CN102114708A - Method and device for continuously preparing organic polymer optical fiber with refractive index gradually changing in radial direction - Google Patents
Method and device for continuously preparing organic polymer optical fiber with refractive index gradually changing in radial direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN102114708A CN102114708A CN2009102229993A CN200910222999A CN102114708A CN 102114708 A CN102114708 A CN 102114708A CN 2009102229993 A CN2009102229993 A CN 2009102229993A CN 200910222999 A CN200910222999 A CN 200910222999A CN 102114708 A CN102114708 A CN 102114708A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
- B29C48/37—Gear pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/49—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and device for continuously preparing organic polymer optical fiber with refractive index gradually changing in a radial direction. The method comprises the following steps of: placing n transparent organic polymer materials with different refractive indexes on n respective screw extruders for heating and melting; allowing the heated and melted materials to enter an inlet of each layer of a co-extruding die with n layers of coaxial rings respectively from an outlet of a respective organic polymer melt gear pump through the respective screw extruder and the organic polymer melt gear pump arranged at the outlet of the screw extruder, and synchronously extruding from respective outlet of the co-extruding die with n layers of coaxial rings to form a plurality of layers of concentric round rods; and stretching by using traction equipment to obtain the organic polymer optical fiber with n layers of refractive indexes gradually changing in the radial direction and a concentric cylinder structure. The reflective indexes of each layer of organic polymer material of organic polymer optical fiber are slightly different, and are in a gradually changing form. And no interface exists between the layers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the broadband access network field in the high-speed light communication network, particularly relate to a kind of serialization prepare refractive index radially the organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change (gradation type organic polymer optical fiber) method and be used to prepare the radially fibre-optic device of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index.
Background technology
The modern optical communication just develops to high speed, big capacity direction with the speed of advancing by leaps and bounds.The backbone of optical communication has been laid by glass optical fiber and has been finished.But still bear by copper cable at LAN.Because the transmission bandwidth of copper cable is low, has limited the real realization of communication highway.
The refractive index of mentioning among the present invention radially is the organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change, is commonly called as " gradation type organic polymer optical fiber ".Gradation type organic polymer optical fiber is gradual change owing to refractive index, thereby causes fibre-optic transmission bandwidth can reach more than 1000 megahertzes.The transmission bandwidth that surpasses copper cable fully.It is following fiber-to-the-home preferred medium.
Usually, the fibre-optic method of preparation gradation type organic polymer mostly can't realize serialization, and is therefore still blank on the industrial production magnitude.Existent method is to adopt at first to prepare the organic polymer prefabricated rods that refractive index radially is gradual change, and then this organic polymer prefabricated rods is carried out wire drawing, obtains gradation type organic polymer optical fiber.This method is similar to the preparation method of glass optical fiber.
Also have the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing to prepare gradation type organic polymer optical fiber, but general multi-layer co-extruded method does not solve the interface that forms between layer and the layer, this will cause the light loss consumption bigger than normal.In addition, the organic polymer amount that every extruder is extruded has fluctuation, and this can cause the fibre-optic index distribution of gradation type organic polymer undesirable, influences transmission bandwidth.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the defective that above technical scheme exists, thereby provide a kind of serialization to prepare the fibre-optic preparation method of organic polymer that refractive index radially is gradual change.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned purpose that realizes to be used to prepare the radially fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index.
The refractive index that the inventive method obtains radially is fibre-optic each layer of organic polymer of gradual change and all is made up of transparent organic copolymer or homopolymers material, differ very little though the refractive index of the fibre-optic every layer of organic polymer of organic polymer is different, be refractive index mind-set edge from fibre-optic and be the form (form of gradual change) that lowers gradually, and do not have the interface between layer and the layer.Because all each layers all with concentrically ringed structural design, therefore can obtain the organic polymer optical fiber that refractive index radially is gradual change.The number of plies is many more, and transmission bandwidth is big more
For gradation type (GI) the organic polymer optical fiber that can realize better that serialization prepares refractive index and radially is gradual change, method of the present invention is to prepare refractive index in serialization radially to realize on the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change, described serialization prepare refractive index radially the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change be between the inlet of the material outlet of single screw extrusion machine or double screw extruder and co-extrusion die head, the organic polymer smelt gear pump to be installed.Serialization prepare refractive index radially the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change can accurately control the material flow output, this device-the organic polymer smelt gear pump played the important function of stable fibre core fluctuation.The organic polymer smelt gear pump mainly is made up of two identical accurate gears of intermeshing design, has independent drive motors, ideally is a kind of positive displacement conveying equipment.The significant voltage regulation result of organic polymer smelt gear pump is extruded the organic polymer forming process strong technical guarantee is provided for realizing precision.Conventional single screw extrusion machine mainly finish material fusion, build and press and extrude, but because in the expressing technique process, being difficult to of the phenomenons such as pulsation of inhomogeneous, the machine barrel of organic polymer material feeding quantity and the fluctuation of head temperature, screw speed avoided, these all can cause the inhomogeneous of the organic polymer inventory extruded, fluctuating seriously in the fibre-optic fine footpath that causes drawing drawing, has influenced quality of fiber.
Serialization provided by the invention prepare refractive index radially the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change comprise screw extruder, organic polymer smelt gear pump, co-extrusion die head, pulling equipment and receipts silk equipment, as shown in Figure 1, have between the inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular at the material outlet and of screw extruder the organic polymer smelt gear pump is installed, the fiber pulling equipment is installed in outlet the place ahead of co-extrusion die head and receives silk equipment;
Described screw extruder is the n platform, and the material outlet of every screw extruder and the described n of having layer are with the organic polymer smelt gear pump all is installed between the inlet of the co-extrusion die head of core annular;
Above-mentioned n is 〉=4.
When described screw extruder n is 〉=4, the pairing n of having layer has identical n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, and the port of export of the organic polymer smelt gear pump of each screw extruder is separately corresponding to having each layer inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular.
Described organic polymer smelt gear pump is made up of two identical pitch wheels, and this pitch wheel is connected with drive motors.
Described screw extruder is single screw extrusion machine or double screw extruder.
Serialization provided by the invention prepare refractive index radially the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change by the organic polymer material in screw extruder separately behind the heating and melting, screw extruder by is separately extruded synchronously through the outlet separately with each layer of the co-extrusion die head of core annular respectively, after the head outlet of co-extrusion die head, and stretch through pulling equipment (as hauling machine), the refractive index that obtains the concentric cylinder sandwich construction is the organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change radially.
Prepare the radially organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change of n layer refractive index as need, at first then need prepare n platform screw extruder, the material outlet end of every screw extruder connects an organic polymer smelt gear pump.The port of export of n platform organic polymer smelt gear pump is connected on the same co-extrusion die head with the core annular.The column type organic polymer pole that comes out from the co-extrusion die head with the core annular stretches, receives silk through receiving the silk machine again through hauling machine, and the refractive index that obtains n layer structure is the organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change radially.
Serialization of the present invention prepares the radially fibre-optic method of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index.
After the transparent organic polymer material that the n kind is had a different refractivity places n platform screw extruder heating and melting separately respectively, respectively by screw extruder separately and the organic polymer smelt gear pump of installing in the screw extruder exit, enter one respectively by the outlet of separately organic polymer smelt gear pump and have of the import of n layer with each layer of the co-extrusion die head of core annular, and extrude synchronously with the outlet separately of the co-extrusion die head of core annular by having the n layer respectively, after the head outlet of co-extrusion die head, form multi-concentric pole, and stretch through pulling equipment (as hauling machine), what obtain concentric cylindrical structure has a radially organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change of n layer refractive index;
Wherein: the n kind has in the transparent organic polymer material of different refractivity the transparent organic polymer material of sandwich layer as ground floor and enters and have the center hole inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, the transparent organic polymer material of the second layer (adjacent ground floor) enters has the second layer inlet (adjacent ground floor) of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, the 3rd layer of (the adjacent second layer) transparent organic polymer material enters has the three layer inlet (the adjacent second layer) of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, and the 4th layer of (adjacent the 3rd layer) transparent organic polymer material enters has the four layer inlet (adjacent three layer) of n layer with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular; So analogize, the transparent organic polymer material of n layer (being close to the n-1 layer) enters has the n layer inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular.
Above-mentioned n 〉=4.
The described refractive index radially fibre-optic diameter of organic polymer of gradual change is 0.2mm～3mm.
Refractive index (the n of the described transparent organic polymer material of sandwich layer as ground floor
1) greater than the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of the second layer
2), the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of the second layer
2) greater than the refractive index (n of the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material
3), the refractive index (n of the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material
3) greater than the refractive index (n of the 4th layer of transparent organic polymer material
4); By that analogy, the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of n-1 layer
N-1) greater than the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of n layer
n); Be that variations in refractive index is n
1＞n
2＞n
3＞n
4...＞n
N-1＞n
nCan be according to the refringence of refractive index between radially the fibre-optic number of plies of organic polymer of gradual change is determined every layer of preparation.
The transparent organic polymer material of described sandwich layer as ground floor is selected from transparent organic polymer material, for example is selected from a kind of in the binary of polymethylacrylic acid anthracene methyl esters, polymethyl acid phenenyl ester, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, Merlon and above-mentioned organic polymer or multiple copolymer etc.
The transparent organic polymer material of the described second layer is selected from transparent organic polymer or the copolymer that refractive index is lower than core material, for example is selected from a kind of in the binary of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acid phenenyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro propyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester and above-mentioned organic polymer or multiple copolymer etc.
Described the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material is selected from a kind of in the binary of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro propyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester and above-mentioned organic polymer or multiple copolymer etc.; When the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material was selected from copolymer material, the relative content of the fluorine material in the 3rd layer of transparent copolymer material will be higher than the relative content of the fluorine material in the transparent copolymer material of the second layer.
Described the 4th layer of transparent organic polymer material selected materials is identical with the 3rd layer material, just when the 4th layer of transparent organic polymer material is selected from copolymer material, the relative content of the fluorine material in the 4th layer of transparent copolymer material will be higher than the relative content of the 3rd layer of fluorine material in the transparent copolymer material.
By that analogy, the transparent organic polymer material selected materials of n layer is identical with the transparent organic polymer material of n-1 layer, just when the transparent organic polymer material of n layer was selected from copolymer material, the relative content of the fluorine material in the n layer transparent copolymer material will be higher than the relative content of the fluorine material in the n-1 layer transparent copolymer material (that is: the relative content of the fluorine material before the relative content of the fluorine material in each layer copolymer material will be higher than in the copolymer material of one deck).
The common refractive index radially organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change is finished by substep, the continuous multi-layer co-extruded technology that the present invention proposes, and be combined with the choose reasonable of organic polymeric material, avoid layer and the interface that layer forms, reduced the radially fibre-optic loss of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index.Because continuous coextruded layer of the present invention is at least four layers, the number of plies is The more the better, can increase difficulty of processing and influence the processing precise degree but the number of plies is many, this is because the rheological property difference of different plant species, cause refractive index radially the fibre-optic production of organic polymer of gradual change be difficult to accurate control, for overcoming this problem, the present invention has finished the radially fibre-optic accurate control of organic polymer of gradual change of production refractive index by add quantitatively control equipment (organic polymer smelt gear pump) on every used screw extruder.
Advantage of the present invention is between the outlet of screw extruder and the inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular the organic polymer smelt gear pump to be installed, material is by behind the organic polymer smelt gear pump, the fluctuation of upstream be can weaken significantly, voltage stabilizing and quantitative effect played.The material of each layer is by the quantitative and stable co-extrusion pipe die head of sending into the core annular, after the refractive index that traction the obtains required size organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change radially.
Method of the present invention can a step be finished the radially fibre-optic preparation of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index, can accurately control the radially fibre-optic production of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index, can realize producing in batches the radially organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change of refractive index.Serialization of the present invention prepares the radially fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index, by on traditional screw extruder, adding quantitatively control equipment, can finish the radially fibre-optic accurate control of organic polymer of gradual change of production refractive index, reached and improved the radially fibre-optic quality of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index, lowered (fibre core fluctuates less than 2%) as the fluctuation of core diameter.Satisfy the radially fibre-optic requirement of organic polymer of gradual change of communication level refractive index.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1. the transparent organic polymer material that is selected different refractivity is the organic polymer material that belongs to the combined polymerization of same kind, and therefore compatibility is good between layer and the layer, does not have tangible interface, can reduce the loss that causes owing to the interface greatly.
2. the transparent organic polymer material with selected different refractivity enters screw extruder out of order, just can prepare the gradation type organic polymer fiber that change of refractive reduces gradually to the edge or raises gradually from the center of fiber.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. serialization of the present invention prepares the radially fibre-optic composite set schematic diagram of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index.
Reference numeral
A. single screw extrusion machine B. organic polymer smelt gear pump C. co-extrusion die head
D. hauling machine E. receives silk equipment
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Be used to prepare refractive index radially gradual change the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer as shown in Figure 1, comprise single screw extrusion machine A, organic polymer smelt gear pump B, co-extrusion die head C, hauling machine D and receive a silk equipment E.
Have 4 layers at the material outlet and of four single screw extrusion machine A and the organic polymer smelt gear pump B that is made up of two identical pitch wheels is installed separately between with the inlet of the co-extrusion die head C of core annular respectively, and described pitch wheel is connected with drive motors; (four single screw extrusion machines link to each other with four organic polymer smelt gear pumps respectively the port of export of four organic polymer smelt gear pumps corresponding to having 4 layers of each layer inlet with the co-extrusion die head C of core annular separately, the outlet of four organic polymer smelt gear pumps is connected with the coextrusion die head of the same core annular with 4 layers of import respectively), fiber hauling machine D is installed in outlet the place ahead of co-extrusion die head C and receives silk equipment E.
At first 4 kinds of high polymer master batches are placed four single screw extrusion machines respectively, wherein polymethyl methacrylate is core material (ground floor), the transparent copolymer of three kinds of different refractivities (copolymer of methyl methacrylate/trifluoroethyl methacrylate) places other screw extruder respectively, be close to the second layer that is of central core, being close to the second layer is the 3rd layer, be close to the 3rd layer be the 4th layer.Wherein the transparent copolymer of the second layer is made up of the methyl methacrylate of 80wt% and the trifluoroethyl methacrylate of 20wt%, the 3rd layer copolymer is made up of the methyl methacrylate of 70wt% and the trifluoroethyl methacrylate of 30wt%, and the 4th layer copolymer is made up of the methyl methacrylate of 60wt% and the trifluoroethyl methacrylate of 40wt%.
The single screw extrusion machine of ground floor material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that second layer material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that trilaminate material is housed: the material extrusion ratio (weight ratio) that the single screw extrusion machine of the 4th layer material is housed is 1: 1.2: 1.4: 1.6.
Above-mentioned 4 kinds of transparent high polymer materials with different refractivity are respectively in screw extruder separately after heating (190 ℃-230 ℃) fusion, screw extruder by separately and the organic polymer smelt gear pump installed in the screw extruder exit respectively enter one respectively by the outlet of separately organic polymer smelt gear pump and have 4 layers of import with each layer of the co-extrusion die head of core annular; And extrude synchronously by having 4 layers of outlet separately respectively with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, after the head outlet of co-extrusion die head, form 4 layers of concentric pole, and stretch through pulling equipment, the refractive index that obtains diameter and be the fibrous concentric cylindrical structure of 1mm is the organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change radially; Fibre-optic refractive index is gradual change along the center to the edge of fiber, layer with layer between do not have tangible interface.The fibre core fluctuation is less than 2%
Wherein: enter as the core material of ground floor in above-mentioned 4 kinds of transparent high polymer materials with different refractivity and have 4 layers of center holes inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, second layer material enters has 4 layers of second layer inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, trilaminate material enters has 4 layers of the 3rd layer of inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, and the 4th layer material enters has 4 layers of the 4th layer of inlet with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular.
Embodiment 2
Be used to prepare refractive index radially gradual change the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer as shown in Figure 1, comprise single screw extrusion machine A, organic polymer smelt gear pump B, co-extrusion die head C, hauling machine D and receive a silk equipment E.
Have 5 layers at the material outlet and of five single screw extrusion machine A and the organic polymer smelt gear pump B that is made up of two identical pitch wheels is installed separately between with the inlet of the co-extrusion die head C of core annular respectively, and described pitch wheel is connected with drive motors; (five single screw extrusion machines link to each other with five organic polymer smelt gear pumps respectively the port of export of five organic polymer smelt gear pumps corresponding to having 5 layers of each layer inlet with the co-extrusion die head C of core annular separately, the outlet of five organic polymer smelt gear pumps is connected with the coextrusion die head of the same core annular with 5 layers of import respectively), fiber hauling machine D is installed in outlet the place ahead of co-extrusion die head C and receives silk equipment E.
At first 5 kinds of high polymer master batches are placed five single screw extrusion machines respectively, wherein the polymethyl acid phenenyl ester is core material (ground floor), polymethyl methacrylate is second layer material (being close to sandwich layer), the copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester places other three screw extruders respectively successively, being close to the second layer is the 3rd layer, be close to the 3rd layer be the 4th layer, be close to the 4th layer for layer 5.Wherein the 3rd layer transparent copolymer is made up of the methyl methacrylate of 80wt% and the methacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester of 20wt%, the 4th layer copolymer is made up of the methyl methacrylate of 70wt% and the methacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester of 30wt%, and the copolymer of layer 5 is made up of the methyl methacrylate of 60wt% and the methacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester of 40wt%.
The single screw extrusion machine of ground floor material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that second layer material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that trilaminate material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that the 4th layer material is housed: the material extrusion ratio (weight ratio) that the single screw extrusion machine of layer 5 material is housed is 1: 1.2: 1.4: 1.6: 1.8.
Above-mentioned 5 kinds of transparent high polymer materials with different refractivity are respectively in screw extruder separately after heating (190 ℃-230 ℃) fusion, screw extruder by separately and the organic polymer smelt gear pump installed in the screw extruder exit respectively enter one respectively by the outlet of separately organic polymer smelt gear pump and have 5 layers of import with each layer of the co-extrusion die head of core annular; And extrude synchronously by having 5 layers of outlet separately respectively with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, after the head outlet of co-extrusion die head, form 5 layers of concentric pole, and stretch through pulling equipment, the refractive index that obtains diameter and be the fibrous concentric cylindrical structure of 1.0mm is the organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change radially; Fibre-optic refractive index is gradual change along the center to the edge of fiber, layer with layer between do not have tangible interface.The fibre core fluctuation is less than 2%
Wherein: enter as the core material of ground floor in above-mentioned 5 kinds of transparent high polymer materials with different refractivity and have 5 layers of center holes inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, second layer material enters has 5 layers of second layer inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, trilaminate material enters has 5 layers of the 3rd layer of inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, the 4th layer material enters has 5 layers of the 4th layer of inlet with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular, and the layer 5 material enters has 5 layers of layer 5 inlet with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular.
Embodiment 3
Be used to prepare refractive index radially gradual change the fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer as shown in Figure 1, comprise single screw extrusion machine A, organic polymer smelt gear pump B, co-extrusion die head C, hauling machine D and receive a silk equipment E.
Have 6 layers at the material outlet and of six single screw extrusion machine A and the organic polymer smelt gear pump B that is made up of two identical pitch wheels is installed separately between with the inlet of the co-extrusion die head C of core annular respectively, and described pitch wheel is connected with drive motors; (six single screw extrusion machines link to each other with six organic polymer smelt gear pumps respectively the port of export of six organic polymer smelt gear pumps corresponding to having 6 layers of each layer inlet with the co-extrusion die head C of core annular separately, the outlet of six organic polymer smelt gear pumps is connected with the coextrusion die head of the same core annular with 6 layers of import respectively), fiber hauling machine D is installed in outlet the place ahead of co-extrusion die head C and receives silk equipment E.
At first 6 kinds of high polymer master batches are placed six single screw extrusion machines respectively, wherein polystyrene is core material (ground floor), the polymethyl acid phenenyl ester is second layer material (being close to sandwich layer), polymethyl methacrylate is a trilaminate material (being close to the second layer), by the methyl methacrylate of 80wt% and the methacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester of 10wt% and the copolymer of 10wt% methacrylic acid trifluoro propyl ester is the 4th layer material (being close to the 3rd layer), the copolymer of being made up of the methacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester of the methyl methacrylate of 70wt% and 30wt% is layer 5 material (being close to the 4th layer), and the copolymer of being made up of the trifluoroethyl methacrylate of the methacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester of the methyl methacrylate of 60wt% and 30wt% and 10wt% is layer 6 material (being close to layer 5).
The single screw extrusion machine of ground floor material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that second layer material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that trilaminate material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that the 4th layer material is housed: the single screw extrusion machine that the layer 5 material is housed: the material extrusion ratio (weight ratio) that the single screw extrusion machine of layer 6 material is housed is 0.8: 1.0: 1.2: 1.4: 1.6: 1.8.
Above-mentioned 6 kinds of transparent high polymer materials with different refractivity are respectively in screw extruder separately after heating (190 ℃-230 ℃) fusion, screw extruder by separately and the organic polymer smelt gear pump installed in the screw extruder exit respectively enter one respectively by the outlet of separately organic polymer smelt gear pump and have 6 layers of import with each layer of the co-extrusion die head of core annular; And extrude synchronously by having 6 layers of outlet separately respectively with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, after the head outlet of co-extrusion die head, form 6 layers of concentric pole, and stretch through pulling equipment, the refractive index that obtains diameter and be the fibrous concentric cylindrical structure of 1.0mm is the organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change radially; Fibre-optic refractive index is gradual change along the center to the edge of fiber, layer with layer between do not have tangible interface.The fibre core fluctuation is less than 2%
Wherein: enter as the core material of ground floor in above-mentioned 6 kinds of transparent high polymer materials with different refractivity and have 6 layers of center holes inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, second layer material enters has 6 layers of second layer inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, trilaminate material enters has 6 layers of the 3rd layer of inlet with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, the 4th layer material enters has 6 layers of the 4th layer of inlet with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular, the layer 5 material enters has 6 layers of layer 5 inlet with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular, and the layer 6 material enters has 6 layers of layer 6 inlet with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular.
Claims (9)
1. a serialization prepares the radially fibre-optic method of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index, it is characterized in that:
After the transparent organic polymer material that the n kind is had a different refractivity places n platform screw extruder heating and melting separately respectively, respectively by screw extruder separately and the organic polymer smelt gear pump of installing in the screw extruder exit, enter one respectively by the outlet of separately organic polymer smelt gear pump and have of the import of n layer with each layer of the co-extrusion die head of core annular, and extrude synchronously with the outlet separately of the co-extrusion die head of core annular by having the n layer respectively, after the head outlet of co-extrusion die head, form multi-concentric pole, and stretch through pulling equipment, what obtain concentric cylindrical structure has a radially organic polymer optical fiber of gradual change of n layer refractive index;
Wherein: the n kind has in the transparent organic polymer material of different refractivity the transparent organic polymer material of sandwich layer as ground floor and enters and have the center hole inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, the transparent organic polymer material of the second layer enters has the second layer inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material enters has the three layer inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, and the 4th layer of transparent organic polymer material enters has the four layer inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion pipe die head of core annular; So analogize, the transparent organic polymer material of n layer enters has the n layer inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular;
Above-mentioned n 〉=4.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described refractive index radially fibre-optic diameter of organic organic polymer of gradual change is 0.2mm～3mm.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the refractive index (n of the described transparent organic polymer material of sandwich layer as ground floor
1) greater than the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of the second layer
2), the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of the second layer
2) greater than the refractive index (n of the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material
3), the refractive index (n of the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material
3) greater than the refractive index (n of the 4th layer of transparent organic polymer material
4); By that analogy, the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of n-1 layer
N-1) greater than the refractive index (n of the transparent organic polymer material of n layer
n); Be that variations in refractive index is n
1＞n
2＞n
3＞n
4＞n
N-1＞n
n
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: the transparent organic polymer material of described sandwich layer as ground floor is selected from a kind of in the binary of polymethylacrylic acid anthracene methyl esters, polymethyl acid phenenyl ester, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, Merlon and above-mentioned organic polymer or the multiple copolymer;
The transparent organic polymer material of the described second layer is selected from a kind of in the binary of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acid phenenyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro propyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester and above-mentioned organic polymer or the multiple copolymer;
Described the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material is selected from a kind of in the binary of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro propyl ester, polymethylacrylic acid five fluorine propyl ester and above-mentioned organic polymer or the multiple copolymer; When the 3rd layer of transparent organic polymer material was selected from copolymer material, the relative content of the fluorine material in the 3rd layer of transparent copolymer material will be higher than the relative content of the fluorine material in the transparent copolymer material of the second layer;
Described the 4th layer of transparent organic polymer material selected materials is identical with the 3rd layer material, just when the 4th layer of transparent organic polymer material is selected from copolymer material, the relative content of the fluorine material in the 4th layer of transparent copolymer material will be higher than the relative content of the 3rd layer of fluorine material in the transparent copolymer material;
By that analogy, the transparent organic polymer material selected materials of n layer is identical with the transparent organic polymer material of n-1 layer, just when the transparent organic polymer material of n layer was selected from copolymer material, the relative content of the fluorine material in the n layer transparent copolymer material will be higher than the relative content of the fluorine material in the n-1 layer transparent copolymer material.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described organic polymer smelt gear pump is made up of two identical pitch wheels, and this pitch wheel is connected with drive motors.
6. a serialization prepares the radially fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index, and it comprises screw extruder, organic polymer smelt gear pump, co-extrusion die head, pulling equipment and receipts silk equipment; It is characterized in that:
Have between the inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular at the material outlet and of screw extruder the organic polymer smelt gear pump is installed, the fiber pulling equipment is installed in outlet the place ahead of co-extrusion die head and receives silk equipment;
Described screw extruder is the n platform, and the material outlet of every screw extruder and the described n of having layer are with organic organic polymer smelt gear pump all is installed between the inlet of the co-extrusion die head of core annular; Above-mentioned n is 〉=4.
7. serialization according to claim 6 prepares the radially fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index, it is characterized in that: when described screw extruder n is 〉=4, the pairing n of having layer has identical n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular, and the port of export of the organic polymer smelt gear pump of each screw extruder is separately corresponding to having each layer inlet of n layer with the co-extrusion die head of core annular.
8. prepare the radially fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index according to claim 6 or 7 described serializations, it is characterized in that: described organic polymer smelt gear pump is made up of two identical pitch wheels, and this pitch wheel is connected with drive motors.
9. prepare the radially fibre-optic composite set of organic polymer of gradual change of refractive index according to claim 6 or 7 described serializations, it is characterized in that: described screw extruder is single screw extrusion machine or double screw extruder.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106476237A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-03-08 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of graded index profile polymer optical fiber preparation facilities |
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Application publication date: 20110706 |