The sealing recovery system of rotary regenerative air preheater
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sealing recovery system that is used for rotary regenerative air preheater.
Background technology
At the beginning of the eighties in last century, China be equipped with to need because of subcritical thermoelectric generator assembly, a complete set of introduce U.S.'s air leak rate of air curtain be 10%, with the rotary regenerative air preheater of heating surface rotation, in order to eliminate former soviet design air leak rate of air curtain be 20% fan housing formula air preheater.Rotary regenerative air preheater is the auxiliary equipment that present large-size thermal power plant and chemical industry must be joined, and its main application is exactly to utilize the flue gas of boiler tail to come the heats cold air, to boiler dry coal dust and the combustion-supporting hot-air of burner hearth is provided; During work, the rotor of air preheater carries heating surface uniform rotation in equipment, and the high-temperature flue gas of boiler tail passes air preheater from top to down and is positioned at the rotating rotor heating surface of fume side under air-introduced machine attracts; Heating surface is heated thus, and flue gas is cooled, when heated heating surface rotates to air side; Cold air passes heating surface from lower to upper under pressure fan promotes; Absorb heat and form hot-air, the heating surface that is cooled rotates to fume side again and is heated, and goes round and begins again thus, reciprocation cycle; To boiler hot-air is provided continuously, rotary regenerative air heater becomes the key equipment of the normal operation of large-scale thermal power boiler thus.
Because rotary regenerative air heater is applied in boiler cigarette-wind system simultaneously; Air and flue gas are because of rotary regenerative air heater UNICOM; The malleation of air and the negative pressure of flue gas coexist in the equipment and form pressure reduction; Therefore must have sealing system in the equipment, under differential pressure action, leak to fume side through all gaps to stop hot-air.And air preheater is large-scale rotary machine, and the heating surface rotor is connected in parallel in air channel, the flue and rotates, so the too small good airproof performance in dynamic and static gap, but is prone to the bite rotor, influences safe operation of the boiler; Dynamic and static excesssive gap then causes leakage, and the air of the draw heat flue that bleeds is discharged, and thermal waste, exhaust gas volumn strengthen, and boiler lacks wind and can't normally move simultaneously! Therefore the sealing system of device interior is most important.
China does not have the own technology of rotary regenerative air heater, the present domestic two kinds of Sealing Technologies of generally using, and the sealed stator motion of the one of which U.S., the thermal deformation technology from the motion tracking rotor to keep less seal clearance, reduces air leak rate of air curtain; Because operating condition is abominable in the air preheater, cause the sealed stator fault rate of motion high, the frequent off-the-line of sealing system! Sealing effectiveness is poor, and actual air leak rate of air curtain is on average about 10%; Its two Britain double containment technology, sealed stator and housing are fixed, and sealed stator and rotor seal sheet constitute multi-stage sealed pair, reduce flow velocity to reduce pressure step by step and reduce air leak rate of air curtain; Because the mushroom thermal deformation takes place when hot rotor, dynamic and static seal clearance increases, thereby air leak rate of air curtain can't be reduced to reduced levels.The air leak rate of air curtain of Britain's Sealing Technology is on average in 7% level.But at present energy-conservation, reduce discharging to require down, the air leak rate of air curtain of rotary regenerative air heater is reduced to zero, accomplish zero-emission, become the world's problem that is difficult to break through.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the above-mentioned deficiency to prior art, a kind of sealing recovery system of rotary regenerative air preheater is provided, it has, and air leak rate of air curtain goes to zero, energy consumption is little, fault rate is low, the advantage of long service life.
For achieving the above object; The sealing recovery system of rotary regenerative air preheater of the present invention; Comprise inner dynamic and static sealing mechanism, outside recovering mechanism, automation controlling organization; The dynamic and static sealing mechanism in said inside comprises shell, left and right sealed stator, rotor, be installed in upper and lower apex seal and the axial seal sheet at edge on every dividing plate of rotor; Left and right sealed stator includes the upper and lower fanning strip that connects firmly and circular arc panel longitudinally, and upper and lower fanning strip and circular arc panel are established the diversion chamber of mutual isolation in all, and upper and lower fanning strip connects firmly with the upper and lower beam of shell respectively; Outside recovering mechanism comprises several airducts, the reservoir vessel that is connected with airduct that is communicated with each diversion chamber, recovery blower fan, power cabinet and the exhaust duct that is located in ground, it is characterized in that said upper and lower fanning strip and longitudinally the width of circular arc panel when static state, cover each self-corresponding array diaphragm seal at least simultaneously; Inboard at upper and lower fanning strip and circular arc panel is equipped with the elongated hole that several are arranged in a linear; Elongated hole communicates with separately diversion chamber; The cross section of elongated hole is " V " shape; Each the self-corresponding apex seal of the final stage that calculates to fume side from air side when the axis of elongated hole is static is at projection line on the corresponding fanning strip inner surface or the projection line of each self-corresponding axial seal sheet of the final stage on corresponding circle cambered plate inner surface; Two radial edges lines of the elongated hole on two fanning strips all point to the axle center of rotor; The Breadth Maximum of this elongated hole is less than the spacing of two adjacent radial diaphragm seals, and the width of the elongated hole on the circular arc panel equates and less than the spacing of two adjacent shafts to diaphragm seal.
Above-mentioned automation controlling organization comprises Programmable Logic Controller, the frequency converter that links to each other with Programmable Logic Controller, several MODs, flow sensor; Frequency converter also links to each other with the motor that reclaims blower fan; Each MOD is installed in each self-corresponding airduct, and flow sensor is arranged on the exhaust duct that reclaims blower fan.
When air preheater normally moves; Hot-air with malleation can only leak to the fume side with negative pressure through the dynamic and static seal clearance that forms between sealed stator in the equipment and the diaphragm seal, because the width of upper and lower fanning strip and circular arc panel covers the array diaphragm seal; Form the multistage dynamic and static sealing of labyrinth type; The power that air flows: " pressure reduction ", in leakage process, being weakened step by step, flow velocity is also weakened; Therefore leakage rate also reduces step by step, is controlled in naturally (multi-stage sealed progression is that what are confirmed according to need control leakage rate) in the claimed range; Each diversion chamber reclaims outside equipment and forms the vacuum that requires under the fan action in the sealed stator; When the air of small amount of leakage enters into corresponding regional of the final stage diaphragm seal; The elongated hole of promptly offering through the sealed stator surface is inhaled in each diversion chamber, and multi-stage sealed decompression step by step before not influencing keeps air mobile naturally; Because the air that leaks is absorbed in through the sealing area way naturally, the hot-air that therefore gets into flue goes to zero; It is combustion-supporting or be transported to the place that the user needs that hot-air in the diversion chamber gets into burner hearth through airduct, reservoir vessel, recovery blower fan, the exhaust duct that is communicated with again; Elongated hole both can reduce windage, prevented to leak out, and can slow down the rate of wear of upper and lower fanning strip and circular arc panel again, increased the service life, and can be applicable to operating condition abominable in the air preheater simultaneously, avoided blocked, and fault rate is low.
Because boiler load changes with social power consumption at any time to some extent, causes flue-gas temperature, flue gas negative pressure, air pressure also to change thereupon, the variation of air preheater internal differential pressure also makes air leakage rate change; Therefore detect the variation of flow when flow sensor; Programmable Logic Controller is adjusted the rotating speed that reclaims blower motor synchronously through frequency converter; Adjust the aperture of MOD in each airduct simultaneously, can make the power consumption of blower fan minimum, can guarantee that again the hot-air that leaks all reclaims.
As further improvement of the present invention; Also comprise again hot mechanism; Hot again mechanism comprises that Heat Room, front end place in the Heat Room, the rear end places the several heat pipes in the air preheater inlet flue duct, and said exhaust duct links to each other with Heat Room, and the outlet of Heat Room links to each other with the bellows of boiler through pipeline; Reclaim air through heat pipe and be heated to the bellows utilization that requires to be sent to after the temperature boiler.
In sum, the present invention has that air leak rate of air curtain goes to zero, energy consumption is little, fault rate is low, the advantage of long service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 removes the vertical view after the hot again mechanism for Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the front view of left sealed stator among Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the right view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is the D-D cutaway view of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the I place partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the E-E cutaway view of Fig. 5.
Figure 11 is the F-F cutaway view of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the II place partial enlarged drawing of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of automation controlling organization.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
By illustrated in figures 1 and 2; The sealing recovery system of this rotary regenerative air preheater; Comprise inner dynamic and static sealing mechanism, outside recovering mechanism, automation controlling organization, hot mechanism again; The dynamic and static sealing mechanism in said inside comprises shell 1, symmetrically arranged left and right sealed stator 4 and 5, rotor 6, be installed in upper and lower apex seal 7,8 and the axial seal sheet 9 at edge on rotor 6 every dividing plate; Extremely shown in Figure 12 by Fig. 3; Left and right sealed stator 4 and 5 includes the last fanning strip 10 that connects firmly, fanning strip 11 and circular arc panel 12 longitudinally down; Upper and lower fanning strip 10,11 and circular arc panel 12 established the diversion chamber 13 of mutual isolation in all; Upper and lower fanning strip 10,11 connects firmly with shell 1 upper and lower beam 2 respectively; Said upper and lower fanning strip 10,11 and longitudinally the width of circular arc panel 12 when static state, can cover each self-corresponding five groups of diaphragm seal simultaneously, be equipped with several elongated holes that is arranged in a linear 14 in the inboard of upper and lower fanning strip 10,11, be provided with several elongated holes that is arranged in a linear 23 in the inboard of circular arc panel 12; Elongated hole 14 and 23 communicates with each self-corresponding diversion chamber 13; Elongated hole 14 and 23 cross section are " V " shape, when the projection line of each self-corresponding apex seal 7 of the fourth stage or 8 on upper and lower fanning strip 10 of correspondence or 11 inner surfaces that calculates to fume side from air side when the axis of elongated hole 14 is static, the axis of elongated hole 23 be static from fourth stage axial seal sheet 9 the projection line on circular arc panel 12 inner surfaces of air side to fume side calculating; Two radial edges lines of the elongated hole 14 on the upper and lower fanning strip 10,11 all point to the axle center of rotor 6; The Breadth Maximum of this elongated hole 14 is less than the spacing of two adjacent radial diaphragm seals, and the width of the elongated hole 23 on the circular arc panel 12 equates and less than the spacing of two adjacent shafts to diaphragm seal 9, and flow velocity is less than 10 meter per seconds during passing through when elongated hole 14 and 23 total sectional areas calculate the respective air flow was passed through in 0.2 second time; By illustrated in figures 1 and 2, outside recovering mechanism comprises several airducts 15, the reservoir vessel 16 that is connected with airduct 15, the recovery blower fan 17 that is located in ground, power cabinet 18 and the exhaust duct 19 that is communicated with each diversion chamber 13; Said automation controlling organization comprises Programmable Logic Controller 20, the frequency converter 21 that links to each other with Programmable Logic Controller 20, several MODs 22, flow sensor 3; Frequency converter 21 also links to each other with the motor that reclaims blower fan 17; Each MOD 22 is installed in each self-corresponding airduct 15, and flow sensor 3 is arranged on the exhaust duct 19 that reclaims blower fan 17 (shown in figure 13); By shown in Figure 1; Hot again mechanism comprises that Heat Room 26, front end place in the Heat Room 26, the rear end places the several heat pipes 28 in the air preheater inlet flue duct 27; Said exhaust duct 19 links to each other with Heat Room 26, and the outlet of Heat Room 26 links to each other with the bellows 29 of boiler through pipeline.
When air preheater normally moves; Hot-air with malleation, can only through sealed stator in the equipment 4 and 5 and diaphragm seal between the dynamic and static seal clearance that forms leak to fume side with negative pressure because the width of upper and lower fanning strip 10,11 and circular arc panel 12 covers five groups of diaphragm seals; Form the multistage dynamic and static sealing of labyrinth type; And the power that air flows: pressure reduction, in leakage process, weakened step by step, flow velocity is also weakened; Therefore leakage rate also reduces step by step, is controlled in naturally (multi-stage sealed progression is that what are confirmed according to need control leakage rate) in the claimed range; Each diversion chamber 13 of upper and lower fanning strip 10,11 and circular arc panel 12 is reclaiming the vacuum that forms requirement under blower fan 17 effects; When the air of small amount of leakage enters into corresponding regional of fourth stage diaphragm seal; Promptly through elongated hole 14 or be inhaled in 23 o'clock in each diversion chamber 13, multi-stage sealed decompression step by step before not influencing keeps air mobile naturally; Because the air that leaks is absorbed in through the sealing area way naturally, the hot-air that therefore gets into flue goes to zero; Hot-airs in the diversion chamber 13 again through the airduct 15, the reservoir vessel 16 that are communicated with, reclaim blower fan 17, exhaust duct 19 gets into Heat Rooms 26, reclaim air through heat pipe 28 and be heated to the bellows 29 that require to be sent to boiler after the temperature and utilize; The spacing of the shape of elongated hole 14 and adjacent two apex seals 7 or 8 is suitable, and its hole is wide to be strengthened by the center laterally gradually, both can reduce windage; Prevent to leak out, can slow down the rate of wear of upper and lower fanning strip 10,11 and circular arc panel 12 again, increase the service life; Simultaneously can be applicable to operating condition abominable in the air preheater (dust concentration is big), avoid blocked, fault rate is low; Avoid safeguarding that elongated hole 23 can be realized same effect.
Because boiler load changes with social power consumption at any time to some extent, causes flue-gas temperature, flue gas negative pressure, air pressure also to change thereupon, the variation of air preheater internal differential pressure also makes air leakage rate change; Therefore be lower than when pre-seting when flow sensor 3 detects flow, Programmable Logic Controller 20 reclaims the rotating speeds of blower motors 17 through frequency converter 21 adjustment synchronously, adjusts the aperture of each airduct 15 interior MOD 22 simultaneously; Can make the power consumption of blower fan 17 minimum; Can guarantee that again the hot-air that leaks all reclaims, realize the zero-emission of air preheater, have epoch making significance; And the energy consumption of being exported only accounts for 15% of energy efficient, and economic worth is high.