CN102102777B - 一种磁浮式智能阀 - Google Patents

一种磁浮式智能阀 Download PDF

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CN102102777B
CN102102777B CN201110058110XA CN201110058110A CN102102777B CN 102102777 B CN102102777 B CN 102102777B CN 201110058110X A CN201110058110X A CN 201110058110XA CN 201110058110 A CN201110058110 A CN 201110058110A CN 102102777 B CN102102777 B CN 102102777B
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water
valve
floating piston
design
seat
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CN102102777A (zh
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王子奂
陈跃进
杨立
肖大林
赵新国
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Yang Li
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HUANGSHI CITY HAICHENG ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • F16K31/086Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet the magnet being movable and actuating a second magnet connected to the closing element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/36Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
    • F16K31/38Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor in which the fluid works directly on both sides of the fluid motor, one side being connected by means of a restricted passage and the motor being actuated by operating a discharge from that side
    • F16K31/383Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor in which the fluid works directly on both sides of the fluid motor, one side being connected by means of a restricted passage and the motor being actuated by operating a discharge from that side the fluid acting on a piston
    • F16K31/3835Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor in which the fluid works directly on both sides of the fluid motor, one side being connected by means of a restricted passage and the motor being actuated by operating a discharge from that side the fluid acting on a piston the discharge being effected through the piston and being blockable by a mechanically-actuated member making contact with the piston

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Float Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种磁浮式智能阀,具有阀座,阀座上开有进、出水口和进、出水道,且在阀座上部设有过水腔,过水腔分别与进出、水道连通,在过水腔上安装有磁浮阀组,其特征是:所述磁浮阀组具有缸座,缸座腔内装浮动活塞,在浮动活塞的中心处开有通水孔,靠边开有延时注水孔连通过水腔或进水道;在缸座的上端面中心处设计有立柱,立柱中设计有开口朝下的盲孔,盲孔中装有滑杆,滑杆的下端装有密封垫正对浮动活塞的通水孔布置,滑杆的上端固定装有磁柱,立柱的外部装有滑套,在立柱和滑套之间安装有磁环,且在磁环的下端安装有回位弹簧,上端安装有按钮;本发明解决了现有各类延时阀门密封困难,延时结构复杂,制造成本高等问题,广泛用于各类供水、供气管路中。

Description

一种磁浮式智能阀
(一)技术领域:本发明涉及开关阀门类产品,尤其是一种磁浮式智能阀。
(二)背景技术:阀门是一种广泛用于工业、农业、国防并与人们日常工作生活密切相关的机械产品。阀门是管道系统中的重要组成部件,数量大,是系统中主要泄漏源之一,是解决节能的至关重要的一环。阀门密封性是阻止介质泄漏的能力。介质泄漏主要有内漏和外漏两种。内漏影响阀门截断介质的能力和设备的正常运行。外漏是介质从阀门内泄漏到阀外。它直接影响安全生产,能源经济损失,环境污染。因此,外漏是根本不允许的,阀门必须有可靠的密封性能。
    在现有阀门结构中,内漏密封部位是启闭件与阀座间的吻合面。外漏是填料与阀杆和填料函的配合、阀体与阀盖的连接处。外漏的第一种密封性质是动密封性质,也是密封失效的主要形式。针对不同的泄漏量,不同国家及行业制定了相应的密封等级。种类繁多。对紧密等级、耐久等级和温度等级三个方面进行评定。
    为了提高密封性能,技术上常采取高精度的研磨密封面、增加密封面的比压,提高结构的钢度。除了阀门的结构设计及制造加工对外漏影响最为明显,对阀杆与填料及填料函的加工要求最为严格。1、铸造要求很高,无各种铸造缺陷。2、提高阀杆与填料函的粗糙度、阀杆的直线度、阀盖填料函孔的垂直度和加工度。
    由于阀门填料函的结构选择,此处的密封为动密封,阀杆在转动或滑动过程中填料容易磨损,需选用特制的低泄漏填料密封及填料密封组合,严格控制填料与阀杆的间隙,填料与填料箱的间隙。
    综上所述,现有阀门制造加工要求及生产成本较高,使用寿命、使用性能受填料材料质量及介质温度等等因素影响,容易发生泄露,需要对填料定期维护更换。而现有的延时阀门中,主要采用机械式或电磁式延时结构,两种结构均较为复杂,且稳定性差,使用寿命有限。
(三)发明内容:本发明的目的就是要解决现有延时类阀门动密封件容易磨损失效,使用寿命短,加工精度要求高,延时结构复杂,制造成本高等问题,提供一种磁浮式智能阀。
本发明的具体方案是:设计有阀座,阀座上开有进、出水口和进、出水道,且在阀座上部设有过水腔,过水腔分别与进出、水道连通,在过水腔上安装有磁浮阀组,其特征是:所述磁浮阀组具有缸座,缸座的下部设计有活塞腔,腔内装浮动活塞,浮动活塞在过水腔中正对出水道的入口安装,且在浮动活塞的中心处开有通水孔连通出水道,浮动活塞上靠边开有延时注水孔连通过水腔或进水道;在缸座的上端面中心处设计有立柱,立柱中设计有开口朝下的盲孔,盲孔中装有滑杆,滑杆的下端装有密封垫正对浮动活塞的通水孔布置,滑杆的上端固定装有磁柱,且在立柱的外部装有滑套,在立柱和滑套之间安装磁环,磁环和磁柱两者磁极反向安装,且在磁环的下端安装有回位弹簧,上端安装有按钮,按钮下端设计有外止口,滑套上端设计有内止口,内外止口配合限位。
本发明中在磁浮阀组中的缸座上端面设计有螺母头,所述立柱外部的滑套是与螺母头螺纹对接。当然还可以焊接或采用螺栓等连接件进行对接安装。
为方便加工装配,本发明中在磁浮阀组的缸座与阀座之间安装有密封盖板,配有密封垫。
为了阀门关闭可靠,本发明在磁浮阀组的浮动活塞下端面开有凹槽,凹槽中装有密封圈。
为提高阀门的使用可靠性,本发明在按钮外部安装有防尘罩,防尘罩内腔与滑套外壁滑动配合连接。
为了适应不同管道布置状况,方便出水安装,本发明中在阀座侧壁上分四个方向,设计有一个进水口连通进水道,三个出水口连通出水道。
为了实现节约用水,满足大小使用水量不同的需要,本发明可设计成双延时双头阀门结构,具体是在阀座的过水腔上安装有两组磁浮阀组,对应在阀座的出水道上设计有两个出水道入口;并且其中一个磁浮阀组中的浮动活塞上的延时注水孔之孔径比另一个磁浮阀组中的浮动活塞上的延时注水孔之孔径小。同时在两组磁浮阀组外部设有外罩,该外罩与阀座固定安装,以使阀门外形美观。
本发明的工作原理是:打开阀门,向下按动按钮(参见图8),使磁环向下运动,当磁环上端面超过磁柱中线后,则磁环和磁柱同性相斥,磁柱被推起向上运动,磁柱带动滑杆下端脱离浮动活塞,使通水孔打开,通过进水口、进水道、进水腔、注水孔,进入浮动活塞上部空腔中的水(或气等介质),迅速通过通水孔排出泄压,并使浮动活塞上浮,则浮动活塞打开出水道入口,水(或气等介质),通过进水口、进水道、过水腔高速进入出水道从出水口排放。松开按钮(参见图9),在回位弹簧的作用下,推磁环和按钮到上极限位,磁环则推磁极(同性相斥原理)带动滑杆向下封闭浮动活塞上的通水孔,同时推动浮动活塞向下封闭出水道入口,并且水(或气等介质)通过延时注水孔进入浮动活塞的上腔,直至浮动活塞完全封死出水道入口,从而关闭阀门。延时注水孔的孔径大小根据延时长短确定,孔径小则延时长,孔径大则延时短。
本发明结构紧凑,取消了阀杆填料、填料函;采用磁浮技术,开启组件全封密、无接触、无摩擦、无润滑,密封极为可靠,避免了介质外漏的可能性,使用寿命长;各零部件加工精度要求不高,延时结构极为简单,制造成本低,安装简便,免维护,可广泛用于日常生活、工业生产中的供水、供气管路中。
(四)附图说明:
图1是本发明中的阀座的俯视图;
图2是图1的A-A剖视图;
图3是图1的B-B剖视图;
图4是本发明总体结构的主剖视图;
图5是图4的C-C剖视图;
图6是图4的D-D剖视图;
图7是图5的F-F剖视图;
图8是本发明中磁浮阀组处在打开状态主剖视图;
图9是本发明中磁浮阀组处在关闭状态主剖视图。
图中:1-阀座,2、3、4-出水口,5-进水道,6-进水口,7-过水腔,8-出水道入口,9-出水道,10-密封盖板,11-磁浮阀组,12-外罩,13-活塞腔,14-防尘罩,15-按钮,16-滑套,17-磁柱,18-立柱,19-磁环,20-回位弹簧,21-滑杆,22-螺母头,23-缸座,24-密封垫,25-浮动活塞,26-延时注水孔,27-密封圈,28-通水孔,29-限位台阶。
(五)具体实施方式:
    制作一个用于卫生间的冲水阀,参见图4-7,为了节省用水,设计一个双头组合,双延时磁浮式智能阀,它具有两组磁浮阀组11,对应在阀座1的出水道9上设计有两个出水道入口;并且其中一个磁浮阀组11中的浮动活塞25上的延时注水孔26之孔径比另一个磁浮阀组11中的浮动活塞25上的延时注水孔26之孔径小。本发明的具体实施方式是:采用铝合金(或铜、不锈钢等材料),按图1-3制作阀座1,按图4、5的描述制作一个具有两个螺纹孔的密封盖板10,采用密封垫和螺母将密封盖板10和阀座1装为一体。其中阀座1具体结构如图1-3,其上开有一个进水口6和三个出水口2、3、4,(在现场安装后,一般只保留一个出水口,另外两个堵塞,也可以只设计一个方向的常用出水口),以及进水道5、出水道9,出水道9上面开有两个出水道入口8。按图8或图9,制作两个磁浮阀组11,每个磁浮阀组11具有缸座23,缸座23的下部设计有活塞腔13,腔内装浮动活塞25,浮动活塞25在过水腔7中正对出水道9的出水道入口8安装,且在浮动活塞25的中心处开有通水孔28连通出水道9,浮动活塞25上靠边开有延时注水孔26连通过水腔7或进水道5;在缸座23的上端面中心处设计有立柱18,立柱18外部制有限位台阶29,(应保证磁环上端面通过磁柱中线),立柱18中设计有开口朝下的盲孔,盲孔中装有滑杆21,滑杆21的下端装有密封垫24正对浮动活塞25的通水孔28布置,滑杆21的上端固定装有磁柱17,立柱18的外部装有滑套16,在立柱18和滑套16之间安装磁环19,磁环19和磁柱17两者磁极反向安装,且在磁环19的下端安装有回位弹簧20,上端安装有按钮15,按钮15下端设计有外止口,滑套16上端设计有内止口,内外止口配合限位。并且在磁浮阀组11中的缸座23上端面设计有螺母头22,所述立柱18外部的滑套16是与螺母头22螺纹对接,在磁浮阀组11的浮动活塞25下端面开有凹槽,凹槽中装有密封圈27,在按钮15外部安装有防尘罩14,防尘罩14内腔与滑套16外壁滑动配合连接。最后将两个磁浮阀组11与密封盖板10上的两个螺纹孔采用密封带装为一体。为了美观在两组磁浮阀组11外部设有外罩12,该外罩12与阀座1固定安装,即构成本发明。
    本发明根据市场需要还可以制成单头结构,即在上述实施例中取消一个磁浮阀组11,将阀座总体积缩小,对应密封盖板上保留一个螺纹孔,出水道上保留一个出水道入口即可。

Claims (8)

1.磁浮式智能阀,具有阀座,阀座上开有进水口、出水口和进水道、出水道,且在阀座上部设有过水腔,过水腔分别与进水道和出水道连通,在过水腔上安装有磁浮阀组,其特征是:所述磁浮阀组具有缸座,缸座的下部设计有活塞腔,腔内装浮动活塞,浮动活塞在过水腔中正对出水道入口安装,且在浮动活塞的中心处开有通水孔连通出水道,浮动活塞上开有延时注水孔连通过水腔或进水道;在缸座的上端面中心处设计有立柱,立柱中设计有开口朝下的盲孔,盲孔中装有滑杆,滑杆的下端装有密封垫正对浮动活塞的通水孔布置,滑杆的上端固定装有磁柱,且在立柱的外部装有滑套,在立柱和滑套之间安装磁环,磁环和磁柱两者磁极反向安装,且在磁环的下端安装有回位弹簧,上端安装有按钮,按钮下端设计有外止口,滑套上端设计有内止口,内外止口配合限位。
2.根据权利要求1所述的磁浮式智能阀,其特征是:在磁浮阀组中的缸座上端面设计有螺母头,所述立柱外部的滑套是与螺母头螺纹对接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的磁浮式智能阀,其特征是:在磁浮阀组的缸座与阀座之间安装有密封盖板,配有密封垫。
4.根据权利要求1所述的磁浮式智能阀,其特征是:在磁浮阀组的浮动活塞下端面开有凹槽,凹槽中装有密封圈。
5.根据权利要求1所述的磁浮式智能阀,其特征是:在按钮外部安装有防尘罩,防尘罩内腔与滑套外壁滑动配合连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的磁浮式智能阀,其特征是:在阀座侧壁上分四个方向,设计有一个进水口连通进水道,三个出水口连通出水道。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的磁浮式智能阀,其特征是:在阀座的过水腔上安装有两组磁浮阀组,对应在阀座的出水道上设计有两个出水道入口;并且其中一个磁浮阀组中的浮动活塞上的延时注水孔之孔径比另一个磁浮阀组中的浮动活塞上的延时注水孔之孔径小。
8.根据权利要求7所述的磁浮式智能阀,其特征是:在两组磁浮阀组外部设有外罩,该外罩与阀座固定安装。
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