CN102109411B - Device for measuring motion state of any mass point of cylindrical helical spring under impact load - Google Patents
Device for measuring motion state of any mass point of cylindrical helical spring under impact load Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for measuring the motion state of any mass point of a cylindrical helical spring under an impact load. The device comprises a left inner tube and a right inner tube which are arranged at the two ends of a transition frame, wherein the other end of the left inner tube and the other end of the right inner tube are arranged on a left end cover and a right end cover respectively; a large mass block is arranged in the right inner tube; a small mass block in clearance fit with the large mass block is arranged in the large mass block; the transition frame is provided with a through hole through which the small mass block passes; the wall of the through hole is provided with a step for limiting the large mass block; and a sensor for detecting that mass points pass through the spring is arranged outside a left outer tube and is connected with a data analysis unit. The device can determine the displacement, speed and acceleration of any mass point at any time so as to quickly and effectively detect the performance parameters of the spring and facilitate improving the design and manufacturing quality of the spring, quickly and accurately measures the motion state, has a short period and low equipment cost, is easy to realize, can simulate different impact working conditions of the cylindrical helical spring in practical application, is flexible in use and has a wide application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of measuring the cylindrically coiled spring parameter, specifically refer to any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under a kind of shock load, be particularly suitable for the measurement of particle movement state arbitrarily under high speed impact of multiply spring.
Background technology
Cylindrically coiled spring has in industrial products and daily life quite widely and uses as the topmost a kind of version of spring.Cylindrically coiled spring has the branch of multiply spring and sub-thread spring again.The multiply spring is to be rolled by cable wire (carbon spring steel wires by 3～14 gangs of 0.4～3mm is entwined usually) to form.Compare with the sub-thread spring, stranded wire helical spring has better intensity and unique absorbing, effectiveness in vibration suppression, thereby it is the vital part of products such as aeromotor and automatic weapon.In addition, stranded wire helical spring also can be widely used in vibratory equipment (like vibratory screening apparatus, vibration disintegrating apparatus etc.), high precision table top and require very stably haulage vehicle etc., to replace traditional sub-thread metal spring and rubber spring.
Because the phase mutual friction in the course of the work of each of stranded wire helical spring strand steel wire has produced bigger nonlinear damping, have the ability that absorbs impact kinetic energy, so its significant advantage is that shock resistance is better, be easier to return to steady state (SS) from vibrational state; And the shear stress that each strand steel wire is produced under external load function is little, thereby stranded wire helical spring compares with the common sub-thread volute spring with section material, has higher intensity, and is longer in the following life-span of dynamic load effect.
In order better product to be designed and to make, be necessary to study the characteristics of motion of cylindrically coiled spring, to record the relation between each kinematic parameter of spring.Because it is more more complicated than sub-thread spring that the multiply spring manufactures and designs, its quality stability more cannot say for sure to demonstrate,prove.And designing quality and workmanship will directly influence the usability of equipment, and therefore as far as the multiply spring, more urgent hope can detect its performance parameter fast and effectively, be beneficial to the spring design and improve workmanship.
At present, domestic test detecting equipment to cylindrically coiled spring mainly contains two kinds: spring tension and compression testing machine, spring fatigue test machine.
Spring tension and compression testing machine is static measurement, when camber of spring, compression (stretching) amount and the deformation load of spring is measured.This kind equipment can only measuring spring total length variable quantity and the corresponding relation of the suffered external force of spring, can not measure on the spring axial length in the middle of the data such as displacement, speed, acceleration, stress, strain of particle arbitrarily.
Under low speed load, any movement velocity of particle on the spring, along spring shaft to being linear distribution; Force side displacement, speed maximum, stiff end displacement, speed are zero, therefore; Can detect and directly extrapolate stress, the strain of spring inner each point, and precision is also very high.
But; When an end of stranded wire helical spring receives high speed impact load; Because spring self has quality, inertia is arranged, its inner distortion situation is very complicated, and the translational speed of each particle no longer is linear distribution vertically on the spring; But with the form of compressional wave to the stiff end transmission, and can reflect at stiff end.At this moment, if still detect with existing spring tension and compression testing equipment, its error can be quite big, and testing result will can not meet the demands fully.
The spring fatigue test machine mainly is that various volute springs are carried out experiment on fatigue properties.Actual condition through the simulation spring; Length of spring compressed (stretching) is arrived the actual installation size; Carry out periodic high frequency tension and compression to spring failure or fracture according to the impulse stroke of spring; But this method can't obtain the mechanical characteristic and the change procedure thereof of spring inner, and the process experiment data can not be provided the further investigation of spring.
Hence one can see that, and present spring tension and compression testing machine and spring fatigue test machine all can only be measured the body force mathematic(al) parameter of spring macroscopically, can not detect the exercise data and the STRESS VARIATION situation of any particle on the spring steel wire particularly.Thereby can't know the actual loading situation of spring steel wire, especially at fast state.Though the spring that uses on the common mechanical equipment, its deformation velocity all belongs to low speed, and its distortion-Li value is concerned that it not is very accurate requiring, as long as its static mechanical characteristics meets the demands just passable.But the occasion that ask for something is very special, like quick distortion, under the high speed impact operating mode, it is very complicated that the deformation process of spring (comprising multiply spring and sub-thread spring) just becomes, and spring shaft is no longer equal to the stress of each particle, and difference is very big.Particularly for the multiply spring, the maximum stress cross section that calculates spring with theoretical method exactly is very difficult, this type spring is carried out intensity calculate and check very complicated.And this type spring is often used in the resetting-mechanism of aeromotor and automatic weapon of high technology content, and is higher to the reliability requirement of spring.Exactly because the detection method of high speed shape changeable propeller spring and the omission of equipment in the disclosed document, do not have the dynamic design of this type of spring theoretical at home and abroad, have hindered the research and development of spring to a certain extent.
Because the dynamic mechanics parameter of cylindrically coiled spring does not all have correlation test equipment and method detects, can only replace the high speed impact torture test with the torture test of low speed harmonic wave simply, can only obtain approximation fatigue lifetime, and error is very big.Can only carry out the live shell test accurate fatigue lifetime in order to obtain spring, not only with high costs, and the cycle is very long, efficient is extremely low, seriously restricted should technology development.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned deficiency to the prior art existence; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low cost, measure the device of cylindrically coiled spring motion state under the shock load fast; This device can obtain the kinematic parameter of any particle of cylindrically coiled spring, comprises displacement, speed and acceleration.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load; It comprises the interior right interior pipe of managing and be provided with mass in a left side of laying test spring and spring being led, and left interior pipe and right interior Guan Yiduan are installed in the transition frame right ends respectively; The pipe other end is installed on the left end cap in the left side, and the outer left outer tube of pipe is connected with transition frame left end cap in the left side through being enclosed within; The pipe other end is installed on the right end cap in right, and right end cap is connected with transition frame through being enclosed within the outer right outer tube of right interior pipe; In right, be provided with the big mass of clearance fit in the pipe; Big mass is provided with little mass mounting hole towards left inner tube; Be provided with the little mass of clearance fit in the little mass mounting hole; Right end cap is connected with qi of chong channel ascending adversely mechanism, and right end cap is provided with gas channel so that the air-flow of qi of chong channel ascending adversely mechanism can act on the big mass through gas channel; Transition frame is provided with and lets little mass through to impact the through hole of pipe inner spring in the left side, on through-hole wall, is provided with the limited step spacing to big mass; Axially equidistantly be provided with one at left outer tube outer left outer tube and list and index and survey the sensor that whether particle passes through on the spring, the output of all the sensors is connected with data analysis unit.
Each sensor is made up of the signal transmitting terminal and the signal receiving end that lay respectively at the axial both sides of left outer tube of pairing; Signal transmitting terminal and signal receiving end are installed on the sensor mount, in a left side, are respectively equipped with the signal via that lets signal pass through on pipe and the left outer tube.
The all the sensors side signal transmission is tangent with spring spring coil place circle to the face of confirming, so that sensor only detects the particle on the edge of spring coil, thus reduced data analytic unit analysis, processing procedure.
On big mass, be provided with the unloading hole of two symmetries, unloading hole communicates with little mass mounting hole.The purpose of unloading hole is to make the little mass two ends air pressure balance of trying one's best, the loss of speed when further reducing little mass and from big mass, going out, thus improve the speed that little mass impacts the multiply spring.Open the quality that unloading hole has reduced big mass in addition, the corresponding speed that just improves big mass has improved the speed that little mass impacts the multiply spring simultaneously.
On left end cap, be provided with threaded hole, be connected with the adjusting screw(rod) that is used for the installation testing spring on the threaded hole, the stiff end of test spring is installed or is against on the adjusting screw(rod) when test, and can regulating spring location status in the axial direction through adjusting screw(rod).On adjusting screw(rod), be provided with axially extending bore, disclose in axially extending bore with rod or analog from the outside, big mass and little mass are resetted.Axially extending bore also has the effect of off-load gas.
Said right outer tube, left outer tube and transition frame are installed on the pedestal.
The output of all the sensors is isolated the D/I plate through 24 road light successively and is connected with data analysis unit with 24 bit digital quantity I/O cards, and data analysis unit is connected with display, printer and keyboard respectively.Data analysis unit is also confirmed the time of this signals collecting through clock when receiving the sensor transmissions signal simultaneously.
This device can be confirmed any particle displacement, speed and acceleration at any time according to sensor output signal, thereby realizes the performance parameter of spring is detected fast and effectively, helps spring design improved and raising workmanship.This device is fit to all cylindrically coiled springs (comprising multiply spring and sub-thread spring), particularly detects the multiply spring under the very difficult high speed impact at present, and this research for the multiply spring is very helpful.This measurement device is quick, accurate, and the cycle is short, and equipment cost is lower, realizes easily.
This device can be realized different impact velocitys through the size of regulating air pressure and mass quality, and simulation cylindrically coiled spring different impact operating mode in practical application is used flexible, applied widely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-measurement mechanism mechanical part structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2-measurement mechanism overall framework figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3-big nested little mass composite junction the composition of mass.
Fig. 4-transition frame structural representation.
Fig. 5-sensor fixing structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 6-data processing synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7-measurement mechanism circuit part structural representation of the present invention.
The displacement-time curve figure of some particle on Fig. 8-spring.
Fig. 9-particle 5 position, speed and acceleration plots.
Figure 10-difference is the residing position curve figure of each spring coil constantly.
Figure 11-difference is the residing location state diagram of each spring coil constantly.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Referring to Fig. 1 (Fig. 1 only reflects this device for mechanical part); Any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load of the present invention; It comprises lays test spring 5 and to pipe 4 in the left side of length of spring compressed process guide with pipe 8 in mass right is set, in the left side pipe 4 right-hand members with right in pipe 8 left ends be installed in the left end and the right-hand member of transition frame 6 respectively.Pipe 4 left ends are installed on the left end cap 2 in the left side, and the outer left outer tube 3 of pipe is connected with transition frame 6 left end cap 2 in the left side through being enclosed within, and left outer tube 3 is fixing with transition frame 6 through bolt and left end cap 2 respectively.Pipe 8 right-hand members are installed on the right end cap 11 in right, and right end cap 11 is connected with transition frame 6 through being enclosed within the outer right outer tube 7 of right interior pipe, and right outer tube 7 is fixed with transition frame 6 through bolt and right end cap 11 respectively.Said right outer tube 7, left outer tube 3 and transition frame 6 are installed on the pedestal 12.
In right, be provided with the big mass 10 of clearance fit in the pipe 8, big mass 10 is provided with little mass mounting hole towards left inner tube, is provided with the little mass 9 of clearance fit in the little mass mounting hole.Transition frame 6 is provided with and lets little mass through to impact the through hole 13 of pipe inner spring in the left side, on through hole 13 walls, is provided with the limited step 14 spacing to big mass.Right end cap is connected with qi of chong channel ascending adversely mechanism, and right end cap is provided with gas channel so that the air-flow of qi of chong channel ascending adversely mechanism can act on the big mass through gas channel.Axially equidistantly be provided with one at left outer tube outer left outer tube and list and index and survey the spring sensor that whether particle passes through on the rear spring that is hit, the output of all the sensors is connected with data analysis unit.
On left end cap 2, be provided with threaded hole, be connected with the adjusting screw(rod) 1 that is used for the installation testing spring on the threaded hole, the stiff end of test spring 5 is installed or is against on the adjusting screw(rod) 1 when test, and can regulating spring initial position in the axial direction through adjusting screw(rod).On adjusting screw(rod) 1, be provided with axially extending bore 15, disclose in axially extending bore with rod or analog from the outside, big mass and little mass are resetted.Axially extending bore also has the effect of off-load gas.
Compare drop impact; Because horizontal impact not only can pass through to regulate pressure and governing speed, and has safe and reliable advantage, the most important thing is that the impact velocity of horizontal impact block stamp can reach 30 m/s; Much larger than the impact velocity of generally dropping hammer, so the present invention selects horizontal impact for use.
Fig. 2 is overall framework figure of the present invention, and wherein mark A is an air compressor, and B is a pneumatic triple piece, and C is a gas-holder, and D is a solenoid valve, and E is the device for mechanical part, promptly is equivalent to structure shown in Figure 1, and F is this device electronic section.Air compressor, pneumatic triple piece, gas-holder and solenoid valve promptly constitute existing qi of chong channel ascending adversely mechanism, for mass provides impulsive force.The pneumatic triple piece filtered air guarantees compressed-air actuated quality, and the pressure gas of different pressure is provided for gas-holder.For realizing the single bump of multiply spring, the selection solenoid valve is a gas control switch.Workflow is: air compressor A produces pressure gas; Gas gets into gas-holder C via pneumatic triple piece B; Can know pressure at this moment through tensimeter, solenoid valve D is the switch of pilot-gas, after solenoid valve D energising; Gas impacts big mass rapidly; By little mass shock-testing spring, calculate the characteristics of motion of spring any particle under the load that is hit at last through analyses such as sensor and data analysis unit, thereby can analyze the dynamic mechanical of (comprising multiply spring and sub-thread spring) of cylindrically coiled spring under the different impact at last.
In the impulse test process, because what uncertainty of right-hand member gas, the uncertainty of speed in the time of can causing mass to begin impact spring, thus influence the analysis result of shock-testing.Pure speed when beginning impact spring in order to obtain mass; This device adopts the composite structure of the nested little mass of big mass; As shown in Figure 3, guarantee clearance fit between the wherein big or small mass, so that little mass can be gone out smoothly from big mass left end hole.On big mass 10, be provided with some unloading holes 16, unloading hole communicates with little mass mounting hole.If big mass is cylindrical, unloading hole is in the circumference spaced at equal angles around so; If big mass is a rectangle, the unloading hole symmetric arrangement operates steadily with assurance so.Big mass is cylindrical among the embodiment, and unloading hole is two, is symmetrically distributed.The purpose of unloading hole is to make the little mass two ends air pressure balance of trying one's best, the loss of speed when further reducing little mass and from big mass, going out, thus improve the speed that little mass impacts the multiply spring.Open the quality that unloading hole has reduced big mass in addition, the corresponding speed that just improves big mass has improved the speed that little mass impacts the multiply spring simultaneously.In order to make big mass can more effectively accept gas shock, be provided with pit 17 at big mass 10 right-hand members.
The effect of transition frame is to support pipe in each pipeline and the connection left side, right interior pipe and left outer tube, right outer tube in this device; Be used to control the motion of big mass simultaneously; Thereby guarantee that little mass can go out under action of inertia smoothly, the purpose of a step of on through-hole wall, limiting promptly is this.Actually add man-hour, for the quality that alleviates big mass to improve its speed, big mass self also is provided with step; Consider that simultaneously former limited step is thinner, having based on big mass under the prerequisite of step, this device in transition frame 6 right-hand member holes except above-mentioned limited step 14; Also on limited step 14, be provided with the anxious step 18 (as shown in Figure 4) that stops; Corresponding by the anxious step that stops with step on the big mass, big mass urgency is stopped, little mass is gone out.This moment, limited step remained in the gap with big mass left side, and limited step stops being replaced by the anxious step that stops to the spacing urgency of big mass.In big mass motion process; The rough transition at pipe and transition frame bonding gap place may hinder the motion of big mass in right; So,, see Fig. 4 so that reduce the impact of this step in big mass and the transition frame at the anxious step place design one guiding groove 23 that stops of this transition frame.
For the reliable detection that realizes that sensor passes through particle; This device is through the multiplexer channel non-contact detection method; By row's sensor acquisition to the signal of each spring coil axially-movable process interval blocking-up sensor optical path after synthetic by rule, the displacement at any time of any particle of the volute spring of deriving, speed, acceleration law.Therefore each sensor of the present invention is made up of with signal receiving end 20 the signal transmitting terminal that lays respectively at the axial both sides of left outer tube 19 of pairing; Signal transmitting terminal 19 is installed on the sensor mount 21 with signal receiving end 20; In a left side, be respectively equipped with the signal via 22 that lets signal pass through on pipe 4 and the left outer tube 3, as shown in Figure 5.When signal receiving end did not receive the signal (light path) of signal transmitting terminal emission, showing had the particle of detection through this sensor, and this moment, sensor output signal was " 1 ", otherwise was " 0 ", and the present invention mainly studies the situation that " 1 " occurs.In order to simplify calculated amount, this device is mainly used in the compression process of test cylindrically coiled spring.
This device is through row's sensor acquisition signal, so the requirement of the accuracy of signal data and sensor is closely related, comprise to number of sensors require, SF requirement and installation requirement etc.
Number of sensors is with the length of tested spring and precision prescribed is relevant as a result, and under the certain situation of detection springs length, precision prescribed is high more, needs the sensor of layout just many more.
See Fig. 6, spring pitch is P, and detecting the particle number is M, is designated as particle 1,2 from right to left respectively ... M, then free state lower spring length is L=P (M-1); The sensor installing space is D, and number of sensors is N, and the 1st sensor and spring right-hand member distance are S; Therefore
then:
this moment the N that obtains possibly be decimal, it is rounded obtain number of sensors and be:
The SF of sensor requires relevant with length of spring compressed speed; Detection to any particle movement rule on the spring spring coil that is compressed by high speed; Because the spring size is less, adjacent pitch is also little, and the pitch variation is exceedingly fast; So than higher, need the sensor sample frequency greater than the frequency of each spring coil through sensor to the requirement of sensor sample frequency.High SF can guarantee that spring has abundant sampling number in axially-movable, guarantee the authenticity of dynamic parameter change curve.
For the ease of data acquisition and data analysis; The all the sensors side signal transmission is tangent to face of confirming and spring spring coil place circle; Like Fig. 5, promptly sensor only detects the particle of each spring coil coboundary of illustrative helicon spring (perhaps lower limb), and this particle is referred to as to detect particle.Be to make footpath place circle tangent (middle footpath is the mean value of spring coil internal diameter and external diameter) in definite face of sensor signal transmission direction and the spring spring coil during practical operation.If detect other position particle, in compression process, possibly there is the doubling-up situation, promptly a plurality of detection particles are close together, and have increased the difficulty that follow-up data is analyzed.And detect tangent place particle, and even under the very big situation of impulsive force, still can there be smaller gap between the two detection particles, detect particles to two easily and differentiate.
The output of all the sensors is isolated the D/I plate through PCLD-782B/24 road light successively and is connected with the IPC data analysis unit with PCL-724/24 bit digital quantity I/O card, and data analysis unit is connected with display, printer and keyboard respectively, sees Fig. 7.
When an end of spring received high speed impact load, each spring coil moved vertically, and spring coil will intercept the logical light path of sensor discontinuously.Like this, sensor will detect corresponding spring coil signal, is gathered by PCL-724/24 bit digital quantity I/O integrated circuit board after the processing of signal through PCLD-782B/24 road photoelectricity isolation D/I integrated circuit board.The parameter that need gather simultaneously is the time that each signal is gathered, and this just requires us to adopt the method for hardware timing or software timing to write down the time that each signal is gathered.Because the cost problem, under this device employing DOS environment based on the software chronometry of PCL-724 data collecting card interrupt function.Through respective algorithms the signal that collects is converted into the displacement and the time curve of any spring coil of spring at last by data analysis unit; To the time dependent relation curve match of each spring coil displacement; Can obtain each spring coil displacement and time relationship equation; A differentiate and secondary differentiate are carried out in displacement and time relationship equation respectively, can be obtained corresponding spring coil velocity varies with time relation curve and the time dependent relation curve of acceleration.
The characteristics of PCLD-782B are:
has the input buffering of voltage comparator;
band shows the LED light of input logic state; Be with screw terminal on
plate, be convenient to wiring;
16 or 24 road light are isolated the digital quantity input;
is compatible with the PC-LabCards that all have the D/I passage.
The characteristics of PCL-724 are:
24 road TTL digital quantity I/O interfaces;
emulation 8255 PPI patterns 0;
programmable Interrupt is handled;
50 pin definitions and Opto-22I/O module are compatible fully.
How according to sensor to the spring coil signal confirm the displacement and the time curve of any spring coil? Because sensor can only detect the particle at the edge of each spring coil; The present invention is when handling; In order to simplify calculating; Just think that the motion of the edge of motion and this spring coil particle of these other particles of spring coil is identical, practice shows that this is very little to result's influence.
For time and the displacement relation curve that obtains any particle, need obtain the displacement (position) and the time corresponding of all the sensors that any particle can pass through through this particle.This present invention has been adopted following processing means:
The definition of sensor.Particle movement can be blocked the optic path of sensor to the sensor place, cause the sensor of another side not receive light, exports signal this moment and is " 1 "; Otherwise the output signal was " 0 " when sensor optical path was communicated with; Be signal receiving end when not receiving the signal of signal transmitting terminal emission, show that sensor has detected to detect particle and pass through that this moment, sensor was output as " 1 ", otherwise be " 0 ", the present invention mainly studies the situation of " 1 " appearance.In order to improve accuracy of detection, between per two spring coils, be laid with a sensor at least.Therefore the sensor sample frequency is very high; Particle through the time repeatedly sampled by same sensor possibly; If a plurality of " 1 " output is arranged between two " 0 " output; Then this a plurality of " 1 " output be regarded as one detect particle through and when handling, be regarded as having only one " 1 " output, with any " 1 " output time in said a plurality of " 1 " output as this detections particle through the time of this sensor and the displacement of writing down this detection particle correspondence.Embodiment detects the time of particle through this sensor with the output time of first " 1 " for this.
Owing to have only sensor that output is arranged; And how to judge that sensor output " 1 " is that which particle passes through; Be how to confirm each time of detecting all the sensors that particle can pass through through this detection particle; The present invention handles like this: establishing number of sensors is N, be labeled as 1,2 successively from spring free end toward stiff end ... X ... N-1, N; Under free state; Spring free end is to there being Y to detect particle between X the sensor; If X sensor just in time can detect certain the detection particle under the spring free state; This detection particle also belongs to Y the row that detect particle so, from spring free end toward stiff end with said Y detection particle be labeled as 1,2 successively ..., Y-1, Y;
Can know by Fig. 6:
,
Then:
Ask whole to detecting the particle number equally:
So Y to detect particle be that X sensor exported the time of first " 1 " through time of X sensor, writing down the time at this moment is t
Yx(x representes sensor, and y representes particle); Y-1 is detected particle is the time of X sensor output second " 1 " through time of X sensor, remembers that the time is t at this moment
(y-1) x The 2nd is detected particle is that X sensor exported the time of Y-1 " 1 " through time of X sensor, remembers that the time is t at this moment
2xThe 1st is detected particle is that X sensor exported the time of Y " 1 " through time of X sensor, remembers that the time is t at this moment
1xCan confirm that in like manner other detect the time of particle through other sensor, promptly all detection particles can be confirmed and noted through the time (constantly) of sensor.
Such as, when collecting the 1st " 1 ", sensor 1 representes the 1st particle through here, note time this moment is t
11Sensor 2 (supposing that here sensor 2 the right have two and detect particle) is represented the 2nd particle through here when collecting the 1st " 1 ", note time this moment is t
22Represent the 1st particle when collecting the 2nd " 1 " through here, note time this moment is t
12
Time has been confirmed; Displacement when each detects particle through sensor is confirmed as follows: establish that free end is the true origin of definite displacement under the spring free state; Each distance that detects particle range coordinate initial point detects the displacement of particle for this; The residing position of detection particle has promptly been expressed in displacement, so displacement also can be referred to as the position, the compression direction displacement is for just; Transducer spacing is D, and the distance of the 1st sensor and spring free end is S; So Y to detect particle be D (X-1)+S through the displacement of X sensor, by on can know that the time is t at this moment
YxDisplacement through X+1 sensor is DX+S, and the time is t
Y (x+1)
Such as, particle 1 is t through the time of the 1st sensor
11, displacement is S; Time through the 2nd sensor is t
12, displacement is D+S; Time through X sensor is t
1x, displacement is D (X-1)+S; (suppose can through X sensor); And the like;
Each detects particle has confirmed through the time and the displacement of sensor, can be that horizontal ordinate, displacement are displacement and the time history that ordinate is drawn particle with time to each particle.With particle 1 is example: each horizontal ordinate is respectively and is t
11, t
12, t
13T
1x, corresponding ordinate is respectively S, D+S, 2D+S ... D (X-1)+S connects each point, has just obtained the displacement and the time history of particle 1.In like manner, other displacement and time curve that detects particle X just can be drawn out, sees Fig. 8.
After particle displacement and time curve carried out match; Obtain the displacement and the time relation equation of each particle; It is carried out a differentiate and secondary differentiate respectively, and corresponding velocity varies with time relation curve and the time dependent relation curve of acceleration also can be drawn out.Fig. 9 be particle 5 position, speed and acceleration plots.
Inscribe when different, the displacement/position of each spring coil is confirmed, can draw out the different displacement diagrams of each spring coil constantly in view of the above, sees Figure 10.Figure 10 has been arranged, can obtain the different residing location statuss of each spring coil constantly easily, seen Figure 11, Figure 11 has reflected nine different lower spring location statuss constantly.So far, the motion state of particle can be definite fully arbitrarily on the spring coil.
Claims (7)
1. any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load; It is characterized in that: it comprises left interior right interior manage (8) of managing (4) and mass being set of laying test spring and test spring being led, and interior (8) one ends of managing in the left interior pipe (4) and the right side are installed in transition frame (6) right ends respectively; Pipe (4) other end is installed on the left end cap (2) in the left side, and the outer left outer tube (3) of pipe is connected with transition frame (6) left end cap (2) in the left side through being enclosed within; Pipe (8) other end is installed on the right end cap (11) in right, and right end cap (11) is connected with transition frame (6) through being enclosed within the outer right outer tube (7) of right interior pipe; In right, be provided with the big mass (10) of clearance fit in the pipe (8); Big mass (10) is provided with little mass mounting hole towards left inner tube; Be provided with the little mass (9) of clearance fit in the little mass mounting hole; Right end cap is connected with qi of chong channel ascending adversely mechanism, and right end cap is provided with gas channel so that the air-flow of qi of chong channel ascending adversely mechanism can act on the big mass through gas channel; Transition frame is provided with and lets little mass through to impact the through hole of pipe build-in test spring in the left side, on through-hole wall, is provided with the limited step spacing to big mass (14); Axially equidistantly be provided with one at left outer tube outer left outer tube and list and index and survey the sensor that whether particle passes through on the test spring, the output of all the sensors is connected with data analysis unit.
2. any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said each sensor is made up of the signal transmitting terminal (19) that lays respectively at the axial both sides of left outer tube and the signal receiving end (20) of pairing; Signal transmitting terminal (19) and signal receiving end (20) are installed on the sensor mount (21), in a left side, are respectively equipped with the signal via (22) that lets signal pass through on pipe (4) and the left outer tube (3).
3. any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load according to claim 2 is characterized in that: all the sensors side signal transmission is tangent to face of confirming and test spring spring coil place circle.
4. according to any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under claim 1 or the 2 or 3 described shock loads, it is characterized in that: on big mass (10), be provided with the unloading hole (16) of two symmetries, unloading hole communicates with little mass mounting hole.
5. any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: on left end cap, be provided with threaded hole; Be connected with the adjusting screw(rod) (1) that is used for the installation testing spring on the threaded hole, on adjusting screw(rod) (1), be provided with axially extending bore (15).
6. any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said right outer tube (7), left outer tube (3) and transition frame (6) are installed on the pedestal (12).
7. any particle movement state measuring device of cylindrically coiled spring under the shock load according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: the output of all the sensors is isolated the D/I plate through 24 road light successively and is connected with data analysis unit with 24 bit digital quantity I/O cards, and data analysis unit is connected with display, printer and keyboard respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100285233A CN102109411B (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Device for measuring motion state of any mass point of cylindrical helical spring under impact load |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100285233A CN102109411B (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Device for measuring motion state of any mass point of cylindrical helical spring under impact load |
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| CN102109411A CN102109411A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
| CN102109411B true CN102109411B (en) | 2012-02-01 |
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| CN107462195B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2024-04-12 | 机科发展科技股份有限公司 | Force application mechanism |
| CN107367382B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2024-04-16 | 机科发展科技股份有限公司 | Variable force application device |
| CN109668788B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-07-13 | 太原理工大学 | Full-automatic steel wire rope mechanical property detection system and detection method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2401887Y (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2000-10-18 | 西安交通大学 | Microimpact test platform |
| CN101071095A (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2007-11-14 | 重庆大学 | Linear motor accelerated impact spring fatigue test device |
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2011
- 2011-01-26 CN CN2011100285233A patent/CN102109411B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2401887Y (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2000-10-18 | 西安交通大学 | Microimpact test platform |
| CN101071095A (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2007-11-14 | 重庆大学 | Linear motor accelerated impact spring fatigue test device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周相荣等.基于控制体积法及等效粘性阻尼法的空气弹簧冲击数值仿真.《噪声与振动控制》.2009, * |
| 陈安军.矩形脉冲激励下斜支承弹簧系统冲击特性的研究.《振动与冲击》.2010, * |
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| CN102109411A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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