A kind of PVT assembly for building
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application technology of solar energy, particularly a kind of PVT assembly for building.
Background technology
As the progressively implementation of environmental protection low-carbon (LC), the use of solar energy is more and more general.So aspect photovoltaic applications, a large amount of uses is crystal silicon solar energy battery at present, and well-known, the generating efficiency of crystal silicon cell can descend with the rising of temperature, concrete is presented as: 1 ℃ of the every rising of temperature, the generating efficiency of crystal silicon cell then descends 0.3%~0.6%.So common photovoltaic module the generating in, assembly temperature constantly raise, generating efficiency is in continuous decline.
More the normal optical photovoltaic assembly is applied to building field now, in the time of on being applied to construction wall, in summer, solar radiation is absorbed by the construction material of this photovoltaic module on the one hand, the heat that produces in power generation process of photovoltaic module can be passed to building but then, the heat of building absorption is more than photovoltaic module is not installed on the contrary like this, thereby has more increased the power consumption of building.Therefore, adopt which kind of method to solve photovoltaic module and be installed in when both can guarantee higher photovoltaic efficiency on the construction wall, can reduce architectural energy consumption again, this is in the emphasis and the difficult point of energy saving building area research with photoelectricity, photo-thermal integrated application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving the technical problem that the PVT component application occurs when building field, a kind of PVT assembly for building is provided, can reach the purpose that keeps the efficiency light photoelectric transformation efficiency, can reach the purpose that reduces architectural energy consumption, can also the waste heat that produce in the photoelectric conversion process effectively be utilized.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of PVT(photoelectricity photovoltaic for building) assembly, comprise the photovoltaic generation parts, be fixed in runner below the photovoltaic generation parts, be positioned at the cover plate below the runner and play the frame of fixation, it is characterized in that: the outside socket of described runner is provided with energy storage component, leave cavity between energy storage component and the runner, be filled with phase-change material in this cavity, the socket place of energy storage component and runner all is tightly connected by sealing ring; Described energy storage component two ends also are respectively arranged with the energy storage component of two sections hollows, and the hollow space of these two sections energy storage components is filled with phase-change material.
Described phase-change material is a solid-liquid phase change material, as the inorganic hydrated salt material, and 0-200 ℃ of phase transition temperature scopes, concrete phase transition temperature specifically should be used for determining according to the PVT assembly.
Each PVT assembly is rectangular, the inboard, edge, top of PVT assembly is horizontally disposed with the energy storage component and the runner of socket, these energy storage component two ends are connected with and other two energy storage components that are positioned at inboard, PVT assembly dual-side edge, two energy storage components that are positioned at inboard, PVT assembly dual-side edge all with vertical connection of energy storage component of runner outside.
The energy storage component of described runner outside is communicated with two inner chambers that are positioned at the energy storage component of inboard, PVT assembly dual-side edge respectively.Be welded between these three sections energy storage components, its inner chamber stores a certain amount of phase-change material.
Described photovoltaic generation parts can be monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic generation parts, perhaps polysilicon photovoltaic generation parts, perhaps amorphous silicon film photovoltaic generating parts.
Described energy storage component is made by the good metal material of heat conductivility, and the preferred stainless steel of metal material (as SUS304) is determined this component thickness according to PVT assembly quantity of heat storage size, and the thickness range of energy storage component is 1.5mm ~ 50mm.
Described runner adopts the good metal material of heat conductivility to make the preferred stainless steel of metal material (as SUS304).
Form closed cavity in order to make between energy storage component and the runner, its tightness to reach can make do not leak after the phase-change material phase transformation, non-volatile, hermetically-sealed construction between energy storage component and the runner adopts preferably heat-resisting, weather-proof good EPDM(ethylene propylene diene rubber so) the sealing ring sealing, but be not limited only to the sealing of EPDM sealing ring.
The principle of this invention is: when the PVT assembly tilts to be installed on the building, the photovoltaic generation parts are super to the sun, after shining upon the photovoltaic generation parts, (photovoltaic effect is meant object owing to absorb the phenomenon that photon produces electromotive force to the photovoltaic generation parts owing to photovoltaic effect by accepting illumination, be when object is subjected to illumination, CHARGE DISTRIBUTION state in the object changes and produces a kind of effect of electromotive force and electric current) generating, the photovoltaic generation parts produce heat and pass to energy storage component by the heat transmission in power generation process, and the air between photovoltaic generation parts and the cover plate, then by air and energy storage component with the heat transferred phase-change material;
The energy storage component by being positioned at PVT assembly top and the phase-change material on both sides absorb heat, then making hot-air up flow to the top from the centre descends respectively along both sides again, hot-air becomes cold air through cooling, cold air upwards flows again from the centre from flowing downward to PVT assembly bottom, forms circulating current;
Simultaneously, the heat of the phase-change material that the medium in the runner and energy storage component are interior carries out heat exchange, is together in series by the runner with a plurality of PVT assemblies, very convenient heat is utilized again.
Medium in the runner can be water, also can be good other liquid mediums such as ethylene glycol of heat exchange, but be not limited only to water and ethylene glycol.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention introduces phase-change material in the PVT assembly, the heat that the photovoltaic generation parts produce in power generation process can be absorbed by phase-change material, the photovoltaic generation parts is remained under the lower temperature work, thereby keep higher photoelectric conversion efficiency; Thermal energy storage is in phase-change material, and the medium in phase-change material and the runner carries out heat exchange, and heat can be taken away by medium and be used; The present invention is used for architectural, scalable building temperature, thus reduce architectural energy consumption, can really be implemented in the absorption in summer and impinge upon architectural a large amount of sunlight, reduce the solar energy that building absorbs, thereby reduce architectural energy consumption; In winter, the heat energy that the phase-change material in the PVT assembly stores can heat building, reduces architectural energy consumption so on the one hand, and the temperature of scalable building makes the dim summer cold of indoor winter on the other hand.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the look up structural representation corresponding with Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is vertical part section structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is at architectural scheme of installation
Inner air circulation schematic diagram when Fig. 5 uses for the present invention
System's UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN schematic diagram that Fig. 6 forms for the present invention
Wherein Reference numeral is: 1 frame, 2 photovoltaic generation parts, 3 energy storage components, 4 runners, 5 phase-change materials, 6 cover plates, 7 sealing rings.
Embodiment
A kind of PVT(photoelectricity photovoltaic for building) assembly, comprise photovoltaic generation parts 2, be fixed in runner 4 below the photovoltaic generation parts 2, be positioned at the cover plate 6 below the runner 4 and play the frame 1 of fixation, described runner 4 outside sockets are provided with energy storage component 3, leave cavity between energy storage component 3 and the runner 4, be filled with phase-change material 5 in this cavity, energy storage component 3 all is tightly connected by sealing ring 7 with the socket place of runner 4; Described energy storage component 3 two ends also are respectively arranged with the energy storage component 3 of two sections hollows, and the hollow space of these two sections energy storage components 3 is filled with phase-change material 5.
Each PVT assembly is rectangular, the inboard, edge, top of PVT assembly is horizontally disposed with the energy storage component 3 and the runner 4 of socket, these energy storage component 3 two ends are connected with and other two energy storage components 3 that are positioned at inboard, PVT assembly dual-side edge, two energy storage components 3 that are positioned at inboard, PVT assembly dual-side edge all with 3 vertical connections of energy storage component of runner 4 outsides, be welded.
The energy storage component 3 of described runner 4 outsides is communicated with two inner chambers that are positioned at the energy storage component 3 of inboard, PVT assembly dual-side edge respectively, and its inner chamber stores a certain amount of phase-change material 5.
Energy storage component 3 inner chambers store a certain amount of phase-change material 5,0-200 ℃ of phase transition temperature scopes.Described phase-change material 5 is a solid-liquid phase change material, can be inorganic hydrated salt material, for example Na
2SO
410H
2O, perhaps paraffin or the like.
Described photovoltaic generation parts 2 can be monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic generation parts, perhaps polysilicon photovoltaic generation parts, perhaps amorphous silicon film photovoltaic generating parts.
Described energy storage component 3 is made by the good metal material of heat conductivility, the preferred stainless steel of metal material (as SUS304), but be not limited only to stainless steel, can also adopt other metals, as copper, aluminum or aluminum alloy etc., by processing, or select for use section bar to carry out welding processing to form, its structure member thickness range is 1.5mm ~ 50mm.
Described runner 4 adopts the good metal material of heat conductivility to make, the preferred stainless steel of metal material (as SUS304), but be not limited only to stainless steel, can also adopt other metals, as copper, aluminum or aluminum alloy etc.
Form closed cavity in order to make between energy storage component 3 and the runner 4, its tightness to reach can make do not leak after phase-change material 5 phase transformations, non-volatile, hermetically-sealed construction between energy storage component 3 and the runner 4 adopts preferably heat-resisting, weather-proof good EPDM(ethylene propylene diene rubber so) sealing ring 7 sealings, but be not limited only to 7 sealings of EPDM sealing ring.
As Figure 1-3, after photoelectric subassembly 2 and energy storage component 3 fit tightly, with module frame 1 encapsulation, cover plate 6 is installed on the assembly, cover plate 6 and assembly sealing.Runner 4 is distributed in the energy storage component 3, and runner 4 is imported and exported and 7 sealings of energy storage component 3 usefulness sealing rings, and energy storage component 3 can be stored phase-change material 5 in it, and phase-change material 5 and runner 4 interior media carry out heat exchange, and medium is taken away heat.
The principle of this invention is:
As shown in Figure 4, PVT assembly of the present invention is installed on the building roof, α in an angle with the horizontal, the photovoltaic generation parts 2 surpass to the sun, after shining upon photovoltaic generation parts 2, (photovoltaic effect is meant object owing to absorb the phenomenon that photon produces electromotive force to photovoltaic generation parts 2 owing to photovoltaic effect by accepting illumination, be when object is subjected to illumination, CHARGE DISTRIBUTION state in the object changes and produces a kind of effect of electromotive force and electric current) generating, photovoltaic generation parts 2 produce heat and pass to energy storage component 3 by the heat transmission in power generation process, and the air between photovoltaic generation parts 2 and the cover plate 6, then by air and energy storage component 3 with heat transferred phase-change material 5; Because phase-change material 5 belongs to high energy storage material, the heat that the battery sheet produces passes to phase-change material 5 always, and phase-change material 5 phase transition process almost keep isothermal, like this, can think that the battery sheet also can work than under the stationary temperature, thereby improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Absorb heat by the energy storage component 3 on top and the phase-change material 5 on both sides, rise according to hot-air, the principle that cold air descends forms the cross-ventilation circulation.Hot-air up flows to the top and descends respectively along both sides from the centre, hot-air becomes cold air through cooling, and cold air upwards flows again from the centre from flowing downward to PVT assembly bottom, forms circulating current.
In cyclic process, air is with heat transferred phase-change material 5, and phase-change material 5 absorbs a large amount of heats in phase transition process, and its temperature in phase transition process is almost constant, and cross-ventilation can make the every place of assembly keep than even temperature.So both can allow remaining on of battery sheet is lower, work under the stationary temperature, make assembly keep higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, store a large amount of heat energy by phase-change material 5 simultaneously again, this part heat can by with runner 4 in medium carry out heat exchange, thereby heat is taken away, and the heat of taking away can be used.Media in the runner 4 can be water, also can be good other liquid mediums such as ethylene glycol of heat exchange, but be not limited only to water and ethylene glycol.As heat domestic water, for the user provides the domestic hot-water, as shown in Figure 6.Being together in series by the runner 4 with a plurality of PVT assemblies is connected with the thermal water utilization system, and the medium collection heat is controlled heat and to be utilized.
Because phase-change material 5 has absorbed a large amount of heats, make the building heat absorption reduce greatly, can reduce architectural energy consumption in summer, in the winter of cold, phase-change material 5 can discharge a large amount of heat and heat for building.Therefore the present invention is applied to architecturally, and by system's control, the temperature of scalable building makes the dim summer cold of indoor winter, really accomplishes building energy conservation.