CN102080136B - Converter smelting technique - Google Patents
Converter smelting technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN102080136B CN102080136B CN2011100214789A CN201110021478A CN102080136B CN 102080136 B CN102080136 B CN 102080136B CN 2011100214789 A CN2011100214789 A CN 2011100214789A CN 201110021478 A CN201110021478 A CN 201110021478A CN 102080136 B CN102080136 B CN 102080136B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a steel smelting technique, in particular to a converter smelting technique. The invention aims to provide a converter smelting technique, which has the advantages of less splash, and high content of smelting end point carbon and low oxygen content in the mid-high-carbon steel during production process and greatly reduces the remelting caused by excessive carbon content in the low-carbon steel production process. The converter smelting technique comprises the following steps: (1) charging: charging molten iron and scrap steel into the converter; (2) igniting; (3) converting: within 0.5 minutes after starting converting, lowering an oxygen lance to the basic position+200mm; adding lime and lightly fired dolomite within 1.5 minutes; lowering the oxygen lance to the basic position after finishing adding the materials; slowly raising the oxygen lance to the basic position+100 to +200mm and adding lime, lightly fired dolomite, coolant and slag melting agent within 3.5-4.5 times; controlling the oxygen lance to be in the basic position to basic position+600mm within 9.5-12 minutes; and controlling the oxygen lance to be in the basic position-100mm to the basic position after 12 minutes; (4) tapping; and (5) slag splashing repair.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting technology of steel, particularly relate to a kind of converter smelting process.
Background technology
Converter steelmaking (converter steelmaking) is take molten iron, steel scrap, iron alloy as main raw material, not by external energy, by chemical reaction generation heat between the physical thermal of iron liquid itself and iron fluid component and finish steelmaking process in converter.Converter is blown into position in the stove by gas and is divided into top blast, bottom blowing, side-blown and blows again; Press gaseous species and be minute air blown converter and an oxygen coverter.
Usually the converter smelting process of steel comprises charging, lights a fire, blows, taps, spatters the slag repair procedure, traditional converter smelting process, splash is serious in the converting process, recovery rate of iron is lower, carbon content after the blowing is low, and oxygen level is high, need add a large amount of alloy adjusting components and deoxidation in the tapping operation, tapping temperature is higher simultaneously, is unfavorable for follow-up refinery practice or casting technique.
Summary of the invention
It is less that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of splash, produces medium and high carbon steel, and the smelting endpoint carbon content is higher, and oxygen level is lower; Produce soft steel, that causes because carbon component is offscale melts down the converter smelting process that greatly reduces.
Converter smelting process of the present invention comprises following operation:
(1) shove charge operation: the temperature of packing into is 1250 ℃-1350 ℃ molten iron 43-45 ton and steel scrap 9-11 ton;
(2) igniting operation;
(3) blowing operation: at first the oxygen rifle is dropped to basic rifle position+200mm place in 0.5 minute opening to blow, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.8~0.85MPa, 1.5 add lime 1.5-2t in minute, light dolomite 400-600kg, after reinforced complete, the rifle position drops to basic rifle position, when opening when blowing 3.5~4.5 minutes, first the rifle position slowly is lifted to basic rifle position+100mm~+ 200mm, simultaneously oxygen is pressed and be transferred to 0.70~0.78MPa, then begin to add 1 ton in lime, light dolomite 100-250kg, refrigerant, dissolving agent, lime blows in 9 minutes and must all add opening, above-mentioned other materials blows in 11 minutes and must all add opening, during blowing to 3.5~9.5 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position~basic rifle position+400mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.70~0.85MPa, during blowing to 9.5~12 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position~basic rifle position+600mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.73~0.85MPa, after the blowing to 12 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position-100mm~basic rifle position, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.80~0.85MPa, and guarantees that terminal point presses the rifle time to be no less than 30 seconds, utilizes proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content before the tapping;
(4) tapping operation: tapping process needs omnidistance Argon, and flow is the 200-600 standard liter/min, adds deoxygenated alloy and alloying alloy by the alloy chute in ladle, and above-mentioned alloy must begin to 1/4 o'clock to add in tapping, added to 3/4 o'clock in tapping;
(5) spatter the slag repair procedure, be blown into nitrogen in converter, nitrogen pressure is controlled at 0.9~1.0MPa, spatter slag rifle position and be controlled at 700~1500mm, spatter slag time 〉=2.5 minute, the rifle position moves up and down between 700~1500mm and is not less than 3 times when spattering slag, and the rifle position is mobile from top to bottom.
Overhead clearance is 5.4m in the converter smelting process of the present invention, wherein said stove, and described basic rifle position is 1m.
Converter smelting process of the present invention, wherein said refrigerant main component is FeO, CaO, described dissolving agent main component is MnO, FeO.
Converter smelting process of the present invention, wherein said refrigerant add-on is 250-500kg, described dissolving agent add-on is 200-400kg.
Converter smelting process of the present invention, utilize proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content before the tapping in the wherein said blowing operation after, in ladle, add deoxygenated alloy and carbon dust.
Converter smelting process of the present invention, in the wherein said blowing operation tapping before utilize proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content after, the described deoxygenated alloy that adds in ladle is ferro-silicon.
Converter smelting process converting process of the present invention adopts rifle position, oxygen to press control by stages technique, splash is reduced, recovery rate of iron is higher, when producing medium and high carbon steel, carbon content of molten steel is brought up to present more than 0.10% after the blowing by original 0.056%, oxygen level is reduced to about present 400ppm by original 790ppm, need not to add a large amount of alloy adjusting components and deoxidation in the tapping operation, and tapping temperature is decrease also.Oxygen rifle rifle is brought up to more than 100 stoves by 60 original stoves age.When producing soft steel, because offscale the melting down of causing of carbon component greatly reduces.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Converter of the present invention quantizes smelting technology, is applicable to 45F, and overhead clearance 5.4m in the stove comprises following operation:
(1) shove charge operation: the temperature of packing into is 10 tons of 1310 ℃ 45 tons of molten iron and steel scraps;
(2) igniting operation;
(3) blowing operation: at first the oxygen rifle is dropped to basic rifle position (1m)+200mm place in 0.5 minute opening to blow, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.8MPa, 1.5 add lime 1.5t in minute, light dolomite 600kg, after reinforced complete, the rifle position drops to basic rifle position (1m), when opening when blowing 3.5 minutes, first the rifle position slowly is lifted to basic rifle position (1m)+100mm, simultaneously oxygen is pressed and be transferred to 0.70MPa, then begin to add 1 ton in lime, light dolomite 200kg, refrigerant 500kg, dissolving agent 400kg, the refrigerant main component is FeO, CaO, the dissolving agent main component is MnO, FeO, lime blows in 9 minutes and must all add opening, above-mentioned other materials blows in 11 minutes and must all add opening, during blowing to 3.5 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position (1m)+200mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.70MPa, blowing to 9.5 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position+400mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.73MPa, after the blowing to 12 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position (1m)-100mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.80MPa, and guarantee that the terminal point pressure rifle time is no less than 30 seconds, utilize proofing unit to detect oxygen level and carbon content before the tapping, then in ladle, add ferro-silicon 130kg and carbon dust 180kg as deoxygenated alloy;
(4) tapping operation: tapping process needs omnidistance Argon, flow 200 standard liter/min, add in ladle by the alloy chute: high carbon ferromanganese 280kg, magnalium calcium 20kg, aluminium slag 40kg, wash heat material 40kg, wherein the wash heat material is the mixture of aluminum oxide and calcium oxide; Above-mentioned alloy must begin to 1/4 o'clock to add in tapping, added to 3/4 o'clock in tapping;
(5) spatter the slag repair procedure, be blown into nitrogen in converter, nitrogen pressure is controlled at 1.0MPa, spatter slag rifle position and be controlled at 700~1500mm, spatter slag time 〉=2.5 minute, the rifle position moves up and down between 700~1500mm and is not less than 3 times when spattering slag, and the rifle position is mobile from top to bottom.
In the blowing operation, proofing unit detects oxygen level and carbon content (quality percentage composition) is respectively: carbon content 0.13%, oxygen level 380ppm to utilize TCO to drop a bomb before the tapping.
Converter smelting is complete, 1640 ℃ of tapping temperatures, composition result of laboratory test such as following table: (quality percentage composition)
Composition | C | P | S | Mn | Si | Als |
Content | 0.439 | 0.019 | 0.0252 | 0.60 | 0.20 | 60ppm |
Splash reduces in the converter smelting process converting process of the present invention, recovery rate of iron is higher, carbon content of molten steel is brought up to now more than 0.1% after the blowing by original 0.056%, and oxygen level is reduced to 380ppm by original 790ppm, and tapping temperature is decrease also.
Embodiment two
Converter smelting process of the present invention is applicable to 40Cr, and overhead clearance 5.4m in the stove comprises following operation:
(1) shove charge operation: the temperature of packing into is 9 tons of 1250 ℃ 45 tons of molten iron and steel scraps;
(2) igniting operation;
(3) blowing operation: at first the oxygen rifle is dropped to basic rifle position (1m)+200mm place in 0.5 minute opening to blow, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.85MPa, 1.5 add lime 2t in minute, light dolomite 400kg, after reinforced complete, the rifle position drops to basic rifle position (1m), when opening when blowing 4.5 minutes, first the rifle position is lifted to basic rifle position (1m)+200mm, simultaneously oxygen is pressed and be transferred to 0.73MPa, then begin to add 1 ton in lime, light dolomite 250kg, refrigerant 500kg, dissolving agent 400kg, the main FeO of refrigerant, CaO, dissolving agent mainly is MnO, FeO, lime blows in 9 minutes and must all add opening, above-mentioned other materials blows in 11 minutes and must all add opening, during blowing to 9.5 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position (1m)+400mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.75MPa, after the blowing to 12 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position (1m)-100mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.85MPa, and guarantee that terminal point presses the rifle time to be no less than 30 seconds, and utilize TCO drop a bomb proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content before the tapping, then in ladle, add ferro-silicon 130kg and carbon dust 60kg as deoxygenated alloy;
(4) tapping operation: tapping process needs omnidistance Argon, flow is 300 standard liter/min, add in ladle by the alloy chute: high carbon ferromanganese 280kg, magnalium calcium 40kg, aluminium slag 60kg, wash heat material 40kg, high carbon ferro-chrome 800kg, wherein the wash heat material is the mixture of aluminum oxide and calcium oxide, above-mentioned alloy must begin to 1/4 o'clock to add in tapping, added to 3/4 o'clock in tapping;
(5) spatter the slag repair procedure, be blown into nitrogen in converter, nitrogen pressure is controlled at 1.0MPa, spatter slag rifle position and be controlled at 700~1500mm, spatter slag time 〉=2.5 minute, the rifle position moves up and down between 700~1500mm and is not less than 3 times when spattering slag, and the rifle position is mobile from top to bottom.
In the blowing operation, proofing unit detects oxygen level and carbon content (quality percentage composition) is respectively: carbon content 0.14%, oxygen level 350ppm to utilize TCO to drop a bomb before the tapping.
Converter smelting is complete, 1630 ℃ of tapping temperatures, composition result of laboratory test such as following table: (quality percentage composition)
Composition | C | P | S | Mn | Si | Cr | Als |
Content | 0.42 | 0.0213 | 0.0252 | 0.60 | 0.19 | 0.90 | 50ppm |
Splash reduces in the converter smelting process converting process of the present invention, recovery rate of iron is higher, carbon content of molten steel is brought up to now more than 0.1% after the blowing by original 0.056%, and oxygen level is reduced to 350ppm by original 790ppm, and tapping temperature is decrease also.
Embodiment three
Converter smelting process of the present invention is applicable to HML10, and overhead clearance 5.4m in the stove comprises following operation:
(1) shove charge operation: the temperature of packing into is 11 tons of 1350 ℃ 45 tons of molten iron and steel scraps;
(2) igniting operation;
(3) blowing operation: at first the oxygen rifle is dropped to basic rifle position (1m)+200mm place in 0.5 minute opening to blow, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.83MPa, 1.5 add lime 1.75t in minute, light dolomite 600kg, after reinforced complete, the rifle position drops to basic rifle position (1m), when opening when blowing 4 minutes, first the rifle position is lifted to basic rifle position (1m)+150mm, simultaneously oxygen is pressed and be transferred to 0.78MPa, then begin to add 1 ton in lime, light dolomite 100kg, refrigerant 250kg, dissolving agent 200kg, the refrigerant main component is FeO, CaO, the dissolving agent main component is MnO, FeO, lime blows in 9 minutes and must all add opening, above-mentioned other materials blows in 11 minutes and must all add opening, during blowing to 4.5 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position (1m)+200mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.85MPa, during blowing to 9.5 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position (1m)+300mm, and the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.80MPa, and blowing is after 12 minutes, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position (1m), the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.82MPa, and guarantees that terminal point presses the rifle time to be no less than 30 seconds, utilizes TCO drop a bomb proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content before the tapping;
(4) tapping operation: tapping process needs omnidistance Argon, flow is 600 standard liter/min, add in ladle by the alloy chute: mid-carbon fe-mn alloy 140kg, Si-Ca-Ba 20kg, magnalium calcium 120kg, wash heat material 40kg, wherein the wash heat material is the mixture of aluminum oxide and calcium oxide; Alloy must begin to 1/4 o'clock to add in tapping, added to 3/4 o'clock in tapping;
(5) spatter the slag repair procedure, be blown into nitrogen in converter, nitrogen pressure is controlled at 0.9MPa, spatter slag rifle position and be controlled at 700~1500mm, spatter slag time 〉=2.5 minute, the rifle position moves up and down between 700~1500mm and is not less than 3 times when spattering slag, and the rifle position is mobile from top to bottom.
In the blowing operation, proofing unit detects oxygen level and carbon content (quality percentage composition) is respectively: carbon content 0.05%, oxygen level 900ppm to utilize TCO to drop a bomb before the tapping.
Converter smelting is complete, and tapping temperature is by 1670 ℃, composition result of laboratory test such as following table: (quality percentage composition)
Composition | C | P | S | Mn | Si | Als |
Content | 0.080 | 0.018 | 0.025 | 0.40 | 0.1 | 120ppm |
Splash reduces in the converter smelting process converting process of the present invention, and recovery rate of iron is higher, adopts converter smelting process of the present invention, melts down when melting down of causing because carbon component is offscale reduced to present nothing by 08 year 500 tons.
Above-described embodiment is described preferred implementation of the present invention; be not that scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not breaking away from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. converter smelting process is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
(1) shove charge operation: the temperature of packing into is 1250 ℃-1350 ℃ molten iron 43-45 ton and steel scrap 9-11 ton;
(2) igniting operation;
(3) blowing operation: at first the oxygen rifle is dropped to basic rifle position+200mm place in 0.5 minute opening to blow, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.8~0.85MPa, 1.5 add lime 1.5-2t in minute, light dolomite 400-600kg, after reinforced complete, the rifle position drops to basic rifle position, when opening when blowing 3.5~4.5 minutes, first the rifle position slowly is lifted to basic rifle position+100mm~+ 200mm, simultaneously oxygen is pressed and be transferred to 0.70~0.78MPa, then begin to add 1 ton in lime, light dolomite 100-250kg, refrigerant, dissolving agent, lime blows in 9 minutes and must all add opening, above-mentioned other materials blows in 11 minutes and must all add opening, during blowing to 3.5~9.5 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position~basic rifle position+400mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.70~0.85MPa, during blowing to 9.5~12 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position~basic rifle position+600mm, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.73~0.85MPa, after the blowing to 12 minute, the rifle position is controlled at basic rifle position-100mm~basic rifle position, the oxygen pressure-controlled is at 0.80~0.85MPa, and guarantees that terminal point presses the rifle time to be no less than 30 seconds, utilizes proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content before the tapping;
(4) tapping operation: tapping process needs omnidistance Argon, and flow is the 200-600 standard liter/min, adds deoxygenated alloy and alloying alloy by the alloy chute in ladle, and above-mentioned alloy must begin to 1/4 o'clock to add in tapping, added to 3/4 o'clock in tapping;
(5) spatter the slag repair procedure, be blown into nitrogen in converter, nitrogen pressure is controlled at 0.9~1.0MPa, spatter slag rifle position and be controlled at 700~1500mm, spatter slag time 〉=2.5 minute, the rifle position moves up and down between 700~1500mm and is not less than 3 times when spattering slag, and the rifle position is mobile from top to bottom.
2. converter smelting process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: overhead clearance is 5.4m in the described stove, and described basic rifle position is 1m.
3. converter smelting process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described refrigerant main component is FeO, CaO, described dissolving agent main component is MnO, FeO.
4. converter smelting process according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described refrigerant add-on is 250-500kg, described dissolving agent add-on is 200-400kg.
5. converter smelting process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after utilizing proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content before the tapping in the described blowing operation, add deoxygenated alloy and carbon dust in ladle.
6. converter smelting process according to claim 5 is characterized in that: after utilizing proofing unit endpoint detection oxygen level and endpoint carbon content before the tapping in the described blowing operation, the described deoxygenated alloy that adds in ladle is ferro-silicon.
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CN2011100214789A CN102080136B (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2011-01-19 | Converter smelting technique |
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CN2011100214789A CN102080136B (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2011-01-19 | Converter smelting technique |
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CN102080136B true CN102080136B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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CN104531940A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-22 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter final slag thickening method |
CN104745761B (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2017-03-29 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | The method of semisteel smelting converter terminal residue adjustment |
CN105039633A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-11 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for extracting vanadium from converter |
CN105950815A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-21 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Recycled steel converter blowing method |
CN106011362B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-09-29 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method for making steel of semisteel smelting constant pressure and constant rifle |
CN107779540B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-08-27 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Converter single slag smelting method for high-silicon molten iron |
CN107794330A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-13 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method for replacing scrap steel by sintering ore isothermal effect |
CN106834592B (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2019-02-12 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of method that steel treatment is melted down in converter |
CN109136453A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-04 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of ladle bottom blowing method and system |
CN109666775A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-04-23 | 九江萍钢钢铁有限公司 | A kind of blast furnace labour quick smelting process of converter |
CN112853028A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | Device and method for stabilizing end point carbon content of converter |
CN112921144B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-11-01 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | Method for melting slag by using furnace slag |
CN113337665A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-03 | 首钢水城钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Alloy welding wire steel converter smelting process |
CN115584374A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-01-10 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for improving alloy utilization rate in converter process |
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