CN102102606B

CN102102606B - Viscosity control type marine engine heavy oil multi-stage heating system and heating method

Info

Publication number: CN102102606B
Application number: CN2011100525364A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王谦; 张程程
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2011-03-04
Filing date: 2011-03-04
Publication date: 2012-11-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-04
Also published as: CN102102606A

Abstract

The invention discloses a viscosity control type marine engine heavy oil multi-stage heating system and a heating method, and relates to a treatment technology before marine engine heavy oil combustion. In the invention, heavy oil fluidity in an oil storage cabinet is guaranteed by using after heat of circulating water; the heavy oil precipitation temperature in a precipitation tank is maintained; the dehydration temperature and the solid impurity removal temperature of heavy oil in a dehydration heating cabinet and a solid impurity separation heating cabinet are maintained by tail gas heat exchange respectively; the viscosity of the heavy oil in an atomization heating cabinet is controlled by a heating mode in which the tail gas heat exchange is adopted as a major mode and resistance heating is adopted as a supplementary mode; and the temperature and the viscosity are instantaneously controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) by taking the viscosity as a final heating control index, so that the viscosity of the heavy oil meets the requirements of filtration and atomizing combustion. In the invention, the heavy oil is at the optimal temperature in various processing processes by a multi-stage heating mode by using the after heat of the circulating water and the tail gas of the engine; and the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high energy utilization rate, reduced emission and reduced running cost.

Description

Multistage heating system of viscosity Control formula marine engine heavy oil and heating means

Technical field

The present invention relates to the preceding treatment technology of a kind of marine engine heavy oil combustion, mainly is a kind of marine engine heat recovery, the multistage heating system of viscosity Control formula heavy oil and heating means.

Background technique

The combustion heavy oil engine be faced with heavy oil mobile poor, be prone to solidify, problem such as atomizing effect difference; As do not address these problems and to make motor Economy, emission performance all reduce; Though technology such as heavy oil emulsive, in-cylinder water injection, air inlet humidification have been improved the mobile of fuel oil and have been reduced the NO discharging to a certain extent; But make fuel oil fully to burn, the calorific value waste is serious, has increased operating cost; Improve atomizing effect though improve jet pressure; But increased the requirement of motor, like paper: open administration, Zhao Wei to reliability. " marine low speed diesel engine emission control and countermeasure ". point out that the water content of diesel oil water and milk fuel surpasses 20% in (2002) 146 pages of Oceanography Institute Of Zhejiang's journal the 21st volumes; The diesel engine starting difficulty; Be difficult for during low-load catching fire, cause the diesel engine running unstable, influence the mechanical property and the noise of diesel engine; Paper: Wu Jinyuan for another example; Dong Yimin. " high-power diesel engine emission purification peculiar to vessel and control ". mention the every minimizing of the method 10%NOx that uses direct water filling or inject steam in 107 pages in rolling stock's the 23rd volume supplementary issue (2003), expectation will increase by 1%～2% fuel consumption rate, increases the mechanical burden of oil supply system simultaneously; Improve jet pressure, make injection apparatus produce integrity problem easily; Biodiesel viscosity is high, the atomizing difficulty, and firing effect is relatively poor; Advanced combustion manner such as homogeneous compression-ignition technology also do not reach the level that is applied on the marine engine at present; External purification is also cured the symptoms, not the disease, and has increased user cost greatly; Marine diesel engine all is provided with heavy fuel heater at present, and heating heavy oil can improve its mobile performance and atomizing effect to reduce its viscosity, makes abundant burning.Fuel qualities is different, external environment is different; The temperature of identical fuel-viscosity variation value correspondence is also different; Marine engine fuel heater in the market all is to be that standard adds heat control with the temperature; Like patent 200720187910.0 " the heavy oil heating apparatus of marine internal combustion engine ", 200520023006.7 " multi-tube heavy oil electric heaters ", the easy like this fuel-viscosity variation that causes does not reach normal requirement mobile, that atomize and burn.

Summary of the invention

Not good in order to overcome in the above-mentioned combustion heavy oil engine fuel Heating process atomizing and firing effect; Make full use of the heat of recirculated cooling water and tail gas simultaneously; Fuel-viscosity variation is realized accurately control, and the present invention provides a kind of multistage heating system of viscosity Control formula marine engine heavy oil and operating method.

Realize that technological scheme of the present invention is:

The multistage heating system of viscosity Control formula marine engine heavy oil comprises that heavy oil sprays branch road, circulating water heating branch road, recycle oil heating branch road, tail gas heat-exchange system and ECU; Described heavy oil sprays branch road and comprises that oil conservater, settling tank, dehydrothermal cabinet, solid impurity separate cabinet, atomizing heating cabinet, semi-automatic filter, viscosity sensor, Injection Pump and oil nozzle; Be linked in sequence through the heavy oil pipeline between each constituent element; Be provided with oil circulating pump between oil conservater and the settling tank; Settling tank and dehydrothermal cabinet also are provided with oil circulating pump; The dehydrothermal cabinet separates with solid impurity and is provided with the dehydration seperator between the heating cabinet, and solid impurity separates heating cabinet and is provided with the solid impurity seperator between the heating cabinet with atomizing; A said circulating water heating route can control circle water flow first circulating water heating branch road and the second circulation heating branch road form; First circulating water heating branch road passes through oil conservater; The second circulation heating branch road is through settling tank, and every a circulating water heating route circulating water pump, automatically controlled throttle valve and heat exchange pipeline are formed; Recycle oil heats a route can heat branch road and second recycle oil heating branch road composition by control circle oil flow first recycle oil; First recycle oil heating branch road separates heating cabinet through the dehydrothermal cabinet with solid impurity; Second recycle oil heating branch road is through the atomizing heating cabinet, and every a recycle oil heating route oil circulating pump, automatically controlled throttle valve and heat exchange pipeline are formed; The tail gas heat-exchange system is made up of tail gas first-class heat exchanger, recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit and tail gas secondary heat exchanger; Tail gas first-class heat exchanger and recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit heat-shift; Recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit and tail gas secondary heat exchanger heat-shift, recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit is made up of heat exchange circulating line and oil circulating pump; Described oil conservater, settling tank, dehydrothermal cabinet, solid impurity separate heating cabinet and the atomizing heating cabinet is provided with thermocouple; Thermocouple sends temperature information to ECU; Described first circulating water heating branch road, second circulating water heating branch road, first recycle oil heating branch road and second recycle oil heating branch road are provided with automatically controlled throttle valve, and automatically controlled throttle valve is controlled in real time according to the information of thermocouple and viscosity sensor input by ECU the circuit water yield and oil mass are controlled.

The multistage heating system of described viscosity Control formula marine engine heavy oil; It is characterized in that: described atomizing heating cabinet is provided with heating resistor; Heating resistor is by ABAP Adapter; Electrodeless electrically switchable grating and resistance wire are formed, and heating resistor is controlled by ECU as assistant heating equipment, is used for supplementary heating under the less situation of tail gas amount.

The present invention utilizes the circulating water waste heat to guarantee that the heavy oil in the oil conservater is mobile; The heavy oil temperature of keeping in the settling tank is best precipitation temperature; Adopt the tail gas heat exchange to keep the best dehydration temperaturre and the best solid impurity temperature of removing of the heavy oil in dehydration seperator and the solid impurity respectively, it is main that the atomizing heating cabinet adopts the tail gas heat exchange, and resistance heating is the mode of heating of assisting; With viscosity is final heating controlling index; Adopt ECU Instantaneous Control temperature, viscosity, make furol viscosity meet and filter and the atomization combustion requirement, guarantee that motor normally moves.

The present invention recycles engine cycles water and using waste heat from tail gas, adopts multistage mode of heating to make fuel oil in various processing procedures, all be in optimum temperature, and is simple in structure, easy to operate, and energy utilization rate is high, has reduced discharging, has reduced operating cost.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further:

Fig. 1 is a structural principle schematic representation of the present invention;

As shown in Figure 1, label is represented respectively among the figure: 1.ECU 2. circulating water pump 3,6,15; 19,22,24,26. automatically controlled throttle valve 4; 16,17,21; 25. thermocouple 5.

oil conservaters

7,10,31; 34. oil circulating pump 8,11. valves 9. settling tanks 12.

dehydrothermal cabinets

13,18. valves 14. dehydration seperators 20. solid impurities separate heating cabinet 23. solid impurity seperators 27. atomizing heating cabinets 28. automatically controlled electrodeless switch 29. resistance wires 30. power supplys 32. tail gas secondary heat exchangers 33. semi-automatic filter 35. viscosity sensors 36. oil pumps 37. tail gas first-class heat exchanger 38. oil nozzles.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the multistage heating system of viscosity Control formula marine engine heavy oil is mainly sprayed branch road, circulating water heating branch road, recycle oil heating branch road and tail gas heat-exchange system by heavy oil; Wherein circulating water heating branch road is that settling tank and oil conservater provide the thermal source heating, and ECU1 sends command signal according to the temperature range that is provided with to automatically controlled throttle valve 3,6; Automatically controlled throttle valve 3,6 changes aperture according to instruction and realizes the adjusting of heating-up temperature with control circle water flow, and wherein the heavy oil temperature in the oil conservater 5 is controlled at 35 ℃～40 ℃; Prevent that heavy oil from solidifying; Increase flowability, the heavy oil temperature in the settling tank 9 is controlled at 60 ℃～70 ℃, to reach best sedimentation effect; Wherein the recycle oil heating system is made up of tail gas first-class heat exchanger 37, tail gas secondary heat exchanger 32, recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit, first recycle oil heating branch road and second recycle oil heating branch road; Heat transferring medium is a conduction oil in the tail gas first-class heat exchanger 37; Conduction oil passes to the heat of tail gas the heat transferring medium oil of tail gas secondary heat exchanger 32 through recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit; Circulatory mediator oil is through the heavy oil of first recycle oil heating branch road thermal dehydration heating cabinet 12 and 20 li of solid impurity separating heaters; Through the heavy oil of 27 li of second recycle oil heating branch road heating atomization heating cabinets, wherein the heavy oil temperature of 12 li in dehydrothermal cabinet is controlled at 75 ℃～85 ℃, to reach best dehydration effect; The heavy oil temperature that solid impurity separates 20 li of heating cabinets is controlled at 85 ℃～90 ℃, to reach best solid impurity separating effect; Thermocouple 16,21,25 pass to ECU1 with the temperature information of gathering; To automatically controlled

throttle valve

15,19,22 send command signal to ECU1 according to the temperature range that is provided with; Automatically controlled throttle valve changes aperture according to instruction and realizes the adjusting of heating-up temperature with the flow of control circle water or recycle oil medium, and viscosity sensor 35 is passed to ECU1 with the viscosity information of the heavy oil of gathering, ECU1 according to the furol viscosity size in the range of viscosities that is provided with to automatically controlled throttle valve 24; 26 send command signal, and viscosity is crossed the low throttle valve opening that then reduces, and heavy oil temperature reduces viscosity and raises; The too high throttle valve opening that then increases of viscosity; Heavy oil temperature rising viscosity reduces, if it is too high to have exceeded the heating-up temperature upper limit and the furol viscosity of second recycle oil heating branch road, ECU1 then sends instruction to the automatically controlled stepless switch 28 of heating resistor; Starting assistant heating resistance heats to meet until viscosity to heavy oil requirement is set; The furol viscosity of 27 li of heating cabinets of atomizing is controlled at 9cst～14cst according to different needs, has avoided viscosity too high and flow resistance that cause increases, and fogdrop diameter is bigger; The problems such as sprayability difference of heavy oil during from oil nozzle 38 ejection makes viscosity be unlikely to the wearing and tearing between the precision pair surface between low and aggravation Injection Pump 36 and the oil nozzle 38 again.

Claims

1. the multistage heating system of viscosity Control formula marine engine heavy oil is characterized in that: said system comprises that heavy oil sprays branch road, circulating water heating branch road, recycle oil heating branch road, tail gas heat-exchange system and ECU; Described heavy oil sprays branch road and comprises that oil conservater, settling tank, dehydrothermal cabinet, solid impurity separate heating cabinet, atomizing heating cabinet, semi-automatic filter, viscosity sensor, Injection Pump and oil nozzle; Be linked in sequence through the heavy oil pipeline between each constituent element; Be provided with oil circulating pump between oil conservater and the settling tank; Settling tank and dehydrothermal cabinet also are provided with oil circulating pump; The dehydrothermal cabinet separates with solid impurity and is provided with the dehydration seperator between the heating cabinet, and solid impurity separates heating cabinet and is provided with the solid impurity seperator between the heating cabinet with atomizing; A said circulating water heating route can control circle water flow first circulating water heating branch road and second circulating water heating branch road form; First circulating water heating branch road passes through oil conservater; Second circulating water heating branch road is through settling tank, and every a circulating water heating route circulating water pump, automatically controlled throttle valve and heat exchange pipeline are formed; Recycle oil heats a route can heat branch road and second recycle oil heating branch road composition by control circle oil flow first recycle oil; First recycle oil heating branch road separates heating cabinet through the dehydrothermal cabinet with solid impurity; Second recycle oil heating branch road is through the atomizing heating cabinet, and every a recycle oil heating route oil circulating pump, automatically controlled throttle valve and heat exchange pipeline are formed; The tail gas heat-exchange system is made up of tail gas first-class heat exchanger, recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit and tail gas secondary heat exchanger; Tail gas first-class heat exchanger and recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit heat-shift; Recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit and tail gas secondary heat exchanger heat-shift, recycle oil heat exchange oil circuit is made up of heat exchange circulating line and oil circulating pump; Described oil conservater, settling tank, dehydrothermal cabinet, solid impurity separate heating cabinet and the atomizing heating cabinet is provided with thermocouple; Thermocouple sends temperature information to ECU; Described first circulating water heating branch road, second circulating water heating branch road, first recycle oil heating branch road and second recycle oil heating branch road are provided with automatically controlled throttle valve, and automatically controlled throttle valve is controlled in real time according to the information of thermocouple and viscosity sensor input by ECU the circuit water yield and oil mass are controlled.

2. the multistage heating system of viscosity Control formula marine engine heavy oil as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: described atomizing heating cabinet is provided with heating resistor; Heating resistor is by ABAP Adapter; Electrodeless electrically switchable grating and resistance wire are formed, and heating resistor is controlled by ECU as assistant heating equipment, is used for supplementary heating under the less situation of tail gas amount.

3. multistage heating means of viscosity Control formula heavy oil; Heavy oil is pumped in the settling tank through oil pump by oil conservater and precipitates, and is pumped in the dehydrothermal cabinet through oil pump by settling tank and dewaters, and enters into solid impurity separation heating cabinet through the dehydration seperator again and carries out the solid impurity separation; Enter into the viscosity of atomizing heating cabinet adjustment heavy oil again through the solid impurity seperator; Spray from oil nozzle through semi-automatic filter, viscosity sensor and Injection Pump again, it is characterized in that: utilize the circulating water waste heat to guarantee that the heavy oil in the oil conservater is mobile, keep the heavy oil precipitation temperature in the settling tank; Adopting the tail gas heat exchange to keep the dehydrothermal cabinet respectively separates the dehydration temperaturre of the heavy oil in the heating cabinet and removes the solid impurity temperature with solid impurity; It is main that the atomizing heating cabinet adopts the tail gas heat exchange, and resistance heating is the furol viscosity in the mode of heating control atomizing heating cabinet of assisting, and is final heating controlling index with viscosity; Adopt ECU Instantaneous Control temperature, viscosity, make furol viscosity meet and filter and the atomization combustion requirement.

4. the multistage heating means of viscosity Control formula heavy oil as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the heavy oil temperature in the said oil conservater is controlled at 35 ℃～40 ℃, prevents that heavy oil from solidifying, and increases mobile.

5. the multistage heating means of viscosity Control formula heavy oil as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the heavy oil temperature in the said settling tank is controlled at 60 ℃～70 ℃, to reach best sedimentation effect.

6. the multistage heating means of viscosity Control formula heavy oil as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the heavy oil temperature of said dehydrothermal cabinet (12) lining is controlled at 75 ℃～85 ℃, to reach best dehydration effect.

7. the multistage heating means of viscosity Control formula heavy oil as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the heavy oil temperature that said solid impurity separates heating cabinet (20) lining is controlled at 85 ℃～90 ℃, to reach best solid impurity separating effect.

8. the multistage heating means of viscosity Control formula heavy oil as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the furol viscosity in the atomizing heating cabinet is controlled at 9cst～14cst according to different needs.