The monitoring system and the operation method of element in the interior gas of pipeline
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of element, particularly the monitoring and the operation method thereof of element in the interior gas of pipeline.
Background technology
Mercury is extremely toxic substance, even the mercury content in the environment is very low, also can be accumulated in the human body by food chain, thereby be detrimental to health.Therefore, press for some can the fast quantification testing environment in the method for Trace Hg.
Fig. 1 shows the monitoring system of mercury element in the interior gas of the pipeline that extensively adopts in the prior art, as shown in Figure 1, described monitoring system comprises: sampling probe 1, pipeline 2,4, enriching apparatus 4, X-ray fluorescence spectra analyser, air extractor 3,10 and volume measurement device 9.
Mercury has volatility, all remains on gaseous state in a lot of occasions, and in chimney, pipeline, and content is all lower, therefore needs enriching apparatus to come enrichment mercury to improve the sensitivity of mercury measurement, adopts the mercury in the filter membrane enriched gas usually.Common filter membrane can not enrichment simple substance mercury, therefore need carry out special processing to mercury or filter membrane.Present disposal route mainly contains following two kinds:
1, chlorine is added in the mercurous gaseous fluid, mercury and chlorine reaction generate mercuric chloride, use common filter membrane (as the PES film) absorption mercuric chloride.The weak point of this method is mainly: a, mercury and mercuric chloride have bigger vapour pressure under environment or flue-gas temperature, and mercury can not change into mercuric chloride fully; B, chlorine are toxic gases, and excessive chlorine jeopardizes people's life, also produce and pollute.
2, common filter membrane resinification is handled, be soaked in then in the iodine solution, be used for the absorption of mercury after drying.The weak point of this method is mainly: the time that this filter membrane is placed is long more, and the iodine loss is many more, and therefore, the film of this processing is difficult to long storage time.
The mercury of measuring is the interior total amount by mercury in the gas in all volumes of filter membrane of enrichment time, in order to know the mercury content in the gas in the unit volume, also need learn the volume that passes through the gas of filter membrane in the mercury enrichment time.Volume measurement device adopts mass flowmeter, mission life, measuring accuracy for the flowmeter that improves the quality effectively, reduce the engineering maintenance amount of mass flowmeter, also need to be provided for removing oiliness and the water washing tank 7 of acid ingredient gas in the gas, the condenser 8 that is used to dewater in the upstream of mass flowmeter.But complex structure, system maintenance trouble, deficiency that cost is high have been brought.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides in a kind of reliability height, simple in structure, the pipeline that cost is low the monitoring system of element in the gas, and the monitoring method of element in the gas in the low pipeline of a kind of reliability height, operating cost.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The monitoring system of element in the gas comprises sampler, enrichment of element device, elements are contained unit in the pipeline, and characteristics are: described monitoring system also comprises:
Volume measurement device, described volume measurement device is arranged on the downstream of described enrichment of element device, has inlet channel, exhaust passage and low-pressure area and forms module; Described inlet channel is communicated with described enrichment of element device, and inside is provided with aperture, and connection place of described inlet channel and exhaust passage is a low-pressure area;
Analytic unit, described analytic unit is used for drawing according to the output result of measuring unit and volume measurement device the content of gas element in the pipeline.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described volume measurement device also has gas passage, and described low-pressure area is the breathing space, described gas passage is communicated with described breathing space, the interchannel angle of described inlet channel and gas be (0,90 ° ", the angle of gas passage and exhaust passage is
Angle between described inlet channel and exhaust passage is
It is source of the gas that described low-pressure area forms module, and described source of the gas is communicated with described gas passage.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described sampler comprises sampling probe, first pipeline and the module of bleeding, and on described first pipeline companion's thermal modules is set, and described enrichment of element device is communicated with described first pipeline by second pipeline.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described enrichment of element device comprises filter membrane and mobile module, and the control module in the described analytic unit connects described mobile module.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described measuring unit is x-ray fluorescence analyzer or Atomic Absorption Spectrometer.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described element is a mercury.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described enrichment of element device also comprises iodine or sulphur solution applying unit, is used for described iodine or sulphur solution are applied to the filter membrane that described mobile module is sent.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described iodine or sulphur solution applying unit adopt liquid-jet device, are used for iodine or sulphur solution are sprayed on filter membrane.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described iodine or sulphur solution applying unit adopt the container that iodine or sulphur solution are housed, and are used for iodine or sulphur solution are applied to filter membrane by this container.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, described monitoring system further comprises heating arrangement, and described heating arrangement is arranged on the described volume measurement device.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, as preferably, described volume measurement device is a membrane pump.
Purpose of the present invention also is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of operation method of using above-mentioned any monitoring system may further comprise the steps:
(A1) low-pressure area forms module work, and connection place in inlet channel and exhaust passage forms low-pressure area, makes gas in the pipeline by after sampler, the enrichment of element device, with velocity of sound by the aperture in the inlet channel;
(A2) element to be measured in the enrichment of element device enrichment gas sampled, measuring unit records the element total amount to be measured that enrichment is got up in enrichment time;
(A3) analytic unit is handled described element total amount to be measured, passes through the volume of the gas of described aperture in described enrichment time, thereby knows the content of element to be measured in the interior gas of pipeline.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that has of the present invention is:
1, system reliability height need not devices such as purge tank, condenser.Be convenient to safeguard, also reduced cost;
2, can fully mercury be converted into mercuric iodixde or mercuric sulphide.
Iodine or sulphur simple substance character are active, and iodine is sublimed into gas easily, just can react rapidly with mercury at normal temperatures, and react completely.
3, do not have storage problem, filter membrane contains the enrichment that just is used for mercury behind iodine or the sulphur solution after a few minutes applying.
4, need not to handle in advance filter membrane.
The present invention handles filter membrane in measure field, handles filter membrane in advance, time-consuming effort again, and prior art also need compare complex chemical treatment in order to fetter elemental iodine for a long time to common filter membrane.The present invention has save these loaded down with trivial details and complicated processing procedures.
5, excess iodine and sulphur are almost pollution-free
Iodine and sulphur normal temperature are solid down, and the distillation of iodine is limited, therefore can not damage human body.
Description of drawings
With reference to accompanying drawing, disclosure of the present invention will be easier to understand.Those skilled in the art are understood that easily: these accompanying drawings only are used to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, and are not to be intended to protection scope of the present invention is construed as limiting.Among the figure:
Fig. 1 is the basic block diagram according to monitoring system in the prior art of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the basic block diagram according to the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the basic block diagram according to enrichment of element device in the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the basic block diagram according to volume measurement device in the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram according to the operation method of the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 6 is the basic block diagram according to the sulphur solution applying unit of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 7 is the basic block diagram according to the iodine solution applying unit of the embodiment of the invention 3.
Embodiment
Fig. 2-7 and following declarative description optional embodiment of the present invention how to implement with instruction those skilled in the art and reproduce the present invention.In order to instruct technical solution of the present invention, simplified or omitted some conventional aspects.Those skilled in the art should understand that the modification that is derived from these embodiments or replace will be within the scope of the invention.Those skilled in the art should understand that following characteristics can make up in every way to form a plurality of modification of the present invention.Thus, the present invention is not limited to following optional embodiment, and is only limited by claim and their equivalent.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 2 has schematically provided in the chimney of the embodiment of the invention basic block diagram of the monitoring system of element in the gas.As shown in Figure 2, described monitoring system comprises:
Sampling probe 1, described sampling probe is installed on the chimney.
First pipeline 2 and air extractor 3 under the effect of air extractor 3, flow back in the pipeline behind the gas process sampling probe 1 in the chimney, first pipeline 2.On first pipeline 2 companion's thermal modules is set.
Second pipeline 4, an end opening of described second pipeline 4 are in described first pipeline 2, and the other end is communicated with element enriching apparatus 6.
Enrichment of element device 6, described enrichment of element device 6 are used for elements such as the mercury, cadmium, arsenic of enrichment gas sampled.
Measuring unit, described measuring unit are used to measure elements such as mercury after the enrichment, cadmium, arsenic.
Volume measurement device 5, described volume measurement device 5 is used to measure the volume that flows through the gas sampled of enrichment of element device in the mercury enrichment time.
Analytic unit, described analytic unit is used for drawing according to the output result of measuring unit and volume measurement device the content of gas mercury in the chimney.
Fig. 3 has schematically provided the basic block diagram of the enriching apparatus of the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 3, described enriching apparatus comprises:
Filter membrane 12 adopts common filter membrane, as the PES film.
Mobile module comprises driving wheel 13, engaged wheel 11, and undressed filter membrane 12 is on engaged wheel 11, and the filter membrane of measuring is on driving wheel 13.
Iodine solution applying unit 21 is a liquid-jet device, is arranged on a side of filter membrane 12, can spray iodine solution in container when needs, and iodine solution is evenly distributed on the filter membrane 12.The solvent of iodine solution is a n-pentane.
Fig. 4 has schematically provided the basic block diagram of the volume measurement device of the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, described volume measurement device comprises:
Have
inlet channel 51,
gas passage 52 and
exhaust passage 53, described volume measurement device is arranged on the downstream of described enrichment of element device, connection place of described
inlet channel 51 and
exhaust passage 53 is the breathing space, as low-
pressure area 54, one end of described
gas passage 52 is communicated with described breathing space, the angle that described
inlet channel 51 and gas passage are 52 be (0,90 ° ",
gas passage 52 with the angle of
exhaust passage 53 is
The angle that described
inlet channel 51 and exhaust passage are 53 is
Described
inlet channel 51 is communicated with described enrichment of element device, and described
gas passage 52 is connected with the ambient atmos generator; Has through
hole 55 in the described
inlet channel 51.
Fig. 5 shows the operation method of the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 5, described operation method may further comprise the steps:
(A1) get back in the described chimney behind the gas process sampling probe in the air extractor work, chimney, first pipeline;
The gases at high pressure that source of the gas provides pass through gas passage fast, expand in described breathing space afterwards, thereby generation low-pressure area, gas in the pipeline of winning is passed through after second pipeline, the enrichment of element device, by the aperture in the inlet channel, the gas that provides with source of the gas mixes and discharges by the exhaust passage afterwards with velocity of sound; , gas determines that the sectional area of aperture is also determined, therefore can learn the volume that passes through the gas of described aperture in the random time because passing through the flow velocity of aperture;
(A2) element to be measured in the enrichment of element device enrichment gas sampled, measuring unit records the element total amount to be measured that enrichment is got up in enrichment time, is specially:
Driving wheel coiling filter membrane, the iodine solution of liquid-jet device ejection appropriate amount, the iodine solution of ejection is distributed on the filter membrane; Filter membrane stopped several minutes afterwards, the solvent evaporates of iodine solution on the filter membrane, and iodine is stayed on the filter membrane;
Mercury in the gas sampled and the Iod R on the filter membrane, the mercuric iodixde of generation is adsorbed on the filter membrane, and simultaneously, elements such as the cadmium in the gaseous fluid, arsenic also can be adsorbed on the filter membrane;
The X-ray fluorescence spectra analyser is measured elements such as mercuric iodixde on the filter membrane and cadmium, arsenic, thereby knows in the enrichment time total amount of mercury, cadmium, arsenic etc. in the gas;
(A3) analytic unit is handled the total amount of mercury, cadmium, arsenic etc., passes through the volume of the gas of described aperture in described enrichment time, thereby knows the content of mercury, cadmium, arsenic etc. in the interior gas of chimney.
Be according to the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention 1 and the benefit of operation method: owing to be in operation, gas is certain by the flow velocity of aperture (sectional area is certain), therefore can determine in the random time gas volume, also i.e. gas volume by the enrichment of element device by aperture.Apply iodine in site of deployment, easy to operate, pollution-free.
Embodiment 2:
The monitoring system of element in the gas in the chimney, as different from Example 1:
Described monitoring system further comprises heating arrangement, described heating arrangement is arranged on the volume measurement device, prevent composition in the gas by volume measurement device the time because blocking channel is separated out in cooling, prolong the stream time of volume measurement device effectively, reduced the work maintenance.
Embodiment 3:
The monitoring system of element in the gas in the chimney, as different from Example 1:
1, volume measurement device adopts membrane pump, makes that gas passes through aperture with velocity of sound under the effect of described membrane pump.
2, Fig. 6 shows the basic block diagram of solution applying unit in the embodiment of the invention 3, and as shown in Figure 6, sulphur solution applying unit 22 is the container of a sealing, fills sulphur solution in the container, and solvent is a carbon disulphide.Filter membrane 12 is mobile between carrying roller 221,222,223, and by the sulphur solution in the container, and keep sealing with container, avoid making the interior solution evaporation of container and amount discharge container.
3, detecting unit is cold steam Atomic Absorption Spectrometer.
Embodiment 4:
The monitoring system of element in the gas in the flue, as different from Example 3:
Fig. 7 shows the basic block diagram of solution applying unit in the embodiment of the invention 4, as shown in Figure 7, carrying roller 222 connects control module, under the effect of control module, move up and down, make when needs apply sulphur solution, carrying roller 222 moves downward and is being with filter membrane 12 to enter sulphur solution, and when not needing to apply sulphur solution, carrying roller 222 moves upward and is being with filter membrane 12 to break away from sulphur solution.
Detecting unit adopts the X-ray fluorescence spectra analytical equipment, specifically with embodiment 1.