CN1020790C - Hydraulic variable-speed device - Google Patents
Hydraulic variable-speed device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1020790C CN1020790C CN 92100195 CN92100195A CN1020790C CN 1020790 C CN1020790 C CN 1020790C CN 92100195 CN92100195 CN 92100195 CN 92100195 A CN92100195 A CN 92100195A CN 1020790 C CN1020790 C CN 1020790C
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- Prior art keywords
- pump
- motor
- displacement
- change
- change part
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- Expired - Fee Related
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000287680 Garcinia dulcis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a hydraulic speed change device which is formed by that a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor are combined, and the present invention which can realize stepless speed change is suitable for being used as a speed changer of an automobile. Change members used for changing speed are respectively arranged in both a pump and a motor, and the present invention is characterized in that a speed change device is formed by that the pump and the motor are combined; each change member can be correctly operated through an operating lever, namely that the speed change device is formed by that the change members and both ends of the operating lever can lean with each other; according to the operating position where the operating lever is positioned, one of the change members in the pump or the motor does not contact the operating lever, and consequently the present invention realizes various kinds of speed change.
Description
The present invention is used for various industrial machines to change and to transmit the speed changer of the rotating speed in rotary motive power source.
The fluid type speed changer that oil hydraulic pump and hydraulic pressure horse constitute in the hydraulic mechanism combination of these two kinds of functions reversed is realized stepless change, so applied range and obtain extensive studies and exploitation.As the example of this type of hydraulic mechanism, can be formed in the spy and open the rotating fluid energy converter that is published in the clear 58-77179 communique.But existing most cases is, have only the volume-variable of pump, and the capacity of motor fixed, and its slewing range is narrow in this case; In addition, even under all variable situation of pump, each self-capacity of motor, mostly all adopt the mode that changes each self-capacity respectively, result to make its control very complicated.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of swinging type liquid energy converter that is made of a volume adjustable hydraulic pump and the combination of variable hydraulic motor is hydraulic-gear.This pump and motor can be realized pump by the side-play amount of actuation by lever element control cylinder body rotational axis, and motor changes discharge capacity simultaneously.
The present invention provides and has a kind ofly adopted the displacement form of the such change part (eccentric part) of a plurality of rotating fluid energy converters and change the hydraulic mechanism of liquid displacement.One of this hydraulic mechanism is made pump, and another is as oil hydraulic motor (hereinafter to be referred as motor), and the fluid passage of the two is connected to each other, and simultaneously, the control mechanism of may command change part displacement is set.This control mechanism comprise make pump and motor the change part each be close to mechanism towards what a side was close to, and overcome these power of being close to that are close to mechanism and make the actuation mechanism that moves of change part, the end of this actuation mechanism be configured in can be frequently with the change part position contacting of pump and motor on.This actuation mechanism constitutes by following situation: when it only is in the position that makes the motor capacity keep certain value, and the volume-variable of pump; And when the capacity of pump keeps certain value, the volume-variable of motor.In addition, the present invention also can constitute in the following manner: make the capacity increase and decrease of pump if allow change part displacement, then can allow the change part displacement of motor that the capacity of motor is increased and decreased.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 are the organigram of the embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the explanatory drawing of embodiment's speed change gear control action.
Below by figure embodiments of the invention are described, Fig. 1 is the enforcement illustration of first kind of device provided by the present invention.
(1) and (2) drive rotating fluid enegrgy converter in the clear 58-77179 communique for publishing in the spy, (1) is pump, (2) are motor.Flywheel moment from rotary motive power source (drawing on the figure) is imported from the turning axle (16) of pump (1), is converted to the hydraulic pressure energy, is converted to mechanical energy by motor (2) again with the energy of changing, and from turning axle (26) output, drives the device that is connected with this.Detailed introduction has been done in the structure of rotating fluid energy converter and action in above-mentioned communique, so only do simple declaration at this.
(11), (13) and (21), (23) are respectively the housing of pump and motor, in above-mentioned housing, all have separately to keep rotating freely turning axle (16), (26).Also have, can with the turning axle Vertical direction on the vertical shaft (12), an end of (22) that move make conical butt, cylinder body (14), (24) are provided with and above-mentioned conical surface approximate vertical and the cylinder hole (15), (25) that cooperate with a plurality of plungers (17), (27); Cylinder body (14), (24) cooperate with the conical surface of vertical shaft and can turn round.
In addition, plunger is inserted in the cylinder body and the energy to-and-fro motion.
Form first hydrostatic bearing (16a) between the part of the conical surface that forms by the internal surface of housing (13) and the excircle conical surface of turning axle (16); Be located between the conical surface that the turning axle inner surface portion contacts with the plunger end face and plunger (17) end face second hydrostatic bearing (16b) is arranged.Now,, can produce one and input torque corresponding torque, directly mechanical energy is converted to the fluid energy by this couple by first and second hydrostatic bearings by one moment of torsion being applied on the turning axle of pump by the drive unit of not drawing on the figure.This fluid can be that highly pressurised liquid (not indicating on the figure) by the vertical shaft circular cone being divided into the microscler oil circuit of two parts, is discharged through delivery side of pump (18).This fluid on figure not the oil circuit of picture enter motor filler opening (28), this fluid can pass to output turning axle (26) with couple with the reaction that produces with the said pump start, this couple is exported moment by turning axle.In addition, the fluid after the acting enters the filler opening (19) of pump by the oil drain out (29) of motor by the oil circuit of not drawing on the figure.In addition, in the oil circuit that between pump, motor, connects, the intersection of can packing into as required relief valve, pressure charging valve etc., this is a well known fact.
The liquid displacement of pump is the gyration center m by turning axle (16)
1Gyration center n with cylinder barrel
1Skew (offset) d
1And change, and offset d
1Change then can by change vertical shaft with its turning axle central vertical direction on the position realize.Therefore, vertical shaft possesses the function as eccentric part, above-mentioned d
1Can regard the displacement (offset) of vertical shaft (12) as.
Effect by spring (8) makes vertical shaft (12) be close to a certain direction, and by operating bar (4) it is subjected to and the opposite power of spring (8) action direction.Handlebar (3) is housed on operating bar (4), can operates by manual or mechanical force.
By changing the gyration center n of cylinder body (24)
2Gyration center m with turning axle (26)
2Offset d
2(displacement of vertical shaft (22)) can change the rotating speed with the corresponding motor of liquid (2).Effect by spring (9) is pushed vertical shaft (22) to certain direction, and operating bar (4) then makes it be subjected to and the opposite power of spring (9) action direction.
The housing of the housing of pump (1) and motor (2) is connected to each other by link (5), screw (7), and operating bar (4) can be along link (5) left and right sides to-and-fro motion.Seal with Sealings (6) such as O type circles between operating bar (4) and the housing.
Illustrate by action about operating bar (handlebar do momentum) vertical shaft (12) that causes and the displacement (offset) of vertical shaft (22) with reference to Fig. 3.When operating bar during in left position (when being O as momentum), vertical shaft (12) is pushed to the left position place by operating bar (4) and is contacted with housing (11).The offset of vertical shaft (12) is-E in the case.This moment the opposing party motor-side vertical shaft (22) to be pushed to tool by spring (9) distolateral and contact with housing (21), has gap (l) between operating bar (4) and the vertical shaft (22), operating bar is to the no effect of vertical shaft (22), and the offset of vertical shaft this moment (22) is+E.
Operating bar is moved right, and vertical shaft (12) is promoted by spring (8) and moves right; And the vertical shaft of opposite side (22) (is l as momentum) before operating bar (4) moves to the position of pushing down vertical shaft (22) will not produce displacement.Vertical shaft (12) its right-hand member with just stop to move after housing contacts.When then operating bar being moved right, vertical shaft (12) just has not been shifted; Vertical shaft (22) then is subjected to the promotion displacement to the right (displacement that vertical shaft (12), (22) are both to the right is decided to be positive and negative respectively, and regulation is in order to have equidirectional revolution under the situation of same-sign like this) of operating bar (4).
Fig. 4 represents revolution when input when being certain value (NO), makes momentum and the variation of the output revolutions that causes by handlebar.Under the plunger diameter of pump and the motor situation identical with number, when handlebar was in left end (actuating quantity is O), revolution was identical on the contrary mutually with the rotating direction of input in the output revolution; When the offset (offset of pump) of vertical shaft (12) when being O, the output revolution also is 0.When the offset of pump and motor equated, the output revolution equated with the input revolution, when following again mobile handlebar, and then output revolutions increase.
By shown in Figure 2 the second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.In the present embodiment, also adopted the rotating fluid enegrgy converter identical, indicated with prosign with the identical person of component part shown in Figure 1 with the 1st embodiment.In first embodiment, pump (1) is configuration side by side with motor (2), then is illustrated in figure 2 as configuration in upright arrangement in the present embodiment, and is connected and fixed by a housing (10).What illustrate among the action of pump (1) and motor (2) and first embodiment is identical, and the offset of vertical shaft (12), (22) then adopts the adjustment of rotary type operating handle.Just, as leaning on spring (8) by separately of the vertical shaft (12) of eccentric part, (22), (9), simultaneously, by pin (35), (36) by operating handle (37) to pressing down, change offset by rotating operating handle, the displacement relation of doing momentum (amounts of rotation) and vertical shaft (12), (22) of operating handle is same as shown in Figure 3, and the variation of output number is with shown in Figure 4 identical.
Second kind of device provided by the present invention, it constitutes, and the change part of two hydraulic mechanisms is while interlocks, and wherein an example is shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 5 is frequent and vertical shaft (22) and the contacted situations of (12) two sides of the two ends of operating bar (4).Pump among this figure is identical with the situation of Fig. 1 with the action of motor, will omit its explanation herein.In this device, the displacement by operating bar (4) can make two vertical shafts (12), (22) linkage shifting.Therefore, when the capacity of pump increased and decreased, the capacity of motor is increase and decrease thereupon also, can realize sequence control.Certainly, this second embodiment equally also can implement under the situation of manipulation shank type operation input actuation mechanism shown in Figure 2.This situation is two pins (35), (36) and push rod while contact form.
More than formation of the present invention is explained, yet, the present invention be not limited to above-mentioned illustrated for example.For example, in illustrated exemplary, only just adopted the rotating fluid enegrgy converter.The hydraulic mechanism that liquid displacement is changed as the displacement by eccentric part illustrates; Yet, also can adopt other forms of hydraulic mechanism, for example, inclined disc type, bent axis type axial piston pump, motor.In this case, swash plate, inclined shaft by the mode that this change part is changed with above-mentioned the sort of actuation mechanism, can constitute the speed change gear that can realize with the same level and smooth variable speed operation of the foregoing description for the change part.In addition, as the spring that is close to mechanism (8), (9) with as operating bar (4), handlebar (3) and pin (35), (36) and the handlebar (37) of operation input actuation mechanism but be a kind of of embodiment, other modes, as the cam mode, cam is turned round control also can reach effect same; Even also have concerning handlebar, its steering force decapacitation is adopted outside the machinery types such as hydrodynamic pressure and screw-drive mechanism, also can adopt means of electromagnetic forces.
From above introduction as can be known, hydraulic transmission provided by the present invention has following advantages: adopted the hydraulic mechanism of the considerably less swinging energy converter of energy loss as pump And motor, so efficient height; Controlling organization of the present invention is simple in structure, can realize level and smooth speed change system (infinitely variable speeds) in wide region; Do momentum and the output revolutions of controlling organization are proportional simple relation roughly, and therefore operation is very simple.
Claims (3)
1, hydraulic transmission wherein has: the displacement of the change part by off-centre changes the pump and the hydraulic motor of liquid discharge capacity; Make the change part of said pump and motor rely on a side mechanism separately; Make the change part displacement of pump, to increase or when reducing the capacity of pump, to make the change part displacement of motor, to reduce or to increase the actuation mechanism of motor capacity; And the liquid flow path of said pump and motor mutually combines, and will be the rotation motion of exporting from motor one side through the speed change transmission to pump one side input rotation motion; It is characterized in that: the constituting of above-mentioned actuation mechanism: operator makes the operation amount of two output terminals and an input end carry out displacement pro rata, and this operator often contacts with the change part of pump and the change part of motor.
2, hydraulic transmission as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: operator is made up of the operating bar of straight line displacement and the bar that is installed on the above-mentioned operating bar.
3, hydraulic transmission as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: operator is made up of the rotary type bar.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107299 CN1017643B (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1985-10-07 | Hydraulic-gear |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107299 Division CN1017643B (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1985-10-07 | Hydraulic-gear |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1063343A CN1063343A (en) | 1992-08-05 |
| CN1020790C true CN1020790C (en) | 1993-05-19 |
Family
ID=4795560
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107299 Expired CN1017643B (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1985-10-07 | Hydraulic-gear |
| CN 92100195 Expired - Fee Related CN1020790C (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1992-01-10 | Hydraulic variable-speed device |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107299 Expired CN1017643B (en) | 1985-10-07 | 1985-10-07 | Hydraulic-gear |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN1017643B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8205539B2 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2012-06-26 | Clark Equipment Company | Two bolt adjustable centering system |
| CN102090219A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-06-15 | 江阴市洪腾机械有限公司 | Hydraulic drive traveling device for maize harvesting machine |
| CN102767605B (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2015-03-11 | 冯宝宝 | Static hydraulic driving device |
| CN108730469A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-02 | 合肥创源车辆控制技术有限公司 | A kind of contiuously variable transmission |
| CN109114188A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of hydraulic continuously variable transmission |
-
1985
- 1985-10-07 CN CN 85107299 patent/CN1017643B/en not_active Expired
-
1992
- 1992-01-10 CN CN 92100195 patent/CN1020790C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1017643B (en) | 1992-07-29 |
| CN85107299A (en) | 1987-04-15 |
| CN1063343A (en) | 1992-08-05 |
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| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |