CN102116686A - Method and device for estimating the temperature sensed upon contact with a surface - Google Patents
Method and device for estimating the temperature sensed upon contact with a surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102116686A CN102116686A CN2010105925937A CN201010592593A CN102116686A CN 102116686 A CN102116686 A CN 102116686A CN 2010105925937 A CN2010105925937 A CN 2010105925937A CN 201010592593 A CN201010592593 A CN 201010592593A CN 102116686 A CN102116686 A CN 102116686A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/42—Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for estimating the temperature sensed upon contact with a surface. The method includes contactless heating of the surface, contactless measurement of a time change in temperature of the surface, and estimation of the temperature sensed upon contact with the surface on the basis of this time change in temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of temperature and device of experiencing with surperficial contact that be used to estimate.Have special advantage though the present invention uses in motor vehicle industry, the invention is not restricted in motor vehicle industry, use.On the contrary, the present invention can be applied to need optimized all technical fields of perception (particularly sense of touch (feel) and palpability (palpability)) with product quality in, that is to say for example can also be applied in electronics or the furniture industry.
Background technology
In order for example to make quantitative estimation to the visual and palpable certainty and/or the authenticity of material, the measurement and/or the estimation that the surface are contacted temperature are essential.So-called thermal break-through coefficient can be defined as characteristic parameter herein.Here the problem of Chan Shenging is only in large-scale machine test material to be determined this thermal break-through coefficient usually.
Yet, especially in motor vehicles, the temperature sensation that need contact with the material that occurs in nondestructive, non-contacting form and the form pair that does not rely on the surface and different materials, the particularly car is estimated, and/or the thermal break-through coefficient of the material that occurs in the car is estimated.Simultaneously, for example, the size that is used for the measurement mechanism of this purpose should be controlled by robot measurement.
DE 39 01 377 A1 patent documents disclose a kind of method of determining thermal conductivity on the basis of measuring thermal voltage by the driver/sensor system on the material that produces thermograde.In the method, required temperature difference is produced under first operational mode by the driver as peltier-element (Peltier element) operation.With the supply of the proportional Peltier heat of electric current with emit and periodically interrupted momently, in the disconnected in these process, driver is as operating sensor, and it detects and the proportional transient heat voltage of temperature difference by be transformed into second operational mode electronicly.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is, a kind of method of temperature and device of experiencing with surperficial contact that be used to estimate is provided, this method and/or this device can make reliably, do not rely on such as surface color or the characteristic description that transmits the concrete configuration of surface of performance and become possibility, and simultaneously can with non-destructive and movably mode use.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved according to the method for the feature of independent claims 1 and according to the device of the feature of independent claims 7.
A kind of estimation contact with the surface and the method for temperature experienced has following step: the contactless area of heating surface, and the time that the non-contact measurement surface temperature changes, and on the basis of time of temperature change, estimate the temperature of experiencing with surperficial the contact.
Due to the fact that, method promptly of the present invention is operated in contactless and nondestructive mode, so it guarantees that the surface that will detect can not change, and therefore noresidue exists, so this method also is applicable to comparative study and/or standard testing.In this case, the temperature that method of the present invention makes the people experience can be estimated with the mode that can move use with nondestructive, can be used for multifarious widely surface and/or material, for example, and metal, wood, plastics, polyfoam or the like.
Be used for heating and/or multiple, the contactless technology of the area of heating surface can be used for the example of method of the present invention.Do not limiting under the situation of the present invention, these technology for example can comprise, use halogen light, infrared light, use the light of lasing light emitter or utilize heat conduction (by the air of heating is provided, for example utilizing fan).
Various processing can be used to make surface standardization, can objective comparisons to guarantee to utilize result that method of the present invention obtains, and do not rely on special configuration of surface, specifically, do not rely on the color separately on surface or transmit performance.These improvement can comprise the use of heat-conducting cream, have (papery) paster of special transmission performance or the use of adhesive tape, the use of the liquid (for example having the inferior light black of two parts of volumes and the isopropyl alcohol of a volume) that is fit to, maybe can be stored in the use that also is transferred to the carbon black fine particle on each sample in the polytetrafluoroethylene filter (Teflon filters) thus, can also with other improve be fit to, mode combines closely, so that improve and/or standardization not only can be in the laboratory also can be used with the mode that moves the form of robot measurement (for example with).
According to an embodiment, the step of the area of heating surface comprises the PULSE HEATING on surface.It is possible utilizing herein and distinguishing the different surfaces and/or the material that will detect than the more senior scheme of heating constant, equilibrium, because the function of acquisition respectively and the temperature variation description dependence time and/or measurement curve not only slope (each tropic) are different mutually, and by the also mutual difference of each decline curve of PULSE HEATING generation.
According to an embodiment, the step of the temperature that estimation is experienced with surperficial the contact comprises the definite of parameter vl, and this parameter is given by following formula:
M represents the slope of the tropic, and the tropic is definite for the function of the temperature variation of describing the dependence time, and a represents the average amplitude by the decline curve in this function of PULSE HEATING generation.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the step of the temperature that estimation is experienced with surperficial the contact is carried out on the basis of calibration, determines above-mentioned parameter for a plurality of reference surfaces in calibration.
According to one embodiment of present invention, this calibration comprises thermal break-through coefficient (the defining hereinafter) value that will be dispensed to for the parameter (vl) that a plurality of reference surfaces are determined separately, and described thermal break-through coefficient value is known to this reference surface.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention relates to a kind of device that is used to estimate the temperature of experiencing with surperficial the contact, this device has the thermal source that is used for the contactless area of heating surface, the thermometer that is used for the non-contact measurement surface temperature, and assessment unit, it is based on the characteristic parameter of definite temperature of experiencing with surperficial contact of time of surface temperature variation, and wherein said surface temperature changes and caused by heating.
According to one embodiment of present invention, this device is designed to utilize thermal source that PULSE HEATING is carried out on the surface.For this purpose, this device can have the screen that can rotate especially, and this screen has at least one opening, can heat energy be applied to the surface by described opening.
Further improvement of the present invention can be learned from embodiment and dependent claims.
Description of drawings:
Followingly explain the present invention in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings.
In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 a-b represents the master of the design of measurement mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention to look synoptic diagram, and (Fig. 1 a) and schematic side view (1b);
Fig. 2-the 3rd is used to explain the synoptic diagram of the operation of measurement mechanism shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4-5 expression is used to explain the chart of the calibration of method of the present invention and measurement mechanism shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 a and 1b only are that (Fig. 1 a) and the synoptic diagram of the design of the measurement mechanism of the present invention of side view (Fig. 1 b) expression with front view.
Device shown in Figure 1 has thermal source 20, and it is configured to Halogen lamp LED in the exemplary embodiment, and (infrared) thermometer 10 that is supported by support 15.Although following heating uses Halogen lamp LED to carry out as thermal source, the present invention is not so limited.Therefore, according to further embodiment (not shown), it also is possible using infrared lamp, incandescent lamp, lasing light emitter or using fan or controlled hot hair dryer to carry out contactless heating.
In exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 1, a part that forms the Halogen lamp LED of thermal source 20 is supported on the support 25, and support 25 (for example using screw) is fixed on the shell of motor 50 of exemplary embodiment.The axle 35 of motor 50 connects 36 by screw and nut and is fixed on rotatable dish or the screen 30, and this dish or screen 30 have opening 40 so that light and/or heat are passed through, and dish or screen 30 are not penetrable for heat and/or light (at least in fact).
According to Fig. 2, thermometer 10 is made into the temperature that makes on its sample surfaces that can measure the sample 60 that exceeds rotatable dish or screen 30, typically, and has the interval of several centimetres (for example 5-20 centimetres) between the measured surface.
Be objectively or do not rely on the color and the transmission performance on surface separately that in order to ensure measurement in advance detected sample 60 is carried out homogenizing or surface treatment of being fit to, all after this samples have consistent color attribute and surface structure.For example, the heat-conducting cream that can buy on the market, (papery) paster with suitable transmission performance (preferably low reflection coefficient) or adhesive tape, suitable liquid (for example having the inferior light black of two parts of volumes and the isopropyl alcohol of a volume) or carbon black fine particle (for example being stored on the polytetrafluoroethylene filter (Teflonfilters)) can both be used for surface separately for this purpose.
Below with reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 a-d, to the explanation that makes an explanation of the quantification of the mensuration of the contact temperature for material to be detected of the present invention and/or the temperature sensation that contacts with relevant surfaces.
In the example of method of the present invention, use Fig. 1 a-b and device shown in Figure 2 that relevant surfaces is carried out PULSE HEATING, especially, for the purpose of calibrating installation, at first carry out PULSE HEATING for a series of reference sample (so-called " impression contact sample (sensotact samples) ").Each reference sample comprises different material (such as expandable polystyrene (Styropor), wood, teflon or aluminium) mutually.
Heating by recurrent pulses obtains based on the opening on dish or the screen 30 40 herein, dish or screen 30 rotate in Fig. 1 a-b and device shown in Figure 2, and the generation feature saw-toothed curve " A " consistent with Fig. 4 be to " E ", is used for (identified as samples is called 0,20,50,70 contacts sample with 100 the impression that is used to calibrate) to measure time dependent temperature.In this example, pulse can be selected, only as an example, and as can be with the frequency record measured value of 1Hz.
According to Fig. 4, these saw-toothed curves at first are used for the slope that (the measurement curve of the temperature that changes by relative time) calculates the tropic, and next is used to calculate because the amplitude of the decline curve of each " vibration " that PULSE HEATING produces.
Coefficient of comparisons (comparative coefficient) vl is calculated as follows by average amplitude value and slope value:
M represents the slope of the tropic, and a represents the average amplitude of decline curve.
In addition, that reference that is used to calibrate or impression contact sample have is different, known thermal break-through coefficient b value respectively, and thermal break-through coefficient b is defined as follows:
Wherein
And
B: thermal break-through coefficient
λ: thermal conductivity
C: thermal capacity
γ: density
θ
0: surface temperature.
Coefficient of comparisons vl or the thermal break-through coefficient b drawing determined according to each reference sample draw the correlativity shown in Fig. 5 a signal.Therefore,, can in measurement subsequently, utilize this correlativity, each coefficient of comparisons vl is distributed to analog value of thermal break-through coefficient b of test material according to Fig. 5, and, therefore distribute to analog value of contact temperature T c of test material.
Because temperature T c is directly related with the mankind's temperature perception again in contact, therefore contact under the situation of different surfaces, temperature sensation is quantification at least approx also.This represents in the synoptic diagram of Fig. 5 c and 5d, in Fig. 5 c, (thermoreceptor) pulse rate or per second pulse number are distributed to contact temperature T c, in Fig. 5 d, in order to describe the characteristic of the temperature of experiencing with surperficial the contact, with corresponding scale value, for example the scale range from 0 (cold) to 100 (warming up) is distributed to this pulse rate.
Claims (9)
1. an estimation contacts with the surface and the method for temperature experienced, it is characterized in that described method has following steps:
A) the contactless area of heating surface;
B) time of non-contact measurement surface temperature change; And
C) temperature that estimation is experienced with surperficial the contact on the basis of time of temperature change.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at heating steps a) before, the surface is handled so that the color on surface and/or the standardization of transmission performance.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, heating steps a) comprises the PULSE HEATING surface.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the step c) of the temperature that estimation is experienced with surperficial the contact comprises the definite of parameter (vl), and this parameter is given by following formula:
M represents the slope of the tropic, and the tropic is definite for the function of the temperature variation of describing the dependence time, and a represents the average amplitude by the decline curve in this function of PULSE HEATING generation.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the step c) of the temperature that estimation is experienced with surperficial the contact is carried out on the basis of calibration, determines parameter (vl) for a plurality of reference surfaces in calibration.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, calibration comprises the parameter (vl) that will determine for a plurality of reference surfaces and is dispensed to each thermal break-through coefficient (b) value, and described thermal break-through coefficient (b) value is known for this reference surface, and this thermal break-through coefficient is defined as
Wherein
And
B: thermal break-through coefficient
λ: thermal conductivity
C: thermal capacity
γ: density
θ
0: surface temperature.
7. device that is used to estimate the temperature that contacts with the surface and experience is characterized in that described device has:
Thermal source (20), it is used for the contactless area of heating surface;
Thermometer (10), it is used for the non-contact measurement surface temperature; And
Assessment unit, it is based on the characteristic parameter (vl) of definite temperature of experiencing with surperficial contact of time of surface temperature variation, and described surface temperature changes and is caused by heating.
8. device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described device is designed to utilize thermal source (20) that PULSE HEATING is carried out on the surface.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the described device that is used for the surface is carried out PULSE HEATING has the screen (30) that can rotate, and screen (30) has at least one opening (40), can heat energy be applied to the surface by described opening (40).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010000701A DE102010000701A1 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2010-01-06 | Method and device for estimating the temperature felt when touching a surface |
| DE1020100007013 | 2010-01-06 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102116686A true CN102116686A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
| CN102116686B CN102116686B (en) | 2015-02-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010592593.7A Active CN102116686B (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2010-12-16 | Method and device for estimating the temperature sensed upon contact with a surface |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8457918B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2343525B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102116686B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010000701A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104866140A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 小米科技有限责任公司 | Screen calibration method and screen calibration apparatus |
| CN110617894A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-27 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Method for measuring temperature of metal wire in integrated circuit |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018004878B4 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2023-10-26 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Testing device and method for checking the quality of a surface coating of a workpiece |
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| US20090263870A1 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-10-22 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | System and method for amplifying a nucleic acid molecule |
| US8256953B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2012-09-04 | Yuhas Donald E | Methods and apparatus for measuring temperature and heat flux in a material using ultrasound |
-
2010
- 2010-01-06 DE DE102010000701A patent/DE102010000701A1/en active Pending
- 2010-12-07 EP EP10193903.1A patent/EP2343525B1/en active Active
- 2010-12-16 CN CN201010592593.7A patent/CN102116686B/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-01-04 US US12/984,549 patent/US8457918B2/en active Active
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| US5645349A (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1997-07-08 | Thermoscan Inc. | Noncontact active temperature sensor |
| US5653539A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1997-08-05 | Rosengaus; Eliezer | Method and apparatus for remotely measuring the temperature of a surface |
| JPH08136355A (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-05-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for estimating temperature of inner section of food |
| EP0913676A1 (en) * | 1997-11-01 | 1999-05-06 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Method and apparatus for temperature measurement |
| JPH11148874A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-06-02 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Method and instrument for measuring internal temperature of object |
| US20020006153A1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2002-01-17 | Robert M. Ranson | Method of temperature measurement |
| EP1500920A1 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-01-26 | Atlas Material Testing Technology GmbH | Calibration of temperature sensors in weathering devices by contactless temperature measurement |
| JP2006259744A (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Toshiba Corp | Fixing apparatus, heating apparatus control method and non-contact thermal sensing device |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104866140A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 小米科技有限责任公司 | Screen calibration method and screen calibration apparatus |
| CN110617894A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-27 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Method for measuring temperature of metal wire in integrated circuit |
| CN110617894B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-12-22 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Method for measuring temperature of metal wire in integrated circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110166815A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
| EP2343525A3 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| EP2343525B1 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
| EP2343525A2 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
| DE102010000701A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
| US8457918B2 (en) | 2013-06-04 |
| CN102116686B (en) | 2015-02-04 |
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