CN102075700B

CN102075700B - Planar array charge coupled device (CCD) with image elements arranged in rotating staggered mode

Info

Publication number: CN102075700B
Application number: CN201110034003A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄桂芝
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-01-31
Filing date: 2011-01-31
Publication date: 2012-10-10
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-31
Also published as: CN102075700A

Abstract

The invention provides a planar array charge coupled device (CCD) with image elements arranged in a rotating staggered mode, and relates to a planar array CCD which is taken as an image sensor. The planar array CCD is used for solving the serious problems that the distance between the image elements in an elementary unit in the planar array CCD is longer, the image elements are not staggered and scattered, the image elements are provided with small receives areas, and the image elements are not beneficial to improving the image quality. The image element arrangement is determined by the following ways: determining the side length of a foundation square; setting nine characteristic points at a peak, sidelines and inside of the foundation square to form the elementary unit (1); rotating the elementary unit (1) at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees anticlockwise in order so as to splice a matched unit of the square; taking the matched unit as a replication unit, and repeating to horizontally move the replication matched unit to form a rotating staggered net; and distributing CCD image elements at all the characteristic points in the rotating staggered net to form the planar array CCD with the image elements arranged in the rotating staggered mode. The planar array CCD is applied to photographic equipment.

Description

Pixel rotates staggered area array CCD

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of CCD as imageing sensor.

Background technology

Gather the CCD pixel in the photo-sensitive cell of video data in the existing digital video taking apparatus, often adopt between square arrangement mode, rectangle arrangement mode and the adjacent lines, arrangement mode (seeing signal Fig. 1 and 2) misplaces between the row.Adopt the defective of square, rectangle and dislocation arrangement mode to be, in elementary cell under the situation of pixel quantity identical (all being nine), 1, the light-receiving area of pixel is little in the elementary cell; 2, relative distance is longer between the interior pixel of elementary cell; 3, the laying of pixel eight direction in edge are disperseed in the elementary cell, staggered the dispersion, do not consider better that the organic concord cooperation between adjacent picture elements can improve image quality better.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pixel that is used to gather video data and rotate staggered area array CCD; Little to solve in the existing area array CCD arrangement mode in the elementary cell light-receiving area of pixel; Relative distance is longer between the pixel in the elementary cell; The laying of pixel only disperses along eight directions in the elementary cell, not staggered the dispersion, is unfavorable for improving the major defect of image quality.The staggered CCD pixel of its rotation is confirmed through following manner: one, confirm the basic foursquare length of side; Two, a characteristic point is respectively arranged on foursquare four summits on the basis, and the mid point on square base and the right is respectively arranged a characteristic point on the basis, three characteristic points of foursquare inner dispersed placement on the basis, and nine characteristic points form elementary cell 1 altogether; Three, be rotated counterclockwise 90 degree to elementary cell 1 and form a cell cube 2, be rotated counterclockwise 180 degree to elementary cell 1 and form secondary cell cube 3, be rotated counterclockwise 270 degree to elementary cell 1 and form three sub-cell bodies 4; Four, be arranged on cell cube 2 downside of elementary cell 1; Be arranged on three sub-cell bodies 4 on the right side of elementary cell 1; Be arranged at the right side of a cell cube 2 and the downside of three sub-cell bodies 4 to secondary cell cube 3, elementary cell 1, cell cube 2, secondary cell cube 3 and three sub-cell bodies 4 are spliced into a foursquare matching unit; Five, with the matching unit be replicator; Repeat replication matching unit and planar translation; Form the staggered net of rotation, guarantees that wire length between any two characteristic points outside the line between square adjacent two summits, same basis, adjacent is between 0.36 to 0.71 times of the square length of side in basis; Six, each characteristic point in the staggered net of rotation is laid the CCD pixel, thereby forms the staggered area array CCD of rotation.

Advantage of the present invention is: 1, square and when simply being staggered the inner pixel of elementary cell have only one, the present invention has three pixels of dispersed placement in elementary cell inside, form triangle and distribute; 2, in elementary cell under the situation of pixel quantity identical (all being nine), square when simply being staggered in the elementary cell light-receiving area sum of pixel be 1+4 * 0.5+4 * 0.5=4; The light-receiving area sum of the interior pixel of elementary cell was 3+4 * 0.5+2 * 0.5=5 when rotation was staggered, and therefore, the light-receiving area of pixel increases in the elementary cell, square and simple staggered light-receiving area increase by 25%; 3, in elementary cell under the situation of pixel quantity identical (all being nine); Square and when simply being staggered in the elementary cell between pixel average distance be 0.554275 times of the basic square length of side; What wherein distance was the longest has four, and its distance is 0.7071 times of the basic square length of side; Rotation when being staggered in the elementary cell distance between the adjacent picture elements outside the line between adjacent two summits can narrow down to 0.41～0.63 times of the basic square length of side; Its average distance is 0.50 times of the basic square length of side, has dwindled 9.79%, and what wherein distance was the longest has only one; Its distance is 0.7041 times of the basic square length of side; Be between photo-sensitive cell relative distance the longest by four, reduce to one, reduced 75%.Relative distance when therefore, rotation is staggered between the interior pixel of elementary cell is littler, more even; 4, square and when simply being staggered in the elementary cell arrangement of pixel only disperse staggered the dispersion along eight directions; Interior four summits with base unit of elementary cell were respectively datum mark pixel (photo-sensitive cell) all along the staggered dispersed arrangement of 12 directions when rotation was staggered, and the direction that pixel (photo-sensitive cell) is arranged has increased by 50%; And when in 0.36～0.71 times of scope of the distance between the pixel outside the line between adjacent two summits in the elementary cell in the square length of side in basis, also can reach good dispersiveness between adjacent picture elements; The staggered dispersion of adjacent picture elements position, organic concord and cooperate and to improve image quality better.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the area array CCD of pixel square arrangement, and Fig. 2 is the area array CCD that the pixel dislocation is arranged, and Fig. 3 is the sketch map of elementary cell 1 in the execution mode one; Fig. 4 is the sketch map of a cell cube 2; Fig. 5 is the sketch map of secondary cell cube 3, and Fig. 6 is the sketch map of three sub-cell bodies 4, and Fig. 7 is the sketch map of matching unit; Fig. 8 is to be replicator with the matching unit, duplicates and the sketch map of translation.

Embodiment

Embodiment one: specify this execution mode below in conjunction with Fig. 3 to Fig. 8.The staggered area array CCD pixel of its rotation is confirmed through following manner: one, confirm the basic foursquare length of side; The foursquare length of side in basis can be selected the length of side of square or rectangular in the square or rectangular area array CCD of same number of pixels for use, also can rule of thumb confirm with needs; Selecting pixel dimension in this execution mode is 3 μ m, and the basic foursquare length of side is 14 μ m; Two, a characteristic point is respectively arranged on foursquare four summits on the basis, is respectively (0,0), (14,0), (14; 14) and (0,14), the mid point on square base and the right is respectively arranged a characteristic point on the basis, is respectively d (7,14), and e (0; 7), three characteristic points of foursquare internal placement on the basis are respectively a (0.1851 * 14,0.3724 * 14), and b (0.3787 * 14; 0.822 * 14), c (0.6 * 14,0.4205 * 14), nine points form elementary cell 1 altogether; Three, be rotated counterclockwise 90 degree to elementary cell 1 and form a cell cube 2, be rotated counterclockwise 180 degree to elementary cell 1 and form secondary cell cube 3, be rotated counterclockwise 270 degree to elementary cell 1 and form three sub-cell bodies 4; Four, be arranged on cell cube 2 downside of elementary cell 1; Be arranged on three sub-cell bodies 4 on the right side of elementary cell 1; Be arranged at the right side of a cell cube 2 and the downside of three sub-cell bodies 4 to secondary cell cube 3, elementary cell 1, cell cube 2, secondary cell cube 3 and three sub-cell bodies 4 are spliced into a foursquare matching unit; Five, with the matching unit be replicator; Repeat replication matching unit and planar translation; Form the staggered net of rotation, guarantees that wire length between any two characteristic points outside the line between square adjacent two summits, same basis, adjacent is between 0.36 to 0.71 times of the square length of side in basis; Six, each characteristic point in the staggered net of rotation is laid the CCD pixel, thereby forms the staggered area array CCD of rotation.

Embodiment two: this execution mode is with the different of execution mode one: between step 4 and step 5, also comprise steps A; The length of matching unit or Width convergent-divergent; Make it to become rectangle, all inner characteristic point positions are adjusted according to scaling.Other step is identical with execution mode one.

Claims

1. pixel rotates staggered area array CCD, it is characterized in that its staggered CCD pixel of rotation is confirmed through following manner: one, confirm the basic foursquare length of side; Two, a characteristic point is respectively arranged on foursquare four summits on the basis, and the mid point on square base and the right is respectively arranged a characteristic point on the basis, three characteristic points of foursquare inner dispersed placement on the basis, and nine characteristic points form elementary cell (1) altogether; Three, be rotated counterclockwise 90 degree to elementary cell (1) and form a cell cube (2), be rotated counterclockwise 180 degree to elementary cell (1) and form secondary cell cube (3), be rotated counterclockwise 270 degree to elementary cell (1) and form three sub-cell bodies (4); Four, be arranged on a cell cube (2) downside of elementary cell (1); Be arranged on three sub-cell bodies (4) on the right side of elementary cell (1); Be arranged at the right side of a cell cube (2) and the downside of three sub-cell bodies (4) to secondary cell cube (3), elementary cell (1), a cell cube (2), secondary cell cube (3) and three sub-cell bodies (4) are spliced into a foursquare matching unit; Five, with the matching unit be replicator; Repeat replication matching unit and planar translation; Form the staggered net of rotation, guarantees that wire length between any two characteristic points outside the line between square adjacent two characteristic points in same basis, adjacent is between 0.36 to 0.71 times of the square length of side in basis; Six, each characteristic point in the staggered net of rotation is laid the CCD pixel, thereby forms the staggered CCD of rotation.

2. pixel according to claim 1 rotates staggered area array CCD; It is characterized in that between step 4 and step 5, also comprising steps A; The length of matching unit or Width convergent-divergent, make it to become rectangle, all inner characteristic point positions are adjusted according to scaling.