CN102094045A - Process and device for continuously separating ethanol from solid state fermentation materials - Google Patents

Process and device for continuously separating ethanol from solid state fermentation materials Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102094045A
CN102094045A CN2010105512135A CN201010551213A CN102094045A CN 102094045 A CN102094045 A CN 102094045A CN 2010105512135 A CN2010105512135 A CN 2010105512135A CN 201010551213 A CN201010551213 A CN 201010551213A CN 102094045 A CN102094045 A CN 102094045A
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heating plate
fermentation material
solid
state fermentation
continuously
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CN102094045B (en
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李十中
李光明
候文慧
李天成
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy production and subsequent processing, and in particular relates to a process and a device for extracting ethanol from solid state fermentation materials. The process comprises the following steps of: feeding the solid state fermentation materials into the inlet of a continuous ethanol distillation device, uniformly distributing the materials in a rotating grid on the surface of a heating plate on the topmost layer by using a distributor, introducing saturated steam into the heating plate, indirectly heating the fermentation materials by using the heating plate, making the materials fall into a corresponding rotating grid on a heating plate on the next layer, making the materials continuously flow to the outlet of the device, and discharging from a discharging hole; and vaporizing one part of ethanol and water in the fermentation materials to form distillation gas by heating, discharging the distillation gas from an air exhaust opening above, condensing one part of distillation gas and mixing in the fermentation materials at a feeding hole to form back flow, and introducing the other part of distillation gas into a rectifying column for rectifying. By the process and the device, continuous production on an industrial scale can be realized, the distillation rate of the ethanol reaches 99.6 percent, ethanol distillation time is shortened, the stability of ethanol steam concentration is kept, labor intensity is greatly reduced, and production efficiency is improved.

Description

The technology of continuously separating ethanol and device in a kind of solid-state fermentation material
Technical field
The invention belongs to the successive drying technical field of manufacturing field, solid substances fermentation technical field and the solid substances of biomass energy, be specifically related to alcoholic acid extraction process and device in a kind of solid-state fermentation material.
Background technology
Alcohol fuel is a kind of of biomass fuel, is to substitute the renewable new forms of energy of oil-fired green now, and is very approaching because of its combustioncharacteristics and gasoline, alcohol fuel sneaked into gasoline in certain proportion just formed ethanol petrol.Global alcohol fuel output was 5,859 ten thousand tons in 2009, substituted gasoline 5.4%, reduced discharging 8,760 ten thousand tons of CO 2Therefore, alcohol fuel has wide development space.
Solid state fermentation is one of main method of producing alcohol fuel, be that operations such as sorgo stalk (also comprising sugarcane, beet, jerusalem artichoke etc.) pulverizing, fermentation and steaming alcohol are finished, be subjected to people's favor owing to the intensity that can reduce raw materials pretreatment, the step of saving wastewater treatment and whole production system environmental protection.But because traditional method adopts the making method of liquor, the operation of the steaming wine of separating alcohol can only intermittently be carried out from solid-state fermentation material, so the steaming alcohol time is long, pure gas purity instability, and labour intensity is big, production efficiency is low, and the production cost height can't be realized commercial scale production.
In the research of steaming alcohol operation serialization, patent of invention CN101085995A will ferment that material is sent on the rotating-disk of continuous operation and directly contact with from bottom to top steam, realize steaming pure operate continuously; Patent of invention CN101333544A adopts steam that direct heating in the tunnel is expected in fermentation, and broken line movement continuously on the transmission net of fermentation material different levels in the tunnel has realized steaming the serialization that alcohol is operated; Patent of invention CN101724661A will ferment and expect to place different column plates and stop the different time, by the steam direct heat transfer, having realized ferments expects from the last layer column plate to one deck column plate continuous flow (but not the continuous flow on the differential rank, i.e. interior material transfixion of fermenting of certain short but non-vanishing time) on the whole down.Though these have realized serialization, because steam and direct contact of fermenting and expecting, the water of condensation in the material has diluted concentration of ethanol in the material, and by vapor liquid equilibrium as can be known, concentration of ethanol will reduce in the gas phase; And uncooled steam enters gas phase and also will dilute concentration of ethanol in the gas phase, and the two all will cause the reduction of alcohol concn in the gas phase, for improving the efficient of steaming alcohol and energy-saving and cost-reducing unfavorable.
Fermentation material after the crushed stalk such as sugarcane, sweet sorghum is because frictional force is bigger mutually, motion is got up easy tearing conglomeration and is difficult to realize continuous flow, add the polytropy of its motion and the characteristics such as difficult detection of kinematic parameter, cause solid-state fermentation material to realize that the technology of steaming alcohol continuously becomes a world-class difficult problem.Therefore, realize that solid-state fermentation material steams the serialization of pure technology, improve concentration of ethanol and stability in the gas phase, enhance productivity, reduce production costs and energy consumption has become and realizes that the stalk solid state fermentation steams the task of top priority of alcohol operation continuously.
Summary of the invention
Steam pure technology serialization production difficulty for solving solid-state fermentation material, and a serialization and the energy-saving and cost-reducing difficult problem that can not get both of the realization of enhancing productivity, the present invention is directed to the characteristic of Flow of Goods and Materials, and in conjunction with the characteristics of distil process operation, with reference to drying principles and equipment thereof, proposed to separate continuously in a kind of solid-state fermentation material the technology and the device of alcohol fuel.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
The technology of separating alcohol fuel in the described solid-state fermentation material continuously may further comprise the steps:
(a) solid-state fermentation material is sent into the pure device portal of continuous steaming through helical screw feeder, material is evenly distributed on behind distributor in the lip-deep rotation grid of the superiors' heating plate, feed the saturated vapor of 0.1-1MPa in the heating plate, the fermentation material falls into down in the rotation grid corresponding on one deck heating plate from its feed opening after the heating plate indirect heating, Continuous Flow is discharged from discharge port at last to the device outlet according to this;
(b) the second alcohol and water in the fermentation material forms distillation gas through the vaporization of heating rear section, distillation gas is discharged through the venting port of top, the fermentation material that a part is sneaked into after condensation in the opening for feed in the distillation gas of discharging forms backflow, and another part then directly feeds rectifying tower and carries out rectifying.
Saturated vapor in the described step (a) substitutes with high temperature heat conductive oil steam or other hot gass.
Distillation gas condensation portion in the described step (b) and directly to remove the ratio of rectifying part be 0~0.5.
The pure device temperature inside of described continuous steaming remain on 100 ℃ and more than.
The device that separates alcohol fuel in the solid-state fermentation material provided by the invention continuously comprises shell, the spiral material reader that is connected with the shell inlet, the blanking bin that is connected with housing outlet and spiral material output machine, the drive-motor that is positioned at the rotating shaft on the shell central shaft and is connected with rotating shaft.The cloth screen is set on the below of described spiral material reader, the outer casing inner wall is connected in series a plurality of heating plates in described rotating shaft, the ducted body that this heating plate is made up of two disks and sidewall is provided with steam folding baffle plate in the cavity, and feeds water vapor in the cavity; The import and export of offering steam in the sidewall symmetry of heating plate, and several are set for fermentation material mobile fan-shaped pylone on heating plate; The rotation grid is set respectively on each heating plate; The vapour outlet of heating plate links to each other with the outflow steam manifold by square pipe respectively, and at the end that flows out steam manifold gas-liquid separator is set, and steam is separated with phlegma; The top of shell is provided with vapour outlet, and condenser is set, and the reflux pipeline that connects condenser and spiral material reader.
Keep sealing in the described heating plate, steam only can flow into from the import and export of heating plate or flow out; The opening for feed and the discharge port of described shell are equipped with tightness system, and the long-pending sealing of fermentation stockpile is adopted in the sealing of opening for feed, and discharge port adopts slide valve or flap valve or multilayer flap valve to seal, and entire equipment keeps sealing.
Fan-shaped pylone on the described heating plate rotates the position of going up a fan-shaped pylone size of the changing of the relative positions in the other direction to rotating grid in vertical direction successively.
Use thermal insulation material, adopt on the outer wall of described shell to feed steam in the chuck or heat tape is incubated, make temperature remain on 100 ℃ and more than.
The feeding-distribution device that described cloth screen is made up of the several piece turbogrid plates, the fermentation material of being imported by spiral material reader can be distributed on after the distributor sub-material in the lip-deep rotation grid of heating plate.
Described rotation grid is by two round tube type screens, is formed by connecting with several straight screens therebetween, and the center fixation of rotating grid is rotated grid and rotated with rotating shaft in the rotating shaft at all heating plate centers.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. the unique design of heating plate and cooperates with the appropriate technology of rotating grid and can realize that solid substances is mobile smoothly continuously, make solid-state fermentation material steam pure technology and really realized serialization, thereby improved production efficiency, reduce labour intensity, reached purpose energy-saving and cost-reducing and that reduce production costs.
2. the realization of steaming pure technology continuously makes that steaming the alcohol time foreshortens to half an hour under bigger throughput, improved production efficiency greatly.
3. the technology and the device that separate alcohol fuel in the solid-state fermentation material continuously can be adjusted in certain scope with throughput by the velocity of rotation of grid, have realized the controllable property operation of producing.
4. can improve concentration of ethanol in the gas phase by regulating reflux ratio, and continuous operation makes that concentration of ethanol is stable in the gas phase, for further rectifying provides convenience, for constant product quality provides guarantee.
5. distillation gas directly enters distillation tower and carries out rectifying, has saved the step that first condensation enters rectifying tower again, has saved the energy, has improved rectification efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an apparatus structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Number in the figure:
The 1-drive-motor; The 2-condensate outlet; The 3-gas-liquid separator; The 4-vapour outlet; 5-flows out steam manifold; 6-steam traverse baffle; The 7-rotating shaft; 8-cloth screen; 9-fermentation material inlet; 10-spiral material reader; The 11-condenser; The 12-crust of the device; 13-rotates grid; The 14-heating plate; 15-heating plate feed opening; The 16-steam-in; The 17-blanking bin; 18-spiral material output machine; The double-deck flap valve of 19-; The 20-discharge port.
Embodiment
The invention provides the technology and the device that separate alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material continuously, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, this device mainly comprises shell 12, the spiral material reader 10 that is connected with shell 12 inlets, the blanking bin 17 that is connected with shell 12 outlets and spiral material output machine 18, the drive-motor 1 that is positioned at the rotating shaft 7 on shell 12 central shafts and is connected with rotating shaft 7.Below the spiral material reader 10, on shell 12 inwalls cloth screen 8 is set, the feeding-distribution device that this cloth screen 8 is made up of the several piece turbogrid plates, the fermentation material of being imported by spiral material reader 10 can be distributed on after the distributor sub-material in the lip-deep rotation grid of heating plate.The a plurality of heating plates 14 of serial connection in described rotating shaft 7, the ducted body that this heating plate 14 is made up of two disks and sidewall is provided with steam folding baffle plate 6 in the cavity, and feeds water vapor in the cavity.The import and export of offering steam in the sidewall symmetry of heating plate 14, and several are set for fermentation material mobile fan-shaped pylone on heating plate 14.Keep sealing in the heating plate 14, steam only can flow into from the import and export of heating plate or flow out.On each heating plate 14, be provided with respectively and rotate grid 13, this rotation grid 13 is by two round tube type screens, be formed by connecting with several straight screens therebetween, the center fixation of rotating grid is rotated grid and is rotated with rotating shaft in the rotating shaft 7 at all heating plate centers.Fan-shaped pylone on the heating plate 14 rotates the position of going up a fan-shaped pylone size of the changing of the relative positions in the other direction to rotating grid 13 in vertical direction successively.The vapour outlet of heating plate 14 links to each other with outflow steam manifold 5 by square pipe respectively, and at the end that flows out steam manifold 5 gas-liquid separator 3 is set, and steam is separated with phlegma; The top of shell 12 is provided with vapour outlet, and condenser 11 is set, and the reflux pipeline that connects condenser 11 and spiral material reader 10.
The opening for feed and the discharge port of shell 12 are equipped with tightness system, and the long-pending sealing of fermentation stockpile is adopted in the sealing of opening for feed, and discharge port adopts multilayer flap valve 19 to seal, and entire equipment keeps sealing.Use thermal insulation material, adopt in the chuck logical steam or heat tape to be incubated on the outer wall of shell 12, make temperature remain on 100 ℃ and more than.
The technology of separating alcohol fuel in the solid-state fermentation material continuously is:
(a) with the cloth screen 8 of stalk class solid-state fermentation material through helical screw feeder 10 feeder tops, material is distributed in the rotation grid 13 on the device top the first layer heating plate 14 and with one and plays motion, fall to when moving to heating plate feed opening 15 in the rotation grid on the second layer heating plate, and the like until the blanking bin 17 of bottom of device, then, material is through spiral output machine 18 and 19 outputs of double-deck flap valve, and the poor slag of discharge carries out dry afterfire or handles as feed.
(b) meanwhile, saturated vapor is inner and be distributed to the internal space of each layer heating plate by steam-in 16 accesss to plant, water of condensation after the condensation heat release and uncooled steam enter gas-liquid separator 13 through flowing out after steam manifold 5 compiles, uncooled steam carries out UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, and water of condensation compiles back and the boiler hydraulic pipe input boiler that is incorporated into the power networks.Heat by steam when material transmits, the second alcohol and water forms distillation gas after being heated and vaporizing, distillation gas input condenser 11 carries out partial condensation, and the solid fermentation material that phlegma is sneaked in the spiral material reader 10 forms backflow, and uncooled distillation gas directly enters rectifying tower and carries out rectifying.
Embodiment 1
Vapour line in device feeds the water vapor of 0.4MPa, after stable, with the speed input unit of sweet sorghum stalk solid-state fermentation material with 5t/h, ethanol content is 3% (volume fraction) in the fermentation material, adjusting the rotating shaft rotating speed makes fermentation expect that the residence time in device is 15min, the piling height of fermentation material on heating plate maintains 50~100mm, and reflux ratio is adjusted to 0.1.After treating system stability, the poor slag of getting after the distillation carries out the ethanol content analysis, and the result shows that the alcoholic acid rate of recovery is 99.3%.
Embodiment 2
Vapour line in device feeds the water vapor of 0.4MPa, after stable, with the speed input unit of sweet sorghum stalk solid-state fermentation material with 3t/h, ethanol content is 5% (volume fraction) in the fermentation material, adjusting the rotating shaft rotating speed makes fermentation expect that the residence time in device is 25min, the piling height of fermentation material on heating plate maintains 50~100mm, and reflux ratio is adjusted to 0.3.After treating system stability, the poor slag of getting after the distillation carries out the ethanol content analysis, and the result shows that the alcoholic acid rate of recovery is 99.6%.
Embodiment 3
Vapour line in device feeds the water vapor of 0.4MPa, after stable, with the speed input unit of sweet sorghum stalk solid-state fermentation material with 2t/h, ethanol content is 7% (volume fraction) in the fermentation material, adjusting the rotating shaft rotating speed makes fermentation expect that the residence time in device is 35min, the piling height of fermentation material on heating plate maintains 50~100mm, and reflux ratio is adjusted to 0.5.After treating system stability, the poor slag of getting after the distillation carries out the ethanol content analysis, and the result shows that the alcoholic acid rate of recovery is 99.1%.

Claims (10)

1. the technology of continuously separating ethanol in the solid-state fermentation material is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(a) solid-state fermentation material is sent into the pure device portal of continuous steaming through helical screw feeder, material is evenly distributed on behind distributor in the lip-deep rotation grid of the superiors' heating plate, feed the saturated vapor of 0.1-1MPa in the heating plate, the fermentation material is fallen into down in the rotation grid corresponding on one deck heating plate by its feed opening after the heating plate indirect heating, Continuous Flow is discharged from discharge port at last to the device outlet according to this;
(b) the second alcohol and water in the fermentation material forms distillation gas through the vaporization of heating rear section, distillation gas is discharged through the venting port of top, a distillation gas part of discharging is sneaked into the opening for feed place after condensation fermentation material forms backflow, and another part then directly feeds rectifying tower and carries out rectifying.
2. separate the technology of alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 1 continuously, it is characterized in that the saturated vapor in the described step (a) replaces with high temperature heat conductive oil.
3. separate continuously the technology of alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the distillation gas condensation portion in the described step (b) and directly to remove rectifying ratio partly be 0~0.5.
4. separate continuously the technology of alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pure device temperature inside of described continuous steaming remain on 100 ℃ and more than.
5. the device that separates alcohol fuel in the solid-state fermentation material continuously, comprise shell (12), the spiral material reader (10) that is connected with shell (12) inlet, the blanking bin (17) that is connected with shell (12) outlet and spiral material output machine (18), the drive-motor (1) that is positioned at the rotating shaft (7) on shell (12) central shaft and is connected with rotating shaft (7), it is characterized in that, on the below of described spiral material reader (10), shell (12) inwall cloth screen (8) is set; Go up serial connection a plurality of heating plates (14) in described rotating shaft (7), the ducted body that this heating plate (14) is made up of two disks and sidewall is provided with steam folding baffle plate (6) in the cavity, and feeds water vapor in the cavity; The import and export of offering steam in the sidewall symmetry of heating plate (14), and several are set for fermentation material mobile fan-shaped pylone on heating plate (14); On each heating plate (14), be provided with respectively and rotate grid (13); The vapour outlet of heating plate (14) links to each other with outflow steam manifold (5) by square pipe respectively, and at the end that flows out steam manifold (5) gas-liquid separator (3) is set, and steam is separated with phlegma; The top of shell (12) is provided with vapour outlet, and condenser (11) is set, and the reflux pipeline that connects condenser (11) and spiral material reader (10).
6. separate the device of alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 5 continuously, it is characterized in that, keep sealing in the described heating plate (14), steam only can flow into from the import and export of heating plate or flow out; The opening for feed and the discharge port of described shell (12) are equipped with tightness system, and the long-pending sealing of fermentation stockpile is adopted in the sealing of opening for feed, and discharge port adopts slide valve or flap valve or multilayer flap valve to seal, and entire equipment keeps sealing.
7. the device that separates alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 5 continuously, it is characterized in that the fan-shaped pylone on the described heating plate (14) rotates the position of going up a fan-shaped pylone size of the changing of the relative positions in the other direction to rotating grid (13) in vertical direction successively.
8. the device that separates alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 5 continuously, it is characterized in that, use thermal insulation material, adopt jacket structured on the outer wall of described shell (12) or heat tape is incubated, make temperature remain on 100 ℃ and more than.
9. the device that separates alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 5 continuously, it is characterized in that, the feeding-distribution device that described cloth screen (8) is made up of the several piece turbogrid plates, the fermentation material of being imported by spiral material reader (10) can be distributed on after the distributor sub-material in the lip-deep rotation grid of heating plate.
10. the device that separates alcohol fuel in a kind of solid-state fermentation material according to claim 5 continuously, it is characterized in that, described rotation grid (13) is by two round tube type screens, be formed by connecting by several straight screens therebetween, the center fixation of rotating grid is rotated grid and is rotated with rotating shaft in the rotating shaft (7) at all heating plate centers.
CN2010105512135A 2010-11-18 2010-11-18 Process and device for continuously separating ethanol from solid state fermentation materials Expired - Fee Related CN102094045B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103266138A (en) * 2013-04-11 2013-08-28 清华大学 Alcohol production method by taking sugariness raw material as fermentation substrate
CN103509713A (en) * 2013-08-07 2014-01-15 清华大学 Continuous solid separating device and technology for preparing fuel ethanol
CN103509712A (en) * 2013-08-07 2014-01-15 清华大学 Continuous solid fermentation ethanol production device having self-control system and technology thereof
CN103627621A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-03-12 秦宪义 Solid-state vertical fertilization, self-circulation cooling and distillation integrated device and method

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103266138A (en) * 2013-04-11 2013-08-28 清华大学 Alcohol production method by taking sugariness raw material as fermentation substrate
CN103509713A (en) * 2013-08-07 2014-01-15 清华大学 Continuous solid separating device and technology for preparing fuel ethanol
CN103509712A (en) * 2013-08-07 2014-01-15 清华大学 Continuous solid fermentation ethanol production device having self-control system and technology thereof
WO2015018196A1 (en) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 清华大学 Continuous solid separation device and process for preparing fuel ethanol
CN103509712B (en) * 2013-08-07 2015-11-18 清华大学 A kind of device and technique possessing the continuous solid-state fermentation ethanol production of robot control system(RCS)
US10239806B2 (en) 2013-08-07 2019-03-26 Tsinghua University Continuous solid-state separation device and process for producing fuel ethanol
CN103627621A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-03-12 秦宪义 Solid-state vertical fertilization, self-circulation cooling and distillation integrated device and method
CN103627621B (en) * 2013-12-23 2016-01-20 齐鲁工业大学 Solid-state vertical type fermentation, self-circulation cooling, distillation integrated apparatus and method

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