CN102113699A - Device and method for drying food by supercritical carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Device and method for drying food by supercritical carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN102113699A CN102113699A CN 201010565950 CN201010565950A CN102113699A CN 102113699 A CN102113699 A CN 102113699A CN 201010565950 CN201010565950 CN 201010565950 CN 201010565950 A CN201010565950 A CN 201010565950A CN 102113699 A CN102113699 A CN 102113699A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for drying food by supercritical carbon dioxide. In a device consisting of a carbon dioxide steel cylinder, a purifier, a refrigerating system, a high-pressure pump, a heater, a drying chamber, a drying agent reaction chamber, a carrying agent storage tank, a pump and a valve, fresh food materials are sliced into slices, the slices are put on a stainless steel screen mesh of the drying chamber, and the drying chamber is sealed; and dried carbon dioxide is introduced to the drying chamber, and is heated under the pressure, so that the carbon dioxide is in the supercritical state to dry the food. The device is suitable for drying vegetables and fruit slices (carrot slices, potato slices, apple slices and the like), and is also suitable for drying fillets. The device and the method have the advantages of simple process flow, high drying efficiency and high quality of products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of apparatus and method of supercritical carbon dioxide dried foods
Background technology
The purpose of food drying is in order to reduce water activity, to prevent that it is putrid and deteriorated, prolonging shelf life on the one hand; Be in order to reduce the weight and volume of product, to be convenient to storage and transportation on the other hand.Different drying means also may destroy the microstructure of food when bringing a lot of benefits to food, thereby aspects such as food value, storage-stable, matter structure, physicochemical characteristic and transportation characterization are produced significant effects.Therefore, dried foods and keep its better quality is a urgent problem in the current food drying research fast and economically, also is the challenge of a maximum in the dry technology research and development.
Traditional heated-air drying length consuming time, speed is slow, energy consumption is big, and drying food has low-porosity and high density, and microstructure is damaged, so heated-air drying all can produce adverse influence to the qualities such as color, smell and taste, matter structure and nutritive value of food.Although microwave drying, freeze drying and heat pump drying etc. can replace traditional heated-air drying, all are desirable every-way without any a kind of method.For example microwave drying can be accelerated rate of drying, but restive mass transfer velocity, thus the microstructure of destruction food; Freeze drying has protective effect to the microstructure of food, but its energy consumption is big, the cost height.Therefore, expect that a kind of new drying method is applied to food industry.
The supercritical carbon dioxide drying is to utilize a kind of new drying method of the special nature exploitation of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.This drying means is compared with other drying means, have significant advantage: it is dry that (1) dry run belongs to extraction, in the process of deviating from moisture or other solvent, owing to rebulid carbon dioxide and the phase equilibrium relationship that is removed material, the remaining material that is removed can be shifted out material to greatest extent; (2) do not have surface tension under the super critical condition, there is not the change (as subsiding of duct etc.) of the microstructure that causes because of the effect of capillary sheet surface tension in the material that is dried; (3) supercritical carbon dioxide has good diffusivity, can be diffused into food inside quickly, the moisture in the extraction food, and the extraction dry run only needs several hrs, shortens arid cycle greatly; (4) carbon dioxide is a kind of inert gas, and to food security and pollution-free, and the also more traditional drying means of the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide drying is low, farthest the nutritional labeling of retaining food product.
Summary of the invention
The apparatus and method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide dried foods, design one cover is applicable to the supercritical carbon dioxide drying device of dried foods, and be applied to the drying of food, to overcome the deficiency of some other dry technology, improve product quality.
Device of the present invention, by carbon dioxide steel cylinder, clarifier, refrigeration system, high-pressure pump, heater, hothouse, the drier reative cell, carry the agent basin, pump, valve is formed, carbon dioxide steel cylinder and clarifier I, flowmeter connects, be provided with valve I between carbon dioxide steel cylinder and the clarifier I, clarifier I and refrigeration system, high-pressure pump, clarifier II, heater I connects, be provided with valve II between clarifier II and the heater I, be connected with heater I by valve III again after carrying the agent basin and pump being connected, heater I is connected with hothouse, hothouse is provided with valve IV, valve V, Pressure gauge, hothouse and heater II, the drier reative cell connects, be provided with valve VI between hothouse and the heater II, the drier reative cell is provided with valve VII and Pressure gauge, the drier reative cell is connected with flowmeter by valve VIII, in hothouse, place a stainless steel guide frame, the size of steel wire rack and the number of plies can specifically be determined according to the size of hothouse, stainless steel wire sets up the stainless steel cloth of some, every layer of stainless steel cloth be by two-layer composition up and down, and two-layer up and down centre is used for placing and fixing food material.
Method of the present invention: before drying begins, at first opening refrigeration system is reduced to the temperature of cooling device recirculated water about 0 ℃, heater I rises to 35 ℃～60 ℃ with the temperature of hothouse, and heater II rises to 30 ℃～45 ℃ with the temperature of drier reative cell; Then fresh food material is thinly sliced, placed the stainless steel wire of hothouse online, then the hermetically drying chamber; Open valve I, valve II, valve-off III, valve VI feed dry carbon dioxide in hothouse, open valve V, valve-off V behind the interior residual air of discharge hothouse; By high-pressure pump the pressure of hothouse is raised to 10MPa～45MPa then; Open valve VI, valve VIII, valve-off VII, dry run begins, and in dry run, keeps the hothouse constant compression force by high-pressure pump; The moisture that supercritical carbon dioxide carries in the food material enters the drier reative cell from hothouse, control the pressure of drier reative cell between 6MPa～8MPa by by-pass valve control VIII, make moisture and carbon dioxide separation, the moisture that drier absorption supercritical carbon dioxide carries, make carbon dioxide recover drying regime, Gan Zao carbon dioxide enters among the clarifier I recycling by flowmeter then; When being dried to 3h～8h, the dry end, valve-off II, valve III and valve VI open the slow release of valve V, and food material takes out from hothouse, vacuumizes to pack with the laminated film vacuum packaging bag to be drying product; Drier can carry out regeneration by heated-air drying.In order to increase drying efficiency, in dry run,, open valve III by carrying agent basin and pump, in hothouse, add and carry agent such as ethanol, acetone equal solvent.
The present invention both had been applicable to the drying of vegetables and fruit slice (carrot slice, potato chips, apple flakes etc.), also was applicable to the drying of fillet, and its advantage is: technological process is simple, drying efficiency height, superior product quality.
Fig. 1 is a structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is stainless steel wire shelf structure figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
The present invention has designed a cover and has been applicable to the supercritical carbon dioxide drying device of dried foods, and is applied to food drying, improves the product quality of dehydrated food, improves the technology content and the added value of product of food processing.
But water absorbing agents such as filling silica gel or molecular sieve in clarifier I3, clarifier II6 and drier reative cell 18 are to guarantee that the carbon dioxide that circulation enters in the hothouse 12 is a clean dry.Heater I and heater II can adopt jacket water (J.W.) circulation heating or electrical heating, are mainly used in temperature controlling in hothouse 12 and the drier reative cell 18.Place a stainless steel guide frame 23 (see figure 2)s in hothouse 12, the size of steel wire rack and the number of plies can specifically be determined according to the size of hothouse 12; Dash area is a stainless steel cloth 24 among Fig. 2, and every layer of stainless steel cloth 24 be by two-layer composition up and down, and two-layer up and down centre is used for placing and fixing food material.For the solubility that moisturizes in supercritical carbon dioxide, accelerate rate of drying, on drying device, increased and carried agent basin 12, add in hothouse 12 by pump 10 and carry agent such as ethanol, acetone etc.
Embodiment 1
Before drying begins, at first open refrigeration system the temperature of cooling device recirculated water is reduced to about 0 ℃, heater I8 rises to 50 ℃ with the temperature of hothouse 12, and heater II17 rises to 30 ℃ with the temperature of drier reative cell 18; Then carrot slice is cut into that 0.3cm is thick, the cylinder of diameter 3cm, is placed on the stainless steel cloth 24 of hothouse 12, the hermetically drying chamber 12 then; Open valve I2, valve II7, valve-off III11, valve VI16 feed dry carbon dioxide in hothouse 12, open valve V14, valve-off V14 behind the discharge hothouse 12 interior residual air; By high-pressure pump 5 pressure of hothouse 12 is raised to 20MPa then; Open valve VI16, valve VII21, valve-off VII20, dry run begins, and in dry run, keeps hothouse constant compression force 20MPa by high-pressure pump 5; The moisture that supercritical carbon dioxide carries in the food material enters drier reative cell 18 from hothouse 12, control the pressure of drier reative cell 18 at 6MPa by by-pass valve control VIII21, make moisture and carbon dioxide separation, the moisture that drier absorption supercritical carbon dioxide carries, make carbon dioxide recover drying regime, Gan Zao carbon dioxide enters among the clarifier I3 recycling by flowmeter 22 then; When being dried to 3h, the dry end, valve-off II7, valve III11 and valve VI16 open the slow release of valve V14, and dry carrot slice takes out from hothouse, vacuumizes to pack with the laminated film vacuum packaging bag to be the dry-making carrot sheet; Drier carries out regeneration by heated-air drying.
Embodiment 2
Before drying begins, at first open refrigeration system the temperature of cooling device recirculated water is reduced to about 0 ℃, heater I8 rises to 45 ℃ with the temperature of hothouse 12, and heater II17 rises to 30 ℃ with the temperature of drier reative cell 18; Tilapia Fillet is cut into 30mm * 30mm * 7mm (thick), is placed on the stainless steel cloth 24 of hothouse 12, the hermetically drying chamber 12 then; Open valve I2, valve II7, valve-off III11, valve VI16 feed dry carbon dioxide in hothouse 12, open valve V14, valve-off V14 behind the discharge hothouse 12 interior residual air; By high-pressure pump 5 pressure of hothouse 12 is raised to 25MPa then; Open valve VI16, valve VIII21, valve-off VII20, dry run begins, and in dry run, keeps hothouse constant compression force 25MPa by high-pressure pump 5; The moisture that supercritical carbon dioxide carries in the food material enters drier reative cell 18 from hothouse 12, control the pressure of drier reative cell 18 at 6MPa by by-pass valve control VIII21, make moisture and carbon dioxide separation, the moisture that drier absorption supercritical carbon dioxide carries, make carbon dioxide recover drying regime, Gan Zao carbon dioxide enters among the clarifier I3 recycling by flowmeter 22 then; When being dried to 6h, the dry end, valve-off II7, valve III11 and valve VI16 open the slow release of valve V14, and fillet take out from hothouse 12, vacuumize to pack with the laminated film vacuum packaging bag to be drying fillet; Drier can carry out regeneration by heated-air drying.
Claims (4)
1. the device of a supercritical carbon dioxide dried foods, by carbon dioxide steel cylinder, clarifier, refrigeration system, high-pressure pump, heater, hothouse, the drier reative cell, carry the agent basin, pump, compositions such as valve, it is characterized in that carbon dioxide steel cylinder (1) and clarifier I (3), flowmeter (22) connects, be provided with valve I (2) between carbon dioxide steel cylinder (1) and the clarifier I (3), clarifier I (3) and refrigeration system (4), high-pressure pump (5), clarifier II (6), heater I (8) connects, be provided with valve II (7) between clarifier II (6) and the heater I (8), be connected with heater I (8) by valve III (11) again after carrying agent basin (9) and pump (10) being connected, heater I (8) is connected with hothouse (12), hothouse (12) is provided with valve IV (13), valve V (14), Pressure gauge (15), hothouse (12) and heater II (17), drier reative cell (18) connects, be provided with valve VI (16) between hothouse (12) and the heater II (17), drier reative cell (18) is provided with valve VII (20) and Pressure gauge (19), drier reative cell (18) is connected with flowmeter (22) by valve VIII (21), in hothouse (12), place a stainless steel guide frame (23), the size of steel wire rack (23) and the number of plies can specifically be determined according to the size of hothouse (12), stainless steel guide frame (23) is provided with the stainless steel cloth (24) of some, every layer of stainless steel cloth (24) be by two-layer composition up and down, and two-layer up and down centre is used for placing and fixing food material.
2. the device of a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide dried foods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that water absorbing agent such as filling silica gel or molecular sieve in clarifier I (3), clarifier II (6) and drier reative cell (18), heater I and heater II adopt jacket water (J.W.) circulation heating or electrical heating.
3. the method for a supercritical carbon dioxide dried foods, it is characterized in that before drying begins, at first opening refrigeration system is reduced to the temperature of cooling device recirculated water about 0 ℃, heater I (8) rises to 35 ℃～60 ℃ with the temperature of hothouse (12), and heater II (17) rises to 30 ℃～45 ℃ with the temperature of drier reative cell (18); Then fresh food material is thinly sliced, placed on the stainless steel cloth (24) of hothouse (12) hermetically drying chamber (12) then; Open valve I (2), valve II (7), valve-off III (11), valve VI (16) feed dry carbon dioxide in hothouse (12), open valve V (14), valve-off V (14) behind the interior residual air of discharge hothouse (12); By high-pressure pump (5) pressure of hothouse (12) is raised to 10MPa～45MPa then; Open valve VI (16), valve VIII (21), valve-off VII (20), dry run begins, and in dry run, keeps the hothouse constant compression force by high-pressure pump (5); The moisture that supercritical carbon dioxide carries in the food material enters drier reative cell (18) from hothouse (12), control the pressure of drier reative cell (18) between 6MPa～8MPa by by-pass valve control VIII (21), make moisture and carbon dioxide separation, the moisture that drier absorption supercritical carbon dioxide carries, make carbon dioxide recover drying regime, Gan Zao carbon dioxide enters among the clarifier I (3) recycling by flowmeter (22) then; When being dried to 3h～8h, the dry end, valve-off II (7), valve III (11) and valve VI (16) open slowly release of valve V (14), food material takes out from hothouse (12), vacuumizes to pack with the laminated film vacuum packaging bag to be drying product; Drier can carry out regeneration by heated-air drying.In order to increase drying efficiency, in dry run,, open valve III (11) by carrying agent basin (9) and pump (10), in hothouse (12), add and carry agent such as ethanol, acetone equal solvent.
4. the method for a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide dried foods according to claim 3, it is characterized in that in dry run by carrying agent basin (9) and pump (10), open valve III (11), in hothouse (12), add and carry agent such as ethanol, acetone equal solvent.
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| CN2010105659500A CN102113699B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Device and method for drying food by supercritical carbon dioxide |
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| CN2010105659500A CN102113699B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Device and method for drying food by supercritical carbon dioxide |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104207311A (en) * | 2014-07-27 | 2014-12-17 | 湖南三箭自控科技有限公司 | Novel vegetable dewatering device and novel vegetable dewatering method |
| CN106804694A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-09 | 许昌学院 | A kind of ultrasonic overcritical lower temperature vacuum frying drying process of mushroom |
| CN107712042A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-02-23 | 安徽鑫泉米业有限公司 | A kind of multiple step format rice drying method |
| CN108030013A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-15 | 丹阳市三木果业有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich water fruit powder with tooth whitening |
| US10492507B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2019-12-03 | Cornell University | Process for improving shelf-life of fresh cut vegetables and food products produced thereby |
| CN112013632A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 河南科技大学 | Drying method |
| CN113108558A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-13 | 中昊光明化工研究设计院有限公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide drying device and drying method thereof |
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| CN1319418A (en) * | 2001-01-20 | 2001-10-31 | 广州美晨药业有限公司 | Supercritica CO2 extraction and separation method of effective components of curcumae longae rhizome |
| CN1597520A (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2005-03-23 | 大连理工大学 | Method of preparing nanometer magnesium oxide using uniform precipitation-supercritical carbon dioxide drying method |
| JP2009219474A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Hoshina Hideo Shoten:Kk | Method for producing dried persimmon, and device for producing dried persimmon |
Family Cites Families (2)
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| CN2589914Y (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-12-03 | 石油大学(北京) | Supercritical carbon dioxide drying equipment |
| CN201188863Y (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-02-04 | 中国农业大学 | Continuous carbon dioxide disinfecting device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1319418A (en) * | 2001-01-20 | 2001-10-31 | 广州美晨药业有限公司 | Supercritica CO2 extraction and separation method of effective components of curcumae longae rhizome |
| CN1597520A (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2005-03-23 | 大连理工大学 | Method of preparing nanometer magnesium oxide using uniform precipitation-supercritical carbon dioxide drying method |
| JP2009219474A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Hoshina Hideo Shoten:Kk | Method for producing dried persimmon, and device for producing dried persimmon |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104207311A (en) * | 2014-07-27 | 2014-12-17 | 湖南三箭自控科技有限公司 | Novel vegetable dewatering device and novel vegetable dewatering method |
| CN106804694A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-09 | 许昌学院 | A kind of ultrasonic overcritical lower temperature vacuum frying drying process of mushroom |
| US10492507B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2019-12-03 | Cornell University | Process for improving shelf-life of fresh cut vegetables and food products produced thereby |
| US11779028B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2023-10-10 | Cornell University | Process for improving shelf-life of fresh cut vegetables and food products produced thereby |
| CN107712042A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-02-23 | 安徽鑫泉米业有限公司 | A kind of multiple step format rice drying method |
| CN108030013A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-15 | 丹阳市三木果业有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich water fruit powder with tooth whitening |
| CN112013632A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 河南科技大学 | Drying method |
| CN113108558A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-13 | 中昊光明化工研究设计院有限公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide drying device and drying method thereof |
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