CN102090445B - White mushroom storage and transportation fresh-keeping process - Google Patents
White mushroom storage and transportation fresh-keeping process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102090445B CN102090445B CN 200910250565 CN200910250565A CN102090445B CN 102090445 B CN102090445 B CN 102090445B CN 200910250565 CN200910250565 CN 200910250565 CN 200910250565 A CN200910250565 A CN 200910250565A CN 102090445 B CN102090445 B CN 102090445B
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- agaricus bisporus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a white mushroom storage and transportation fresh-keeping process. White mushrooms are fully packaged by airtight containers in a storage and transportation period, solid fumigating preservatives are added into the containers, the whole storage and transportation process is finished under the condition of -4 to 4 DEG C, and the mushrooms are cleaned by liquid preservatives before being transported or sold, wherein the solid fumigating preservatives are stable chlorine dioxide tablets; and the liquid preservative may be one of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide or chlorine dioxide. The process provided by the invention is simple and easy to operate, and ensures low production cost, high practicability and batch storage and transportation, and can prolong an actual storage and transportation fresh-keeping period in the production of the white mushrooms to more than 10 days, and solve the problems of storage and transportation fresh-keeping bottlenecks in the development of the white mushroom industry. The matched preservatives are safe, non-toxic and environmentally-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fresh-keeping manufacture field of vegetables and fruits, particularly, relate to a kind of storage fresh-keeping technique of agaricus bisporus.
Background technology
Agaricus bisporus is nutritious, and delicious flavour has become in the world many countries and regions people's indispensable food.Annual consumption figure is all more than 3,000,000 tons, and a year consumption figure also is obvious ascendant trend.China is production and the big export country of world's agaricus bisporus, approximately 400,000 tons of annual productions, and most of being used for exports.
Bright agaricus bisporus moisture content after the harvesting is high, and quality is tender and crisp, and physiological metabolism is vigorous, and respiratory intensity is high; nutriment consumption is fast, and structure is not significantly protected on its top layer, and moisture easily evaporates at normal temperatures; adopt rear 1-2d moisture and lose in a large number, the lamella brown stain, it is bad that local flavor becomes, and loses commodity value.Therefore, storage fresh-keeping has become one of bottleneck problem of agaricus bisporus industry development.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the defects in the storage fresh-keeping of agaricus bisporus, propose that a kind of operation is simple, production cost is low, and is practical, the storage fresh-keeping technique of the agaricus bisporus that can store and transport in batches.
The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of storage fresh-keeping technique of agaricus bisporus, use sealed air-tight trunkful packing in the storage period of agaricus bisporus, add stifling property solid preservative in case, whole transporting procedures all carries out under-4 ℃～4 ℃ condition, cleans the mushroom body with the liquid antistaling agent before transportation or before the listing.
Further, described stifling property solid preservative is the megacephala infestation during processing tablet, and described liquid antistaling agent is any one in following three kinds of medicaments: clorox, hydrogen peroxide or chlorine dioxide.
Further, specifically comprise the steps:
(1) gathers: gather, select the high-quality agaricus bisporus, remove mushroom handle and removal of impurities;
(2) precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 4～6h in-2 ℃～2 ℃ freezers;
(3) vanning: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the case, fill;
(4) add stifling property solid preservative: add the megacephala infestation during processing tablet, use amount is 20～50mg/kg.
(5) sealing: fully sheathed case mouth;
(6) refrigeration: casing is put-4 ℃～0 ℃ Storage in cold bank;
(7) liquidpreservatives cleans: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the liquid antistaling agent before transportation or before the listing, in the following three kinds of medicaments of optional usefulness any one: 10～100ml/L clorox, its effective chlorine 〉=10%, 100～1000mg/L hydrogen peroxide or 50～200mg/L chlorine dioxide.
(8) transportation or listing: the agaricus bisporus that will clean decontamination is packed into and is transported in the case or go on the market.
Further, described high-quality agaricus bisporus is: the mushroom body colour in vain, not parachute-opening, the mushroom that hinders without disease and pest and machinery.
Further, described transportation requires to adopt air transportation or 0 ℃～4 ℃ Automobile Transportations as being long-distance transportation
The present invention mainly is brown stain, growth and the parachute-opening that suppresses agaricus bisporus in storage period with low water-holding capacity, hypoxia-hypercapania gaseous environment and low temperature, before the long-distance transport or before sales with safe and efficient liquid antistaling agent cleaning mushroom surface dirt.Specifically can utilize stifling property antistaling agent to keep the low water-holding capacity of mushroom body; Pack with the sealed air-tight trunkful and to force most of air leave, and utilize self respiration to form the controlled atmosphere subenvironment of hypoxia-hypercapania; With mushroom body thermophilic in the environment temperature control seal box that is lower than about 2 ℃ of storage temperatures.
The advantage of the storage fresh-keeping technique of a kind of agaricus bisporus of the present invention is as follows:
(1) this technology is utilizing low temperature to suppress on the basis of agaricus bisporus physiologically active, to the strict characteristic of moisture requirement, adopts growth, parachute-opening and brown stain that rear water content suppress agaricus bisporus by controlling it for the agaricus bisporus growth; Be mainly the characteristic of enzymatic browning for double-spore mushroom browning, force most of air leave by sealed air-tight trunkful packing, and the controlled atmosphere subenvironment of utilizing himself respiration to form hypoxia-hypercapania suppresses the brown stain of agaricus bisporus.
(2) used antistaling agent is the food grade food additives in this technology, safe and efficient, the actual storing phase of production of bright agaricus bisporus is extended to more than the 10d, can effectively alleviate agaricus bisporus and concentrate the pressure of listing, and widen its market space, can solve the storage fresh-keeping bottleneck problem in the agaricus bisporus industry development.
(3) this technology operation is simple, and production cost is low, and is practical, can store and transport in batches, has wide practical use.
The specific embodiment
Employed term among the present invention unless other explanation is arranged, generally has the implication that those of ordinary skills understand usually.
Embodiment 1:
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 4h in-2 ℃ of freezers.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, fill case, the amount of press 20mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, puts-preserves in the Cool Room 4℃.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with 10ml/L liquor natrii hypochloritis (effective chlorine 〉=10%) before transportation.
5. transportation and listing: utilize automobile long-distance transport and listing under 0 ℃ of condition.
Embodiment 2
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 5h in 0 ℃ of freezer.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 25mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, puts in-2 ℃ of freezers and preserves.
4. transportation: adopt aviation to transport.
5. cleaning decontamination: before listing, agaricus bisporus is cleaned decontamination with 50ml/L liquor natrii hypochloritis (effective chlorine 〉=10%).
Embodiment 3
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 6h in 2 ℃ of freezers.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 30mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, sets to 0 in ℃ freezer and preserves.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with 100ml/L liquor natrii hypochloritis (effective chlorine 〉=10%) before transportation or before the listing.
Embodiment 4
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 4h in-2 ℃ of freezers.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 35mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, puts-preserves in the Cool Room 4℃.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the 100mg/L hydrogenperoxide steam generator.
5. transportation and listing: utilize automobile long-distance transport and listing under 4 ℃ of conditions.
Embodiment 5
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 5h in 0 ℃ of freezer.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 40mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, puts in-2 ℃ of freezers and preserves.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the 500mg/L hydrogenperoxide steam generator before transportation or before the listing.
Embodiment 6
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 6h in 2 ℃ of freezers.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 45mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, sets to 0 in ℃ freezer and preserves.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the 1000mg/L hydrogenperoxide steam generator before transportation or before the listing.
Embodiment 7
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 4h in-2 ℃ of freezers.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 20mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, puts-preserves in the Cool Room 4℃.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the 50mg/L ClO 2 solution before transportation or before the listing.
Embodiment 8
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 5h in 0 ℃ of freezer.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 30mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, puts in-2 ℃ of freezers and preserves.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the 100mg/L ClO 2 solution before transportation or before the listing.
Embodiment 9
1. ingredient requirement: the agaricus bisporus of the bacteria cover diameter 35～45mm that gathers, excision mushroom handle is removed impurity, choose fresh look in vain, not parachute-opening, the agaricus bisporus of hindering without disease and pest and machinery be raw material.
2.. precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 6h in 2 ℃ of freezers.
3. storage: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the bubble chamber, and the amount of press 50mg/kg adds joint sealing mouth after the chlorine dioxide solid antistaling agent, sets to 0 in ℃ freezer and preserves.
4. cleaning decontamination: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the 200mg/L ClO 2 solution before transportation or before the listing.
It should be noted that at last: the above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the storage fresh-keeping technique of an agaricus bisporus is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:
(1), gathers: gather, select the high-quality agaricus bisporus, remove mushroom handle and removal of impurities;
(2), precooling: selected agaricus bisporus is placed precooling 4～6h in-2 ℃～2 ℃ freezers;
(3), vanning: the agaricus bisporus after the precooling is packed in the case, fill;
(4), add stifling property solid preservative: add the megacephala infestation during processing tablet, use amount is 20～50mg/kg;
(5), sealing: fully sheathed case mouth;
(6), refrigeration: casing is put-4 ℃～0 ℃ Storage in cold bank;
(7), liquidpreservatives cleans: the agaricus bisporus after the storage cleans decontamination with the liquid antistaling agent before transportation or before the listing, in the following three kinds of medicaments of optional usefulness any one: 10～100ml/L clorox, its effective chlorine 〉=10%, 100～1000mg/L hydrogen peroxide or 50～200mg/L chlorine dioxide;
(8), transportation or listing: the agaricus bisporus that will clean decontamination is packed into and is transported in the case or go on the market.
2. the storage fresh-keeping technique of a kind of agaricus bisporus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described high-quality agaricus bisporus is: the mushroom body colour in vain, not parachute-opening, the mushroom that hinders without disease and pest and machinery.
3. the storage fresh-keeping technique of a kind of agaricus bisporus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described transportation is long-distance transportation, requires to adopt air transportation or 0 ℃～4 ℃ Automobile Transportations.
4. the storage fresh-keeping technique of a kind of agaricus bisporus according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described transportation is long-distance transportation, requires to adopt air transportation or 0 ℃～4 ℃ Automobile Transportations.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910250565 CN102090445B (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | White mushroom storage and transportation fresh-keeping process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200910250565 CN102090445B (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | White mushroom storage and transportation fresh-keeping process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102090445A CN102090445A (en) | 2011-06-15 |
| CN102090445B true CN102090445B (en) | 2013-01-09 |
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| CN 200910250565 Expired - Fee Related CN102090445B (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | White mushroom storage and transportation fresh-keeping process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103250780A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-08-21 | 山东理工大学 | Ethanol fumigation treatment freshness retaining method for preventing agaricus bisporus from browning |
| CN103315049B (en) * | 2013-06-15 | 2016-09-07 | 徐州天马敬安食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method exporting fresh-keeping broccoli |
| CN113142298A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-23 | 华南农业大学 | Method for delaying lignification of pleurotus eryngii and application |
| CN115843866A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-28 | 福建农林大学 | Processing method for delaying browning and opening of fresh agaricus bisporus sporocarp |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1843132A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2006-10-11 | 福建省厨师食品集团有限公司 | Mushroom antistaling agent and processing method |
| CN101011178A (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2007-08-08 | 山东理工大学 | Gas-conditioning fresh-keeping method for double spore mushroom |
| CN101530126A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2009-09-16 | 天津科技大学 | Compound preservative solution for double-spore mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) and fresh-keeping and processing method |
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2009
- 2009-12-15 CN CN 200910250565 patent/CN102090445B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1843132A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2006-10-11 | 福建省厨师食品集团有限公司 | Mushroom antistaling agent and processing method |
| CN101011178A (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2007-08-08 | 山东理工大学 | Gas-conditioning fresh-keeping method for double spore mushroom |
| CN101530126A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2009-09-16 | 天津科技大学 | Compound preservative solution for double-spore mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) and fresh-keeping and processing method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张珊珊.二氧化氯对西兰花等五种果蔬贮藏生理及保鲜效果的研究.《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库农业科技辑》.2008,(第9期), * |
| 郭倩等.利用稳定态二氧化氯进行双孢蘑菇保鲜研究.《食用菌》.1999,(第6期), * |
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