CN1020947C

CN1020947C - Production method of shouldered bimetallic thrust axle sleeve

Info

Publication number: CN1020947C
Application number: CN 90107116
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡长安
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-10-10
Filing date: 1990-10-10
Publication date: 1993-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2005-10-10
Also published as: CN1060515A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a production process for manufacturing a blank of a bimetallic flanging anti-thrust sliding shaft sleeve, which comprises the steps that low carbon steel of high strength serves as a bush backing, and an antifriction alloy layer serves as the bimetallic plate of a bearing lining; the antifriction alloy layer is made into a cylindrical bearing sleeve by blanking and rolling, and then the antifriction alloy layer at the connecting position of the shaft sleeve and a thrust ring is arranged on a rotary forging press to be rolled, forged and flanged after being completely cut so as to manufacture the thrust ring. The present invention has obvious benefit to multiple economic and technical indexes such as equipment investment, material wastage, processing efficiency, integral product structure strength, mechanical property of a product, etc.

Description

Production method of shouldered bimetallic thrust axle sleeve

The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing technique method that uses rotary forging machine manufacturing bimetal flange thrust sliding shaft sleeve, belong to sheet metal is put rolling processing, the production technical field of manufacturing machine part blank with spinning.

Go up the sliding bearing of antifriction alloy layer (the claiming bearing bush again) formation that approaches coated with one deck with casting process, rolling or sintering process by the metal watt back of the body and its, its reliable operation, running are steadily, use is easy to maintenance, cost is low, have been widely used in the machines such as metal-cutting machine tool, engineering machinery, universal machine, steam turbine, motor, centrifugal compressor, internal-combustion engine.The plain thrust bearing that the present invention relates to is the flange thrust bush (referring to Fig. 1) by the bimetal thrust garden ring formation of a bimetal sleeve (axle sleeve) and one end.Originally, this thrust bush was made with whole casting copper alloys manufacturing or with the bimetal casting method, and these two kinds of method consumable materials are big, and manufacturing procedure is many, and efficient is low, and product qualified rate is also low, is eliminated gradually.U.S. Pat 3,624 in 1970, and 881 propose to produce thrust bush with friction welding method: utilize thrust garden ring of bimetal plate punching out of sintering earlier and roll an axle sleeve, again both are welded to connect moulding with inertia friction.U. S. Patent 3,795 in 1972, and 428 have proposed thrust ring again inlays the thrust bearing production method that is connected with sleeve.These two kinds of methods have had significant improvement than casting of global copper alloy or bimetal casting process, and its structural strength, manufacture cost have all had remarkable improvement.At present, engineering machinery (as bulldozer, excavator etc.) and other the many machines of producing in countries such as the U.S., Japan, China all are to use friction welding to come production thrust sliding shaft sleeve.Punching out garden shape thrust ring welds with axle sleeve or splices on coiled strip or sheet material but these two kinds of methods all adopt, whole bearing is made of two parts, overall structure is poor, structural strength is low, manufacturing procedure is many, and manufacturing efficiency is slow, and the utilization ratio of bimetallic material is also very low, especially the processing of thrust garden ring, stock utilization has only 40-50%.

The production technology that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bimetal flange sliding bearing blank just utilizes rotary forging machine to the bimetal plate spreading of rolling, the new process of manufacturing flange thrust bush.

The present invention is achieved in that earlier its length is that the bimetallic bearing sheet material of thrust ring width and sleeve length sum rolls into the garden tubular, the joint of this axle sleeve can be crack or local welding, or button shape overlap joint; Then, the antifriction alloy layer of axle sleeve and thrust ring connection is all machined away, form a width and be not less than 2 millimeters garden annular groove; Uprightly put in the specialized mould again the axle sleeve after the cutting, place the rotary forging machine spreading of rolling, at this moment, the pivot angle of pendulum swaging and thrust ring Transverse plane is 0 °-3 °, the pendulum swaging is exerted pressure to axle sleeve and is the 5-200 MPa, rotational speed is 200-300 rev/min, turns over thrust ring end face of system, and the pendulum swaging needs spreading rotation 5-25 circle, simultaneously, the downward feeding of pendulum swaging realizes the moulding of roll extrusion flange by the revolution spreading, obtains the shouldered bimetallic thrust axle sleeve blank.

The flange sliding shaft sleeve that utilizes the present invention to make belongs to overall structure, the structural strength height, and operational safety is good.This invention is simplified the manufacture method of thrust bearing, processing process shortens, equipment investment and work time cost had both been saved, reduced the processing waste product again, improve comprehensive work efficiency, also significantly reducing materials consumption, reduce production costs, is present a kind of more satisfactory bimetal flanger bearing bush manufacturing process.

Fig. 1 is that A, B are the flanger bearing bush processed of the present invention part figure in addition.

Fig. 2 is flow figure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the annular groove schematic representation of cutting of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is that the schematic representation of rolling over flanging process is rolled in rotation among the present invention.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specifically introduce the present invention.

Except bearing radial load, also will bear thrust load referring to Figure 1A, B plain thrust bearing, its structure includes axle sleeve 1 and the thrust garden ring 2 that bears these two kinds of load respectively.Consider from mechanical strength and processing technology, half bush wall thickness should not be thin excessively, usually wall thickness should be not less than 0.75 millimeter, often axle sleeve is made bimetallic in order further to save antifriction material again, promptly be that backing 3(claims a watt back of the body again with low carbon steel), on backing, can be Cuprum alloy, aluminum alloy, metallo-plastic class coated with the thin antifriction material 4(of one deck) as bearing bush (claiming alloy-layer again).The bimetal plate that the present invention uses can be casting or rolling compound or sinter molding.

Manufacturing process of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.At first be that blanking-its length is that the bimetal plate of thrust ring width and sleeve length sum rolls into the garden tubular bearing sleeve that meets the technological requirement diameter, the joint of this axle sleeve can be that crack or local welding or button shape overlap joint.Then, utilize stock-removing machine, the antifriction alloy layer of axle sleeve and thrust ring joint is all cut remove, width of formation is not less than 2 millimeters garden annular groove (referring to Fig. 3) near axle sleeve and thrust ring intersection interface.If make antifriction bearing lining with aluminum alloy or metallo-plastic, can omit cutting garden this operation of annular groove, after rolling into garden tubular axle sleeve, can directly roll and roll over the flange moulding.Then, the axle sleeve 5 after the cutting is uprightly put into 6 li of specialized moulds, place the rotary forging machine spreading (as shown in Figure 4) of rolling.When pendulum is rolled over, conical-pendulum is rolled over upward, and die head 7 stretches in the shaft sleeve, the lip-deep female mould cavities of pendulum swaging patrix nose cone contacts earlier with the antifriction alloy layer on sleeve shape axle sleeve top, along with the continuously rotation and exert pressure downwards that (rotating speed is 200-300 rev/min of pendulum swaging patrix along the axle sleeve upper end, pressure is the 50-200 MPa, the pivot angle of yaw and thrust ring end face is 0 °-3 °), realize screwfeed, making the entire sleeve upper end face is root outwards overturning distortion gradually successively along its patrix groove.Run in the journey rolling, the low carbon steel watt back of the body that plastic deformation is good and antifriction layer bearing bush are always along the surperficial calendering forming of the concave die cavity of pendulum swaging, the degree of depth of concave die cavity and width also equate with height, the width of thrust ring, the inner retaining side of concave die cavity then be with the end in the cavity be garden, the end, yaw awl point is the conical surface on summit, and the bimetal of axle sleeve upper end is rolled over into matrix cavity gradually along this conical surface and is shaped to thrust ring.The axle sleeve upper end portion is that the root overturning is rolled over to squeeze on specialized mould and become plane thrust garden ring in the matrix cavity be filled in yaw along the garden annular groove at last.Again through rotation of the several times of overswing swaging and spinning, yaw reposefully repeatedly spreading move past thrust garden ring surface, can make thrust garden ring surface reach very high finishingness and dimensional accuracy.During leaded more sheet metal axle sleeve, should heat in, the antifriction alloy layer relatively poor workpiece in the spreading plastic deformation.In 150 ° of-600 ℃ of scopes, select suitable temperature to carry out temperature and roll over, prevent the cracking of antifriction alloy layer.Rolling when rolling over flanger bearing bush, can be the feeding of exerting pressure downwards of pendulum swaging, also can be that worktable is used the feeding of act formula oil cylinder pushing workpiece.It is to be noted: the thrust garden ring that the upper end flange of thrust bush is rolled over not is a complete garden ring, also leave a little sector notch on it, but this defective can't influence this application of part under various operating modes in addition.

The present invention has adopted above-mentioned operation and process parameter to implement test.The axle sleeve external diameter of the thrust bush of processing is 82 millimeters of φ, and 72 millimeters of internal diameter φ, thrust ring external diameter are 108 millimeters of φ, and height overall is 90 millimeters, and both are all 6 millimeters wall thickness.The parameter of cutting annular technology groove is 10 millimeters of groove widths, 1 millimeter of groove depth.There is the Xiao Yuan angle of R0.2 millimeter the cylindrical shell external diameter of spreading flange rear axle housing and thrust ring joint, and the joint of cylinder internal diameter and thrust ring is the garden cambered surface of nature overturning, and cambered surface is smoothly attractive in appearance, and radius R is 7 millimeter.Thrust ring surfacing, light, thickness difference only are 0.03 millimeter, and the antifriction alloy laminar surface does not have any cracking defect.The thrust ring that utilizes explained hereafter of the present invention is with the axle sleeve processing that feeds intake, its consumable material is equivalent to 219 gram/parts, and with traditional toe or fringing production technology punching press thrust ring on the roll bending material, then to use bimetal plate 594 gram/parts, both compare, a thrust bush will also improve about 1 times of work efficiency less with bimetallic material 375 grams.If 500,000 these other parts of annual product just can be saved bimetal plate and reach 187.5 tons, this shows the one spot of technical economic benefit of the present invention.

Claims

1, a kind of production method of bimetal flange thrust sliding shaft sleeve blank, it is characterized in that earlier be the bearing sleeve that the bimetallic bearing sheet material of thrust ring width and sleeve length sum rolls into the garden tubular to its length, the joint of this axle sleeve can be that crack or local welding or button shape overlap joint; Then, the antifriction alloy layer of axle sleeve and thrust ring connection is all machined away, form a width and be not less than 2 millimeters garden annular groove; Uprightly put in the specialized mould again the axle sleeve after the cutting, place the rotary forging machine spreading of rolling, at this moment, the pivot angle of yaw and thrust ring Transverse plane is 0 °-3 °, yaw is exerted pressure to axle sleeve and is the 50-200 MPa, rotational speed is 200-300 rev/min, turns over thrust ring end face of system, and yaw needs spreading rotation 5-25 circle, simultaneously, the downward feeding of yaw by the revolution spreading, realizes the moulding of roll extrusion flange.

2, production method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that bimetallic bearing sheet material can be casting or rolling compound or sinter molding.

3, production method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that bimetallic bearing sheet material is is watt back of the body with low carbon steel, is bearing bush with Cuprum alloy, aluminum alloy, metallo-plastic.

4, as claim 1 or 3 described production methods, it is characterized in that adding man-hour for the bimetallic bearing sheet material that with aluminum alloy, metallo-plastic is bearing bush, can omit the operation of cutting antifriction bearing lining, after rolling into the garden tubular, can directly roll and roll over the flange moulding.

5, production method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that rolling when rolling over axle sleeve, can be the yaw feeding of exerting pressure downwards, also can use act formula oil cylinder and upwards push the workpiece feeding.

6, production method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that serving as a contrast for leaded copper/copper alloy bearing more, that plasticity is relatively poor, should be heated to 150 °-600 ℃ to workpiece and carry out the temperature rolling.

7, production method as claimed in claim 1, the external diameter of the thrust garden that it is characterized in that being processed ring and thickness should with the external diameter and the deep equality of spill work die cavity on the pendulum swaging poppet surface that rolls rolling.