CN102095685A - Photoacoustic component resolution imaging method and device based on spectral encoding - Google Patents
Photoacoustic component resolution imaging method and device based on spectral encoding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoacoustic component resolution imaging method based on spectral encoding. The method comprises the following steps: uniform pulsed laser beams excite a sample; the sample absorbing the light energy to generate photoacoustic signals; a signal collection system synchronously collects the photoacoustic signals until the first collection process is completed; changes the wavelength, and collects the photoacoustic signals for the second time; images are reconstructed by a MATLAB program after the second signal collection process is completed; and the reconstructed images are reprocessed by a quantitative analysis algorithm for analyzing the components of a mixed system to obtain the spatial distribution graph of single component concentration. The device comprises an excitation light source assembly, a signal collection assembly, a computer assembly, a coupling tank and a step motor. In the method, the concentration information of a single component spatial distribution can be extracted from the photoacoustic image, which has the great meaning in the nondestructive disease diagnosis field. In addition, the spectral encoding photoacoustic imaging device disclosed in the invention has simple structure, and is convenient in operation and easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the photoacoustic imaging technical field, be specifically related to method and optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices that the optical spectrum encoded photoacoustic imaging of a kind of usefulness carries out the quantitative test of mixed system element.
Background technology
Photoacoustic imaging is based on an emerging technology of photoacoustic principle and ultrasonic imaging, and development in recent years is rapid, for example fields such as electronic edition wireline inspection, flow rate of liquid measurement and life science.The laser pulses irradiate of nanosecond is to material and be absorbed, thermal expansion in the very short time has produced ultrasonic signal, the intensity of signal is weak relevant with the absorption of material and excitation light intensity, the absorbing light ability difference of different material, when excitating light strength is even and stable, light and shade power on the photoacoustic image that utilization computer program projection goes out, reflection be exactly the absorption characteristic of material for this wavelength light.Most characteristic is, photoacoustic imaging uses is power density far below the laser of biological tissue's damage threshold as driving source, realization be a kind of non-invasion, non-ionized noninvasive imaging.With respect to traditional optical imagery, the imaging depth of photoacoustic imaging improves greatly, and with respect to traditional ultrasonic imaging, photoacoustic imaging has remarkable advantages on resolution.
Mixed system is meant two or more materials stable existence and maintenance character separately in same system, and following several form is arranged, gaseous state (as, air), liquid (as, oil), solid-state (as, ore) and mixed state (as, biological tissue).Industrial and agricultural production need be carried out quantitative test for element in the mixed system, the distribution situation of element in the clear and definite mixed system, and the concentration situation of correspondence position under a lot of situations in the pharmaceutical sanitary field.
Yet the light absorpting ability of the material also concentration with material is relevant, can imagine same ink, the high more receptivity for light of concentration is strong more, therefore material of the same race is on same photoacoustic image, concentration will not present different brightness simultaneously, and traditional photoacoustic imaging can not better reflect the information of the single element CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of potpourri.Therefore developing a cover image processing method and supporting with it experimental provision is the basic method that addresses this problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome prior art and can not better reflect problems such as the concentration of potpourri element and distribution thereof, set up and a kind ofly resolve formation method, utilize the quantitative analysis method of photoacoustic imaging mixed system element based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component.
Another object of the present invention is to set up the optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices that a cover is realized said method.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: resolve formation method based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, may further comprise the steps:
(1) testing sample is fixed in the coupling pond of containing coupling liquid;
(2) tunable laser is launched pulse laser and trigger pip, pulse laser is divided into two bundles by beam splitter, wherein Ruo folded light beam is received by photodetector, being used for laser intensity proofreaies and correct, strong transmitted light beam is the irradiation sample after reflecting prism reflection, beam expanding lens expansion bundle and frosted glass are even, excites the generation photoacoustic signal;
(3) photoacoustic signal that trigger pip triggering collection assembly acquisition step (2) obtains in the step (2), the photoacoustic signal that collects is by computer module real time record and preservation;
After (4) one groups of signals collecting finish, change the tunable laser wavelength, the repeated acquisition signal;
(5) signal of Computer Processing step (3) recorded and stored obtains the photoacoustic image under the different excitation wavelengths;
(6) image subsequent treatment is handled with mixed system element quantitative test algorithm the photoacoustic image that step (5) obtains again, and obtains the concentration profile of each key element.
In the described step (1), coupling liquid is selected deionized water, coupling liquid liquid level submergence sample 3-5cm.
In the described step (2), tunable laser wavelength preferable range 400-2000nm, concrete wavelength size is selected according to the mixed system actual conditions, and wavelength number is identical with the key element number, and the reflectivity of beam splitter is determined according to the specified light intensity of photodetector.
In the described step (3), the acquisition component acquired signal is the real-time acquisition program that adopts based on LABVIEW control, and LABVIEW capture program control step motor-driven makes stepper motor drive probe and carries out 360 ° of rotation acquired signal.
In the described step (4), the number of times of repeated acquisition signal equals the number of element in the mixed system, and the selection of laser wavelength is determined according to the absorption characteristic of key element self.
In the described step (5), Computer Processing is to carry out filtering, integration and utilize time and spatial information in the signal to carry out image reconstruction by the signal of the MATLAB reconstruction algorithm in the computing machine to recorded and stored.
In the described step (6), mixed system element quantitative test algorithm describes in the principle narration below.
Realize that above-mentioned device of resolving formation method based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component comprises excitation source assembly, signals collecting assembly, computer module, more than three kinds of assemblies be electrically connected successively, also comprise coupling pond and stepper motor;
Wherein the excitation source assembly is made of tunable laser, photodetector, beam splitter, reflecting prism, beam expanding lens and frosted glass, wherein tunable laser, beam splitter, reflecting prism, beam expanding lens, frosted glass photodetector are electrically connected successively, and photodetector and beam splitter are electrically connected;
Described signals collecting assembly is electrically connected successively by ultrasonic detector, signal amplifier, oscillograph and high-speed collection card and forms;
LABVIEW data acquisition program and motor-driven program, MATLAB image reconstruction program and MATLB image processing program are arranged in the described computer module;
Described coupling pond comprises support; Described stepper motor comprises that motor-driven and detector hold folder;
Described stepper motor is installed on the support of coupling pond, and described ultrasonic detector is fixed on the detector of stepper motor and holds on the folder, places the ultrasonic coupling liquid in coupling pond, and beam expanding lens and frosted glass are fixed on the support in coupling pond.
Described detector has 3 can select probe, and centre frequency is respectively 1MHz, 15MHz and 75MHz, and the fineness of element distribution is selected probe in size per sample and the mixed system.
Described device is applicable to liquid phase, solid phase mixing system, biological tissue and living body biological exsomatize.
The action principle of optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices is among the present invention: the pulse laser (wavelength that excitation source produces, pulsewidth, adjustable repetitive frequency) bundle, through the beam splitting ionization meter, reflection, expand bundle and evenly shine afterwards sample, sample is a mixed system, different key elements in the system have produced the different photoacoustic signal of intensity for the absorption intensity difference of same wavelength, photoacoustic signal is accepted by ultrasonic detector through coupling liquid, the electric signal that produces converts digital signal to by computer recording through behind the amplifier on high-speed collection card, the signal of record has comprised time and space two information of photoacoustic signal, change the wavelength of tunable laser and regulate intensity according to the number (having several key elements to select several wavelength) of key element in the mixed system and keep stable, repeated acquisition and recording process; By computer program the photoacoustic image under each wavelength is rebuild out.
The principle of mixed system element quantitative test algorithm is among the present invention: single wavelength λ excites down, and certain photoacoustic signal intensity of a bit locating is proportional to the accumulation of its optical absorption intensity, can be expressed as A=A
1+ A
2+ Λ+A
n, wherein A represents total light absorption, A
nRepresent the light absorption of each key element, and three principal elements of concentration C of the extinction coefficient U (λ) of the optical absorption intensity of single key element and excitating light strength D, absorber and absorber are relevant, can be expressed as A
n=DU
n(λ) C
n, so certain optical absorption intensity of a bit locating can be rewritten as A=D U
1(λ) C
1+ D U
2(λ) C
2+ L+D U
n(λ) C
n, the number of supposing key element in the mixed system is n, needs to select n excitation wavelength, under the situation that the maintenance excitation light intensity is even and intensity equates, can obtain following a series of formula,
A
1＝D?U
1(λ
1)C
1+D?U
2(λ
1)C
2+L+D?U
n(λ
1)C
n
A
2＝D?U
1(λ
2)C
1+D?U
2(λ
2)C
2+L+D?U
n(λ
2)C
n
A
n＝D?U
1(λ
n)C
1+D?U
2(λ
n)C
2+L+D?U
n(λ
n)C
n
We can obtain its extinction coefficient U (λ under different wave length absorption spectrum by measuring each key element in the mixed system
n), so just can obtain DC by the solving equation group
nValue at each some place is again because excitating light strength is equal at each some place, so be equivalent to obtain the concentration C of each each key element of some place
n, the concentration of our each a certain key element in some place that will ask constitutes piece image then, has just obtained the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION situation of this key element in mixed system.
The present invention is applicable to the quantitative test of all on-gaseous, non-current attitude mixed system element, as the coloring matter mixed system, and the constituent analysis of biological tissue's mixed system.
Method and apparatus of the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
(1) photoacoustic imaging mixed system factor analysis method of the present invention, utilize the creationary concentration information that from traditional photoacoustic image, extracts each key element of mixed system of spectral fingerprint feature of photoacoustic imaging principle and absorber, and its distribution of demonstration that can the space.
(2) the optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices of the present invention's development is the device that can realize the quantitative test of photoacoustic imaging mixed system key element, can realize the photoacoustic image of several excitation wavelengths faster, it is inaccurate effectively to have broken away from the image that the laser energy shake causes by laser energy calibration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of embodiment 1 described optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices.
Fig. 2 is a coloring matter mixed system sample drawing;
Wherein:
A is a mixed system sample photo;
B is a mixed system key element spectrum.
Fig. 3 is for Application Example 1 described optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices resulting coloring matter mixed system photoacoustic image and utilize the element distribution figure that obtains after the mixed system key element quantitative test algorithm process; Wherein
A is three photoacoustic image under the wavelength;
B is the single element distribution figure after image algorithm is handled.
Fig. 4 is biological tissue's mixed system sample drawing;
Wherein:
A is a mixed system sample photo;
B is a mixed system sample key element spectrum.
Fig. 5 is for Application Example 1 described optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices resulting biological tissue mixed system photoacoustic image and utilize the element distribution figure that obtains after the mixed system key element quantitative test algorithm process;
Wherein:
A is two photoacoustic image under the wavelength;
B is the single element distribution figure after image algorithm is handled.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed narration, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention, and apparatus of the present invention comprise excitation source assembly, signals collecting assembly, computer module, and above assembly is electrically connected successively.The LABVIEW capture program is controlled each assembly and is achieved as follows workflow, in the time of exciting light assembly output laser pulse, export trigger pip synchronously, trigger pip drives acquisition component and gathers photoacoustic signal, the photoacoustic signal that collects transfers to computer module by real time record, drive stepping motor rotated to an angle after record was finished, and gathered next time.The pulse laser beam that tunable laser 1-1 sends in the excitation source assembly wherein, in beam splitter 1-2 punishment is two bundles (reflectivity is 1: 99), (when pulsed light excited, average power density was not more than 30 μ J/cm to folded light beam wherein by photodetector 1-6 reception
2), transmitted light beam expands bundle through beam expanding lens 1-4 again after the reflection of total reflection prism 1-3 place, and frosted glass 1-5 evenly back excited sample produces photoacoustic signal, and wherein beam expanding lens 1-4 and frosted glass 1-5 are fixed on the support 3-1 of coupling pond 3-2.The photoacoustic signal that produces is received by ultrasonic detector 4-1 through after the coupling liquid, detector is installed in the detector of stepper motor and holds on the folder 2-3, behind the signal process amplifier 4-2, high-speed collection card by oscillograph 4-3 place is converted into digital signal again, digital signal through the gpib interface final entry to the hard disk of computer 5, control step motor-driven 2-2 after record is finished realizes the rotation of stepper motor 2-1, once more the acquisition and recording signal.On computing machine 5, use the program of the MATLAB software programming of writing based on algorithm to do the successive image processing.
The device of embodiment 2 Application Examples 1 is realized the optical spectrum encoded photoacoustic imaging of coloring matter mixed system.
Realize the optical spectrum encoded photoacoustic imaging of biological tissue's mixed system with above-mentioned optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices.With the dark green ICG of indoles, methylenum careuleum and three kinds of dyestuffs of protoheme, fix with agar, shown in Fig. 2 (a).Sample is fixed among the coupling pond 3-2, and coupling is added an amount of coupling liquid in the pond, and sample 3～5cm is crossed in the liquid level submergence, and ultrasonic detector places and the sample equal-height position.The pulsed light beam of tunable pulsed laser device 1-1 emission in the experiment (number that 532nm, 750nm and 800nm excitation wavelength number equal key element in the mixed system equates), through ionization meter, expand bundle and evenly shine afterwards sample, the photoacoustic signal of laser excitation is received by ultrasonic detector 4-1, under the control of the LABVIEW of computing machine 5 capture program, stepper motor 2-1 carries out 360 ° of rotation acquired signal, and the signal that collects is stored in the computing machine 5, with the MATLAB computer program carry out image reconstruction, can obtain three width of cloth images shown in Fig. 3 (a).
The coloring matter mixed system photoacoustic image that obtains among the embodiment 3 application mix system key element quantitative test algorithm process embodiment 2.
With mixed system key element quantitative test algorithm process photoacoustic image, use the absorption spectrum of three kinds of key elements in the spectrophotometer measurement mixed system in advance, by calculating the extinction coefficient spectrum, shown in Fig. 2 (b), then three kinds of key elements are obtained (dark green 1818 ﹠amp of indoles in this example at the extinction coefficient at 532nm, 750nm and 800nm place; 64325 ﹠amp; 80270, protoheme 41307.2 ﹠amp; 507.9 ﹠amp; 821.7, methylenum careuleum 7466.9 ﹠amp; 860.2 ﹠amp; 1299.4), assignment is to the algorithm corresponding position, with algorithm two width of cloth photoacoustic image pointwises are found the solution then, obtain the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of each some place three elements at last, and its form with image showed, shown in Fig. 3 (b), coincide well by concentration space distribution situation and the actual sample separately of three kinds of dyestuffs after the Flame Image Process, the ability on the common mixed system of processing of mixed system key element quantitative test algorithm has been described preferably.
The device of embodiment 4 Application Examples 1 is realized the optical spectrum encoded photoacoustic imaging of biological tissue's mixed system.
Realize the optical spectrum encoded photoacoustic imaging of biological tissue's mixed system with above-mentioned optical spectrum encoded opto-acoustic imaging devices.In advance that a block length is square musculature is embedded in the middle of the blood, and fixes with agar, shown in Fig. 4 (a).Sample is fixed among the coupling pond 3-2, and coupling is added an amount of coupling liquid in the pond, and sample 3～5cm is crossed in the liquid level submergence, and ultrasonic detector places and the sample equal-height position.Pulsed light beam (the first 1064nm of tunable pulsed laser device 1-1 emission in the experiment, back 532nm, the number that the excitation wavelength number equals key element in the mixed system equates), through ionization meter, expand bundle and evenly shine afterwards sample, the photoacoustic signal of laser excitation is received by ultrasonic detector 4-1, under the control of the LABVIEW of computing machine 5 capture program, stepper motor 2-1 carries out 360 ° of rotation acquired signal, and the signal that collects is stored in the computing machine 5, with the MATLAB computer program carry out image reconstruction, can obtain two width of cloth images shown in Fig. 5 (a).
The biological tissue's mixed system photoacoustic image that obtains among the embodiment 5 application mix system key element quantitative test algorithm process embodiment 4.
With mixed system key element quantitative test algorithm process photoacoustic image, use the absorption spectrum of two kinds of key elements in the spectrophotometer measurement mixed system in advance, by calculating the extinction coefficient spectrum, shown in Fig. 4 (b), then two kinds of key elements are obtained (blood 0.393 ﹠amp in this example at the extinction coefficient at 1064nm and 532nm place; 0.976, muscle 0.2384 ﹠amp; 0.143), assignment is to the algorithm corresponding position, with algorithm two width of cloth photoacoustic image pointwises are found the solution then, obtain the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of each some place two key element at last, and its form with image showed, shown in Fig. 5 (b), the image after the processing makes that the space distribution situation of two kinds of biological tissues is more obvious, result and actual sample coincide good, have illustrated that preferably mixed system key element quantitative test algorithm is in the ability of handling on biological tissue's mixed system.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. resolve formation method based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) testing sample is fixed in the coupling pond of containing coupling liquid;
(2) tunable laser is launched pulse laser and trigger pip, pulse laser is divided into two bundles by beam splitter, wherein Ruo folded light beam is received by photodetector, strong transmitted light beam is the irradiation testing sample after reflecting prism reflection, beam expanding lens expansion bundle and frosted glass are even, excites the generation photoacoustic signal;
(3) photoacoustic signal that trigger pip triggering collection assembly acquisition step (2) obtains in the step (2), the photoacoustic signal that collects is by computer module real time record and preservation;
After (4) one groups of signals collecting finish, change the tunable laser wavelength, the repeated acquisition signal;
(5) signal of Computer Processing step (3) recorded and stored obtains the photoacoustic image under the different excitation wavelengths;
(6) image subsequent treatment is handled with mixed system element quantitative test algorithm the photoacoustic image that step (5) obtains again, and obtains the concentration profile of each key element.
2. resolve formation method according to claim 1 is described based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, it is characterized in that: in the described step (1), coupling liquid is a deionized water, coupling liquid liquid level submergence testing sample 3-5cm.
3. resolve formation method according to claim 1 is described based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, it is characterized in that: in the described step (2), tunable laser wavelength coverage 400-2000nm, the reflectivity of beam splitter is determined according to the specified light intensity of photodetector.
4. resolve formation method according to claim 1 is described based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, it is characterized in that: in the described step (3), the acquisition component acquired signal is the real-time acquisition program that adopts based on LABVIEW control, under the control of LABVIEW capture program, stepper motor carries out 360 ° of rotation acquired signal.
5. resolve formation method according to claim 1 is described based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, it is characterized in that: in the described step (4), the number of times of repeated acquisition signal equals the number of element in the mixed system, and the selection of laser wavelength is determined according to the absorption characteristic of key element self.
6. resolve formation method according to claim 1 is described based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, it is characterized in that: in the described step (5), Computer Processing is to carry out filtering, integration and utilize time and spatial information in the signal to carry out image reconstruction by the signal of the MATLAB reconstruction algorithm in the computing machine to recorded and stored.
7. resolve formation method according to claim 1 is described based on optical spectrum encoded optoacoustic component, it is characterized in that: in the described step (6), mixed system element quantitative test algorithm is as follows:
A
1＝D?U
1(λ
1)C
1+D?U
2(λ
1)C
2+L+D?U
n(λ
1)C
n
A
2＝D?U
1(λ
2)C
1+D?U
2(λ
2)C
2+L+D?U
n(λ
2)C
n
A
n＝D?U
1(λ
n)C
1+D?U
2(λ
n)C
2+L+D?U
n(λ
n)C
n
Wherein A represents total light absorption, A
nRepresent the light absorption of each key element, D represents the optical absorption intensity and the excitating light strength of single key element, the extinction coefficient of U (λ) expression absorber, and C represents the concentration of absorber, n represents element number in the mixed system.
8. realize the device of the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise excitation source assembly, signals collecting assembly, computer module, more than three kinds of assemblies be electrically connected successively, also comprise coupling pond and stepper motor,
Described excitation source assembly is made of Wavelength tunable laser, photodetector, beam splitter, reflecting prism, beam expanding lens and frosted glass, wherein tunable laser, beam splitter, reflecting prism, beam expanding lens, frosted glass photodetector are electrically connected successively, and photodetector and beam splitter are electrically connected;
Described signals collecting assembly is electrically connected successively by ultrasonic detector, signal amplifier, oscillograph and high-speed collection card and forms;
The MATLAB image processing program that LABVIEW data acquisition program and motor-driven program, MATLAB image reconstruction program is arranged in the computer module and write based on algorithm;
Described coupling pond comprises support; Stepper motor comprises that motor-driven and detector hold folder;
Described stepper motor is installed on the support of coupling pond, and described ultrasonic detector is fixed on the detector of stepper motor and holds on the folder, places the ultrasonic coupling liquid in coupling pond, and beam expanding lens and frosted glass are fixed on the support in coupling pond.
9. described according to Claim 8 device is characterized in that: described detector has 3 can select probe, and centre frequency is respectively 1MHz, 15MHz and 75MHz.
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