactive intelligent electronic tag (being called for short label later on) adopts and is in periodic sleep usually, and the flashy working method of back monitoring signal of reviving reaches purpose of power saving; Electronic tag has write different working routines according to the practical application needs in advance, and the telegon that is complementary with it is by waking the mode that uninterruptedly repeatedly sends same short message instruction on the channel continuously up, the moment of catching label to revive, assign work order to electronic tag, it mainly is running parameter assignment to the electronic tag internal program, electronic tag will come work according to the requirement of instruction, and this often needs to jump to another working channel and comes to communicate (referring to Fig. 4) with read write line.
When telegon by broadcast mode uninterruptedly when label emission wakes work order up, owing to have certain clearance between each packet of emission continuously, thereby the monitoring moment after label is revived, interstitial site between just in time when telegon transmits bag continuously, wrapping and wrap, and the label listening period just might be missed individual tag and fail to be waken up less than inter-packet gap.For this situation, we can avoid the situation of skip by reducing the emission gap between the telegon command signal bag or prolong listening period to make it greater than inter-packet gap on the one hand, and we also can (continue T launch time for the first time continuously on the other hand
c〉=Ts=label sleep wake-up period) behind the emission wake-up signal, stagger and continue this emission process again after a time, make the listening period of label after sleep the is revived telegon interstitial site between bag and the bag and so interlock and carry out (referring to Fig. 5) when launching wake-up signal continuously that to stagger.
The length of label sleep cycle is fixed according to actual needs.During the label monitoring signal, at first be to monitor the RSSI signal, this requires a very short time and is about about 0.1mS, has only label after listening to the RSSI signal with sufficient intensity, just can delay time and continue to receive whole signal instruction bag, and move according to the requirement of instruction.When this has just guaranteed that read write line and electronic tag can be set up two-way communication rapidly as required, reduced the power consumption of electronic tag widely.(referring to Fig. 6)
What of number of labels a read write line can handle in preset time, except the total quantity of label that depends on that needs are handled, the frequent degree that each label transmits, the length of each signal packet, the communication environment quality, outside the factors such as traffic rate between the two, also depend on the communication mode between label and the read write line to a great extent.If read write line receives and handles a required time of label signal bag is 5mS, then in theory, read write line can be handled label in the time in 1 second maximum quantity is no more than 200, and this is the arranged working method of a kind of height plan.Yet in actual life, often can't arrange the precedence of the emission of each label in advance, thereby, when the time that plural label transmits is very close to each other (moment that transmits differs less than the read write line reception and handles the time that signal packet is required), then read write line may all not receive by a signal.Here it is so-called signal collision.When a plurality of labels at random mode when read write line transmits, this collision phenomenon will take place.Number of labels is many more, and collision opportunity is many more; Label transmits frequent more, and the chance of collision is big more; The signal packet of the each emission of label is long more, and the time that promptly takies communication port is of a specified duration more, collides also frequent more! After collision takes place, if do not take adequate measures, because the sleep work period is identical between the label, thereby the label that has bumped will bump once more, the error that self is produced up to the internal clocking of control label signal launch time, till the time that the label that bumps is transmitted staggers fully, this will need long time.Obviously, collision will greatly influence the efficient of read write line read write tag! Thereby the label time that transmits that how will bump effectively stagger each other, extremely important to the efficient that improves the read write line read write tag! Rely on the mode of existing monitoring RSSI signal, the way of repeat its transmission all can not be dealt with problems effectively behind the signal use segmentation random delay that maybe will need to launch.
" grouping time-sharing approach " in fact is exactly that telegon is by waking command signal up, require electronic tag after signal collision takes place, according to the time of system arrangement, certain combined digital according to the bit of self ID, the difference of low byte bit digital combination particularly, 4 of least significant end bits (" individual " positions of 16 systems) for example, or least significant end the 5th to the 8th bit reciprocal (" ten " positions of 16 systems), or 8 bits of least significant end (also can adopt metric mode) etc., after spreading out, the label that signal collision will take place on grouping timesharing ground sends again, avoiding the generation once more of signal collision, thereby improve the efficient of read write line read write tag.For the purpose of simple easy to understand, below we mainly adopt metric expression to be illustrated.
The technical solution used in the present invention
The present invention utilizes the interactive intelligent label to have the characteristics of two-way communication, has adopted several method as described below to avoid the sort signal generation of collision situation again, to improve the efficient of reader processing label.
One, the label that signal collision takes place disperseed immediately the way that sends again according to ID number difference.
Specific practice is: by telegon to being in holding state---periodically (cycle=T) sleep is revived the back at the flashy label of 1 channel monitoring signal, send all labels of broadcasting command request and carry out following action: (referring to Fig. 7)
1. receive that jumping to working channel 2 immediately after the instruction transmits;
2. on 2 channels, in preset time, monitor automated response piece (ACK) after the emission immediately, for example about 100uS from read write line;
3., stop emission signal immediately and in the given time T of having a rest if receive ACK from read write line
dBack (T
dSize determine according to actual needs) get back to holding state;
4. if fail to receive ACK in the given stand-by period, then according to the difference of self ID unit numbers, time-delay transmits, and the concrete time that prolongs of each label is depended on the size of its unit numbers.The unit numbers unit of multiply by of label time-delay Δ T for example
1, thereby the maximum delay of label is 10* Δ T.Here Δ T
1Size depend primarily on the closeness that in running order label transmits, but should be much larger than required time span of label signal of reader processing, generally speaking, when adopting decimal computation, be about 1/20th of label sleep wake-up period, be T/20 or shorter, the concrete time can be according to the test decision.After sending signal, the label time-delay will monitor ACK equally;
5. identical with the front working method, if label time-delay sends the ACK that receives behind the signal from read write line, label will stop to launch and in the given time T of having a rest immediately
dAfter, get back to holding state;
6. if fail to receive ACK after the label time-delay sends, then can be according to the size of self ID ten digit value, or the way that adopts random delay delays time once more and transmits, and when adopting the random delay emission, the emission maximum delay should be suitable with the maximum delay that adopts ID difference.If when adopting the size of each label ID ten digit value to decide time-delay, the time of concrete time-delay equals the time-delay Δ T of the label tens word unit of multiply by
2Along with by the increase of successful reading tag quantity, still in running order number of tags will reduce, and we can come the size of the time-delay Δ T of unit of adjustment as the case may be.For example, Δ T
2＜Δ T
1(Δ T for example
2=Δ T
1/ 2).But for simplicity, also can adopt identical unit time-delay, i.e. Δ T
2=Δ T
1=Δ T=T/20.
7. through after time-delay sends for the second time, consider to still have label after transmitting, can not receive ACK, promptly in the label that has bumped, might have their ID ends position and all identical situation of tens word.For this reason, when new one took turns the time-delay emission, we can adopt the process of ID number more high-order digital difference above continuing to repeat, and perhaps adopt with the way of random delay and handle.Promptly through still not receiving the label of ACK after time-delay sends for the second time, we can allow their continue according to the emission of delaying time of the more high-order digital difference of ID, or can adopt the mode of random delay to send separately, the magnitude range of random delay, on deciding as the case may be, generally can be thought of as the period T that the label sleep is revived.
8. we might as well be referred to as the signal emission process of timesharing and random delay combination with above whole process.This process can be 1,2 or a plurality of, or the process of one or more random delays according to the ID process that transmits of isotopic number difference timesharing time-delay not, or both carry out various combination and the repetitive cycling process of carrying out as required.Each label one is when being waken up, and it will automatically perform above process, stops emission behind the receipt that receives from read write line, and in the given time T of having a rest
dAfter, get back to holding state.Difference by label ID numeral decides emission delay in conjunction with random number, thereby the way of launch time has once more taken place between the label of signal collision in dispersion in time, can reduce the influence of bringing for reader processing label speed effectively, thereby improve the work efficiency of reader processing magnanimity label greatly because of signal collision.Adopt this method can not guarantee not take place new collision fully, but through behind the above time-delay of the repetitive cycling emission process, this probability will level off to zero.
9. the label of missing in the wakeup process in the first time still is in the periodic sleep back monitoring signal flashy holding state of reviving, thereby, staggering the time in a telegon new round sends continuously in the process of wake-up signal, also will be waken up and enter above-mentioned timesharing and add the random delay emission process.Up to receiving the ACK that beams back from read write line.Need to prove, when employing arranges label to disperse to transmit by a few bit digital difference in ID end, exist on the working channel of label not have the occupied time (standby time) in a large number, the label of being omitted when wake up indivedual fronts can be easy to the chance that obtains transmitting.
10. in order further to improve the work efficiency of read write line, we can also be according to the needs of practical application to label access time and read-write quantity, adjust label sleep wake-up period T, the length of unit time-delay Δ T, and the different array mode of several bit digital in end etc. is in the hope of obtaining best read-write effect.
Here need to prove that label is carried out the program of above action, is to write in the label in advance.The broadcasting instruction of telegon emission only is according to the practical application needs, the running parameter that writes program in the label is carried out assignment, for example Δ T
iDeng.We also can be solidificated in these assignment the working instruction signal (referring to Fig. 4) of further simplifying telegon in the program of label in advance.
Two, will all labels of signal collision take place according to label ID and clock rearrangement emission
When telegon sends when waking working instruction signal up to the label that is in holding state continuously uninterruptedly, we allow and have and this command signal time information corresponding in each command signal bag, this temporal information generally is unit with the millisecond, or is unit to launch required time (comprising two gaps launch time between the bag) length of command signal bag.This temporal information can be the clock from telegon, also can be according to time that numbering calculated of precedence when sending each signal packet from telegon.Thereby, all labels of reviving in this period when receiving the command signal of telegon, the temporal information when also just having obtained receiving the command signal bag simultaneously simultaneously.Like this, each label after receiving the telegon command signal, the just cycle that can revive according to sleep and the ID of self, the priority time sequencing that requires according to us transmitted (referring to Fig. 8).
Because we can't know accurate ID number of each label in advance, thereby concrete time of transmitting of each label that also just can't arrange exactly to be waken up.But we can be by each label ID low side bit difference, the sequencings of their launch times is made a distinction.For example, if we suppose label after being waken up and transmitting, need the label of emission again to have 30 because of bumping, and be at random the ID of these 30 labels number.We can suppose that the identical probability of combination of ID number several low side bits is less relatively among them.The for example combination of 8 bits of low side, from 1 to 256 precedence, according to certain time interval, for example 10mS arranges their signal transmission time.If the employing decimal system, we just can require label to carry out the signal emission according to from 1 to 99 precedence.Promptly when making decimally, the end double figures is 00 emission earlier, and behind the 10mS, the end double figures is that 01 label begins emission, and behind another 10mS, the end double figures is that 02 label is launched again, and by that analogy, the end double figures is that 99 label is launched at last.Obviously, the result of An Paiing can handle 100 labels a second like this, when using 5mS at interval, can handle 200 labels.Yet, in this process, having the launch time of 70 or 170 arrangements at least, reality does not have any label and transmits, thereby the situation of bye emission occurs; Meanwhile, in these 30 labels, have one group of above label, the last two digits of their ID is identical in every group of label, and only inequality on hundred or kilobit numeral, for example 188 and 288.Like this, ID end three bit digital are that two labels of 188 and 288 will be arranged at synchronization and transmit.The situation of preceding a kind of bye emission has reduced the utilization factor of working channel, and then a kind of situation then can produce signal and collide.In a sense, under the situation of above arrangement, bye and collision are simultaneous a pair of contradiction, and the bye phenomenon is many more, and collision opportunity is just few more, and vice versa.
Here need to prove, in we are arranged in same label sleep wake-up period, be waken up earlier and transmit after do not receive ACK label when launching again, for fear of the label generation signal collision that is waken up with the back and transmits, we also should arrange each label according to a few bit digital differences in ID end launch time, add emission again after time of a label sleep wake-up period.That is to say, in the above example, if the sleep wake-up period of label is 2 seconds, then ID end double figures is that 00 the ACK that do not receive needs the label of emission again, to launch behind the 2000mS after telegon begins to launch wake-up signal, the end double figures is that 01 label is launched behind 2010mS, and the end double figures is emission again after 02 the label 2020mS, by that analogy, the end double figures is that 99 label is launched behind 2990mS.Noticing that the delay time of each label here calculates all is based on starting point at the same time.The time zero here is the moment that telegon begins to launch wake-up signal, can certainly be that first wakes the moment of the numbering representative of command signal bag up when repeat its transmission is waken the command signal bag up continuously.
In the above example, for bumped and position, ID end and ten (or 8 low side bits of 16 systems) identical thereby the label of signal collision takes place once more, just do not receive ACK naturally yet, thereby also need to rearrange emission.This generally speaking number of labels is few, thereby we can adopt the method that sends again behind the random delay in emission process subsequently.This method is handled the whole process of magnanimity label, be referred to as grouping regularly with the signal emission process of random delay combination.This process can be one or more according to the ID process that regularly transmits of isotopic number difference not, or one or two timing emission process of arranging according to ID difference and one or more random delay emission processs subsequently.Here the time range of random delay, required time of general and a process of arranging by ID low side bit digital to launch is suitable.
Three, the label that signal collision takes place is divided into several groups earlier, in each group, handle (referring to Fig. 9) according to above-mentioned second method again
When number of labels is big, for the emission bye that occurs in the emission process of realizing delaying time and the reasonable balance between the signal collision, we are divided into several groups and handle respectively all need can also the be delayed time label of emission, make the number of labels in each group moderate, it is less to occur the identical probability of label ID low side bit digital in the group.
Be two examples of labeled packet below:
1, divide by label ID low side number of bits: for example, when adopting the decimal system, can divide by the difference of label ID hundred bit digital, promptly ID number hundred be divided into one group of " 0 ", hundred figure places are respectively " 1 ", " 2 " ... ..'s " 9 " respectively is one group, ten groups altogether; Perhaps hundred figure places be odd number be one group, even numbers be other one group etc. ... ... on this basis, in each group again according to unit numbers, tens word, or the difference of both combinations is arranged label concrete launch time as described above.
2, revive the period minute (referring to Fig. 9) by sleep
The IRFID sleep wake-up period T that will be in holding state in advance is divided into N hour section Δ T (also can be unequal) that is equal to.Δ T=T/N. each hour section uses Integer N i to represent, for example is divided into 10 sections, Ni=1 then, and 2,3 ... ..10.If the sleep wake-up period of IRFID is T=2 second, the length of each hour section Δ T then be 0.2 second (=200mS).In first period (0-200mS) that begins from telegon to launch continuously after waking command signal up, be waken up, and after transmitting, do not receive the label of ACK, if its ID end units is zero, launch in the time of will delaying time 2000mS, the end units is 1 label, launch in the time of will delaying time 2010mS, and the end units is 5 label, the 2050mS that will delay time emission, .... and in second period (201-400mS), be waken up, and after transmitting, do not receive the label of ACK, if its ID end units is zero, launch in the time of will delaying time 2100mS, the end units is 1 label, the 2110mS that will delay time emission, and the end units is 5 label, to delay time and launch behind the 2150mS .... by that analogy.
After finishing the timesharing time-delay transmission of dividing into groups for the first time, can also be according to the difference of label ID on the tens word, the timesharing time-delay of carrying out dividing into groups the second time sends.Here it should be noted that, the grouping here is to divide according to sleep 1/10th of the listening period of reviving at first, wherein the time span that takies when monitoring signal of each group is 0.2 second, but in arranging each group, be waken up and transmitting after do not receive ACK label time-delay when transmitting again, the shared time is 0.1 second; Thereby, when delaying time transmission according to the difference arrangement grouping of label ID tens word for the second time, the end tens is 1 label in first group, launch in the time of will delaying time 3010mS, and the end tens is 5 label, launch in the time of will delaying time 3050mS, .... and the end tens is zero in second group, launch in the time of will delaying time 3100mS, the end tens is 1 label, launch in the time of will delaying time 3110mS, and the end units is 5 label, launch in the time of will delaying time 3150mS .... by that analogy.
Equally, many when number of labels, and require reader to finish the time of label read-write when also looser, we can be with the sleep wake-up period lengthening of label on the one hand, on the other hand, also just need to arrange more longer the launch time that hour the section interior label is total corresponding to each grouping.For example, new label sleep wake-up period T=4 second (=4000mS), during N=10, reviving in first period (0-400mS) and needing time-delay emission and ID end double figures is zero label, launch in the time of will delaying time 4000mS, the end double figures is 01 label, launch in the time of will delaying time 4010mS, and the end double figures is 55 label, to delay time and launch behind the 4550mS, .... and revive in second period (401-800mS) and need time-delay emission and ID end double figures is zero label, the 5000mS that will delay time emission, and the end double figures is 01 label, launch in the time of will delaying time 5010mS, and the end double figures is 55 label, launch behind the 5550mS that will delay time .... by that analogy.
Identical with the way of front, after finishing for the first time or the timesharing time-delay of dividing into groups for the second time send, handle remaining when not receiving the label of ACK, the process that also need use the grouping random delay to send.The scope of each label random delay in each group should be suitable with total launch time of arranging by ID end numeral in the group.
When handling the magnanimity label, the present invention supposes all labels in periodic sleep is revived the flashy one-period of back monitoring signal, and the time that each label is revived is at random substantially.
In addition, when the number of labels that needs are handled very huge, and the time that requires to finish processing is very of short duration again, system also can be according to what of number of labels, practical application is to the requirement of tag system processing speed, and the length of label transmission packet, use a plurality of read write lines that are operated on the different channel to come work at same point, to reduce the workload of each read write line.Tell label how to decide the working channel (referring to Figure 10) of oneself by instruction simultaneously according to oneself ID number.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that come compared with the method for existing other anticollisions, advantage of the present invention is the read-write efficiency height, the label power consumption is very low!
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 monitors the truth that the RSSI mode can not be judged channel occupancy fully
Fig. 2 label adopts the Blink-Sub-blinks working method
Fig. 3 interactive intelligent electronic tag work system
Fig. 4 interactive intelligent electronic tag working method
The label that cause in Fig. 5 wake-up packet gap is omitted situation
Fig. 6 listens to label time-delay received signal bag behind the RSSI signal
Do not receive after Fig. 7 emission ACK according to label ID difference arrangement launch again
Do not receive that ACK launches again according to label ID difference and clock signal after Fig. 8 emission
After Fig. 9 grouping again the timesharing time-delay send synoptic diagram
Figure 10 uses a plurality of reader processing magnanimity labels by the frequency division mode
Embodiment
Example application below in conjunction with entrance guard management further specifies the technical solution adopted in the present invention:
If in peak period on and off duty, the peak flow that interior staff of unit interval passes in and out the gate inhibition is per second 10 people.The cycle that the usual sleep of electronic tag is revived is 2 seconds, and the signal cover of monitoring RSSI signal 100uS. read write line and the relative label of telegon after reviving on first channel should be greater than 20 meters radiuses.Suppose that the average velocity that the staff passes in and out the gate inhibition is 2.5 meter per seconds, we distinguish the employee and pass in and out direction, we will gate inhibition's turnover both direction on a read write line that is operated on second channel is installed respectively.Each read write line is read and write the label in 20 meters scopes being controlled separately on the turnover both direction.This just needs each read write line in less than 12 seconds time, handles 10* (20/2.5)=80 label.We install a telegon that is operated in first channel again at the gate inhibition place.If the required time of a label ID of reader processing signal is 3mS, then in the time range of 2000mS, the signal that in the signal cover of each read write line 80 length to be arranged on average be 3mS exists, and is randomly dispersed in the long time domain scope of this 2000mS, and its dutycycle is 12%.In the time period that this signal of 12% takies, if when collision.We are again according to the difference on ID number the position, the label that signal collision will take place immediately is according to the emission (according to 0.1 second interval) again of coming of the difference branch of ID end units, like this, take place in the label of signal collision at these, have only ID end units identical just signal collision can take place once more, still do not receive the label of ACK after we will delay time and launch, disperse emission more once by the method for random delay.So repeatedly till receiving ACK or surpassing predefined definite-time.
Here need to prove, being dispersed in the whole sleep wake-up period of whole collision, and the collision that takes place in the period in this cycle front, just disperseed time-delay to launch again immediately, in the cycle of launching is revived in a sleep, have only minimum part to be gone outside the cycle of delaying time to launch again in the label that bumps like this.
Specific practice is: system repeats to send the instruction that requires label emission self ID continuously by telegon to label, (each time＞2 that send continuously second, listening period after the inter packet gap time that transmits continuously should revive less than the label sleep, continuously emission will be as required with the mode in gap or a period of time mode of carrying out continuously, or behind the sensor activation again the mode of emission carry out, concrete mode is a principle with skip label not).The meaning of the instruction here is the following action of the concrete execution of requirement label:
1. all labels are after receiving the telegon command signal, jump to immediately on 2 channels to send ID number to read write line, and behind the emission ID immediately about the automated response piece ack signal 100uS that monitors on 2 channels from read write line.After receiving ACK, quit work immediately 5 minutes, enter the periodic sleep monitoring RSSI signal of back on 1 channel of reviving then
2. if in the time of 100uS, do not receive ACK.Then ID end units is 0 emission more immediately, and individual position is that 1 time-delay launch after 0.1 second ... individual position is 9, delays time and launches after 0.9 second again.Receive ACK if all will on 2 channels, monitor ACK 100uS. immediately after each label time-delay emission, then stop emission immediately and had a rest 5 minutes, enter the periodic sleep holding state of back of reviving then at 1 channel monitoring RSSI signal 100uS.
3. if still fail to receive ACK, then each label repeats top process according to the method for random delay.Yan Shi maximal value should not surpass the maximal value of pressing the time-delay of ID difference, for example 1 second immediately.Same label is monitored ACK immediately after emission, stop emission after receiving, has a rest and enters holding state after 5 minutes.
4. still do not receive the label of ACK, with the process that repeats automatically to launch again behind the above-mentioned random delay.
5. the label that newly enters the gate inhibition equally will coordinated device wakes and automatically performs whole process as above up.This is a continuously process.
Claims (9)
1. based on the collision-proof method of interactive electronic label technique, it is a kind of interactive electronic label " Reader Talk First " working method of utilizing, waking up on the channel uninterruptedly by telegon, sending command signal to being in the periodic sleep flashy label of back monitoring signal of reviving; And label jumps on the working channel waking the moment that receives command signal on the channel up immediately, send signal according to instruction to the read write line that is in accepting state, and after having launched, in a predefined short time period, monitor ACK receipt immediately from read write line; Read write line is returned the ACK receipt to label immediately after the signal packet that receives the label emission; Label then judges whether that according to whether receiving the ACK receipt needs transmit again; If receive ACK, label will be thought and transmit success and stop emission immediately, and move according to prearranged mode after the predefined time of having a rest again; If do not receive ACK in the listening period of this section weak point, label then needs to transmit again; In order to avoid signal collision taking place once more when the recurrent signal effectively with those labels that signal collision taken place, need the label of recurrent signal will be according to the difference of self ID numeral, the perhaps random number emission of delaying time so repeats till label is received ACK or surpassed predefined maximum repeat its transmission number of times.
2. the collision-proof method based on the interactive electronic label technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the label that needs recurrent signal described here will be according to the difference of self ID numeral, perhaps random number delay time the emission concrete mode, be meant that label is earlier according to the emission of delaying time for the first time of the difference arrangement between ID number, when the label of still failing to receive ACK after time-delay emission is for the first time delayed time emission once more, what time-delay emission was for the second time adopted then is the mode of random delay emission, so hockets till receiving ACK or surpassing predefined maximum repeat its transmission number of times.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described collision-proof methods based on the interactive electronic label technique, it is characterized in that: each label described here is according to the delay time concrete delay time of emission of the difference of self ID numeral, is that the product by unit time-delay Δ T and each label ID number several low side bits decides; Lower or the numeral of higher bit position more of the unit numbers that these several low side bits can be the decimal system or 16 systems or other; This unit time-delay is directly proportional with maximum delay, and is relevant with the total number of labels that participates in the unit interval transmitting.
4. according to the described collision-proof method of claim 3 based on the interactive electronic label technique, it is characterized in that: when described label is delayed time emission at needs, the signal of launching along with more and more labels is successfully received by read write line, the minimizing of the number of labels that participation transmits in the unit interval, the maximum delay of label should be more and more littler, for convenience's sake, the present invention is set at a fixed value less than label sleep wake-up period with maximum delay, for example half of label sleep wake-up period.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 4 described collision-proof methods based on the interactive electronic label technique, it is characterized in that: its described label can also obtain unified time information from receive described telegon command signal, this temporal information both can be when the continuous emission instruction signal bag of telegon, sequence number by received command signal bag is calculated the relative time information of gained, also can be directly from the absolute time information of telegon clock.
6. the collision-proof method of stating according to claim 5 based on the interactive electronic label technique, it is characterized in that: label fails to receive described ack signal thereby need launch again the time after transmitting, label is according to from the difference arrangement time-delay emission of the temporal information of telegon and label self ID number the time, new launch time of label of all emissions of need delaying time in work period of emission is revived in the sleep of a label, be to be arranged in order in the new time period of this work period after just having finished, with avoid with the cycle in the signal of the label that transmits later collide.
7. the collision-proof method of stating according to claim 6 based on the interactive electronic label technique, it is characterized in that: the concrete time of label time-delay emission is according to the temporal information from telegon, the product of the numeral that may occur according to a constant time lag and the several bits of label ID low side decides, this low side bit can be the decimal system or 16 systems unit numbers or with other more combination of high-order digit; And the size of this constant time lag depends on fully that read write line receives and handles the required time of signal packet that a label is launched, and the size of the concrete numeral of the several bits of described ID low side that adopted, then relevant with what of the number of labels that may need to retransmit, may need the number of tags retransmitted many more, this numeral is just big more.
8. the collision-proof method of stating according to claim 7 based on the interactive electronic label technique, it is characterized in that: when handling a large amount of label, the inventive method has also adopted the way of grouping time-delay emission, the back monitoring signal label of working method in a flash of promptly in advance periodic sleep being revived, according to its difference that different periods revive in same sleep wake-up period, in the different periods of the correspondence of counting after arranging this sleep wake-up period just to finish respectively, be arranged in all labels in each period, will work according to the described mode of claim 7 fully.
9. the collision-proof method of stating according to claim 7 based on the interactive electronic label technique, it is characterized in that: when handling a large amount of label, also adopted grouping time-delay method for transmitting, the back monitoring signal label of working method in a flash of promptly in advance periodic sleep being revived, difference according to its ID number, be arranged in respectively in the different periods of the correspondence that this work period counts after just having finished, be arranged in all labels in each period, will work according to the described mode of claim 7 fully.
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