CN102086378A - Drilling fluid helping to protect oil-gas bed - Google Patents
Drilling fluid helping to protect oil-gas bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102086378A CN102086378A CN2009102165915A CN200910216591A CN102086378A CN 102086378 A CN102086378 A CN 102086378A CN 2009102165915 A CN2009102165915 A CN 2009102165915A CN 200910216591 A CN200910216591 A CN 200910216591A CN 102086378 A CN102086378 A CN 102086378A
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Abstract
The invention relates to drilling fluid helping to protect an oil-gas bed, which comprises base slurry, wherein calcium carbonate is added in the paste slurry. Based on mass percentage, the content of the calcium carbonate is controlled to be between 1 and 4 percent. The base slurry consists of 4 percent of calcium carbonate, 0.3 percent of poly anioniccellulose, 8 percent of sulfonated methypheuo formald-ehyde and 3 percent of walchowite. The drilling fluid obtained by the invention helps to improve the bearing capacity of strata and stabilize well wall and helps to protect the oil-gas bed according to a shielding temporary plugging principle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drilling fluid that helps protecting hydrocarbon zone.
Background technology
High temperature is very complicated to the influence of water-base drilling fluid.It is generally acknowledged that this is that high temperature causes the variation of components of drilling liquid and influences chemistry between each component and the result of physics chemical action.Wherein high temperature is its basis to the effect of drilling fluid medium clay soil.The pyrogenetic decomposition of drilling fluid medium clay soil particle: the clay particle in the drilling fluid is under high temperature action, and the dispersive phenomenon is called the high temperature dissemination of clay particle automatically.Practice finds that water base bentonite suspension wilkinite particle dispersity behind high temperature increases, and specific surface increases, and particle concentration increases, and it is big that apparent viscosity and shear force (quiet, yield value) also become thereupon.Experiment simultaneously finds that also the high temperature dispersive ability of clay particle and its aquation dispersive ability adapt, i.e. sodium bentonite＞calcium bentonite＞kaolin＞sepiolite.And the suspensoid of any clay in oil all do not seen the high temperature dispersion phenomenon.Therefore, can think that the high temperature in the drilling fluid disperses to remain in essence aquation and disperses, high temperature has only intensified this effect.(1) high temperature promotes clay water dispersive reason high temperature to aggravate the thermal motion of various particles in the drilling fluid, can cause following result: 1. high temperature has increased water molecules and has infiltrated the not ability on dispersive clay particle subcrystal layer surface, thereby promotes originally not by the crystal layer surface hydration and the expansion of aquation.2. along with water molecules infiltrates crystal layer internal surface, then CO
2 3-, OH
-, Na
+Enter in the ion that helps the surface of clay aquation thereupon, strengthen, promoted further aquation to disperse originally by the hydratability on aquation surface.Therefore, along with the high temperature dispersive takes place, CO in the drilling fluid
2 3-, OH
-Content and drilling fluid pH value all descend.3. high temperature does not influence the lattice replacement of clay, but promoted that the higher dissociation that promotes of (PH) value of dissociating of Al is bigger in the octahedron), make the electronegative increase of clay, compensated Yin Gaowen simultaneously and the negatively charged ion of desorb, divided diffusing thereby the increase of promotion clay particle zeta-potential helps infiltration water.4. high temperature makes sheet particulate thermal motion aggravation in the clay mineral lattice, thereby has strengthened the ability separated from one another of the platy particle behind the hydration swelling.(2) influence high temperature dispersive factor because high temperature dispersive essence is the aquation dispersion, so all clay water dispersive factors that helps all help the high temperature dispersion, vice versa.1. clay types is a high-temperature water dispersive determinative.According to its hydratability, the strong kaolinite (bad soil) of sodium bentonite high temperature dispersive ability then a little less than; 2. the temperature that is stood is higher, and action time is longer, and clay high temperature disperses stronger, but certain limit is arranged; 3. the chemical environment of medium is dispersion person, and is then favourable to the high temperature dispersion, otherwise then unfavorable.Inorganic high price positive ion such as Ca
2+, Al
3+, Fe
3+, Cr
3+Deng existence, owing to strong compression double electric layer is unfavorable for the clay aquation, be unfavorable for that also clay high temperature disperses, promptly inorganic high price positive ion is dispersed with certain restraining effect to the high temperature of clay, its effect size is relevant with the positive ion valence mumber relevant with concentration.Because it is clay person's character and the performance at high temperature of media environment feature that high temperature disperses, and does not have direct relation so in any clay this effect can both take place with drilling fluid medium clay soil and content.High temperature disperses still irreversible permanent change.(3) the high temperature dissemination disperses to make drilling fluid medium clay soil particle concentration to increase to the high temperature that influences of property of drilling fluid, and is therefore, all influential to performance under the drilling fluids at high temperature and thermostability.And to the having the greatest impact of rheological, and its influence all is irreversible.If 1. the influence clay particle to rheological under the high temperature is temperature inert solids, then the viscosity with temperature of its suspensoid (being called desirable suspensoid) raises and descends by normal rule.But, then make the apparent viscosity of drilling fluid and quiet, yield value value all be higher than " normal viscosity " under the corresponding temperature because the high temperature dissemination of clay increases drilling fluid medium clay soil particle concentration (referring to particulate quantity).If these factors cause the numerical value of desirable suspensoid viscosity degradation to viscosity influence increment greater than intensification, then may cause viscosity under the drilling fluids at high temperature to be higher than the phenomenon of low temperature viscosity.Because the high temperature dissemination of clay particle is irreversible, so the temperature lowering curve in the relation of the viscosity of drilling fluid and temperature (relation curve of back cooling in thermometric degree-viscosity promptly heats up) is always than heating curve height.Then what are determined its discrepancy in elevation degree by the content of the power of drilling fluid medium clay soil particle high temperature dissemination and clay.If the high temperature dissemination is strong, the clay content height, then the discrepancy in elevation is big, otherwise then little.The reason more complicated of drilling fluids at high temperature thickening if get rid of the high-temperature denatured caused thickening of extraneous components such as treatment agent, is then studied the factor of clay, and its major cause is the concentration that clay high temperature disperses to have increased drilling fluid medium clay soil particle.Therefore, disperse the serious thickening of drilling fluid cause by high temperature, with thinner effective viscosity reduction as NaT, FClS, NaC, SMT, SMC etc., make the drilling fluid thickening sometimes even on the contrary, have Macrodilution only or utilize inorganic flocculating agent to reduce the clay dispersion degree and just can solve.
Obviously, every clay high temperature dispersive factor that influences must can influence the drilling fluids at high temperature thickening equally, but high temperature disperses that the actual effect of drilling fluid thickening is but had much relations with the content of drilling fluid medium clay soil, when other conditions are identical, the drilling fluid medium clay soil the more then behind the high temperature absolute value increase of drilling fluid clay particle concentration the more the similar exponential relationship of drilling fluid viscosity is sharply risen.When the content of clay arrived a certain numerical value greatly, then lost flowability formed gel and has promptly produced high temperature (back) gelling after the drilling fluids at high temperature effect.Therefore, high temperature gelling that we can say drilling fluid be the drilling fluids at high temperature thickening at drilling fluid medium clay soil content greatly to the later limiting form of a certain numerical value.2. to thermostability influence Van Gogh temperature agglomerative drilling fluid, must lose its thermostability, performance is destroyed.In use often show as drilling fluid well head unstable properties, sticking, shear force rises very fast, handles frequently, and the treatment agent consumption is big.And drilling fluid viscosity, shear force all can be significantly increased after making a trip at every turn.Therefore, prevent that drilling fluids at high temperature gelling and serious thickening from being the major issue that keeps the drilling fluid thermostability.Facts have proved for many years, this be the most common, the most general in the Drilling Fluid Technique for Deep technology, bother most and sixty-four dollar question (particularly for high density drilling fluid).Obviously, prevent the drilling fluids at high temperature gelling and obtain preferably that thermostability should have two approach: the first is used the high temperature resistance treatment agent to suppress effectively and is reduced the high temperature dispersion of clay particle, and this is the essence of problem.But the high temperature that will thoroughly eliminate clay disperses relatively difficulty.Therefore, it two is must be controlled at the clay content in the drilling fluid in its " amount limit ".All drilling fluid medium clay soil content is greater than this amount limit, and then drilling fluid generation high temperature gelling is limit and be lower than this amount, and then drilling fluid only high-temperature thickening takes place and is unlikely to gelling, and is the more low, and the drilling fluids at high temperature thickening power is littler.We can say arbitrary water-based drilling liquid system, corresponding clay " amount limit " is all arranged under a certain high temperature.It can simply be interpreted as, " under a certain temperature, the minimum soil amount that the gelling of drilling fluid system generation high temperature is required ".Obviously it and drilling fluid medium clay soil type, treatment agent usefulness and content, the medium chemical environment, stand temperature just and action time factor such as length relevant.Therefore, can not there be " a clay amount limit " that is applicable to all drilling fluid systems, also can not calculates its size theoretically.But it is a key concept that guarantees the drilling fluid thermostability, and clay amount limit is obtained in all available experiment for concrete drilling fluid system.For example in the wilkinite drilling fluid of chromium system, 180 ℃-200 ℃ wilkinite amount is limited to about 7% (volume ratios, down together).Therefore, the important indicator that should use it and control as drilling fluid system.Promptly the actual content of drilling fluid medium clay soil must be strict controlled in its amount limit in use, and lower within the specific limits better.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention has provided a kind of drilling fluid that helps protecting hydrocarbon zone, reduces dehydration, improves the stratum bearing capacity, helps wellbore stability, by the shield-temporary plugging principle, helps protecting hydrocarbon zone simultaneously.
The technical scheme that the present invention solve the technical problem employing is:
A kind of drilling fluid that helps protecting hydrocarbon zone comprises the base slurry, has added lime carbonate in the base slurry.
Described lime carbonate is controlled at 1-4% by percentage to the quality.
Described base slurry is made up of 4% soil, 0.3% Polyanionic Cellulose, 8% sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin, 3% valchovite.
Described lime carbonate is controlled at 2% by percentage to the quality.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention adds ultra-fine CaCO in drilling fluid
3(400 order CaCO
3: 800 order CaCO
3: 2200 order CaCO
3=1: 3: 1) join in the drilling fluid system as rigidity micropartical plugging agent, mud cake is further filled in the reaction of other material in its not participation system, improve filter cake texture, improve mud cake quality, make mud cake thin, tough, fine and close, reduce the fluid loss of drilling fluid system.Simultaneously, it enters the stratum and fills microfracture, participates in forming internal filter cake, reduces zone permeability, further reduces dehydration, improves the stratum bearing capacity, helps wellbore stability, by the shield-temporary plugging principle, helps protecting hydrocarbon zone simultaneously.
Embodiment
A kind of drilling fluid that helps protecting hydrocarbon zone comprises the base slurry, has added lime carbonate in the base slurry.
Described lime carbonate is controlled at 1-4% by percentage to the quality.
Described base slurry is made up of 4% soil, 0.3% Polyanionic Cellulose, 8% sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin, 3% valchovite.
Described lime carbonate is controlled at 2% by percentage to the quality.
By in drilling fluid system, adding the lime carbonate of different amounts, the influence of drilling fluid system sex change is seen Table 1.
Table 1 lime carbonate dosage reaches the influence to the system rheological
According to table 1, as can be seen, along with the increase of lime carbonate dosage, the system dehydration reduces afterwards earlier and increases.The system plastic viscosity reduces, and the stability of system reduces, and flex point occurs when dosage is 2%.As can be seen, from single factor aspect, the best dosage of lime carbonate is 2%.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, to any simple modification, equivalent variations that above embodiment did, all falls within protection scope of the present invention on every foundation technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a drilling fluid that helps protecting hydrocarbon zone comprises the base slurry, it is characterized in that, has added lime carbonate in the base slurry.
2. according to right 1 described a kind of drilling fluid that helps protecting hydrocarbon zone, it is characterized in that described lime carbonate is controlled at 1-4% by percentage to the quality.
3. according to right 1 described a kind of drilling fluid that helps protecting hydrocarbon zone, it is characterized in that described base slurry is made up of 4% soil, 0.3% Polyanionic Cellulose, 8% sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin, 3% valchovite.
4. according to right 2 described a kind of drilling fluids that help protecting hydrocarbon zone, it is characterized in that described lime carbonate is controlled at 2% by percentage to the quality.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102165915A CN102086378A (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2009-12-07 | Drilling fluid helping to protect oil-gas bed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102165915A CN102086378A (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2009-12-07 | Drilling fluid helping to protect oil-gas bed |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102086378A true CN102086378A (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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ID=44098384
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104830288A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-12 | 北京中科天启油气技术有限公司 | Borehole stabilizer for drilling fluid, preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN106010482A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Environment-friendly water-based drilling fluid suitable for shale gas horizontal well |
| US9783726B1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2017-10-10 | China University Of Petroleum (Beijing) | Environment-friendly water-based drilling fluid applicable to horizontal shale gas wells |
| US9783725B1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2017-10-10 | China University Of Petroleum (Beijing) | Drilling fluid additive composition and water-based drilling fluid suitable for horizontal shale gas wells |
-
2009
- 2009-12-07 CN CN2009102165915A patent/CN102086378A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104830288A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-12 | 北京中科天启油气技术有限公司 | Borehole stabilizer for drilling fluid, preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN106010482A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Environment-friendly water-based drilling fluid suitable for shale gas horizontal well |
| US9783726B1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2017-10-10 | China University Of Petroleum (Beijing) | Environment-friendly water-based drilling fluid applicable to horizontal shale gas wells |
| US9783725B1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2017-10-10 | China University Of Petroleum (Beijing) | Drilling fluid additive composition and water-based drilling fluid suitable for horizontal shale gas wells |
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Application publication date: 20110608 |