CN102094157B - A kind of tantalum base large amorphous alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of tantalum base large amorphous alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102094157B CN102094157B CN201110028276.7A CN201110028276A CN102094157B CN 102094157 B CN102094157 B CN 102094157B CN 201110028276 A CN201110028276 A CN 201110028276A CN 102094157 B CN102094157 B CN 102094157B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of tantalum base large amorphous alloy and preparation method thereof, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy has the composition shown in following general formula: Ta
ani
bco
cm
d, wherein, a+b+c+d=100, and a=40 ~ 60, b=5 ~ 45, c=5 ~ 30, d=0 ~ 20; M be selected from Al, Si, Nb, B, Cu, Ti, Zr, Pd, Ag and Au one or more.Tantalum base large amorphous alloy Heat stability is good provided by the invention, excellent in mechanical performance, and there is excellent corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tantalum base large amorphous alloy and preparation method thereof, relating to a kind of is particularly main component with tantalum, and comprises the tantalum base large amorphous alloy of at least 50% volume percent amorphous phase.
Background technology
The usual crystallization under balance cooling conditions of high temperature fluent metal or alloy is crystal.The sixties in 20th century rises, and has found that some metal or alloy (as Au-Si etc.) is under the non-equilibrium condition of Fast Cooling, such as, reach p.s. 10
4~ 10
6during the order of magnitude of K, the state of extreme viscous when can keep liquid state when solidifying, thus suppress crystallization, obtain amorphous metal or alloy.But, in order to obtain so high rate of cooling, molten metal or alloy can only be sprayed onto in the extraordinary conductive substrate of heat conduction, the amorphous metal obtained like this or the size of alloy very little.Such as, melt alloy is ejected on the copper roller of high speed rotating, obtains strip, or be cast in cold substrate and obtain thin slice and powder etc.
To late 1980s, metal institute of northeastern Japan university utilizes arc melting and spray to cast technology to prepare diameter for the millimeter even block amorphous alloy of centimetre-sized.Subsequently, AMORPHOUS ALLOY enters a high-speed developing period.By selecting different metal element and rational proportion, the critical cooling velocity that non-crystaline amorphous metal is formed can be reduced to about 1K/s, and its critical diameter can up to about 80mm.
The constructional feature of amorphous alloy is short range order, longrange disorder, and alloy Atom combines with metallic bond, has some characteristic of common amorphous substance and metal concurrently.Due to the structural performance of amorphous alloy, it has the performance of a series of uniqueness.Amorphous alloy has the excellent mechanical property such as high-yield strength, large elastic strain limit, high fatigue resistance and high-wearing feature.Amorphous alloy has the ability of excellent anti-medium corrosion.Amorphous alloy has the physicalies such as the expansion characteristics of excellent soft magnetism, Hard Magnetic and uniqueness equally.When non-crystaline amorphous metal is reheated to more than second-order transition temperature (Tg), there is the humidity province that crystallization does not occur in non-crystaline amorphous metal before crystallization, is called supercooling liquid phase region (SLR).In this region, amorphous alloy shows superplasticity, and can carry out the precision sizing distortion of various micro/nano level easily.
Up to now, the bulk amorphous alloy system had been found that has: the La base, Ce base, Yb base, Pr base, Nd base etc. of Zr base, Ti base, Cu base, Fe base, Pd base, Pt base, Au base, Mg base, Co base, Ni base, Ca base, Y base, Zn base and rare earth based.They also have different characteristics separately except the general aspects with amorphous alloy.As Co base amorphous alloy has the intensity of superelevation, can reach more than 5000MPa, be the highest in metallic substance; Ce base amorphous alloy has extremely low glass transformation temperature; Fe base amorphous alloy has excellent magnetic performance etc.Therefore, develop new amorphous alloy system to have great importance.
Tantalum (Ta) element fusing point high (3290K), the large (16.65g/cm of density
3), there is larger modulus (Young's modulus 186GPa, body modulus 200GPa), corrosion resistance and good, and it also there is application in electrical condenser.Ta base amorphous alloy may have the characteristic such as high glass transformation temperature, large density, high strength, excellent corrosion resistance.Therefore, develop Ta base large amorphous alloy and not only there is wide potential application foreground but also be conducive to the capability of independent innovation that intellecture property improves in China.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of there is high glass forming ability, Heat stability is good, large size, the tantalum base large amorphous alloy that is principal element with magnesium-yttrium-transition metal tantalum.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method that above-mentioned tantalum base large amorphous alloy is provided.
The object of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of tantalum base large amorphous alloy, it is characterized in that, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy has the composition shown in following general formula:
Ta
aNi
bCo
cM
d
Wherein, a+b+c+d=100, and a=40 ~ 60, b=5 ~ 45, c=5 ~ 30, d=0 ~ 20; M be selected from Al, Si, Nb, B, Cu, Ti, Zr, Pd, Ag and Au one or more.
According to tantalum base large amorphous alloy provided by the invention, wherein, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy is not less than 1 millimeter in the size of each dimension.Such as, in certain embodiments, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy is not less than 2 millimeters in the size of each dimension.
According to tantalum base large amorphous alloy provided by the invention, wherein, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy can comprise the amorphous phase of at least 50 volume %, preferably comprises the amorphous phase of at least 80 volume %.Such as, in certain preferred aspects, the content of amorphous phase can reach about 90 volume %, even reaches 100 volume %.
In some embodiment of tantalum base large amorphous alloy of the present invention, M can be selected from Al, Si, Nb, B, Cu, Ti, Zr, Pd, Ag and Au one or both.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned tantalum base large amorphous alloy, this preparation method comprises: by non-crystaline amorphous metal raw material mixed smelting, obtain mother alloy ingot after cooling; Then by this mother alloy ingot remelting and cooling forming.
According to preparation method provided by the invention, wherein, the add-on of described non-crystaline amorphous metal raw material meets the composition shown in following general formula: Ta
ani
bco
cm
d, wherein, a+b+c+d=100, and a=40 ~ 60, b=5 ~ 45, c=5 ~ 30, d=0 ~ 20; M be selected from Al, Si, Nb, B, Cu, Ti, Zr, Pd, Ag and Au one or more.Preferably, the purity of described Ta, Ni, Co and M element is all not less than 99.5 % by weight.
The method of melting of the present invention can be the melting method of various routine in this area, as long as by abundant for non-crystaline amorphous metal raw material melting.Can by various alloying element melting in arc-melting furnace or induction melting furnace.Reflow process generally adopts arc melting, induction melting or resistance melting.Described forming method can be the forming method of various routine in this area, such as, get rid of band, copper mold casting, inhale casting, die casting, jet flow forming or water quenching.
In a preferred embodiment, preparation method provided by the invention can carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) preparation of mother alloy: by each element T a, Ni, Co and M according to Ta
ani
bco
cm
datomic ratio batching, in the electric arc furnace of the argon atmospher of titanium absorption, by the raw mixture melting for preparing 3-6 time, mix, after cooling, obtain mother alloy ingot;
(2) casting is inhaled: by step 1) obtained mother alloy ingot refuse, utilize the absorbing and casting device in electric arc furnace, the melt of mother alloy is sucked water cooled copper mould, obtains the tantalum base noncrystal alloy of different size.
Tantalum base large amorphous alloy provided by the invention, compared with existing non-crystaline amorphous metal, has following beneficial effect:
1) Heat stability is good.Tantalum used in the present invention has dystectic feature, with it for the bulk amorphous alloys that matrix prepares has high glass transformation temperature (Tg) and crystallization temperature (Tx), its amorphous characteristic can be ensured in very wide temperature range.
2) excellent in mechanical performance.Its breaking tenacity (σ) can reach 2.7GPa, and microhardness (Hv) reaches 10GPa, and Young's modulus (E) is about 170GPa, and these are all better than most bulk amorphous alloys.Meanwhile, due to the comparatively large (12.98g/mm of its density
3), be a kind of potential armour piercing shot core material.
3) excellent corrosion resistance.Because tantalum used in the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance and the constitutional features of bulk amorphous alloys uniqueness, its corrosion resistance is very superior.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below, describe embodiment of the present invention in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the X-ray diffractogram of the tantalum base large amorphous alloy of embodiment of the present invention 1-3;
Fig. 2 is differential thermal analysis (DSC) graphic representation of the tantalum base large amorphous alloy of embodiment of the present invention 1-3, and its temperature rise rate is 10K/min;
Fig. 3 is the compression curve of the tantalum base large amorphous alloy of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described in detail, the embodiment provided only in order to illustrate the present invention, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation of tantalum base noncrystal alloy provided by the invention.
Use purity is raw material Ta, Ni, Co of more than 99.5%, be prepare raw material at 42: 40: 18 in molar ratio, put it into melting in the electric arc furnace of the argon atmospher of titanium absorption, melting 3 times, make mother alloy uniform composition, after cooling, obtain the mother alloy ingot of Ta-Ni-Co ternary alloy; Then by this mother alloy ingot refuse, utilize the absorbing and casting device in electric arc furnace, mother alloy melt is sucked water cooled copper mould, obtaining composition is Ta
42ni
40co
18, diameter is the long cylindric non-crystaline amorphous metal for 5cm of 2mm.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) result (Ta as shown in Figure 1 of this non-crystaline amorphous metal
42ni
40co
18corresponding curve), prove that this alloy is amorphous completely.
Can prove that this non-crystaline amorphous metal comprises by calculating heat content and be not less than 50% volume percent amorphous phase.
Thermal analyses (DSC) figure (Ta as shown in Figure 2 of this non-crystaline amorphous metal
42ni
40co
18corresponding curve), show its second-order transition temperature (Tg), crystallization starts temperature (Tx), and the width (Δ T=Tx-Tg) crossed between cold-zone is respectively 983K, 1023K and 40K.Therefore, this alloy has higher thermostability, can ensure its amorphous characteristic in wide temperature range.
Fig. 3 is the compression curve of the tantalum base large amorphous alloy that the present embodiment obtains, and strain rate is 5 × 10
-4s
-1, show that this alloy has high breaking tenacity and larger elastic limit.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation of tantalum base noncrystal alloy provided by the invention.
Use purity is raw material Ta, Ni, Co, Cu of more than 99.5%, be prepare raw material at 42: 38: 18: 2 in molar ratio, put it into melting in the electric arc furnace of the argon atmospher of titanium absorption, melting 5 times, make mother alloy uniform composition, after cooling, obtain the mother alloy ingot of Ta-Ni-Co-Cu quad alloy; Then by this mother alloy ingot refuse, utilize the absorbing and casting device in electric arc furnace, mother alloy melt is sucked water cooled copper mould, obtaining composition is Ta
42ni
38co
18cu
2, diameter is the long cylindric non-crystaline amorphous metal for 5cm of 2mm.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) result (Ta as shown in Figure 1 of this non-crystaline amorphous metal
42ni
38co
18cu
2corresponding curve), prove that this alloy is amorphous completely.
Can prove that this non-crystaline amorphous metal comprises by calculating heat content and be not less than 50% volume percent amorphous phase.
Thermal analyses (DSC) figure (Ta as shown in Figure 2 of this non-crystaline amorphous metal
42ni
38co
18cu
2corresponding curve), show its second-order transition temperature (Tg), crystallization starts temperature (Tx), the width (Δ T=Tx-Tg) crossed between cold-zone is respectively 984K, 1003K and 19K.Therefore, this alloy has higher thermostability, can ensure its amorphous characteristic in wide temperature range.
embodiment 3
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation of tantalum base noncrystal alloy provided by the invention.
Use purity is raw material Ta, Ni, Co, Pd of more than 99.5%, be prepare raw material at 42: 36: 18: 4 in molar ratio, put it into melting in the electric arc furnace of the argon atmospher of titanium absorption, melting 6 times, ensure mother alloy uniform composition, after cooling, obtain the mother alloy ingot of Ta-Ni-Co-Pd quad alloy; Then by this mother alloy ingot refuse, utilize the absorbing and casting device in electric arc furnace, mother alloy melt is sucked water cooled copper mould, obtaining composition is Ta
42ni
38co
18pd
4, diameter is the long cylindric non-crystaline amorphous metal for 5cm of 2mm.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) result (Ta as shown in Figure 1 of this non-crystaline amorphous metal
42ni
38co
18pd
4corresponding curve), prove that this alloy is amorphous completely.Can prove that this non-crystaline amorphous metal comprises by calculating heat content and be not less than 50% volume percent amorphous phase.
Thermal analyses (DSC) figure (Ta as shown in Figure 2 of this non-crystaline amorphous metal
42ni
38co
18pd
4corresponding curve), show its second-order transition temperature (Tg), crystallization starts temperature (Tx), the width (Δ T=Tx-Tg) crossed between cold-zone is respectively 993K, 1008K and 15K.Therefore, this alloy has higher thermostability, can ensure its amorphous characteristic in wide temperature range.
embodiment 4 ~ 31
Embodiment 4 ~ 31 is for illustration of the preparation of tantalum base noncrystal alloy provided by the invention.
With reference to the method for embodiment 1, prepare the tantalum base large amorphous alloy of various proportioning, its composition and thermal physical property parameter (heating rate used during measurement is 10K/min) are listed in table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Alloy compositions | Diameter (mm) | T g(K) | T x(K) | ΔT(K) |
| 4 | Ta 42Ni 38Co 20 | 2 | 993 | 1023 | 30 |
| 5 | Ta 42Ni 42Co 16 | 1 | 998 | 1038 | 40 |
| 6 | Ta 42Ni 36Co 22 | 1 | 1005 | 1035 | 30 |
| 7 | Ta 42Ni 34Co 24 | 1 | 1000 | 1032 | 32 |
| 8 | Ta 42Ni 32Co 26 | 1 | 1002 | 1028 | 26 |
| 9 | Ta 44Ni 38Co 18 | 1 | 996 | 1028 | 32 |
| 10 | Ta 46Ni 36Co 18 | 1 | 991 | 1027 | 36 |
| 11 | Ta 48Ni 34Co 18 | 1 | 985 | 1019 | 34 |
| 12 | Ta 50Ni 32Co 18 | 1 | 980 | 1015 | 35 |
| 13 | Ta 42Ni 39Co 18Cu 1 | 1 | 987 | 1007 | 20 |
| 14 | Ta 42Ni 37Co 18Cu 3 | 1 | 980 | 1009 | 29 |
| 15 | Ta 42Ni 36Co 18Cu 4 | 1 | 981 | 1011 | 30 |
| 16 | Ta 42Ni 39Co 18Pd 1 | 1 | 995 | 1015 | 20 |
| 17 | Ta 42Ni 38Co 18Pd 2 | 1 | 994 | 1012 | 18 |
| 18 | Ta 42Ni 37Co 18Pd 3 | 2 | 994 | 1016 | 22 |
| 19 | Ta 42Ni 36Co 18Al 4 | 1 | 975 | 1003 | 28 |
| 20 | Ta 42Ni 35Co 13Si 10 | 1 | 970 | 993 | 23 |
| 21 | Ta 42Ni 37Co 16Nb 5 | 1 | 983 | 1010 | 27 |
| 22 | Ta 44Ni 30Co 16B 10 | 1 | 976 | 1005 | 29 |
| 23 | Ta 46Ni 30Co 20Ti 4 | 1 | 987 | 1020 | 33 |
| 24 | Ta 50Ni 27Co 15Zr 8 | 1 | 970 | 992 | 22 |
| 25 | Ta 42Ni 36Co 18Ag 4 | 1 | 981 | 1015 | 34 |
| 26 | Ta 55Ni 20Co 15Ag 10 | 1 | 974 | 1002 | 28 |
| 27 | Ta 42Ni 35Co 18Au 5 | 1 | 986 | 1009 | 23 |
| 28 | Ta 42Ni 36Co 14Pd 4Ag 4 | 1 | 981 | 1010 | 29 |
| 29 | Ta 46Ni 28Co 16Ti 4Zr 6 | 1 | 973 | 1006 | 33 |
| 30 | Ta 57Ni 25Co 10Pd 8 | 1 | 969 | 994 | 25 |
| 31 | Ta 59Ni 19Co 13Pd 9 | 1 | 972 | 997 | 25 |
Can be found out by the description of above embodiment, tantalum base large amorphous alloy non-crystallization degree provided by the invention is high, size is large, Heat stability is good, excellent in mechanical performance.
Claims (7)
1. a tantalum base large amorphous alloy, is characterized in that, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy has the composition shown in following general formula:
Ta
aNi
bCo
cM
d
Wherein, a+b+c+d=100, and a=42 ~ 60, b=5 ~ 40, c=5 ~ 30, d=0 ~ 20; M be selected from Al, Si, B, Cu, Ti, Zr, Pd, Ag and Au one or more.
2. tantalum base large amorphous alloy according to claim 1, wherein, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy is not less than 1 millimeter in the size of each dimension.
3. tantalum base large amorphous alloy according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy is not less than 2 millimeters in the size of each dimension.
4. tantalum base large amorphous alloy according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, this tantalum base large amorphous alloy comprises the amorphous phase of at least 50 volume %.
5. tantalum base large amorphous alloy according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, M be selected from Al, Si, B, Cu, Ti, Zr, Pd, Ag and Au one or both.
6. the preparation method of tantalum base large amorphous alloy according to any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, this preparation method comprises: by non-crystaline amorphous metal raw material mixed smelting, obtain mother alloy ingot after cooling; Then by this mother alloy ingot remelting and cooling forming.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, wherein, the purity of described Ta, Ni, Co and M element is all not less than 99.5 % by weight.
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