CN102102988A - Method, system and device for measuring crop yield information in real time - Google Patents
Method, system and device for measuring crop yield information in real time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system and a device for measuring crop yield information in real time, relates to a signal acquisition front-end device and a data processing device which are arranged in a crop field, and also relates to a remote server and/or a client. The method comprises the following steps that: the signal acquisition front-end device is controlled by the remote server and/or the client through a centralized control command; a trigger tripod head, and a video sensor and a distance-measuring sensor which are integrated on the tripod head coordinately work; and the distance of a crop object measured by the distance-measuring sensor, the angle of the crop object measured and calculated by the tripod head, and a video image per unit area shot by the video sensor are packaged into a yield information packet through the data processing device and the yield information packet is remotely transmitted to the remote server and/or the client. By hardware highly integration, the measuring accuracy of yield information such as crop height, the planting distance, density and the like is improved, and particularly the yield of high-density crops can be accurately measured and calculated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural land information real time monitoring, relate in particular to crop yield information method for real-time measurement, system and device.
Background technology
For a long time, obtaining mainly of crop yield information realized by traditional agriculture meteorological observation method.This method utilizes manual type at scene, farmland fixed point periodic sampling, and information is reported to relevant departments step by step.Obtain the mode of crop yield information by the scene, although can obtain a large amount of firsthand information, but expend human, financial, and material resources power, and the ageing and objectivity that information is transmitted is relatively poor, can't adapts to the informationization and the digitizing demand of modern agriculture meteorological observation business.Along with the fast development of sensor technology, automatic weather station and satellite remote sensing are widely used in the agrometeorological observation field, but its ability of obtaining crop yield information is obviously not enough.What automatic weather station was observed mainly is farm environment key elements such as precipitation, aerial temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, solar radiation, soil temperature and humidity, there is no special determination techniques at crop yield information.Satellite remote sensing technology can quantitatively be portrayed the large tracts of land crops growth of cereal crop seedlings and growing way etc. by the spectrum inversion principle, but the mensuration at field yardstick crop yield information is powerless, and its measure precision with the time mutually resolution etc. all require to have big gap with precision agriculture is information-based.
Compare with above various observation technologies, the crops observation technology of video image Network Based is by the on-the-spot video monitoring equipment of installing in the farmland, utilize the cross-regional restriction of network technology, the video image information of gathering is in real time in time transmitted go back to Surveillance center, make the user in time understand the crop growth situation, give sensation on the spot in person, this is that automatic weather station and satellite remote sensing technology are incomparable; Moreover, this technology also has great advantage at the aspects such as ageing and objectivity of observation.This has brought important enlightenment for the informationization of modern agriculture meteorological observation.
Find that through the literature search to domestic and international prior art there are 2 related invention patented claims in Japan: (1) number of patent application PCT/JP2004/007531, patent name are autonomous operation control system (self-discipline Jia Occupancy system is driven シ ス テ system); (2) number of patent application 2000-377551, patent name are that long-range agricultural is propped up auxiliary system (Far already supports シ ス テ system every ground Farming).The maximum innovation part of this patent is, crops video frequency graphic monitoring function is introduced agricultural weather observe the field automatically, can check the crops field conditions at any time by remote service end and/or client.But the user of this technology only is that the crop growth situation has been seen on visual pattern ground, still is in a kind of aspect of qualitative technology, and is difficult to realize the dose of crop yield information such as plant height, distance between rows and hills, density from the video image of passing back.
Domestic correlative study exists following problem when realizing the dose of crop yield information based on video image:
(1) integrated level of front-end collection equipment or device is low, causes the degree of accuracy of crop yield information measurement to reduce greatly;
(2) adopt the equipment or the device of discrete control to realize, increased the complexity in the control, and reduced the reliability of control the plant height of crops and the measurement of spacing in the rows;
(3) need carry out manual operation by Terminal Server Client and/or service end to the measurement of spacing in the rows etc. and aim at point distance measurement,, prolong the unnecessary running time because the reliability in the control is low;
(4) only be applicable to the low closeness crop that spacing in the rows is bigger, and powerless to the higher crop of closeness.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of crop yield information method for real-time measurement, system and device, can calculate accurately the output of high density crops.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of crop yield information real-time measurement system, comprising: information acquisition fore device, data processing equipment, electric supply installation and remote service end and/or client, wherein:
The information acquisition fore device, be used for remote service end and/or client mutual, under the controlling of centralized control command, trigger this The Cloud Terrace and be integrated in video sensor on this The Cloud Terrace and the co-ordination of distance measuring sensor, the distance signal of the crops object that distance measuring sensor is measured, the angle signal of the crops object of The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating and the video signal of the unit area that video sensor is taken output to data processing equipment;
Data processing equipment, the video signal that is used for distance signal, angle signal and unit area that will input is handled and to be packaged into the production information bag, sends to remote service end and/or client; And/or will resolve to collection control instruction from the steering order bag that remote service end and/or client receive and export to the information acquisition fore device;
Electric supply installation is used for providing working power to information acquisition fore device and described data processing equipment respectively;
Remote service end and/or client are used for that collection control instruction is packaged into the steering order bag and send to data processing equipment; Parse the video image of distance parameter, angle parameter and the unit area of crops object from the production information bag that receives, calculate and preserve plant height, line-spacing and/or the spacing in the rows production information of crops thus.
Preferably,
The crops object angle parameter of The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating comprises the horizontal swing angle parameter between the distance of the angle of pitch parameter of crops object and/or different crops object;
Remote service end and/or client are according to the high computational of distance parameter, angle of pitch parameter and the The Cloud Terrace of resolving and the plant height of preservation crops.
Preferably,
Remote service end and/or client demarcate the summit of the first crops object for some A, according to the distance parameter (L of this A
1), angle of pitch parameter (α
1) calculate from this A and move to unit length (L
0) the summit B of the second crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
2), according to α
2The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to summit B, demarcates summit B thus and is a B; According to L
1, α
1Calculate from this A and move to L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit C of the 3rd crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
3), calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of The Cloud Terrace when moving to summit C simultaneously by a B
4), according to α
3, α
4The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to this summit C, demarcates summit C thus and is a C; According to L
1, α
1Calculate from a B and move to L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit D of the 4th crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
5), calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of The Cloud Terrace when moving to summit D simultaneously by a B
6), according to α
5, α
6The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to this summit D, demarcates summit D thus and is a D; Behind tie point A, some B, some C and the some D, then obtain the calibration zone (L of unit area
0* L
0).
Preferably,
Remote service end and/or client remote control The Cloud Terrace, make video sensor move to the summit B ' and the aligning of another adjacent crops object from the summit A of crops object, trigger the distance measuring sensor measurement thus and calculate the angle of pitch of summit B ' and move to the horizontal swing angle of summit B ', and obtain the parameter of measurement from summit A with distance and the The Cloud Terrace of this summit B '; According to the distance parameter that obtains, angle of pitch parameter and horizontal swing angle parameter and use the trigonometric function principle to calculate spacing in the rows or the spacing in the rows of crops.
Preferably
The Cloud Terrace rotates under the control of centralized control command and/or moves, the crops object that video sensor is aimed in the calibration zone is taken corresponding video image, and the information acquisition fore device sends to remote service end and/or client with the video signal in the calibration zone of video sensor shooting by data processing equipment;
Remote service end and/or client are carried out image recognition according to the production information that calculates and/or to the video image in the calibration zone, further identification unit of account area crop growth density, obtain crops each growing stage upgrowth situation and growing way, and specific yield and/or the per mu yield of calculating crops.
Preferably,
Remote service end and/or client are further measured proportion of crop planting density in the calibration zone at the crops different growing; Wherein, in the seedling stage for the do not tiller crop and the crop that tillers, estimate proportion of crop planting density by described spacing in the rows and the described line-spacing of measuring crops in the calibration zone; For the tillering of the crop that tillers, jointing and heading stage, carry out image recognition by crops video signal to calibration zone, dose goes out the total stem number of unit area, the number of productive ear of the crops in the calibration zone, and then obtains the proportion of crop planting density information.
Preferably,
The information acquisition fore device is also under the control of centralized control command, be in the predetermined error range by the depth of parallelism between a collimating apparatus control of video sensor and the distance measuring sensor object lens axis, to guarantee that the projection centre of described distance measuring sensor emitted light beams on this target overlaps with the video image center of formation when the target of the crops object of locking in the coverage.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of information acquisition fore device that crop yield information is measured in real time that is used for, this device becomes one video sensor, distance measuring sensor and The Cloud Terrace, wherein:
The Cloud Terrace, be used under the control of remote control order in vertical direction and/or horizontal direction rotation, come the mobile video sensor, and the angle of pitch of the crops subject object point of measuring and calculating video sensor aligning, and/or calculate the horizontal swing angle that moves to another impact point from an impact point, and the angle of pitch signal and/or the horizontal swing angle signal of output measuring and calculating;
Video sensor is used under the control of remote control order, according to the action adjustment of The Cloud Terrace and the distance and the angle of crops object, triggers the capture video image when aiming at the impact point of this crops object, and the video signal of output shooting;
Distance measuring sensor is used under the control of remote control order, triggers the distance of measuring this impact point when video sensor is aimed at the impact point of crops object, and the distance signal of output measurement.
Preferably,
The Cloud Terrace comprises the common The Cloud Terrace of digital The Cloud Terrace and integrated angle measurement function, wherein should be integrated with the photoelectric encoder of being with the angle measurement function by the numeral The Cloud Terrace, to realize measuring and calculating angle function; The integrated vertical and horizontal direction angular measurement sensor of this common The Cloud Terrace is used to realize side calculation angle function;
Distance measuring sensor comprises one or more in laser range finder, ultrasonic range finder and the infrared range-measurement system;
Video sensor comprises analog video camera and/or digital camera.
Preferably,
The information acquisition fore device also is integrated with collimating apparatus, the depth of parallelism that is used between control of video sensor and the distance measuring sensor object lens axis is in the predetermined error range, to guarantee that the projection centre of distance measuring sensor emitted light beams on this target overlaps with the video image center of formation when the target of the crops object of locking in the coverage.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of crop yield information method for real-time measurement, relate to the information acquisition fore device and the data processing equipment that are installed in the crops scene, also relate to remote service end and/or client, this method comprises:
The information acquisition fore device is controlled by centralized control command by remote service end and/or client, trigger The Cloud Terrace and be integrated in video sensor on this The Cloud Terrace and the co-ordination of distance measuring sensor, distance signal, the crops object angle signal of The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating and the video signal of the unit area that video sensor is taken of the crops object that distance measuring sensor is measured are packaged into the production information bag by data processing equipment, and remote transmission is to remote service end and/or client.
Preferably,
Remote service end and/or client parse the video image of distance parameter, angle parameter and the unit area of crops object from the production information bag that receives, and calculate the production information of crops thus.
Preferably, angle parameter comprises the horizontal swing angle parameter between the distance of the angle of pitch parameter of crops object and/or different crops object;
Remote service end and/or client specifically comprise according to the distance parameter of crops object, the calibration zone that angle parameter obtains unit area:
It is a some A that the summit of the first crops object is demarcated;
Distance parameter (L according to this A
1), angle of pitch parameter (α
1) calculate from this A and move to unit length (L
0) the summit B of the second crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
2), calculate α
2Formula be:
According to α
2The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to summit B, demarcates summit B thus and is a B;
According to L
1, α
1Calculate from this A and move to L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit C of the 3rd crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
3), calculate α
3Formula be
Calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of The Cloud Terrace when moving to summit C simultaneously by a B
4), calculate α
4Formula be
According to α
3, α
4The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to this summit C, demarcates summit C thus and is a C;
According to L
1, α
1Calculate from a B and move to L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit D of the 4th crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
5), calculate α
5Formula be
Calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of The Cloud Terrace when moving to summit D simultaneously by a B
6), calculate α
6Formula be
According to α
5, α
6The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to this summit D, demarcates described summit D thus and is a D;
Behind tie point A, some B, some C and the some D, then obtain the calibration zone (L of unit area
0* L
0).
Preferably, remote service end and/or client are calculated the production information of crops, specifically comprise:
According to the distance parameter L that resolves
1, angle of pitch parameter alpha
1And the height h of The Cloud Terrace calculates and preserves the plant height h of crops
0, computing formula is h
0=h-L
1* cos α
1
Remote service end and/or client remote control The Cloud Terrace make video sensor from summit B ' and aligning that the summit A of this crops object moves to another adjacent crops object, trigger the distance (L that distance measuring sensor is measured this summit B ' thus
2) and the angle of pitch α of The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating summit B '
2With the horizontal swing angle (α that moves to summit B ' from summit A
4), and obtain the parameter of measurement; According to the L that obtains
2, α
2And α
4L by formula
AB '=f (L
1* sin α
1, L
2* sin α
2, α
4) calculate spacing in the rows or the spacing in the rows of crops, L in the formula
AB 'Be spacing in the rows or the spacing in the rows of calculating.
Preferably,
The Cloud Terrace rotates under the control of centralized control command and/or moves, the crops object that video sensor is aimed in the calibration zone is taken corresponding video image, and the information acquisition fore device sends to remote service end and/or client with the video signal in the calibration zone of video sensor shooting by data processing equipment;
Remote service end and/or client according to the plant height that calculates, line-spacing and or spacing in the rows production information and/or the video image in the calibration zone carried out image recognition, further identification unit of account area crop growth density, obtain crops each growing stage upgrowth situation and growing way, and specific yield and/or the per mu yield of calculating crops.
Preferably,
Remote service end and/or client are further measured proportion of crop planting density in the calibration zone at the crops different growing; Wherein:
In seedling stage for the do not tiller crop and the crop that tillers, estimate proportion of crop planting density by spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of measuring crops in the calibration zone;
For the tillering of the crop that tillers, jointing and heading stage, carry out image recognition by video signal to calibration zone, dose goes out the total stem number of unit area, the number of productive ear of the crops in the calibration zone, and then obtains the proportion of crop planting density information.
Preferably,
Remote service end and/or client are carried out image recognition to the video image in the calibration zone, specifically comprise:
Video image is carried out pre-service, and pre-service comprises one or more processing in image smoothing, image transformation, figure image intensifying, image recovery and the image filtering;
From through extracting the production information feature the pretreated image, the production information feature comprises based on color characteristic, based on morphological feature and based in the textural characteristics one or more;
Carry out categorised decision according to the production information feature of extracting and in conjunction with expertise solution bank data, pass judgment on out the eigenwert of crucial puberty of crops, number of productive ear, grain number per spike Isoquant information.
The present invention is by integrated with the height of functions such as video sensing, range finding sensing, angle measurement sensing, cradle head control, direction finding collimation, improved the accuracy and the reliability of crops height, spacing in the rows, density Isoquant information measurement greatly; Realized accurate measurement by pitching and horizontal angle measurement technique, and accurate hardware controls technology helps fast, accurately and easily navigates to desired location to highly dense intensity crop.The present invention is suitable for the measuring and calculating of the crop yield of any kind, particularly can calculate accurately for the specific yield of highdensity crops, really realizes effectively sharing of agricultural land information thus.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of crop yield information real-time measurement system embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that configuration schematic diagram is installed at the scene of system shown in Figure 1 embodiment;
Fig. 3 obtains the geometric representation of unit area calibration zone alternately for remote service end of the present invention and/or client and information acquisition fore device;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that obtains the embodiment of unit area calibration zone in the crop yield information method for real-time measurement of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the geometric representation that crop yield information is measured in real time of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is for obtaining the method embodiment process flow diagram of plant height, line-spacing and the spacing in the rows of crops in the crop yield information method for real-time measurement of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the method embodiment process flow diagram that the unit area video image is carried out image recognition of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is at length set forth.The embodiment that below exemplifies only is used for description and interpretation the present invention, and does not constitute the restriction to technical solution of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, be the structure of the real-time measurement system embodiment of crop yield information provided by the invention, Fig. 2 is each the Unit Installation synoptic diagram of scene in this system.System embodiment shown in Figure 1 comprises information acquisition fore device, data processing equipment, electric supply installation and remote service end and/or client, wherein:
The information acquisition fore device, be used for carrying out information interaction with remote service end and/or client, under the controlling of centralized control command, trigger The Cloud Terrace and be integrated in video sensor on the The Cloud Terrace and the co-ordination of distance measuring sensor, the distance signal of the crops object that distance measuring sensor is measured, the angle signal of the crops object of The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating and the video signal of the unit area that video sensor is taken output to data processing equipment;
Data processing equipment is packaged into the production information bag after the video signal that is used for distance signal, angle signal and unit area that will input is handled, and sends to remote service end and/or client; Perhaps, will resolve to collection control instruction from the steering order bag of remote service end and/or client reception and export to the information acquisition fore device;
Electric supply installation is used for providing working power to information acquisition fore device and data processing equipment respectively;
Remote service end and/or client are used for that collection control instruction is packaged into the steering order bag and send out to data processing equipment; The production information bag that receives is parsed the video image of distance parameter, angle parameter and the unit area of crops object, calculate and preserve plant height, line-spacing and/or the spacing in the rows production information of these crops thus.
In the information acquisition fore device, the crops object angle parameter of The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating comprises the horizontal swing angle between the distance of the angle of pitch of crops object and/or different crops object;
Remote service end and/or client are according to the distance parameter L of the crops object of resolving
1, angle of pitch parameter alpha
1And the height h of The Cloud Terrace calculates and preserves the plant height h of crops
0, please refer to Fig. 3.
Remote service end and/or client demarcate the summit of the first crops object for some A, according to the distance parameter (L of this A
1), angle of pitch parameter (α
1) calculate from this A and move to unit length (L
0) the summit B of the second crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
2), according to α
2The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to summit B, demarcates summit B thus and is a B; According to L
1, α
1Calculate from this A and move to L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit C of the 3rd crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
3), calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of The Cloud Terrace when moving to summit C simultaneously by a B
4), according to α
3, α
4The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to this summit C, demarcates summit C thus and is a C; According to L
1, α
1Calculate from a B and move to L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit D of the 4th crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the The Cloud Terrace
5), calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of The Cloud Terrace when moving to summit D simultaneously by a B
6), according to α
5, α
6The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to this summit D, demarcates summit D thus and is a D; Behind tie point A, B, C, the D, then obtain unit area (L
0* L
0) calibration zone.
Remote service end and/or client remote control The Cloud Terrace, make video sensor move to the summit B ' and the aligning of another adjacent crops object from the summit A ' of a crops object, trigger the distance measuring sensor measurement thus and calculate the angle of pitch of summit B ' and move to the horizontal swing angle of summit B ', and obtain the parameter of measurement from summit A ' with distance and the The Cloud Terrace of this summit B '; According to the distance parameter that obtains, angle of pitch parameter and horizontal swing angle parameter and use the trigonometric function principle to calculate spacing in the rows or the line-spacing of crops.
The Cloud Terrace rotates under the control of centralized control command and/or moves, the crops object that video sensor is aimed in the above-mentioned calibration zone is taken corresponding video image, sends to remote service end and/or client after the video signal that the information acquisition fore device is taken video sensor is handled by data processing equipment;
Remote service end and/or client are carried out image recognition according to the production information that calculates and/or to the video image in the calibration zone, further identification unit of account area crop growth density, obtain crops each growing stage upgrowth situation and growing way, and specific yield and/or the per mu yield of calculating crops.
Remote service end and/or client are further measured proportion of crop planting density in the calibration zone at the crops different growing; Wherein, in the seedling stage for the do not tiller crop and the crop that tillers, estimate proportion of crop planting density by spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of measuring crops in the calibration zone; For the tillering of the crop that tillers, jointing and heading stage, carry out image recognition by crops video image to calibration zone, dose goes out the total stem number of unit area, the number of productive ear of the crops in the calibration zone, and then obtains the proportion of crop planting density information.
Built-in scale in length and breadth, grid coordinates and video image central cross line are drawn in the video sensor, are applicable to by Terminal Server Client and/or service end intuitively to distinguish, measure image distance, identification crops morphological feature surely.
The information acquisition fore device also is used under the control of centralized control command, be in the predetermined error range by the depth of parallelism between collimating apparatus control of video sensor and the distance measuring sensor object lens axis, to guarantee that the projection centre of distance measuring sensor emitted light beams on this target overlaps with the video image center of formation when the target of the crops object of locking in the coverage.
The information acquisition fore device is realized the synchronous accurate heart point of collimating apparatus calibration range sensor and video sensor and the trinity of The Cloud Terrace angle measurement function.
The present invention is directed to said system and also correspondingly propose crop yield information method for real-time measurement embodiment, comprise the steps:
Remote service end and/or client are installed in the information acquisition fore device at crops object scene by centralized control command control, trigger video sensor and the distance measuring sensor be integrated on the The Cloud Terrace and cooperate in harmony by controlling The Cloud Terrace, the angle signal of the crops object of and distance signal crops object, The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating that measure with distance measuring sensor and the video signal of the unit area that video sensor is taken are packaged into production information bag remote transmission;
Remote service end and/or client parse the video image of distance parameter, angle parameter and the unit area of crops object with the production information bag that receives, and calculate plant height, line-spacing and/or the spacing in the rows production information of crops thus.
Remote service end and/or client are carried out image recognition according to the production information that calculates and/or to the video image of unit area, further calculate the density of unit area crops, extrapolate the specific yield of crops thus.
As shown in Figure 4, be the flow process of the method embodiment of remote service end of the present invention and/or the client collection control information acquisition fore device calibration zone of obtaining unit area, comprise the steps:
101: remote service end and/or client are controlled The Cloud Terrace, make video sensor aim at the summit of first crops, trigger the distance L that distance measuring sensor is measured this summit thus
1, and The Cloud Terrace is measured the angle of pitch α on this summit
1, and the parameter of return measurement;
Video sensor is aimed at the summit of crops, is meant the video sensor cross curve is drawn a bit that central point is aimed at this crop plant top blade face.
102: remote service end and/or client are received the distance L on this summit
1, angle of pitch α
1After the parameter, demarcate this summit and be an A;
1 A on blade face, crop plant top among the summit of first crops such as Fig. 3.
103: according to distance parameter L
1, angle of pitch parameter alpha
1Calculate from this A and move to unit length L
0The summit of the second crops object and The Cloud Terrace between angle of pitch theoretical value α
2
α
2Computing formula as follows:
104: according to this theoretical value α
2The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to the summit of this second crops object, demarcates this summit thus and is a B;
1 B on blade face, crop plant top among the summit of second crops such as Fig. 3.
105: according to distance parameter L
1, angle of pitch parameter alpha
1Calculate from this A and move to unit length L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit of the 3rd crops object and The Cloud Terrace between angle of pitch theoretical value α
3Calculate simultaneously by a B and move to the horizontal swing angle theoretical value of this summit The Cloud Terrace α
4
α
3Computing formula as follows:
α
4Computing formula as follows:
106: according to theoretical value α
3, α
4The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to the summit of the 3rd crops object, demarcates this summit thus and is a C;
1 C on blade face, crop plant top among the summit of the 3rd crops such as Fig. 3.
107: use the method identical to calculate angle of pitch theoretical value α between the summit of the 4th crops object and the The Cloud Terrace with step 105
5With move to the horizontal swing angle theoretical value of this summit The Cloud Terrace α by a B
6
108: according to theoretical value α
5, α
6The remote control The Cloud Terrace moves to the summit of the 4th crops object, demarcates this summit thus and is a D;
1 D on blade face, crop plant top among the summit of the 4th crops such as Fig. 3.
109: then obtain unit area (L behind tie point A, B, C, the D
0* L
0) calibration zone.
Remote service end and/or client are further measured the crops density in this calibration zone at the crops different growing.
Wherein,, spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of crops in the calibration zone be can measure by native system, thereby the plants stems number of unit area, i.e. proportion of crop planting density estimated in seedling stage for the crop that do not tiller; For the crop that tillers, in seedling stage: can measure spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of crops in the calibration zone by native system, to estimate proportion of crop planting density; Tiller, jointing and heading stage: discern by the crops video image to this calibration zone, dose goes out the total stem number of unit area, the number of productive ear of the crops in the calibration zone, and then obtains the actual density of crops.
Below in conjunction with the present invention shown in Figure 5 geometric representation to the real-time measurement of crop yield information, explain out the method embodiment flow process that remote service end and/or client collection control information acquisition fore device obtain plant height, line-spacing and the spacing in the rows of crops, as shown in Figure 6, comprise the steps:
210: Terminal Server Client and/or service end are controlled The Cloud Terrace, make video sensor aim at the summit of a crops object, trigger the distance L that distance measuring sensor is measured this summit thus
1, and The Cloud Terrace is measured the angle of pitch α on this summit
1, and the parameter of return measurement;
1 A on blade face, crop plant top as shown in Figure 6, the summit of crops object.
220: Terminal Server Client and/or service end are tried to achieve the plant height h of crops object according to the parameter that receives
0
h
0Computing formula as follows:
h
0＝h-L
1×cosα
1 (4)
H is the height of The Cloud Terrace in the formula.
230: the remote control The Cloud Terrace, make video sensor move to the summit B of another crop object that summit A closes on, trigger the video image that video sensor is taken B place, summit thus, trigger simultaneously that distance measuring sensor is measured and the distance L of this summit B
2, and the angle of pitch α of digital The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating summit B
2With the horizontal swing angle α that moves to summit B from summit A
4, and obtain the parameter of measurement;
240: utilization trigonometric function principle calculates the distance between summit A and the B, i.e. the spacing in the rows L of crops
AB
Spacing in the rows L
ABComputing formula as follows:
L
AB＝f(L
AO，L
BO，α
4)＝f(L
1×sinα
1，L
2×sinα
2，α
4) (5)
250: Terminal Server Client and/or service end continue to control The Cloud Terrace, video sensor is moved to the summit C of another crop object from summit B, and CB and AB meet at right angles, and trigger the video image that video sensor is taken summit C thus, trigger the distance L of distance measuring sensor measurement and summit C simultaneously
3, and the angle of pitch α of digital The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating summit C
3With the horizontal swing angle α that moves to summit C from summit B
5, and obtain the parameter of measurement;
260: utilization trigonometric function principle calculates the distance between the BC of summit, i.e. the line-spacing L of crops
BC
Line-spacing L
BCComputing formula as follows:
L
BC＝f(L
CO，L
BO，α
5)＝f(L
3×sinα
3，L
2×sinα
2，α
5) (6)
In the present embodiment, be that Terminal Server Client and/or service end are controlled The Cloud Terrace, video sensor is moved to the summit C of another crop object from summit B, and according to the calculation of parameter trip distance of measuring thus.In fact the method for measuring line-spacing and measuring spacing in the rows is identical, that is Terminal Server Client and/or service end control The Cloud Terrace video sensor is moved to the summit C of another crop object from summit A, and still can calculate line-spacing according to the parameter of measurement thus.
Be remote service end and/or client as shown in Figure 7 according to the method embodiment flow process that the video image of unit area is carried out image recognition, comprise the steps:
310: the video image that obtains is carried out pre-service;
Before extracting production information, in order to be extruded with effective information more and to remove disturbing factor, need carry out pre-service to video image, comprise that image smoothing, image transformation (gray processing, binaryzation etc.), figure image intensifying, image recover and image filtering (medium filtering, gaussian filtering etc.).
320: from the pretreated image of process, extract the production information feature;
Mainly comprise based on color characteristic, extract based on morphological feature and based on the production information of textural characteristics, specifically:
Extract based on the production information of color characteristic and to be meant: use color model (commonly used is RGB model and HIS model) to distinguish the difference of external interference factors such as output element information and Soil Background, weeds, natural lighting, to eliminate the influence of factors such as Soil Background, weeds and natural lighting; Also can utilize this color model aspect lightness and the saturation degree image information being optimized, make it more can reflect people's visual characteristic.
Production information extraction based on morphological feature is meant: partly be difficult to distinguish under the situation of color for crop yield element information and other as leaf, stem etc., the production information that needs to replenish based on morphological feature extracts, and main morphological feature index such as leaf area, fringe shape size fractionation, blade be axial ratio or the like in length and breadth.
Production information extraction based on textural characteristics is meant: if still be difficult to distinguish production information and other disturbing factor based on color characteristic and morphological feature, then replenish the extraction of textural characteristics.Mainly be divided three classes: the first kind is a statistical analysis method, as gray level co-occurrence matrixes; Second class is a structured analysis method, puts forth effort to find out the primitive of texture, forms from structure and seeks rule; The 3rd class is based on the analytic approach of frequency spectrum, as correlation method, LC model parameter method etc.
330: carry out categorised decision according to the production information feature of extracting and in conjunction with expertise solution bank data;
At output related information based on color characteristic, morphological feature and texture feature extraction, compare with the judgment criteria of forming by expertise solution bank and Standard Colors, form and texture criterion storehouse, pass judgment on out the eigenwert of crucial puberty of crops, number of productive ear, grain number per spike Isoquant information.
340: export crop yield information such as crucial puberty of crops, number of productive ear and grain number per spike according to the categorised decision result.
The crop yield information structure of the information acquisition fore device embodiment of measurement in real time that is used for as can be seen from Figure 1 of the present invention, it is a device that video sensor, distance measuring sensor and The Cloud Terrace are integrated in one, wherein:
The Cloud Terrace, be used under the control of remote control order in vertical direction and/or horizontal direction rotation, come the mobile video sensor, and the angle of pitch of the crops subject object point of measuring and calculating video sensor aligning, and/or calculate the horizontal swing angle that moves to another impact point from an impact point, and the angle of pitch signal and/or the horizontal swing angle signal of output measuring and calculating;
Video sensor is used under the control of remote control order, according to the action adjustment of The Cloud Terrace and the distance and the angle of crops object, triggers the capture video image when aiming at the impact point of crops object, and the video signal of output shooting;
Distance measuring sensor is used under the control of remote control order, triggers the distance of measuring this impact point when video sensor is aimed at the impact point of crops object, and the distance signal of output measurement.
Above-mentioned information acquisition fore device also is integrated with collimating apparatus, the depth of parallelism that is used between control of video sensor and the distance measuring sensor object lens axis is in the predetermined error range, to guarantee that when the target of the crops object of locking in the coverage, the projection centre of distance measuring sensor emitted light beams on this target overlaps with the video image center of formation.
Above-mentioned The Cloud Terrace comprises the common The Cloud Terrace of digital The Cloud Terrace and integrated angle measurement function.Wherein digital The Cloud Terrace is integrated with the photoelectric encoder of band angle measurement function, is used to realize the angle measurement function; The integrated vertical and horizontal direction angular measurement sensor of common The Cloud Terrace is used to realize the side angle function.
Above-mentioned distance measuring sensor comprises one or more in laser range finder, ultrasonic range finder and the infrared range-measurement system.
Above-mentioned video sensor comprises analog video camera and/or digital camera.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit the scope that comprises of the present invention.All any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to alternative, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. crop yield information real-time measurement system comprises: information acquisition fore device, data processing equipment, electric supply installation and remote service end and/or client, wherein:
Described information acquisition fore device, be used for described remote service end and/or client mutual, under the controlling of centralized control command, trigger this The Cloud Terrace and be integrated in described video sensor on this The Cloud Terrace and the co-ordination of described distance measuring sensor, the distance signal of the crops object that described distance measuring sensor is measured, the angle signal of the crops object of described The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating and the video signal of the unit area that described video sensor is taken output to described data processing equipment;
Described data processing equipment, the video signal that is used for described distance signal, described angle signal and described unit area that will input is handled and to be packaged into the production information bag, sends to described remote service end and/or client; And/or will resolve to described collection control instruction from the steering order bag that described remote service end and/or client receive and export to described information acquisition fore device;
Described electric supply installation is used for providing working power to described information acquisition fore device and described data processing equipment respectively;
Described remote service end and/or client are used for that described collection control instruction is packaged into described steering order bag and send to described data processing equipment; Parse the video image of distance parameter, angle parameter and the unit area of crops object from the described production information bag that receives, calculate and preserve plant height, line-spacing and/or the spacing in the rows production information of described crops thus.
2. according to the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that,
The crops object angle parameter of described The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating comprises the horizontal swing angle between the distance of the angle of pitch of crops object and/or different crops object;
Described remote service end and/or client are according to the high computational of distance parameter, angle of pitch parameter and the The Cloud Terrace of resolving and the plant height of preservation crops.
3. according to the described system of claim 2, it is characterized in that,
Described remote service end and/or client demarcate the summit of the first crops object for some A, according to the described distance parameter (L of this A
1), described angle of pitch parameter (α
1) calculate from this A and move to unit length (L
0) the summit B of the second crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the described The Cloud Terrace
2), according to described α
2The described The Cloud Terrace of remote control moves to described summit B, demarcates described summit B thus and is a B; According to described L
1, described α
1Calculate from this A and move to described L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit C of the 3rd crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the described The Cloud Terrace
3), calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of described The Cloud Terrace when moving to described summit C simultaneously by described some B
4), according to described α
3, described α
4The described The Cloud Terrace of remote control moves to this summit C, demarcates described summit C thus and is a C; According to described L
1, described α
1Calculate from described some B and move to described L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit D of the 4th crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the described The Cloud Terrace
5), calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of described The Cloud Terrace when moving to described summit D simultaneously by described some B
6), according to described α
5, described α
6The described The Cloud Terrace of remote control moves to this summit D, demarcates described summit D thus and is a D; After connecting described some A, described some B, described some C and described some D, then obtain the calibration zone (L of described unit area
0* L
0).
4. according to the described system of claim 3, it is characterized in that,
Described remote service end and/or the described The Cloud Terrace of client remote control, make described video sensor move to the summit B ' and the aligning of another adjacent crops object from the summit A of described crops object, trigger described distance measuring sensor measurement thus and calculate the angle of pitch of summit B ' and move to the horizontal swing angle of summit B ', and obtain the parameter of measurement from summit A with distance and the described The Cloud Terrace of this summit B '; According to the distance parameter that obtains, angle of pitch parameter and horizontal swing angle parameter and use the trigonometric function principle to calculate spacing in the rows or the spacing in the rows of crops.
5. according to the described system of claim 4, it is characterized in that,
Described The Cloud Terrace rotates under the control of centralized control command and/or moves, the crops object that described video sensor is aimed in the described calibration zone is taken corresponding video image, and described information acquisition fore device sends to described remote service end and/or client with the video signal in the described calibration zone of described video sensor shooting by described data processing equipment;
Described remote service end and/or client are carried out image recognition according to the described production information that calculates and/or to the video image in the described calibration zone, further identification unit of account area crop growth density, obtain crops each growing stage upgrowth situation and growing way, and specific yield and/or the per mu yield of calculating crops.
6. according to the described system of claim 5, it is characterized in that,
Described remote service end and/or client are further measured proportion of crop planting density in the described calibration zone at the crops different growing; Wherein, in the seedling stage for the do not tiller crop and the crop that tillers, estimate described proportion of crop planting density by described spacing in the rows and the described line-spacing of measuring crops in the described calibration zone; For the tillering of the described crop that tillers, jointing and heading stage, carry out image recognition by crops video signal to described calibration zone, dose goes out the total stem number of unit area, the number of productive ear of the crops in the described calibration zone, and then obtains the proportion of crop planting density information.
7. according to each described system of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that,
Described information acquisition fore device is also under the control of described centralized control command, the depth of parallelism of controlling between described video sensor and the described distance measuring sensor object lens axis by a collimating apparatus is in the predetermined error range, to guarantee that the projection centre of described distance measuring sensor emitted light beams on this target overlaps with the video image center of formation when the target of the crops object of locking in the coverage.
8. one kind is used for the information acquisition fore device that crop yield information is measured in real time, it is characterized in that described device becomes one video sensor, distance measuring sensor and The Cloud Terrace, wherein:
Described The Cloud Terrace, be used under the control of remote control order in vertical direction and/or horizontal direction rotation, come the mobile video sensor, and the angle of pitch of the crops subject object point of measuring and calculating video sensor aligning, and/or calculate the horizontal swing angle that moves to another impact point from an impact point, and the angle of pitch signal and/or the horizontal swing angle signal of output measuring and calculating;
Described video sensor, be used under the control of remote control order, according to the action adjustment of described The Cloud Terrace and the distance and the angle of described crops object, when aiming at the impact point of this crops object, trigger the capture video image, and the video signal of output shooting;
Distance measuring sensor is used under the control of remote control order, triggers the distance of measuring this impact point when described video sensor is aimed at the impact point of crops object, and the distance signal of output measurement.
9. according to the described device of claim 8, it is characterized in that,
Described The Cloud Terrace comprises the common The Cloud Terrace of digital The Cloud Terrace and integrated angle measurement function, and wherein said digital The Cloud Terrace is integrated with the photoelectric encoder of band angle measurement function, to realize measuring and calculating angle function; The integrated vertical and horizontal direction angular measurement sensor of described common The Cloud Terrace is used to realize side calculation angle function;
Described distance measuring sensor comprises one or more in laser range finder, ultrasonic range finder and the infrared range-measurement system;
Described video sensor comprises analog video camera and/or digital camera.
10. according to claim 8 or 9 described devices, it is characterized in that,
Described information acquisition fore device also is integrated with collimating apparatus, the depth of parallelism that is used to control between described video sensor and the described distance measuring sensor object lens axis is in the predetermined error range, to guarantee that the projection centre of described distance measuring sensor emitted light beams on this target overlaps with the video image center of formation when the target of the crops object of locking in the coverage.
11. a crop yield information method for real-time measurement relates to the information acquisition fore device and the data processing equipment that are installed in the crops scene, also relates to remote service end and/or client, this method comprises:
Described information acquisition fore device is controlled by centralized control command by described remote service end and/or client, trigger The Cloud Terrace and be integrated in video sensor on this The Cloud Terrace and the co-ordination of distance measuring sensor, distance signal, the crops object angle signal of described The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating and the video signal of the unit area that described video sensor is taken of the crops object that described distance measuring sensor is measured are packaged into the production information bag by described data processing equipment, and remote transmission is given described remote service end and/or client.
12. in accordance with the method for claim 11, it is characterized in that,
Described remote service end and/or client parse the video image of distance parameter, angle parameter and the unit area of crops object from the described production information bag that receives, and calculate the production information of crops thus.
13. in accordance with the method for claim 12, it is characterized in that described angle parameter comprises the horizontal swing angle parameter between the distance of the angle of pitch parameter of crops object and/or different crops object;
Described remote service end and/or client specifically comprise according to the distance parameter of described crops object, the calibration zone that angle parameter obtains described unit area:
It is a some A that the summit of the first crops object is demarcated;
Described distance parameter (L according to this A
1), described angle of pitch parameter (α
1) calculate from this A and move to unit length (L
0) the summit B of the second crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the described The Cloud Terrace
2), calculate described α
2Formula be:
According to described α
2The described The Cloud Terrace of remote control moves to described summit B, demarcates described summit B thus and is a B;
According to described L
1, described α
1Calculate from this A and move to described L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit C of the 3rd crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the described The Cloud Terrace
3), calculate described α
3Formula be
Calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of described The Cloud Terrace when moving to described summit C simultaneously by described some B
4), calculate described α
4Formula be
According to described α
3, described α
4The described The Cloud Terrace of remote control moves to this summit C, demarcates described summit C thus and is a C;
According to described L
1, described α
1Calculate from described some B and move to described L along the direction vertical with AB
0The summit D of the 4th crops object and the angle of pitch theoretical value (α between the described The Cloud Terrace
5), calculate described α
5Formula be
Calculate the theoretical value (α of the horizontal swing angle of described The Cloud Terrace when moving to described summit D simultaneously by described some B
6), calculate described α
6Formula be
According to described α
5, described α
6The described The Cloud Terrace of remote control moves to this summit D, demarcates described summit D thus and is a D;
After connecting described some A, described some B, described some C and described some D, then obtain the calibration zone (L of described unit area
0* L
0).
14. in accordance with the method for claim 13, it is characterized in that described remote service end and/or client are calculated the production information of crops, specifically comprise:
According to the described distance parameter L that resolves
1, described angle of pitch parameter alpha
1And the height h of described The Cloud Terrace calculates and preserves the plant height h of described crops
0, computing formula is h
0=h-L
1* cos α
1
Described remote service end and/or the described The Cloud Terrace of client remote control, make described video sensor from summit B ' and aligning that the summit A of described crops object moves to another adjacent crops object, trigger the distance (L that described distance measuring sensor is measured this summit B ' thus
2) and the angle of pitch α of described The Cloud Terrace measuring and calculating summit B '
2With the horizontal swing angle (α that moves to summit B ' from summit A
4), and obtain the parameter of measurement; According to the described L that obtains
2, described α
2And described α
4L by formula
AB '=f (L
1* sin α
1, L
2* sin α
2, α
4) calculate spacing in the rows or the spacing in the rows of crops, L in the formula
AB 'Be spacing in the rows or the spacing in the rows of calculating.
15. in accordance with the method for claim 14, it is characterized in that,
Described The Cloud Terrace rotates under the control of centralized control command and/or moves, the crops object that described video sensor is aimed in the described calibration zone is taken corresponding video image, and described information acquisition fore device sends to described remote service end and/or client with the video signal in the described calibration zone of described video sensor shooting by described data processing equipment;
Described remote service end and/or client according to the described plant height that calculates, line-spacing and or spacing in the rows production information and/or the video image in the described calibration zone carried out image recognition, further identification unit of account area crop growth density, obtain crops each growing stage upgrowth situation and growing way, and specific yield and/or the per mu yield of calculating crops.
16. in accordance with the method for claim 15, it is characterized in that,
Described remote service end and/or client are further measured proportion of crop planting density in the described calibration zone at the crops different growing; Wherein:
In seedling stage for the do not tiller crop and the crop that tillers, estimate described proportion of crop planting density by described spacing in the rows and the described line-spacing of measuring crops in the described calibration zone;
For the tillering of the described crop that tillers, jointing and heading stage, carry out image recognition by video signal to described calibration zone, dose goes out the total stem number of unit area, the number of productive ear of the crops in the described calibration zone, and then obtains the proportion of crop planting density information.
17. according to claim 15 or 16 described methods, it is characterized in that,
Described remote service end and/or client are carried out image recognition to the video image in the described calibration zone, specifically comprise:
Described video image is carried out pre-service, and described pre-service comprises one or more processing in image smoothing, image transformation, figure image intensifying, image recovery and the image filtering;
From through extracting the production information feature the described pretreated image, described production information feature comprises based on color characteristic, based on morphological feature and based in the textural characteristics one or more;
Carry out categorised decision according to the described production information feature of extracting and in conjunction with expertise solution bank data, pass judgment on out the eigenwert of crucial puberty of crops, number of productive ear, grain number per spike Isoquant information.
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