CN102100143A - Grass cutter - Google Patents
Grass cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102100143A CN102100143A CN2010105486376A CN201010548637A CN102100143A CN 102100143 A CN102100143 A CN 102100143A CN 2010105486376 A CN2010105486376 A CN 2010105486376A CN 201010548637 A CN201010548637 A CN 201010548637A CN 102100143 A CN102100143 A CN 102100143A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grass cutter which comprises a shell, a motor, a blade, a power providing device and a control device, wherein the motor is connected to the shell and provided with a motor shaft; the blade is used for cutting grass, connected to the motor shaft, and provided with at least one cutting blade; the power providing device provides energy for the motor when the grass cutter works so as to drive the blade to rotate at a cutting speed; and the control device is used for fixing the cutting speed at at least one preset constant rotating speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic mower, the power-operated mower that especially a kind of cutting speed can be constant.
Background technology
As the instrument that is suitable for finishing lawn rapidly and efficiently, mower is extensive in applications such as urban afforestation and family's weedings.Consider for reducing air-polluting, power-operated mower more receives an acclaim than the steam-operating mower, and the wireless mower of direct current is because its freedom that moves more is subjected to user's favor, and, direct current generator has good speed adjusting performance, as can realize that stepless speed regulation, speed-regulating range width, low-speed performance are good, high starting torque, high efficiency etc.
Yet various mowers all still bring severe noise to pollute to urban environment.
The noise of mower is mainly produced by the high speed rotating of motor and blade, usually can reach more than 90 decibels, and the people will feel tangible discomfort in the noisy environment more than 50 decibels, so mower can have a strong impact on resident's on every side normal life when work.
Usually between 3000-4000 changeed, this speed had very excellent cutting effect to the rotating speed of the cutting blade of mower.But then, the rotating speed of cutting blade is lower than 3000 when changeing being reduced to, still the lower grass of cutting that can be good.And, reduce the working speed of mower, can reduce the noise that mower produces effectively, but this also can bring the decline of cutting higher efficient when careless simultaneously.Therefore, select suitable rotating speed, between mowing efficient and noise, obtain a balance than difficult, and this will make mower only can cut off more shallow grass, thereby limit the scope of application of mower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mower of low noise.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of mower comprises: housing; Be connected the motor on the housing, described motor has motor shaft; The blade that is used to mow, described blade is connected on the described motor shaft, and has at least one cutting edge; Power supplying apparatus, described power supplying apparatus provides energy for motor when mower is worked, rotate with a cutting speed thereby drive blade; Speed control unit, speed control unit is fixed at least one default constant rotational speed with described cutting speed.
Preferably, described at least one default constant rotational speed goes between per minute 3800 commentaries on classics at per minute 2000.
Preferably, described at least one default constant rotational speed goes between per minute 3000 commentaries on classics at per minute 2000.
Preferably, described speed control unit comprises velocity sensor, is used to detect the current cutting speed of blade; Comparing element is used for determining the current cutting speed and the deviation of described default constant rotational speed; The energy control element is used to adjust the energy that offers direct current generator from battery, so that described deviation levels off to zero, cutting speed becomes with described default constant rotational speed and equates.
Preferably, described default constant rotational speed is that per minute 2500 changes.
Preferably, described default constant rotational speed is that per minute 3000 changes.
Preferably, comprise speed selection mechanism, described speed selection mechanism connects described speed control unit, is used to set described speed control unit, makes speed control unit can select cutting speed with blade to be fixed in a plurality of default constant rotational speed one.
Preferably, the selectable cutting speed with blade of described speed selection mechanism is fixed on the 2500 default constant rotational speed and 3000 of changeing per minutes changes in the default constant rotational speed of per minutes one.
Preferably, the length of described blade is 460 millimeters.
Preferably, described velocity sensor is Hall element or photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, described comparing element is a microprocessor.
Preferably, described energy control element is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.
Preferably, described comparing element is for carrying out the microprocessor of PID algorithm, described microprocessor is accepted the tach signal of velocity sensor, is used for calculating and output pulse width duty-cycle signal to metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, with the conducting turn-off time of control metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.
Preferably, described comparing element also is used for the size of comparison cutting speed and a default stall speed, and less than default preset time of stall speed, described energy control element is ended battery and provided energy to direct current generator as if cutting speed
Preferably, described power supplying apparatus is the battery that is installed in the housing, and described motor is a direct current generator.
Preferably, described power supplying apparatus is that alternating current inserts mechanism, and described motor is an alternating current generator.
The beneficial effect of the technical program is: mower has lower noise, thereby has less environmental pollution and preferable operating experience when guaranteeing cutting efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of mower of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the speed control unit of mower of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of the speed control unit of mower of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the constant speed control flow chart of mower of the present invention;
Wherein:
1 mower, 14 speed control units, 28 speed selection mechanisms
The current rotating speed of 3 housings, 16 velocity sensor n
4 motors, 18 comparing element n* preset constant rotational speed
6 motor shafts, 20 energy control element Δ n rotating speed deviations
8 blades, 22 grooves, 30 main switches
10 cutting edges, 24 inner recess zone, 32 transforming circuits
12 batteries, 26 blade cavitys, 34 transforming circuits
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Mower of the present invention can be an any type, as, mower optionally can be for exchanging mower or direct current mower, can be rotary mower, air supporting and cartridge type mower, can be hand-push type mower, self-powered mower or fully-automatic intelligent mower, the particular type of mower does not influence enforcement of the present invention yet.Mower has power supplying apparatus, if be specially mower with alternating current generator, then its power supplying apparatus should be the alternating current access device mutually, if be specially the mower with direct current generator, then its power supplying apparatus should be the battery that is installed in the housing mutually.
Figure 1 shows that having of the specific embodiment of the present invention mower 1 speed control unit, that have direct current generator.Mower 1 comprises housing 3, and housing 3 is provided with groove 22, and groove 22 is used to lay battery 12, and this battery 12 provides the energy for the various functions of mower 1.Preferably, adopt the chargeable cell of 36 volts of rated voltages, rated current 12 peaces in the present embodiment, yet the battery of other models also is available, for example, the chargeable cell of 24 volts of rated voltages, rated current 17 peaces.Connect on the housing 3 of mower 1 and extend the handle that grips and promote mower 1 walking for the operator, handle is provided with the function control unit of mower, as the self-powered speed regulating element of switch and mower.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of speed control unit 14 of the present invention, and with further reference to Fig. 2, mower 1 also comprises being used to provide rotate to be exported to drive the motor 4 that blade 8 is mowed, and motor 4 has the motor shaft 6 that an output rotatablely moves.In the present embodiment, motor 4 is a direct current generator, is specifically as follows direct current permanent magnet motor or dc brushless motor; The housing 3 of mower 1 is recessed in the inside of following direction mower 1, form a blade cavity 26, hold the blade 8 that is useful on cutting finishing turf in the blade cavity 26, the motor shaft 6 of blade 8 and mowing motor 4 directly is connected, and any reduction gear device is not established in the centre.A side at the two ends of blade 8 forms cutting edge 10 respectively, and cutting edge 10 is the arc convex shape, and blade 8 has an inner recess zone 24, is used to raise the broken grass under the cutting.Yet blade structure is not limited to above-mentioned mode, and for example, blade can be overall shaped into the S shape, also can be roughly linearly, and the concrete form of blade does not influence enforcement of the present invention.Present embodiment also comprises the electronic drive motors (figure does not show) that is used for driving along the lawn of needs finishing mower 1, and this drive motors operationally is connected with battery 12.
Be provided with speed control unit 14 between battery 12 and the motor 4, speed control unit 14 comprises the velocity sensor 16 that leans on motor 4 that faces of setting, velocity sensor 16 is used to monitor the current rotation speed n of motor 4, and the current rotation speed n that will monitor sends to comparing element 18.Comparing element 18 is selectable to have or not to have default constant rotational speed n*.When comparing element 18 had default constant rotational speed n*, speed control unit 14 was in the constant speed state of a control.Comparing element 18 compares the current rotation speed n and the default constant rotational speed n* of the motor 4 that velocity sensor 16 transmits, deduct default constant rotational speed n* with current rotation speed n, draw rotating speed deviation delta n, and the output of signal that will be relevant with Δ n passes to energy control element 20.Energy control element 20 is adjusted the energy that offers motor 4 from battery 12 according to the signal of comparing element 18 outputs.Be specially, when current rotation speed n greater than default constant rotational speed n*, rotating speed deviation delta n is greater than 0 o'clock, energy control element 20 reduces the energy that batteries 12 offer motor 4, and current rotation speed n is reduced, deviation delta n reduces to level off to 0; When current rotation speed n less than default constant rotational speed n*, rotating speed deviation delta n was less than 0 o'clock, energy control element 20 increases the energy that battery 12 offers motor 4, current rotation speed n is increased, rotating speed deviation delta n increases to level off to 0, speed control unit 14 constantly offers the energy of motor 4 according to rotating speed deviation delta n regulating cell 12, remain default constant rotational speed n* with the rotating speed that guarantees motor 4.When comparing element 18 did not have default constant rotational speed n*, speed control unit 14 did not limit rotating speed of motor, and speed control unit 14 is in state of a control at full speed.It is pointed out that because the motor shaft 6 of motor 4 directly is connected with blade 8, so the cutting speed of blade equals the current rotation speed n of motor.
The default constant rotational speed n* of comparing element 18 is selectable, and the operator can select according to need of work.Default constant rotational speed n* can adopt stepless time adjustment mode or gear regulative mode to set.Speed control unit 14 in the present embodiment has two grades of adjustable default constant speed value n*, and being respectively 2500 changes per minute and 3000 commentaries on classics per minutes.
Figure 3 shows that the circuit block diagram of speed control unit 14 of the present invention, this circuit comprises main switch 30, and main switch 30 is used to control opening and turn-offing of entire circuit; Comparing element 18, concrete form are microcontroller (MCU), and velocity sensor 16, concrete form are Hall element (Hall Sensor) or photoelectric sensor, and energy control element 20, concrete form are metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSfet).Know easily as the people in the industry, the selection of the concrete form of these elements is various, is not limited to the concrete form in this circuit block diagram, for example, comparing element 18 also can be analog comparator, and velocity sensor 16 can be the rotary speed sensor of any kind.
Microcontroller is the main control chip of the mower 1 of present embodiment, and it is used to monitor the signal of the particular job parameter of mower 1, sends the corresponding work instruction according to calculated signals.For example, when main control chip at mower 1 stall takes place, send the instruction of shutdown; When the operator was set at 2500 commentaries on classics per minutes with rotating speed of flail, the control motor-driven blade was with 2500 commentaries on classics per minute constant speed rotations basically.Industrial, the rotating speed of blade allows 5% error up and down, and promptly 2500 commentaries on classics per minutes are meant that rotating speed of flail changes per minutes 2500 and fluctuates basically, but between per minute 2375 to per minute 2625 changes.
This circuit also comprises power supply, promptly chargeable battery 12.Battery 12 links to each other with microcontroller by main switch 30 and 32, the second transforming circuits 34 of first transforming circuit, provides voltage stabilizing 5 volts of power supplys to microcontroller.
Also comprise the motor 4 that is specially direct current permanent magnet motor in this circuit.Motor 4 is connected with battery 12 and main switch 30 with the energy control element 20 that is specially metal-oxide-semiconductor.
This circuit comprises motor speed monitoring part.Foregoing, can adopt various tachogenerators directly to monitor the rotating speed of motor 4, also can be by the voltage of monitoring motor 4 or the rotating speed that the electric current indirect calculation goes out motor 4, its concrete form is not given unnecessary details at this.In the present embodiment, adopt Hall element to detect the current rotation speed n of motor, its implementation is: sheathed 4 pairs of utmost point magnet rings on motor shaft 6, in the position of pressing close to the utmost point magnet ring hall sensing parts are set, like this, the motor shaft revolution moves a week, and the hall sensing parts are exported four voltage square wave signals, and outputs to the tach signal input of microcontroller.Microcontroller is by the quantity of the voltage square wave signal of collection in the unit interval, and can convert draws the current rotation speed n of motor.Foregoing, do not have any reducing gear between motor 4 and the blade 8, promptly the current rotation speed n of motor 4 equates with the cutting speed of the blade 8 of mower 1, yet, also reducing gear can be set between motor 4 and the blade 8.
This circuit also comprises the energy control element 20 that is specially metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.Metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor has according to the pulse width duty-cycle that receives, conducting rapidly, shutoff.In the present embodiment, microcontroller is with the frequency output pulse width duty-cycle signal of 2000HZ, and promptly pulse width duty-cycle signal has period T=0.5 millisecond.This pulse width duty-cycle signal amplifies through the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor drive circuit, becomes 12 volts by 5 volts, turn-offs with the conducting of driven MOS FET.In period T, pulse signal has a high level and a low level, and the ratio of high level and low level duration length in period T is transformable pulse width duty-cycle.Wherein, when pulse signal was high level, metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor was in the state of conducting, and this moment, the voltage of battery 12 can be applied on the motor 4 by metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor; When pulse signal was low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor was in closing state, and this moment, the voltage of battery 12 can't be applied to (but can pass through diode continuousing flow) on the motor 4 by metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.Like this, by regulating the pulse width duty-cycle of metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, voltage effectively is applied to the time on the motor 4 in promptly can regulating cycle T, promptly can regulating cycle T in battery 12 be transferred to the energy of motor 4, and on macroscopic view the voltage at battery 12 two ends in the certain hour.Because the period T duration is short, the operator on the appreciable time motor 4 be driven all the time.
This circuit also comprises speed selection mechanism 28, this speed selection mechanism 28 connects the terminal of microcontroller, set the state of the speed control unit 4 of comparing element 18 (being microprocessor) and mower 1 by the variation of level height, operate the control mode of selecting motor 4 and blade 8 velocities of rotation for the operator.In the present embodiment, three kinds of velocity modes can be selected by speed selection mechanism 28, and being respectively constant speed 2500 changes per minute, constant speed 3000 commentaries on classics per minutes, rotates at full speed.Speed selection mechanism 28 is specifically as follows the speed switch bar of knob or the speed switching push button of push type (can have the corresponding different respectively speed of a plurality of buttons) or the sliding speed switch bar or the speed changer lever of rod-type, enumerates no longer one by one at this.
Fig. 4 is that constant speed of the present invention is regulated flow chart.
As Fig. 4, when main switch 30 is opened, control circuit energising, microcontroller is preset, and presets the initialization of register that comprises in the microcontroller, and the timer adjustment that resets.In this stage, the signal of microcontroller meeting reading speed setting section input is set default constant rotational speed n*.
The pre-postpone of microcontroller enters stall and judges the stage.
In some environment, for example because blade 8 strikes object, perhaps mower 1 enters very dark when careless; the blade 8 of mower 1 can be a significant slowdown; at this moment the electric current that sends of motor 4 can sharply increase to a very high numerical value, in order to protect motor 4 and drive circuit, at this moment should turn-off mower 1.
Microcontroller receives the voltage square wave signal that Hall element sends, and draws the current rotation speed n of discernible motor 4 of microcontroller and blade 8 by the conversion of the square-wave signal quantity in the unit interval.The current rotation speed n of the motor 4 that then, conversion is drawn and default stall rotation speed n
dCompare, if motor 4 current rotation speed n are higher than default stall rotation speed n
d, then judge not stall of mower 1, program enters next stage; If the current rotation speed n of motor 4 is lower than default stall rotation speed n
d, then pick up counting, if at default stall time t
dIn, current rotation speed n rises to and is higher than default stall rotation speed n
d, then judge not stall of mower 1, program enters next stage; If motor 4 current rotation speed n are at default stall time t
dIn be lower than default stall rotation speed n all the time
d, judge that then mower 1 is in the stall state, microcontroller closes power machine 4, and mower 1 is shut down.In practice, will preset the stall speed setting between 100 to 400 commentaries on classics, between 2 to 5 seconds, be suitable with default stall time set, preferred in the present embodiment, default stall rotation speed n
dBeing set at 200 changes per minute, default stall time t
dBe set at 3 seconds.
If judge not stall of phase judgement mower 1 at stall, program enters the rotational speed regulation stage.
Foregoing, the principle of rotational speed regulation is, under the state of constant speed control, preset default constant rotational speed n* in the microcontroller, microcontroller is regulated the duty-cycle of the pulse width duty-cycle signal of output, thereby change the ON time of metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, when the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor conducting, the two ends of motor 4 just can be subjected to the voltage of dc-battery 12, when not conducting, the two ends of motor 4 are not subjected to voltage, like this, and by the duty-cycle of regulating impulse width duty-cycle signal, can regulate certain hour and impose on the time scale of motor 4 effective voltages in the cycle, and then be adjusted in the voltage that is applied to motor 4 two ends in macroscopical upward certain hour, and the energy of battery 12 outputs, and then regulate current rotation speed n.When the current rotation speed n of motor 4 is lower than default constant rotational speed n*, microcontroller is regulated the duty-cycle that reduces pulse width duty-cycle signal, the voltage at motor 4 two ends and the energy of acceptance increase, and the current rotation speed n of motor 4 is improved, and make it to approach default constant rotational speed n*; When the current rotation speed n of motor 4 is higher than default constant rotational speed n*, microcontroller is regulated the duty-cycle that improves pulse width duty-cycle signal, the voltage at motor 4 two ends and the energy of acceptance reduce, and the current rotation speed n of motor 4 reduces, and make it to approach default constant rotational speed n*.
Concrete, microcontroller compares the current rotation speed n and the default constant rotational speed n* of motor 1, draw the deviation delta n of rotating speed, microcontroller calculates according to deviation delta n and currently answers output pulse width duty-cycle signal for reaching default constant rotational speed n*, pulse width duty-cycle signal is through the amplification of metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor drive circuit and be delivered to metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, to flow to the energy of motor 4 in control battery 12 special times, reach default constant rotational speed n*.
In the present embodiment, microcontroller adopts PID (PID) algorithm to calculate the pulse signal duty-cycle of its output.Proportional-integral-differential (PID) algorithm is industrial common control algolithm.In PID control, this algorithm can calculate ratio, integration, the response of differential and this three and, calculate real output with this.
Further, present embodiment adopts increment type PID algorithm.In adjustment process, microprocessor per 50 milliseconds to the motor speed calculating of taking a sample, and with its storage, microprocessor is according to current rotating speed, rotating speed last time, last time rotating speed carries out PID and calculates again, draws output pulse width duty-cycle signal.
Concrete, the duty-cycle of pulse width modulating signal can be calculated according to following method and obtain:
The first, Hall element is measured the current rotation speed n of motor 4, and the output voltage square-wave signal is to microcontroller.
The second, microcontroller record is as front motor 4 current rotation speed n, last time motor speed n1, motor speed n2 last time again, and calculates their deviation.
Three,, adjust pulse width duty-cycle (PWM dutycycle) according to the rotating speed deviation.
Four, metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor is regulated rotating speed and is approached default constant rotational speed according to the voltage at Signal Regulation motor 4 two ends that receive.
Then, program is returned the stage of the current rotation speed n of calculating motor 4, by aforesaid judgement stall, calculating pulse width duty-cycle, regulates motor 4 rotating speeds, and circulation continues like this, till mower 1 is shut down.
The selection of default constant speed n* is below described.
On the ordinary meaning, corresponding rising of rotating speed and noise and reduction: rotating speed raises, and noise raises; Rotating speed reduces, and noise reduces.Simultaneously, rotating speed and same corresponding rising and the reduction of cutting efficiency.Rotating speed raises, and cutting efficiency raises; When rotating speed reduced, cutting efficiency also decreased.Thereby, must take into account cutting efficiency seeking the low noise while, seek an appropriate rotating speed, reach an equalization point of noise and cutting efficiency.
In the use of mower reality, when cutting some specific careless condition careless in a particular manner, do not need high efficient, at this moment, high rotational speed has also been brought extra noise pollution when significantly not improving cutting efficiency.Usually, the natural plant height of standard is 90mm, and mower 1 has the governor motion of depth of cut, optionally grass is cut to different height.The operator does not always cut with the darkest depth of cut.As industry common, the mower 1 of present embodiment has the adjustable cutting-height of 1-6 shelves, 1 grade of cutting is the most shallow, the cutting rotating speed that needs is minimum, depth of cut rises successively then, and is the darkest to 6 grades of cuttings, the cutting rotating speed that needs is the highest.Under the careless condition of standard density, when the cutting rotating speed is 2000 commentaries on classics, cutting still can have good cutting efficiency when mower 1 was in 1,2 grade, when the cutting rotating speed is 2500 commentaries on classics, mower 1 is in 1,2,3,4 grade still can have good cutting efficiency, when cutting efficiency was 3000 commentaries on classics, 1,2,3,4,5,6 grade all can have good cutting efficiency.Take all factors into consideration in conjunction with noise, when 2000 changeed, noise was very low, yet the scope of application is also smaller, only can cut the very shallow degree of depth.Rotating speed rises when reaching 2500 commentaries on classics, noise raises to some extent, but still be in acceptable scope, and, can cut 1,2,3,4 grade depth of cut, and then, when rotating speed rises to 3000 commentaries on classics per minutes, noise promotes once more, and cut coverage also promotes, and can cut the depth of cut of each gear of standard grass condition.Thereby 2500 change per minute and 3000 and change per minutes and have higher exploitativeness and adaptability, and noise is lower and range of application is wider.Yet the lawn of density overgauge grass condition also is common, in order to guarantee cutting efficiency as much as possible, and still controls noise, and mower 1 can further have the default constant rotational speed that cutting rotating speed 3800 changes per minutes.
It may be noted that simultaneously there are correlation in the cutting noise of mower and the length of blade.Concrete, blade lengths is long more, and then the noise under the same rotational speed is big more, and the cutting efficiency of blade is also high more simultaneously.In this embodiment, adopted 460 millimeters blade, cooperate 2500 to change and the 3000 default constant rotational speed of changeing accordingly, to reach optimum efficiency.
Described above is a kind of embodiment preferred, in actual design, difference according to regional disparity and use habit, default constant rotational speed can be done suitable selection between 2000 commentaries on classics per minutes to 3800 commentaries on classics per minutes, in order to control noise as much as possible, default constant rotational speed should be done suitable selection as much as possible between 2000 commentaries on classics per minutes to 3000 commentaries on classics per minutes, change per minutes as 2100,2400 change per minute, and 2700 change per minute etc.
According to test, when environmental noise during 50 decibels of left and right sides, the mower of present embodiment changes under the constant speed shelves 2500, and cutting noise is about 73 decibels; Change under the constant speed shelves 3000, cutting noise is about 76 decibels, far below the noise of about 95 decibels of common mowers.Therefore, the 2500 commentaries on classics per minutes and 3000 that have of the mower setting of present embodiment change two default constant rotational speed of per minutes.Yet, 2000 forward to 3000 change between noise all be still acceptable, and also can be wide or narrow can be applied in the actual mowing sight.
Further, the mower 1 of present embodiment also has full gear, at this gear, microcontroller is only judged whether stall of mower 1, the cutting speed of mower 1 is not done any restriction, to be suitable in some intensive especially meadow work, at this moment, noise control is in less important status relatively, and values cutting efficiency.But in fact full gear seldom can be used in the use of reality mainly as an emergency power gear, even cancellation only is provided with aforesaid two default constant rotational speed gears and also is fine.According to actual count, the mower user of family cuts the lawn one time rapidly at lawn growth season usually in per two weeks, and per usually three weeks in season mow once slowly at lawn growth.And grow the most vigorous season at turf, per two all cutting lawns once only need to use 2000 constant rotational speed of changeing just can satisfy the demands.Use 2500 constant rotational speed of changeing/3000 commentaries on classics can realize respectively per 3 week/4 week cutting a lawn and can not transshipping.Unless thereby the user surpasses January, and cutting lawns or lawn do not belong to growth kind (this is extremely rare in the domestic consumer) very rapidly; otherwise can not use full gear substantially, and the user who needs high-power full speed to mow can select the gasoline mower for use usually.According to statistics, on the staple market of direct current mower, the possibility that uses the situation appearance of full gear is no more than 2/1000ths.
In this specific embodiment, adopted default constant rotational speed, and do not adopted stepless time adjustment, this is because default constant rotational speed has remarkable advantages.
At first, default constant rotational speed can be saved user's debug time.The user is when using the adjustable mower of constant rotational speed, and a cutting rotating speed that reaches the balance of noise and efficient is sought in inevitable meeting.If adopt the stepless time adjustment mode, so, the trial and error that each terminal use need experience repeatedly just can find a suitable constant rotational speed value, and this trial and error process may be consuming time abominable than length and experience.According to end user's experiment, when presetting gear, the user needs speed governing repeatedly just can find oneself satisfied cutting speed usually for 5 to 7 times, and hundred-percent user thinks that this debug process is uncomfortable or extremely uncomfortable.Default constant rotational speed then can be removed this debug time from, and it is suitable that the terminal use only need select a default gear promptly can find, and noise and efficient reach the cutting speed of balance.
Secondly, default constant rotational speed can realize best cutting speed.The cutting tachometer value that user oneself searches out is not to be real optimum Cutting speed probably.Because may there be deviation in the judgement that the user relies on autoscopia to be made; Prior, the user lacks the precision instrument of judging that noise actual size and noise are decayed in certain distance, the noise that it is normally experienced when closely operating mower the assessment of noise, be difficult to the outer noise level of certain distance is made judgement, promptly the operator is difficult to the noise pollution of assessment mower to surrounding environment, neighbours.And in fact mower is to set very important consideration of rotating speed to the noise pollution of surrounding environment, in any case because all can't be reduced to the degree that does not influence the operator at the noise of mower center, and the noise pollution outside the certain distance is through can obviously improving after the rotating speed control.Test according to the end user equally, when the user makes the judgement of using which kind of rotating speed according to the noise of mower center separately, in fact about sixty percent user can select excessive rotating speed, and do not reach the effect that reduces ambient noise, and the user of about twenty percent can select low rotating speed, prolong the mowing time, only had the twenty percent user can select real best rotating speed.Adopt the mode of default constant rotational speed, the producer through accurate experiment, can judge the noise data and the mowing efficient of each distance segment under each speed conditions exactly, and then set best default constant rotational speed by the noise testing instrument.
Three, default constant rotational speed can provide the optimum speed of customization for particular cases such as different regions, different careless conditions.As previously mentioned, under different regions, different careless condition or some other particular cases, user's optimum Cutting rotating speed that need, that reach the balance of noise and cutting efficiency may be different.To this, the producer can set different default cutting speeds at different situations by test, provides noise solution targetedly.
Introduce another embodiment of the present invention below.
In the present embodiment, motor 4 is an alternating current generator, and in this case, mower 1 will directly connect civil power, and chargeable cell is not set.Similar with first embodiment, mower 1 is provided with speed control unit 14, speed control unit 14 comprises the velocity sensor 16 that leans on motor 4 that faces of setting, and velocity sensor 16 is used to monitor the current rotation speed n of motor 4, and the current rotation speed n that will monitor sends to comparing element 18.Comparing element 18 is selectable to have or not to have default constant rotational speed n*.When comparing element 18 had default constant rotational speed n*, speed control unit 14 was in the constant speed state of a control.Comparing element 18 compares the current rotation speed n and the default constant rotational speed n* of the motor 4 that velocity sensor 16 transmits, deduct default constant rotational speed n* with current rotation speed n, draw rotating speed deviation delta n, and the output of signal that will be relevant with Δ n passes to energy control element 20.Energy control element 20 is adjusted the energy that the ultromotivity generator offers motor 4 according to the signal of comparing element 18 outputs.Be specially, when current rotation speed n greater than default constant rotational speed n*, rotating speed deviation delta n is greater than 0 o'clock, energy control element 20 reduces the energy that power supplys offer motor 4, and current rotation speed n is reduced, deviation delta n reduces to level off to 0; When current rotation speed n less than default constant rotational speed n*, rotating speed deviation delta n was less than 0 o'clock, energy control element 20 increases the energy that power supply offers motor 4, current rotation speed n is increased, rotating speed deviation delta n increases to level off to 0, speed control unit 14 constantly offers the energy of motor 4 according to rotating speed deviation delta n regulating cell 12, remain default constant rotational speed n* with the rotating speed that guarantees motor 4.When comparing element 18 did not have default constant rotational speed n*, speed control unit 14 did not limit rotating speed of motor, and speed control unit 14 is in state of a control at full speed.It is pointed out that because the motor shaft 6 of motor 4 directly is connected with blade 8, so the cutting speed of blade equals the current rotation speed n of motor.
This mower comprises speed selection mechanism 28 equally, and the state of the speed control unit 4 of comparing element 18 and mower 1 is set in the variation that this speed selection mechanism 28 passes through the level height, operates the control mode of selecting motor 4 and blade 8 velocities of rotation for the operator.In the present embodiment, speed selection parts 22 can be selected three kinds of velocity modes, and being respectively constant speed 2500 changes per minute, constant speed 3000 commentaries on classics per minutes, rotates at full speed.Speed selection mechanism 28 is specifically as follows the speed switch bar of knob or the speed switching push button of push type (can have the corresponding different respectively speed of a plurality of buttons) or the sliding speed switch bar or the speed changer lever of rod-type, enumerates no longer one by one at this.
Mower of the present invention greatly reduces cutting noise under the situation that guarantees cutting effect, when cutting-height was low, the reduction of noise was particularly evident.
Claims (16)
1. a mower (1) comprising:
Housing (3);
Be connected the motor (4) on the housing, described motor has motor shaft (6);
The blade that is used to mow (8), described blade is connected on the described motor shaft, and has at least one cutting edge (10);
Power supplying apparatus, described power supplying apparatus provides energy for motor when mower is worked, rotate with a cutting speed thereby drive blade;
It is characterized in that:
Described mower also comprises: speed control unit (14), speed control unit is fixed at least one default constant rotational speed with described cutting speed.
2. mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described at least one default constant rotational speed goes between per minute 3800 commentaries on classics at per minute 2000.
3. mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described at least one default constant rotational speed goes between per minute 3000 commentaries on classics at per minute 2000.
4. mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described speed control unit comprises velocity sensor (16), is used to detect the current cutting speed of blade; Comparing element (18) is used for determining the current cutting speed and the deviation of described default constant rotational speed; Energy control element (20) is used to adjust the energy that offers direct current generator from battery, so that described deviation levels off to zero, cutting speed becomes with described default constant rotational speed and equates.
5. mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described default constant rotational speed is that per minute 2500 changes.
6. mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described default constant rotational speed is that per minute 3000 changes.
7. mower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise speed selection mechanism, described speed selection mechanism connects described speed control unit, be used to set described speed control unit, make speed control unit can select cutting speed with blade to be fixed in a plurality of default constant rotational speed one.
8. mower according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the selectable cutting speed with blade of described speed selection mechanism is fixed on the 2500 default constant rotational speed and 3000 of changeing per minutes changes in the default constant rotational speed of per minutes one.
9. according to claim 5 or 6 or 8 described mowers, it is characterized in that: the length of described blade is 460 millimeters.
10. mower according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described velocity sensor is Hall element or photoelectric sensor.
11. mower according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described comparing element is a microprocessor.
12. mower according to claim 11 is characterized in that: described energy control element is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.
13. mower according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: described comparing element is for carrying out the microprocessor of PID algorithm, described microprocessor is accepted the tach signal of velocity sensor, be used for calculating and output pulse width duty-cycle signal to metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, with the conducting turn-off time of control metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.
14. mower according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described comparing element also is used for the size of comparison cutting speed and a default stall speed, if cutting speed is less than default preset time of stall speed, described energy control element is ended battery and is provided energy to direct current generator.
15. mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described power supplying apparatus is the battery that is installed in the housing, and described motor is a direct current generator.
16. mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described power supplying apparatus is that alternating current inserts mechanism, and described motor is an alternating current generator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010548637.6A CN102100143B (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2010-11-03 | mower |
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| CN200910234408 | 2009-11-13 | ||
| CN200910234408.4 | 2009-11-13 | ||
| CN2009102344084 | 2009-11-13 | ||
| CN201010548637.6A CN102100143B (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2010-11-03 | mower |
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| CN102100143B CN102100143B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010101767900A Pending CN102057800A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2010-04-30 | Mower |
| CN2010105486323A Pending CN102084754A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2010-11-03 | Mowing machine |
| CN201010548637.6A Active CN102100143B (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2010-11-03 | mower |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010101767900A Pending CN102057800A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2010-04-30 | Mower |
| CN2010105486323A Pending CN102084754A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2010-11-03 | Mowing machine |
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| CN102856882A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-01-02 | 深圳博英特科技有限公司 | Motor locked rotor protection circuit and protection method thereof |
| CN106637804A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-10 | 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 | Driving method of stirring motor in the flocculation treatment process and washing machine |
| CN106856799A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-20 | 福建永强力加动力设备有限公司 | A kind of hay mover |
| SE1850245A1 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-08 | Husqvarna Ab | A power tool configured to operate in low-noise mode |
| TWI735242B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-08-01 | 優式機器人股份有限公司 | Automatic weeding apparatus and operating method thereof |
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| CN103703918A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-09 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Mower |
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| CN106856799A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-20 | 福建永强力加动力设备有限公司 | A kind of hay mover |
| SE1850245A1 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-08 | Husqvarna Ab | A power tool configured to operate in low-noise mode |
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| TWI735242B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-08-01 | 優式機器人股份有限公司 | Automatic weeding apparatus and operating method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102057800A (en) | 2011-05-18 |
| CN102100143B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| CN102084754A (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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