The specific embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
The invention provides a kind of distributing valve that is used for the high-speed train braking system, comprise valve base, valve base is provided with the train mouth of pipe, supplementary reservoir mouth, brake cylinder mouth and exhaust outlet.
Switching the ground connected sum by the inflation shrinkage cavity between the train mouth of pipe and the supplementary reservoir mouth disconnects; Switching the ground connected sum by intake valve port between supplementary reservoir mouth and the brake cylinder mouth disconnects; Switching the ground connected sum by exhaust valve port between brake cylinder mouth and the exhaust outlet disconnects.
Valve base is used for each parts is installed in the inside of valve base, and by the standing valve matrix distributing valve is installed in the brake system of train.
The train mouth of pipe is used for linking to each other with the train pipe, when distributing valve uses in main brake system, can be to link to each other with the train pipe of this train.When distributing valve uses in the emergency brake system at train, when train need be rescued, the train mouth of pipe can be linked to each other with the train pipe of breakdown locomotive, with the maintenance synchronous braking.
The supplementary reservoir mouth is the outlet of gas in the supplementary reservoir, and supplementary reservoir is used to emergency brake system that auxiliary gaseous tension is provided.
The brake cylinder mouth is the import and export of brake cylinder gas, and brake cylinder is used to train that brake gas pressure is provided.
Exhaust outlet communicates with atmosphere, and the passage of discharging greater than atmospheric gas is provided, to reduce with it
The gaseous tension of communication passage.
Switching the ground connected sum by the inflation shrinkage cavity between the train mouth of pipe and the supplementary reservoir mouth disconnects, in the normal state, when promptly this distributing valve is not worked yet, air shrinkage cavity between the train mouth of pipe and the supplementary reservoir mouth is opened, be connected between the train mouth of pipe and the supplementary reservoir mouth, keep pressure in the supplementary reservoir with train pipe internal pressure; When the air shrinkage cavity between the train mouth of pipe and the supplementary reservoir mouth is closed, disconnect the gas communication path between the train mouth of pipe and the supplementary reservoir mouth.
Switch the ground connected sum by intake valve port between supplementary reservoir mouth and the brake cylinder mouth and disconnect, in the normal state, when promptly this distributing valve was not worked yet, the intake valve port between supplementary reservoir mouth and brake cylinder mouth was closed, and the gas between the two is not connected; When the intake valve port of supplementary reservoir mouth and brake cylinder mouth was opened, gas flowed in the brake cylinder by intake valve port in the supplementary reservoir, thereby provides pressed gas to brake cylinder, produced braking force.
Switching the ground connected sum by exhaust valve port between brake cylinder mouth and the exhaust outlet disconnects, in the normal state, when promptly this distributing valve was not worked yet, exhaust valve port was opened between brake cylinder mouth and the exhaust outlet, gas in the brake cylinder is connected with atmosphere, and brake cylinder does not produce braking force; When the exhaust valve port between the two is closed, cut off the communication paths between brake cylinder and atmosphere, the braking cylinder pressure increases, and produces braking force.
This distributing valve is controlled the action of its internal part according to the difference of pressure between the gas in train tube pressure and the supplementary reservoir, thereby changes the pressure of braking gas in the jar, and then changes braking force, simple in structure, the easy operating of this distributing valve and maintenance.
On the basis of technique scheme, will describe in detail by preferred embodiment below.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, this distributing valve that is used for the high-speed train braking system comprises valve base 11, and valve base 11 is provided with the train mouth of pipe 12, supplementary reservoir mouth 13, brake cylinder mouth 14 and exhaust outlet 15.
Switching the ground connected sum by inflation shrinkage cavity 101 between the train mouth of pipe 12 and the supplementary reservoir mouth 13 disconnects; Switching the ground connected sum by intake valve port 103 between supplementary reservoir mouth 13 and the brake cylinder mouth 14 disconnects; Switching the ground connected sum by exhaust valve port 102 between brake cylinder mouth 14 and the exhaust outlet 15 disconnects.
In the present embodiment, in first cavity 121 that is communicated with the train mouth of pipe 12 and supplementary reservoir mouth 13, slide and be provided with first piston 16, inflation shrinkage cavity 101 is opened on the wall of first cavity 121, and inflation shrinkage cavity 101 is closed and opened with switching in the change of first piston 16 sliding position in first cavity 121.
Owing to change by the pressure of gas transfer between the two between brake cylinder and the supplementary reservoir, therefore the variation of piston pressure at both sides can change position of piston, adopt the mode of closing and opening of piston as control inflation shrinkage cavity, can make the application force of gas more even, cost of manufacture is low cheap, can certainly adopt other forms to control closing and opening of inflation shrinkage cavity, for example, control closing of inflation shrinkage cavity by the elastic telescopic of spring diaphragm, be not limited to present embodiment.
Further, be formed with through hole 20 between the 3rd cavity 123 of second cavity 122 of connection brake cylinder mouth 14 and connection supplementary reservoir mouth 13; Formation intake valve port 103 between the end face be provided with second piston, 17, the second pistons 17 and the through hole 20 slides in the 3rd cavity 123.
Exhaust valve port between brake cylinder mouth and the exhaust outlet is used for being communicated with or disconnection between control brake cylinder mouth and the exhaust outlet, and the setting of exhaust valve port also can be adopted multiple mode, preferably forms exhaust valve port by following mode in the present embodiment.
First piston 16 is provided with vertical air exhaust rod 18 through first piston 16, and air exhaust rod 18 is provided with the hollow hole of perforation; One end of air exhaust rod 18 stretches out from first cavity 121 hermetically, is communicated with exhaust outlet 15; The other end of air exhaust rod 18 stretches in second cavity 122 hermetically, is provided with towards second piston 17, and first piston 16, air exhaust rod 18 and second piston 17 are along same straight-line motion; Form exhaust valve port 102 between the hollow hole of air exhaust rod 18 other ends and second cavity 122.By this structure design, make the position of first piston 16 move to drive moving of air exhaust rod 18, the contact between air exhaust rod 18 and second piston, 17 end faces with separate the opening and closing that can control exhaust valve port 102.
On the basis of the foregoing description, between the end face of the train mouth of pipe 12 place cavitys and valve base 11 walls, be provided with first elastic supporting member for supporting optical member 131 at first piston 16.The elastic force direction of 131 pairs of first pistons 16 of first elastic supporting member for supporting optical member can be consistent to the pressure direction of first piston 16 with the train mouth of pipe 12 place cavitys.
Further, between the wall of the end face of the 3rd cavity 123 and valve base 11, can be provided with second elastic supporting member for supporting optical member 132 at second piston 17; The pressure direction of 123 pairs second pistons 17 of the elastic force direction of 132 pairs second pistons 17 of second elastic supporting member for supporting optical member and the 3rd cavity is consistent.
By the first above-mentioned elastic supporting member for supporting optical member and second elastic supporting member for supporting optical member are set, the first piston and second piston, pressure at both sides are produced the effect of playing buffering of moving because of changing, avoid when two piston pressure at both sides change suddenly, piston position produces suddenly and changes, and then cause the braking cylinder pressure sudden change, and cause the unexpected variation of braking force, for the gradual braking that guarantees train helps out.
First elastic supporting member for supporting optical member and second elastic supporting member for supporting optical member can adopt multiple scheme, for example, can be spring, elastic metal sheet profiled member, elastic fibre bar profiled member etc., preferably adopt spring in the present embodiment as first elastic supporting member for supporting optical member and second elastic supporting member for supporting optical member.
First elastic supporting member for supporting optical member can be consistent to the pressure direction of first piston with train mouth of pipe place cavity to the elastic force direction of first piston, perhaps also can be inconsistent.Then for first piston, the left side is the pressure in the supplementary reservoir, and the right side is elastic force and train tube pressure.By the size of control elastic force, in the time of can making train tube pressure be slightly larger than pressure in the supplementary reservoir, by the train pipe to the supplementary reservoir air feed.
On the basis of the foregoing description, further, a side that deviates from second cavity 122 at second piston 17 forms the 4th cavity 124 of isolating with the 3rd cavity 123, with the 4th cavity 124 and second cavity, 122 mutual seal isolation, and the 4th cavity 124 is connected with the 3rd cavity 123, can be at the 4th cavity 124 owing to when the mobile extruding of second piston 17 and reduced volume, guarantee that the pressure of the 4th cavity 124 can significantly not increase.Mode below perhaps adopting: second piston 17 is provided with air extractor vent 19, second cavity 122 and the 4th cavity 124 be by air extractor vent 19 conductings, and this mode is by guaranteeing the 4th cavity 124 and being communicated with of second cavity 122 that the 4th cavity 124 can not rise rapidly by pressure when the volume-diminished.
The purpose of such scheme is, when second piston when the 4th cavity side moves, gas produces resistance of motion because of compression to second piston in the 4th cavity, therefore the 4th cavity is connected with the 3rd cavity, perhaps the 4th cavity is connected with second cavity by air extractor vent, the gas of the 4th cavity can be discharged, thus evenly stressed when second piston is moved, make piston moving location more accurate.
In actual applications, be provided with sealing member at first piston and valve base, second piston and valve base, air exhaust rod and valve base bonded assembly position, to guarantee the air-tightness in each parts moving process, the sealing part can be various ways, for example, can be seal ring, rubber pad, be not limited to present embodiment.
As shown from the above technical solution, the distributing valve that is used for the high-speed train braking system provided by the invention is simple in structure, volume is small and exquisite, therefore easy for installation when using, be easy to safeguard and maintenance, and this distributing valve functional reliability height, action response time be short, be quick on the draw, therefore can satisfy fully high speed train particularly the emergency brake system of motor train unit to the technical requirements of distributing valve.
When train needs glancing impact, distributing valve is worked under braking mode, and when train was removed or weakened brake action, distributing valve was worked under relieved state.So distributing valve has two kinds of mode of operations, i.e. braking mode and relieved state below are introduced the working process of distributing valve under these two kinds of situations respectively.
The first, braking mode.
When train needs glancing impact, artificial or power operated control train tube pressure reduces, for example artificially the train pipe is exitted, at this moment, first piston is arranged in the end face of train mouth of pipe place cavity, the gaseous tension that is right side one side reduces, because it is contiguous during the first piston balance with the inflation shrinkage cavity, so when the pressure decay of right side, first piston can be under the effect of supplementary reservoir gaseous tension, the application force that overcomes the train tube pressure and first elastic supporting member for supporting optical member moves right, and closes the inflation shrinkage cavity, and gas is no longer given the supplementary reservoir air feed in the train pipe.
When train tube pressure further reduces, piston moves right continuing, and at this moment, an end of air exhaust rod contacts with second piston, thereby closes exhaust valve port, closes the communication paths between brake cylinder and the atmosphere, and the braking gas in the jar is no longer discharged from exhaust outlet.
Simultaneously, air exhaust rod will promote second piston and overcome the application force of second elastic supporting member for supporting optical member, open intake valve port, and then to the brake cylinder air feed, the braking cylinder pressure increases gas, thereby provides braking force to train by intake valve port in the supplementary reservoir.
When supplementary reservoir behind the brake cylinder air feed, the pressure of supplementary reservoir can descend gradually, the first piston and second piston all will be moved to the left thereupon, the final plant closure intake valve port, this moment, the pressure of supplementary reservoir no longer descended, and first piston will be in the dynamical equilibrium position, and exhaust valve port is still closed, brake-cylinder pressure had both no longer increased and had not also reduced, and braking force no longer changes.
When needs increased braking force, train tube pressure can continue downward decompression, and first piston will be broken present stress balance state, begin to move right, and open intake valve port once more, and supplementary reservoir is again to the brake cylinder air feed, thereby increased certain braking force.After pressure in supplementary reservoir and the brake cylinder is approaching once more, make second piston move to left, close intake valve port.
Supplementary reservoir is a dynamic process to the brake cylinder air feed with the process that improves braking force, in this process, promoting second piston by first piston moves to right, open intake valve port, make the supplementary reservoir internal pressure descend, the brake cylinder internal pressure rises, and second chamber pressure that just is communicated with supplementary reservoir descends, the 3rd chamber pressure that is communicated with brake cylinder rises, and the chamber pressure of first piston left side connection supplementary reservoir descends simultaneously.After above-mentioned pressure variation, the first piston and second piston all are moved to the left and close intake valve port just.No longer change because intake valve port is closed each cavity internal pressure of back, so first piston can not be moved to the left again, just exhaust valve port can not opened.
The second, relieved state
Remove or weaken brake action when train, when relieved state move, train tube pressure will rise, and first piston will be broken the stress balance state, be moved to the left, and open exhaust valve port immediately, brake gas in the jar and arrange to atmosphere by exhaust outlet.
Because this moment, the train tube pressure of first piston right-hand member rose, and the supplementary reservoir pressure of first piston left end does not change, so first piston will stay open the state of exhaust valve port, and intake valve port can not open, and brake-cylinder pressure will once be alleviated to zero.
After first piston continues to move to left end, will open the inflation shrinkage cavity, first cavity will be once more by inflating shrinkage cavity to the supplementary reservoir air feed.Each parts is got back to initial state in the distributing valve.
The brake system that is used for the applicable a kind of high speed train of distributing valve of high-speed train braking system provided by the invention, this brake system comprises brake cylinder, supplementary reservoir and train pipe, also comprise the distributing valve that the embodiment of the invention provides, the train mouth of pipe is communicated with the train pipe, the supplementary reservoir mouth links to each other with supplementary reservoir, the brake cylinder mouth links to each other with brake cylinder, and exhaust outlet is communicated with atmosphere.
When this brake system was used as emergency brake system, this train mouth of pipe preferably was connected with the train pipe of breakdown locomotive.
The distributing valve that is used for the high-speed train braking system provided by the invention is mainly used in the brake system of high speed train, as the brake system of high speed train or as emergency brake system, as stand-by system the time, be used for the loopback and the rescue of train, make breakdown locomotive with by tow lift synchronized operation, and guarantee by effective braking of breakdown train.
Because domestic existing line locomotive of China and passenger vehicle are to adopt the brake of once alleviating basically at present, and distributing valve provided by the invention, can produce a graduated application and a mitigation, therefore can adapt to the requirement of high speed train, realize that the brake system that adopts on emergency brake system and the domestic existing line is compatible fully emergency brake system.
The train emergency brake system is mainly used in the situation of the loopback and the rescue of train, when train needs loopback and when rescue, breakdown locomotive is connected with relieved train, is drawn by breakdown train by breakdown locomotive, makes breakdown locomotive and by tow lift synchronized operation.
In rescue way, when the needs glancing impact, by emergency brake system to being braked by breakdown train.Distributing valve is finished by the conversion of brake cylinder between boosting of reducing pressure of breakdown train train pipe as the critical component in the emergency brake system, produces braking force to being braked by breakdown train by brake cylinder.
The distributing valve that is used for the high-speed train braking system of the present invention is particularly useful for high speed train, the brake system of motor train unit for example, the valve base of the distributing valve that is used for the high-speed train braking system that the embodiment of the invention provides by flange connection at car body, adopt plate dress flange face installation and design, be integrated into the brake system Pneumatic module with other Pneumatic component, install and maintenance with convenient.
When the brake system of high speed train was used as emergency brake system, this train mouth of pipe preferably was connected with the train pipe of breakdown locomotive.Above-mentioned high speed train has been simplified the structure of emergency brake system, when train needs loopback and rescue, can match with breakdown locomotive and finish rescue task, arrives the destination smoothly.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.