CN102094576A - Crushing mechanism - Google Patents
Crushing mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN102094576A CN102094576A CN2010105710831A CN201010571083A CN102094576A CN 102094576 A CN102094576 A CN 102094576A CN 2010105710831 A CN2010105710831 A CN 2010105710831A CN 201010571083 A CN201010571083 A CN 201010571083A CN 102094576 A CN102094576 A CN 102094576A
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- drilling rod
- main drilling
- tup
- flange
- air inlet
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Abstract
The invention provides a crushing mechanism comprising a suspension ring device, a main drilling rod, an air inlet pipe, a compression spring cover and a hammer, wherein the suspension ring device is used for pulling the main drilling rod through a bracket and a steel wire, hollow communication is formed by the main drilling rod, the compression spring cover and the hammer, the main drilling rod is connected with the upper part of the compression spring cover, and the lower part of the compression spring cover is connected with the hammer; the air inlet pipe is attached on one side of the main drilling rod, extends from top to bottom and is communicated with the main drilling rod, and air is pressed into the main drilling rod through the air inlet pipe by an air compressor; and the hammer is of a hollow structure, and an opening at the bottom of the hammer is arranged eccentrically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crushing mechanism, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of crushing mechanism with hollow tup.
Background technology
In fields such as resource exploitation, engineering infrastructure, geological prospecting, drilling well, geothermal utilizations, need crushing mechanism that hard thing is carried out hammering and pulverize, and mincing of will producing to clear up away, traditional tup is a solid construction.
In real work, solid tup smashes the hammering thing, stops hammering then, remove tup, the hammering thing water or other modes that are crashed to pieces are diluted sucking-off, when this mechanism takes out the hammering thing that is crashed to pieces at needs, tup all will quit work, and makes operating efficiency reduce greatly.The hammering thing of the most close tup bottom is crashed to pieces at first during hammering, the part that is crashed to pieces is at first impacted repeatedly owing to can not in time take out, interlayer at hammering place formation " mat " sample has consumed the hammer force suffered than the distal part position from the tup bottom, and the useful work ratio is very low.Solid construction makes that the tup quality is heavier, give quit work, the removing of displacement and hammering thing all brings very big difficulty; In addition, solid construction consumption material is many, and waste of material is big, and energy consumption is also big in the use.
Need ceaselessly the hammering chip to be taken out in the hammering process, so that deep enough the going on of hammering energy, prior art is used usually and is carried out based on the anti-circulation of centrifugal pump, and this method needs the power of pump big, and the consumed energy height is economical inadequately.Because the suction journey and the lift of pump itself are limited, limited the degree of depth of removing chip simultaneously.
Existing crushing mechanism adopts wire rope directly to link to each other with tup usually, and solid tup is heavy, and the holding capacity of wire rope is big, the mechanical wear height, and the application life of whole machinery is low.
Because probing or hammering are along with progress will be deepened, the main drilling rod that presets can not meet the demands under certain depth, needs to increase drilling rod; In addition, if between tup and main drilling rod, install short scale drilling rod additional, then be convenient to install, safeguard and transportation.
Connection between drilling rod uses traditional flange to finish, and in operation or job site two flange plates is connected with bolt, needs a plurality of people when connecting, and connects with two spanners respectively, need fastening bolt want 6-12 individual, time-consuming, take a lot of work.Simultaneously, because flange plate separates with the member that will be connected, be easy to produce bolt and lose, the problem that flange and the member that will be connected can't be connected.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the defective of existing crushing mechanism and tup, the present invention proposes a kind of new crushing mechanism and tup.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of crushing mechanism, comprising: suspension ring device, main drilling rod, air inlet pipe, compression spring shield and tup;
Wherein, the suspension ring device is used for by support and steel wire tractive master drilling rod, and described tup is a hollow, the opening arranged off-centre of this tup bottom; Described main drilling rod, compression spring shield and tup form hollow and are communicated with, and main drilling rod links to each other with the top of compression spring shield, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup;
Wherein, air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and is communicated with main drilling rod, gas is pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural scheme of mechanism according to a kind of crushing engine of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 be crushing engine shown in Figure 1 K to F to schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is hollow tup and tup schematic surface;
Fig. 4 is short drilling rod connection diagram;
Fig. 5 illustrates the drilling rod that two ends have the weak point of band handle flange plate;
Fig. 6 illustrates the flange plate of band handle;
Fig. 7 illustrates the flange plate of not being with handle;
Fig. 8 illustrates an anchor ear;
Fig. 9 illustrates another anchor ear;
Figure 10 illustrates the compression spring shield that is connected with tup, main drilling rod;
Figure 11 illustrates the sectional view of the spring stack in the compression spring shield;
Figure 12 illustrates the elbow with suspension ring device;
Figure 13 and Figure 14 illustrate the disk that the air inlet pipe segmentation is communicated with;
Figure 15 illustrates the valve mechanism schematic diagram of the main drilling rod connection of air inlet pipe.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.Be appreciated that structure and layout, can be applied in separately in the crushing mechanism that includes but not limited in first embodiment, describe, perhaps sell or use as an independent product for hollow tup, flange, compression spring shield, air inlet pipe.
In addition, for the hollow tup, the compression spring shield, main drilling rod, suspension ring device and air inlet pipe can constitute crushing mechanism mutually, for example has tup, the crushing mechanism of main drilling rod and air inlet pipe, has the hollow tup, main drilling rod, the crushing mechanism of suspension ring device and air inlet pipe, drilling rod with a plurality of weak points of anchor ear flange connection, the hollow tup, the crushing mechanism of air inlet pipe and suspension ring device, under instruction according to following embodiment, those skilled in the art can make up each function that realizes that the present invention mentions to assembly according to the present invention, the various combinations of being done are included in the scope of appended claim, but the composition of crushing mechanism of the present invention is not limited thereto according to above-mentioned ingredient.
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of crushing mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, this crushing mechanism comprises the suspension ring device, main drilling rod, air inlet pipe, compression spring shield and tup.The suspension ring device is positioned at the top of crushing mechanism, comprises suspension ring, support and wire rope, and stent support is at well head, wire rope tractive master drilling rod, and wire rope lifts main drilling rod by suspension ring, makes winner's drilling rod lifting.The upper end of main drilling rod is connected to elbow, is used to discharge residue liquid.Air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and is communicated with main drilling rod, and the upper end of air inlet pipe connects air compressor (abbreviation air compressor machine), by air compressor machine air is pressed in the main drilling rod through air inlet pipe.Main drilling rod links to each other with the top of compression spring shield, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup, and described tup is a hollow, and main drilling rod, compression spring shield and tup form hollow and be communicated with, the opening arranged off-centre of this tup bottom.
In the prior art, tup generally is solid.Though also there is the tup of hollow; but the opening of this tup is usually located at the middle part, and the advantage that is arranged in the middle part is that the tup material is evenly distributed, and is stressed evenly for the hammering of tup; can protect tup preferably; but comparatively speaking, tup when hammering, narrow space; opening is positioned at the tup at middle part; make partly to be formed projection by hammering below the tup, stop up the opening of main drilling rod, and evenly hammering.For overcoming this defective, in the present embodiment, the inside of this tup comprises cavity, the rear surface welding or the riveted joint of the upper end face of tup and compression spring shield.The lower openings of the compression spring shield of tup upper opening is communicated with, and the internal diameter of tup upper opening is equal to or less than the lower openings of compression spring shield.
Further, as shown in Figure 2, the cavity of tup is divided into two chambeies in the bottom, and all less than the internal diameter of cavity, more preferably, the cross sectional area of two openings is less than the cross sectional area of cavity for the internal diameter of the opening in these two chambeies.Use two openings to make the pressure (suction) of hollow contact site increase, be convenient to the removing of material, required drive reduces greatly in reset procedure simultaneously.The shared volume in hollow part is little, and the shared volume in solid position is big, to not causing substantial effect with the application life of tup.In one embodiment, be appreciated that, be divided into two openings in the bottom with respect to above-mentioned tup, the cavity of tup herein can be divided into one or more opening in the bottom, these openings can be evenly or are not become the basal surface that is distributed in tup regularly, for example, form the annulus of space, form triangular shape of space or the like.These one or more openings can arranged off-centre, perhaps part arranged off-centre.These one or more openings can be circle, ellipse, rectangle or other shapes, and their shape can be consistent or inconsistent.For example, the part of these openings is circular, and another part is ellipse or rectangle.Their internal diameter also can be the same, and perhaps internal diameter is different mutually.
Fig. 3 illustrates the tup basal surface, as shown in Figure 3, and a plurality of grooves that are interconnected of tup sole arrangement, the alloy sheets of a plurality of high rigidity of edge placement of groove or alloy projection.Arrange the alloy sheets or the alloy projection of high rigidity, can strengthen the hardness of hammering.Arrange a plurality of grooves that are interconnected, can be so that hammering impurity and fluid can not form bur at the tup basal surface.In an example, a plurality of alloy sheets of tup surface distributed are not being arranged the position cutting of alloy sheets, form to be communicated with.The shape of alloy sheets is not limited to circle, can use ellipse or rectangle, and front end preferably uses taper, and promptly the cross sectional area of the front end of alloy sheets is less than the cross sectional area of rear end, and the rear end is convenient to embed in the tup main body.
In actual engineering, owing to bore going deep into of hitting, the length of main drilling rod needs to adjust, and the main drilling rod of use standardization length just need carry a plurality of main drilling rods, and main drilling rod integral body need be proposed from the hammering position in engineering, and change, very not convenient in engineering is prepared and replaced.In the present embodiment, between main drilling rod and compression spring shield, can add a plurality of drilling rods that are connected with anchor ear by flange, the drilling rod of these a plurality of weak points can be installed at the upper end of main drilling rod, just the length of main drilling rod can be increased under situation about not needing main drilling rod proposition hammering position like this.According to actual hammering situation; can stop hammering at any time; the drilling rod of a plurality of weak points is attached on the main drilling rod temporarily, installs additional with respect to whole to propose for the hammering position time quite short with crushing mechanism, just saved the most time-consuming main drilling rod of proposition and the time of tup and shut down.
Use existing flange to connect and can realize being connected of short drilling rod and main drilling rod, but existing flange attended operation difficulty as described in the background art, time and effort consuming, and need suitability preferably between flange and the drilling rod.Shown in Figure 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, short two ends of drill can shift to an earlier date the mounting flange sheet, and short two ends of drill can be arranged the flange plate with handle, and arrange on the connector of this two ends of drill that not with the flange of handle, the mechanism of flange describes in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 6-9.Perhaps an end of each short drilling rod arranges that one end is arranged the flange plate of band handle not with the flange plate of handle, can realize that standardization connects.Like this, one section that a section of being connected with elbow except the upper end of main drilling rod and lower end are connected with the compression spring shield, can use two ends to be connected with the drilling rod of the weak point of flange plate.Also can adopt such flange mechanism to connect between main drilling rod and the top elbow, so just can between main drilling rod and elbow, install drilling rod arbitrarily additional.Such flange mechanism and corresponding short drilling rod convenient transportation are assembled on construction ground, adjust at any time according to degree of depth needs, make and install operational standardization additional, and be time saving and energy saving.
With reference to figure 6-9, a kind of flange bindiny mechanism is shown, this flange mechanism includes but not limited to be used for installing additional of above-mentioned drilling rod.This flange arrangement comprises two flange plates and two semicircle anchor ears, a slice of flange is circular, another sheet of flange is circular for the band handle, the flange with handle is not identical with external diameter with flange internal diameter except the part of handle of band handle, two flange plates respectively by predetermined fixed to two pipes that will connect, use to include but not limited to welding or riveted way.Fig. 6 illustrates the flange of band handle, and its main body is an annular, and internal diameter adapts to the internal diameter of institute's connecting tube.Leave two symmetrical screws on the handle of flange body.By these two screws, an end separately of two semicircle anchor ears is connected on the flange of band handle.Fig. 7 illustrates the flange of not being with handle, and the internal diameter of this flange adapts to the internal diameter of institute's connecting tube equally.Flange shape, the material of this flange and band handle are adaptive.Can leave circular hole on the annulus of the flange plate shown in Fig. 6 and 7, fix so that the tracheae of the pipe fitting arranged around that connects passes flange plate.Perhaps do not leave circular hole, because the thickness of flange plate itself is not enough to influence tracheae or other pipe fittings depending on around main drilling rod.The end face of a flange has antitorque pin, and the corresponding position of another flange is fluted, prevents that the flange that is connected from laterally twisting.This antitorque pin can be the cross pin, cotter pilotage.The area of the antitorque pin front end cross section that this end face is arranged is less, and the area of rear end cross section is bigger, accordingly, the cross section of the front end of groove is bigger, and that the face of the cross section of rear end connects is less, and the easy like this flange plate that makes is aimed at easily, and can be that flange plate agrees with.In addition, groove uses circular, and promptly the cross section of front-end and back-end is identical, equals the area of the cross section of pin rear end.
Fig. 8 and 9 illustrates two semicircle anchor ears, and wherein, two semicircle anchor ears relatively are connected the connection end face of the flange of band handle by bolt, promptly by bolt two semicircle anchor ears is fixed in the screw on the handle.Two semicircle anchor ears have inside crimping in the outer rim away from the one side of the flange of band handle,, two flanges are tightened up by crimping on time at flange plate, prevent that flange from vertically moving.Crimping equals or is slightly larger than the thickness of not being with the handle flange plate apart from the distance of band handle flange plate, like this can by crimping will be with the outstanding flange containment of the flange of handle with respect to pipe fitting, tighten up towards band handle flange.At crimping when the distance of band handle flange plate is slightly larger than the thickness of not being with the handle flange plate, in order to increase the seal between the flange plate, can the placement of flexible pad between two flange plates.The ring edge of flange can be set to arc, and the bead designs of corresponding anchor ear is an arc, so that progressively fastening according to the abrasion condition that uses in use.
In addition, anchor ear also has another kind of arrangement, wherein, two semicircle anchor ears can be in upper end open, and there is cross through hole the both sides of opening, and this opening clips on the handle of the flange of being with handle, screw on this cross through hole and the handle is aimed at, and by bolt anchor ear is linked to each other with band handle flange.The width of opening is greater than the width of handle, with two flange plates fixedly the time, can connection opening and the bolt of band handle flange on, add packing ring on the left side or the right of handle, so that anchor ear can or be moved to the left, to tighten up two flange plates adaptively to the right.
As mentioned above, an end of two anchor ears is connected on the handle, and the other end of two anchor ears, an anchor ear is equipped with pin, and another anchor ear is equipped with notch, and notch and pin are complementary.After two flanges are aimed at, two anchor ears are encircled this flange plate, tighten pin, mounting flange connects.In addition as mentioned above, by adjusting the connecting bolt of two semicircle anchor ears, adjust two degrees of tightness between the flange at the flange connections of band handle.
Figure 10 illustrates the compression spring shield that is connected with the hollow tup, and Figure 11 illustrates the cross section of longitudinal spring post.As shown in figure 10, compression spring shield and tup form hollow and are communicated with, and wherein compress to have identical and the hollow tube that internal diameter is different of external diameter in the spring shield, and air inlet pipe can link to each other with the hollow tube in the compression spring shield.Main drilling rod links to each other with the fluted disc on compression spring shield top, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup, and the tup that described compression spring shield bottom connects rotates with respect to main drilling rod by the spring rotating mechanism that comprises described fluted disc.
Further, with reference to Figure 10 and 11, the spring rotating mechanism comprises fluted disc, crossed strip dish, longitudinal spring post; Last fluted disc is positioned at the inner and upper of compression spring shield, and the upper surface of last fluted disc and main drilling rod directly weld or rivet, and the soffit of last fluted disc is distributed with gear piece.The longitudinal spring post is connected the bottom of compression spring shield, and the crossed strip dish connect to be supported by the longitudinal spring post, and the upper surface of crossed strip dish is arranged gear piece, the gear piece on the crossed strip dish can with the gear piece interlock of last fluted disc.The diameter of last fluted disc is greater than the internal diameter of the upper opening of compression spring shield.
The soffit riveted joint or the welding of tup and compression spring shield.The under shed internal diameter of compression spring shield is greater than the upper shed internal diameter of tup.
When hammering, lifting by main drilling rod between last fluted disc and the crossed strip dish separates, the gear piece of crossed strip dish leaves the gear piece of fluted disc, under the support of crossed strip, crossed strip coils goes up the fluted disc rotation, drives parts and the tup of compression spring shield except that last fluted disc and rotates around main drilling rod together, next gear piece interlock of the gear piece of crossed strip dish and fluted disc then, the corresponding rotation displacement of tup, when winner's drilling rod is descended, the position that hammering is different.
Have a plurality of gear pieces on the last fluted disc, gear piece is wedge or triangle, the gear piece on the crossed strip dish and the quantity correspondence of the gear piece on the fluted disc.The quantity of described gear piece is one of them in 18 to 72, makes the each lifting of winner's drilling rod can cause tup corresponding rotation 5-20 degree, and certainly, the quantity of this gear piece can increase or reduce as required, adjusts the angular dimension of tup rotation.
Further reference is as Fig. 1, and air inlet pipe is arranged in main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and the upper end of air inlet pipe is connected to air compressor machine, is used for air is pressed into air inlet pipe.Air inlet pipe and main drilling rod are communicated with, and gas are pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine.
Usually, air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side, in one of them position of 45-55 rice from top to bottom with stretch into main drilling rod and main drilling rod is communicated with.Through experimental verification, this position is in vertical 50 meters the position pressure maximum from top to bottom of air inlet pipe.
Above-mentioned layout is suitable for the fixed position arrangement at main drilling rod, in the hammering process, main drilling rod gradually deeply, make the positional interface place of air inlet pipe and main drilling rod can not better controlled at the pressure spot of expectation.
In the another kind of the application's air inlet pipe connected, described air inlet pipe was communicated with at main drilling rod a plurality of positions and main drilling rod from top to bottom, at the responsive valve of each connection place setting pressure.When not reaching desired pressure, pressure valve is tending towards closed condition; When reaching desired pressure point, pressure valve is opened automatically, and ventilation enters main drilling rod, makes the Pneumatic pipe cleaner of realizing desired pressure become owner of drilling rod.Wherein, the opening point of presser sensor valve is provided with 45-55 rice, more preferably, is arranged on the 5kg point, i.e. 50 meters hydraulic pressure places.
Be in operation, the downward hammering of main drilling rod, tup is broken with hammering flour, the fluid dilution of chip, impurity through feeding, enter main drilling rod by hollow tup, compression spring shield, air inlet pipe feeds gas by the position that is connected with main drilling rod, and this gas upwards promotes the liquid on connecting portion top, discharges through main drilling rod.And the liquid that can not of connecting portion bottom is affected.Like this in hammering, the liquid that the bottom will be mixed with impurity always upwards flows, gas always with the liquid in the main drilling rod to extrapolation, thereby the impurity of pulverizing is discharged, this process is carried out in hammering, and does not need special shut-down to handle discharge process.The chip that the anti-circulation of such gaslift is can be faster and better cleaner under opening a hole, because the buoyancy and the election power of air self, gaslift can just can be lifted the strength of weight with little power, and fragment is removed.
For some situation, need the main drilling rod of rotation, having problems like this is exactly the side that air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod, but not with main drilling rod one, the rotation of main drilling rod can make air inlet pipe and other pipe fitting that is attached to main drilling rod form winding on main drilling rod, and causes mechanical breakdown.
In the present invention, by air inlet pipe being divided into two sections, wherein, the epimere of air inlet pipe is along with main drilling rod rotates, and hypomere and main drilling rod keep not rotating.Particularly, the upper outside of main drilling rod arrange cutting respectively two and half on dish and two and half lower walls, the dish riveted is held main drilling rod tightly on two and half, two and half lower wall riveteds are held main drilling rod tightly, four and half form hollow ring between coiling.First dish and second dish press together by platen.First dish is connected with rotating disk, and rotating disk drives first dish and rotates, and enters to drive main drilling rod rotation.
Air inlet pipe is divided into two sections by the disk of riveted, and epimere links to each other with first dish, and hypomere links to each other with second dish.The gas that air inlet pipe feeds enters hollow ring by epimere, and the gas in the hollow ring flows into the hypomere of air inlet pipe.Like this, when the rotation of main drilling rod, will not influence air inlet pipe, air inlet pipe is wrapped on the main drilling rod, can also guarantee the normal ventilation of air inlet pipe.
The device of suspension ring shown in Figure 12, this suspension ring device is positioned at the top of crushing mechanism, is used for by support and steel wire tractive master drilling rod.Drive the hammering of hammer to the hammering thing by the suspension ring device, do the up-and-down reciprocating motion, the distance of its motion (or height) is analyzed the back decision by corresponding sensor according to the obtained data of last hammering.
In an embodiment of the present invention, various materials can be used and resistance to wear and high manganese steel or other steel of hardness.
More than total description constitute each composition of the structure of breaker, but it is understandable for those skilled in the art, breaker for specific implementation, might not need to have above-mentioned whole ingredient, those skilled in the art can be in conjunction with specific combination the separately.In following embodiment, the various composition of breaker has been described, and for above-mentioned feature class like structure, below will not be described in detail, the embodiment of these compositions only is schematic and nonrestrictive.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, a kind of tup is provided, this tup comprises hollow chamber, hollow chamber is divided into one or more opening in the tup bottom, described one or more opening arranged off-centre.In the present embodiment, the rear surface welding or the riveted joint of the upper end face of tup and compression spring shield.The lower openings of tup upper opening and compression spring shield is communicated with, and the internal diameter of tup upper opening is equal to or less than the lower openings of compression spring shield.
As shown in Figure 2, the cavity of tup is divided into two chambeies in the bottom, and the internal diameter of the opening in these two chambeies is all less than the internal diameter of cavity.Use two openings to make the pressure of hollow contact site increase, be convenient to the removing of material, required drive reduces greatly in reset procedure simultaneously.The shared volume in hollow part is little, and the shared volume in solid position is big.In one embodiment, be appreciated that the cavity of tup can be divided into one or more opening in the bottom, these openings can be evenly or are not become the basal surface that is distributed in tup regularly.As mentioned above, these one or more openings can arranged off-centre, perhaps part arranged off-centre.These one or more openings can be circle, ellipse or rectangle, and their shape can be consistent or inconsistent.For example, the part of these openings is circular, and another part is ellipse or rectangle.Their internal diameter also can be the same, and perhaps internal diameter is different mutually.
Fig. 3 illustrates the tup basal surface, as shown in Figure 3, and a plurality of grooves that are interconnected of tup sole arrangement, alloying pellet (point) head of a plurality of high rigidity of edge placement of groove.Arrange alloying pellet (point) head of high rigidity, can strengthen the hardness of hammering.Arrange a plurality of grooves that are interconnected, can be so that hammering impurity and fluid can not form bur at the tup basal surface.
This hollow tup can be used for crushing mechanism, and this crushing mechanism can also comprise the suspension ring device, main drilling rod, air inlet pipe, compression spring shield; Wherein, the suspension ring device is used for by support and steel wire tractive master drilling rod, and main drilling rod, compression spring shield and hollow tup form hollow and be communicated with, and main drilling rod links to each other with the top of compression spring shield, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup; Air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and is communicated with main drilling rod, gas is pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine; The internal diameter of the hollow chamber of described tup is less than the internal diameter of the hollow of main drilling rod.
In the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, provide a kind of tup rotating mechanism, comprising: main drilling rod, compression spring shield and hollow tup; Main drilling rod, compression spring shield and tup form hollow and are communicated with, main drilling rod links to each other with the fluted disc on compression spring shield top, the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup, the opening arranged off-centre of this tup bottom, the tup that described compression spring shield bottom connects rotates with respect to main drilling rod by the spring rotating mechanism that comprises described fluted disc.
Figure 10 illustrates the compression spring shield that is connected with the hollow tup, and Figure 11 illustrates the cross section of longitudinal spring post.As shown in figure 10, compression spring shield and tup form hollow and are communicated with, and wherein compress to have identical and the hollow tube that internal diameter is different of external diameter in the spring shield, and air inlet pipe and the hollow tube that compresses in the spring shield link to each other.Main drilling rod links to each other with the fluted disc on compression spring shield top, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup.
Further, with reference to Figure 10 and 11, the spring rotating mechanism comprises fluted disc, crossed strip dish, longitudinal spring post; Last fluted disc is positioned at the inner and upper of compression spring shield, and the upper surface of last fluted disc and main drilling rod directly weld or rivet, and the soffit of last fluted disc is distributed with gear piece.The longitudinal spring post is connected the bottom of compression spring shield, and the crossed strip dish connect to be supported by the longitudinal spring post, and the upper surface of crossed strip dish is arranged gear piece, the gear piece on the crossed strip dish can with the gear piece interlock of last fluted disc.The diameter of last fluted disc is greater than the internal diameter of the upper opening of compression spring shield.
The soffit riveted joint or the welding of tup and compression spring shield.The under shed internal diameter of compression spring shield is greater than the upper shed internal diameter of tup.
When hammering, lifting by main drilling rod between last fluted disc and the crossed strip dish separates, the gear piece of crossed strip dish leaves the gear piece of fluted disc, under the support of crossed strip, crossed strip coils goes up the fluted disc rotation, drives parts and the tup of compression spring shield except that last fluted disc and rotates around main drilling rod together, next gear piece interlock of the gear piece of crossed strip dish and fluted disc then, the corresponding rotation displacement of tup, when winner's drilling rod is descended, the position that hammering is different.
Have a plurality of gear pieces on the last fluted disc, gear piece is wedge or triangle, the gear piece on the crossed strip dish and the quantity correspondence of the gear piece on the fluted disc.The quantity of described gear piece is one of them in 18 to 72, makes the each lifting of winner's drilling rod can cause tup corresponding rotation 5-20 degree, and certainly, the quantity of this gear piece can increase or reduce as required, adjusts the angular dimension of tup rotation.The tup rotating mechanism also comprises air inlet pipe, and described air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and is communicated with main drilling rod, gas is pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine.
In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a kind of flange bindiny mechanism is provided, this flange arrangement comprises two flange plates and two semicircle anchor ears, a slice of flange is circular, another sheet of flange is circular for the band handle, not identical with flange internal diameter except the part of handle of band handle with external diameter with the flange of handle, two flange plates respectively by predetermined fixed to two pipes that will connect, use to include but not limited to welding or riveted way.Fig. 6 illustrates the flange of band handle, and its main body is an annular, and internal diameter adapts to the internal diameter of institute's connecting tube.Leave two symmetrical screws on the handle of flange body.By these two screws, an end separately of two semicircle anchor ears is connected on the flange of band handle.Fig. 7 illustrates the flange of not being with handle, and the internal diameter of this flange adapts to the internal diameter of institute's connecting tube equally.Flange shape, the material of this flange and band handle are adaptive.Can leave circular hole on the annulus of the flange plate shown in Fig. 6 and 7, fix so that the tracheae of the pipe fitting arranged around that connects passes flange plate.Perhaps do not leave circular hole, because the thickness of flange plate itself is not enough to influence tracheae or other pipe fittings depending on around main drilling rod.The end face of a flange has antitorque pin, and the corresponding position of another flange is fluted, prevents that the flange that is connected from laterally twisting.This antitorque pin can be the cross pin, cotter pilotage etc.The area of the antitorque pin front end cross section that this end face is arranged is less, and the area of rear end cross section is bigger, accordingly, the cross section of the front end of groove is bigger, and that the face of the cross section of rear end connects is less, and the easy like this flange plate that makes is aimed at easily, and can be that flange plate agrees with.
Fig. 8 and 9 illustrates two semicircle anchor ears, and wherein, two semicircle anchor ears relatively are connected the connection end face of the flange of band handle by bolt, that is to say by bolt two semicircle anchor ears are fixed in the screw on the handle.Two semicircle anchor ears have inside crimping in the outer rim away from the one side of the flange of band handle,, two flanges are tightened up by crimping on time at flange plate, prevent that flange from vertically moving.Crimping equals or is slightly larger than the thickness of not being with the handle flange plate apart from the distance of band handle flange plate, like this can by crimping will be with the outstanding flange containment of the flange of handle with respect to pipe fitting, tighten up towards band handle flange.At crimping when the distance of band handle flange plate is slightly larger than the thickness of not being with the handle flange plate, in order to increase the seal between the flange plate, can the placement of flexible pad between two flange plates.
In addition, anchor ear also has another kind of arrangement, wherein, two semicircle anchor ears can be in upper end open, and there is cross through hole the both sides of opening, and this opening clips on the handle of the flange of being with handle, screw on this cross through hole and the handle is aimed at, and by bolt anchor ear is linked to each other with band handle flange.The width of opening is greater than the thickness of handle, with two flange plates fixedly the time, can connection opening and the bolt of band handle flange on, add packing ring on the left side or the right of handle, so that anchor ear can or be moved to the left, to tighten up two flange plates adaptively to the right.
As mentioned above, an end of two anchor ears is connected on the handle; And the other end of two anchor ears, an anchor ear is equipped with pin, and another anchor ear is equipped with notch, and notch and pin are complementary.After two flanges are aimed at, two anchor ears are encircled this flange plate, tighten pin, mounting flange connects.In addition, by adjusting the connecting bolt of two semicircle anchor ears, adjust two degrees of tightness between the flange at the flange connections of band handle.
This flange mechanism can be used for a kind of crushing mechanism, in this crushing mechanism, uses this flange mechanism that a plurality of drilling rods are linked together, and forms main drilling rod, and wherein, this crushing mechanism comprises: suspension ring device, main drilling rod, air inlet pipe, compression spring shield, tup; The suspension ring device is used for by support and steel wire tractive master drilling rod, and described main drilling rod, compression spring shield and tup form hollow and be communicated with, and main drilling rod links to each other with the top of compression spring shield, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup; Air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and is communicated with main drilling rod, gas is pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine; Described tup is a hollow, the opening arranged off-centre of this tup bottom; Also comprise one or more drilling rod that a plurality of flange mechanism is connected between described main drilling rod and the described compression spring shield.
In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, a kind of broken assembly with air inlet pipe is provided, comprising: main drilling rod, air inlet pipe and hollow tup; The hollow tup is connected the lower end of main drilling rod, and air inlet pipe is arranged in main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and the upper end of air inlet pipe is connected to air compressor machine, is used for air is pressed into air inlet pipe.Air inlet pipe and main drilling rod are communicated with, and gas are pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine.
Usually, air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side, in one of them position of 45-55 rice from top to bottom with stretch into main drilling rod and main drilling rod is communicated with.Through experimental verification, this position is in vertical 50 meters the position pressure maximum from top to bottom of air inlet pipe.
Above-mentioned layout is suitable for the fixed position arrangement at main drilling rod, in the hammering process, main drilling rod gradually deeply, make the positional interface place of air inlet pipe and main drilling rod can not better controlled at the pressure spot of expectation.
In the another kind of the application's air inlet pipe connected, described air inlet pipe was communicated with at main drilling rod a plurality of positions and main drilling rod from top to bottom, at the responsive valve of each connection place setting pressure.When not reaching desired pressure, pressure valve is closed; When reaching desired pressure point, pressure valve is opened, and ventilation enters main drilling rod, makes the Pneumatic pipe cleaner of realizing desired pressure become owner of drilling rod.Wherein, the opening point of presser sensor valve is provided with 45-55 rice, more preferably, is arranged on the 5kg point, i.e. 50 meters hydraulic pressure places.
Figure 15 illustrates the valve mechanism schematic diagram between air inlet pipe and the main drilling rod.As shown in figure 15, this valving comprises stage clip, valve body, taper valve core, O type circle, air valve lead and draw ring, and stage clip, taper valve core, O type circle, air valve lead and draw ring are arranged in the vertically aerial of valve body, and top is by the stage clip bolt.The air inlet port of valve connects air inlet pipe, and the gas outlet of valve connects main drilling rod, and by the taper valve core sealing, the taper valve core upper end is pressed by stage clip and put between air inlet port and the gas outlet, and stage clip is fixed in the valve body by regulating screw thread.The spool bottom is an O type circle, and O type circle connects the air valve lead, and the air valve lead connects draw ring.During use, the draw ring of can leaving behind when air inlet pipe connects is communicated with air inlet port and gas outlet.When perhaps arriving predetermined pressure, stage clip flicks, and air inlet port and gas outlet are communicated with.
Be in operation, the downward hammering of main drilling rod, tup is broken with hammering flour, the fluid dilution of chip, impurity through feeding, enter main drilling rod by hollow tup, compression spring shield, air inlet pipe feeds gas by the position that is connected with main drilling rod, and this gas upwards promotes the liquid on connecting portion top, discharges through main drilling rod.And the liquid that can not of connecting portion bottom is affected.Like this in hammering, the liquid that the bottom will be mixed with impurity always upwards flows, gas always with the liquid in the main drilling rod to extrapolation, thereby the impurity of pulverizing is discharged, this process is carried out in hammering, and does not need special shut-down to handle discharge process.The chip that the anti-circulation of such gaslift is can be faster and better cleaner under opening a hole, because the buoyancy and the election power of air self, gaslift can just can be lifted the strength of weight with little power, and fragment is removed.
According to a sixth embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of crushing mechanism of rotatable drilling rod, having comprised: main drilling rod, air inlet pipe; Wherein, air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and is communicated with main drilling rod, gas is pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine.The outside on the top of main drilling rod arrange cutting respectively two and half on dish and two and half lower walls, the dish riveted is held main drilling rod tightly on two and half, two and half lower wall riveteds are held main drilling rod tightly, form hollow ring between four and half dishes, air inlet pipe is divided into two sections by the disk of riveted, epimere links to each other with first dish, and hypomere links to each other with second dish, and main drilling rod rotates and air inlet pipe can be wrapped on the main drilling rod along with first coils residing rotating disk.
Wherein, first dish and second dish press together by platen.Need rotation top master's drilling rod, existing problems are exactly the side that air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod like this, but not with main drilling rod one, the rotation of main drilling rod can make air inlet pipe and other pipe fitting that is attached to main drilling rod form winding on main drilling rod, and causes mechanical breakdown.
In the present invention, by air inlet pipe being divided into two sections, wherein, the epimere of air inlet pipe is along with main drilling rod rotates, and hypomere and main drilling rod keep not rotating.Particularly, the upper outside of main drilling rod arrange cutting respectively two and half on dish and two and half lower walls, the dish riveted is held main drilling rod tightly on two and half, two and half lower wall riveteds are held main drilling rod tightly, four and half form hollow ring between coiling.First dish and second dish press together by platen.First dish is connected with rotating disk, and rotating disk drives first dish and rotates, and enters to drive main drilling rod rotation.
Air inlet pipe is divided into two sections by the disk of riveted, and epimere links to each other with first dish, and hypomere links to each other with second dish.The gas that air inlet pipe feeds enters hollow ring by epimere, and the gas in the hollow ring flows into the hypomere of air inlet pipe.Like this, when the rotation of main drilling rod, will not influence air inlet pipe, air inlet pipe is wrapped on the main drilling rod, can also guarantee the normal ventilation of air inlet pipe.
According to hollow tup of the present invention, when hammering, do not need hammer is removed, can remove the hammering thing that is crashed to pieces at any time, save time and staff's labour intensity; Because the hammering thing can in time be removed, no longer include " mat " in the bottom of hammer, so efficient improves greatly; The hollow tup can also feed various materials, as liquid or less than the material of hollow diameter, to reach different purposes and purposes; Hollow tup material therefor is few, saves material, and is in light weight, and convenient in carrying is saved energy consumption, can also save artificial and time.
The air inlet pipe that the present invention uses is utilized the buoyancy and the election power that makes progress of the characteristic of air itself well, compressed air arrives the bottommost that needs to remove chip simultaneously, as long as how long the pipe of corresponding conveying gas has, how many degree of depth of removing chip just can reach, and therefore changes conventional pump power fully and inhaled the defective that the restriction of journey and lift can not reach the requirement of the removing chip degree of depth.Simultaneously, air compressor make to be removed all suitable big of the speed and vigor of chip, adds anti-circulation and need not shut down and change any equipment and parts, and operating efficiency is accelerated greatly like this.
Various liquid and semisolid can be ventilated, be led to the hollow of main drilling rod and the conduit of arranging in addition, import gas, liquid or semi-solid to send into the below of hammering face, perhaps, perhaps hammer body is cooled off beyond the material derivation hammer body of hammer body below (perhaps).
Owing to adopted the method for gaslift suction, only in several seconds, just can finish the residue removing, conventional method is used about 30 minutes possibly, also needs 2-3 people; In the airlift method only use 1 people, mechanism of the present invention can extract bigger stone, soil block out, the pulverizing of unnecessary hammering, and traditional solid hammer can only be gone out the soil block or the stone of the pulverizing of hitting.
The present invention is simple in structure, easy construction, and high efficiency is saved artificial 4-8 people, raises the efficiency 2-3 doubly than original conventional method, saves consumptive material, saves the electricity charge, conserves water, and construction cost is low, and the pore-forming time is short, has high economic worth.
Practicality of the present invention and versatility are very strong, can on existing equipments such as traditional Churn drill, abrasion drill, install additional, can under the prerequisite of not eliminating existing device, install additional for old equipment, can under the prerequisite of utilizing the equipment that falls behind, raise the efficiency, reduce investment outlay and save resource.
In the seventh embodiment of the present invention, mechanism of the present invention can be used for Churn drill and abrasion drill, below with the Churn drill example, a kind of Churn drill mechanism is provided, comprise the suspension ring device, main drilling rod, air inlet pipe, compression spring shield and drill hammer.The suspension ring device is positioned at the top of Churn drill mechanism, comprises suspension ring, support and wire rope, and stent support is at well head, wire rope tractive master drilling rod, and wire rope lifts main drilling rod by suspension ring, makes winner's drilling rod lifting.The upper end of main drilling rod is connected to elbow, is used to discharge residue liquid.Air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and and the dreg-discharging rod of load master drilling rod one side be communicated with, the upper end of air inlet pipe connects air compressor (abbreviation air compressor machine), by air compressor machine air is pressed in the dreg-discharging rod through air inlet pipe.Main drilling rod links to each other with the top of compression spring shield, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with Churn drill.
The present invention can be used for applications such as the basis, oil exploitation, explosion of railway, highway, bridge, water conservancy, electric power Foundation Design, worker China Democratic National Construction Association.
The present invention can be in time discharges the soil bits and the aggregate chips that smash, compares and has improved drilling speed greatly, and drilling depth is many, drilling well timeliness height, drilling period are lacked, per unit size drilling depth cost is low, is the developing direction of modern steerable drilling.
It should be noted that at last above embodiment is only in order to describe technical scheme of the present invention rather than present technique method and application are limited.
Claims (18)
1. a crushing mechanism comprises: suspension ring device, main drilling rod, air inlet pipe, compression spring shield and tup;
Wherein, the suspension ring device is used for by support and steel wire tractive master drilling rod, and described tup is a hollow, the opening arranged off-centre of this tup bottom; Described main drilling rod, compression spring shield and tup form hollow and are communicated with, and main drilling rod links to each other with the top of compression spring shield, and the bottom of compression spring shield links to each other with tup;
Wherein, air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side extends from top to bottom, and is communicated with main drilling rod, gas is pressed in the main drilling rod by air inlet pipe via air compressor machine.
2. the crushing mechanism of claim 1 wherein, also comprises a plurality of drilling rods that are connected with anchor ear by flange between described main drilling rod and the described compression spring shield.
3. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, the outside on the top of described main drilling rod arrange cutting respectively two and half on dish and two and half lower walls, the dish riveted is held main drilling rod tightly on two and half, two and half lower wall riveteds are held main drilling rod tightly, form hollow ring between four and half dishes, and air inlet pipe is divided into two sections by the disk of riveted, epimere links to each other with first dish, and hypomere links to each other with second dish; First dish and second dish press together by platen; Main drilling rod rotates along with first coils residing rotating disk.
4. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, the hollow chamber of described tup is divided into one or more opening in the bottom, described one or more opening arranged off-centre, described one or more opening is circular, ellipse or rectangle.
5. the crushing mechanism of claim 4, wherein, the internal diameter of described opening is less than the internal diameter of hollow chamber, and less than the internal diameter of the hollow of main drilling rod.
6. the crushing mechanism of claim 4, wherein, a plurality of grooves that are interconnected of described tup sole arrangement, the alloy sheets of a plurality of high rigidity of edge placement of groove.
7. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, described air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side, in that one of them position and the main drilling rod of 45-55 rice are communicated with from top to bottom.
8. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, described air inlet pipe is attached to main drilling rod one side, and 50 meters position and main drilling rod are communicated with from top to bottom.
9. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, described air inlet pipe is communicated with main drilling rod respectively in main drilling rod a plurality of positions from top to bottom, and at the responsive valve of each connection place setting pressure, the opening point of presser sensor valve is arranged on 45-55 rice hydraulic pressure place.
10. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, described compression spring shield comprises and connects cover, fluted disc, crossed strip dish and a plurality of longitudinal spring post; Fluted disc links to each other with main drilling rod, and the longitudinal spring post is connected the bottom of compression spring shield, and a plurality of longitudinal spring posts support the crossed strip dish; The diameter of fluted disc is greater than the internal diameter of the upper opening of compression spring shield.
11. the crushing mechanism of claim 10 wherein, has a plurality of gear pieces on the described fluted disc, gear piece on the crossed strip dish and the gear piece interlock on the fluted disc, and the spring by the crossed strip dish drives tup and rotates around fluted disc; Wherein, the quantity of described gear piece is one of them in 18 to 72.
12. the crushing mechanism of claim 2, wherein, a slice in the flange is circular, and another sheet is the ring-type of bandwidth handle, and two are fixed to respectively on two pipes that will connect, and two semicircle anchor ears are connected on the flange of band handle in advance; The end face of a flange has antitorque pin, and the corresponding position of another flange is fluted, prevents that the flange that is connected from laterally twisting.
13. the crushing mechanism of claim 12, wherein, two semicircle anchor ears are strained two flanges, and are by turnbuckle that anchor ear is fastening, and anchor ear will be not inwardly tighten up with the flange of the handle outer rim crimping by this side of anchor ear, prevents that flange from vertically moving.
14. the crushing mechanism of claim 13, wherein, one of them anchor ear has pin, another anchor ear notch arranged, notch and pin are complementary.
15. the broken structure of claim 1 also comprises a plurality of pipes, each of a plurality of pipes is attached to the outside that main drilling rod one side extends to tup from top to bottom, and wherein, one of a plurality of pipes is used for logical steam to the bottom, and one of a plurality of pipes is used for water flowing to the bottom.
16. the crushing mechanism of claim 2, wherein, described a plurality of two ends of drill that are connected with anchor ear by flange are arranged the flange plate with handle, and arrange not the flange with handle on the connector of this two ends of drill.
17. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, the upper end of described air inlet pipe connects air compressor machine.
18. the crushing mechanism of claim 1, wherein, the upper end of described main drilling rod is connected with antitorque elbow, is used to discharge residue liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010571083 CN102094576B (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Crushing mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010571083 CN102094576B (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Crushing mechanism |
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| CN102094576B CN102094576B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106884615A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-06-23 | 中交公局第三工程有限公司 | Pile foundation rig tup component and cobble geology pile foundation rig |
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| CN86106885A (en) * | 1985-10-04 | 1987-04-01 | 利根钻探株式会社 | Air pressure percussive drilling method and device therefor |
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| CN102094576B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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