CN102073967A - Method for evaluating working capital loan investigation - Google Patents
Method for evaluating working capital loan investigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102073967A CN102073967A CN2009102345937A CN200910234593A CN102073967A CN 102073967 A CN102073967 A CN 102073967A CN 2009102345937 A CN2009102345937 A CN 2009102345937A CN 200910234593 A CN200910234593 A CN 200910234593A CN 102073967 A CN102073967 A CN 102073967A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for evaluating a working capital loan investigation, which is characterized by relating to four aspects, namely customer evaluation, credit extension evaluation, loan demand and repayment capability, wherein each aspect is provided with an evaluation index, an evaluation criteria and an evaluation standard respectively, namely the 'evaluation index' or the 'evaluation standard' of each aspect is calculated respectively, the 'evaluation criteria' is used for making a judgment, a 'comprehensive evaluation' is made for a loan application at last, and only the loan application of which the four aspects match conditions at the same time can be approved. The evaluation indexes, the evaluation criteria, the evaluation standards, the index calculations and the like form a complete method system. When the method is applied to software for evaluating bank working capital loan investigations, the method can realize the evaluation of working capital loans with the most rigorous way of thinking, the shortest time and the most convenient operation to provide a scientific basis for bank loan decisions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of loan research and appraisal method, relate in particular to a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method.
Background technology
The Global finance storm that began to take place in 2008, China Banking Regulatory Commission has further strengthened the supervision to bank, " loan of operating fund management tentative method " have been issued, require " examination influences the factor of loan of operating fund safety targetedly; effectively discern credit risk, forms the risk assessment report ".The Banking Supervision Commission issues " loan of operating fund management tentative method ", and there is defective in indirect proof domestic bank aspect the loan of operating fund risk control at present, demands setting up the effectively method system of identification loan of operating fund risk of a cover urgently.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: relate to customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan, four aspects of loan repayment capacity, each aspect is provided with evaluation index, interpretational criteria and evaluation criterion respectively, promptly calculate " evaluation index " or " evaluation criterion " of each aspect respectively, judgement is made in utilization " interpretational criteria ", at last loan application is made " comprehensive evaluation ", has only four aspects qualified loan applications of while just can go through, and may further comprise the steps:
1. step obtains customer evaluation;
2. step obtains the credit evaluation;
3. step obtains the demand for loan evaluation;
4. step obtains the loan repayment capacity evaluation;
Step 5., comprehensive customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan evaluation, loan repayment capacity evaluation obtain comprehensive evaluation.
Above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: the 1. described customer evaluation of step comprises---
The customer evaluation index, i.e. credit rating, credit rating is divided into 5 at least, is AAA, AA, A, B, C is provided with numerical ceiling at the Default Probability of each grade correspondence;
The customer evaluation criterion: according to credit grade the client is divided into main loan client, provide a loan client, credit squeeze client three classes cautiously, the client that promptly mainly provides a loan comprises credit grade AAA, AA, the client of A; Prudent loan client comprises the client of credit grade B; The credit squeeze client comprises the client of credit grade C.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: the 2. described credit evaluation of step comprises, accrediting amount index, the promptly available accrediting amount; Accrediting amount criterion, i.e. apply for loan volume≤available accrediting amount; Accrediting amount evaluation criterion, the promptly available accrediting amount; Calculate the available accrediting amount; The described available accrediting amount=beginning of the year, the accrediting amount-one's own profession credit remaining sum+this monthly plan was repaid loan of operating fund at present.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: the 3. described demand for loan evaluation of step comprises, demand for loan index, i.e. this loan of operating fund limit; Demand for loan interpretational criteria, i.e. apply for loan volume≤this loan of operating fund limit; Demand for loan evaluation criterion, i.e. this loan of operating fund limit; Calculate this loan of operating fund limit; Described this loan of operating fund limit=circulating capital maximum demand volume * loan of operating fund maximum ratio/100-beginning this month loan of operating fund remaining sum+this monthly plan is repaid loan of operating fund; This loan of operating fund limit of described calculating needs to calculate circulating capital maximum demand volume earlier, comprising: the current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics; Measuring and calculating current capital estimation basis; Current capital estimation; Circulating capital maximum demand volume calculates.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: described current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics comprises:
(1) floating assets and current liability statistics, promptly collect enterprise's balance sheet of 12 months last year, one of list " floating assets and current liability statistical form ", calculate 12 monthly average values, column constitutes and to include but not limited to that following subject---floating assets comprise in the table: total current assets, money-capital, liquid investment, notes receivable, dividend receivable, interest receivable, accounts receivable, subtract provision for bad debts, net account receivable, advance money, receivable subsidy, accounts receivable-others, stock, prepaid and deferred expenses; Current liability comprises: current liability total value, short-term borrowing, notes payable, accounts payable, Deposit received, other accounts payables, accrued payroll, Welfare payable, dividend payable, taxes due, other.
(2) circulating capital mean value, floating assets and the relevant subject of current liability are merged classification, increase the circulating capital column, with " circulating capital statistical form " expression, the column of " circulating capital statistical form " is as follows with the relevant subject corresponding relation of " floating assets and current liability statistical form "---floating assets=accounts receivable+advance money+stock+money-capital; Accounts receivable=notes receivable+net account receivable+receivable subsidy; Advance money=advance money; Stock=stock+prepaid and deferred expenses; Money-capital=current liability total value * minimum cash ratio; Current liability=accounts payable+Deposit received; Accounts payable=notes payable+accounts payable+accrued payroll+Welfare payable+taxes due; Deposit received=Deposit received; Circulating capital=floating assets-current liability.
(3) average turnover period for floating capital and other take index, according to circulating capital statistics and current capital estimation radix, calculate that the turnover time of circulating funds or other take index, with " current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics table " expression, each section's purpose turnover time of circulating funds is calculated as follows in the table---Days Sales Outstanding (day)=360 * accounts receivable on average/operating cost; The advance money turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * advance money is average/starting material fuel; The inventory turnover fate (my god)=360 * stock is average/operating cost; The money-capital turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * money-capital is average/the current liability total value; Days Payable Outstanding (my god)=360 * accounts payable is average/the starting material fuels and energy; The Deposit received turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * Deposit received is average/income.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: described current capital estimation index also comprises circulating capital accounting index, promptly circulating capital accounts for operating cost ratio (%)=circulating capital/operating cost * 100; Circulating capital accounts for sales revenue ratio (%)=circulating capital/sales revenue * 100; The index of reflection circulating capital fluctuating range is the busy season to adjust coefficient=Max (every month circulating capital/average flow fund); Described measuring and calculating current capital estimation basis comprises, operating cost=upward annual operating cost * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Starting material fuel=last year starting material fuel * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Current liability total value=last year current liability total value * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Starting material fuels and energy=last year starting material fuels and energy * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Operation revenue=upward annual revenue * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Described current capital estimation comprises accounts receivable=operating cost * Days Sales Outstanding/360; Advance money=starting material * advance money the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Stock=operating cost * inventory turnover fate/360; Money-capital=current liability total value * money-capital the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Accounts payable=starting material fuels and energy * Days Payable Outstanding/360; Deposit received=income * Deposit received the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Floating assets=accounts receivable+advance money+stock+money-capital; Current liability=accounts payable+Deposit received; Circulating capital=floating assets-current liability by turnover time of circulating funds estimation; Circulating capital=operating cost * circulating capital in the estimation of operating cost ratio accounts for operating cost ratio/100; Account for sales revenue ratio/100 in the circulating capital=income * circulating capital of selling the estimation of income ratio; Circulating capital average requirement=(in the circulating capital of turnover time of circulating funds estimation+)/3 by the circulating capital of the circulating capital of operating cost ratio estimation+estimate by sale income ratio; Described circulating capital maximum demand volume is calculated as: circulating capital maximum demand=circulating capital average requirement * busy season is adjusted coefficient.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: the 4. described loan repayment capacity evaluation of step comprises: the loan repay ability evaluation index comprises, i.e. the rate of return on total investment, cash ratio, payment of debts provision rate, liquidity rate, current rate; The loan repay ability interpretational criteria comprises, i.e. the rate of return on total investment 〉=base earnings ratio; Liquidity rate 〉=minimum liquidity rate; Current rate 〉=minimum current rate; Cash ratio 〉=minimum cash ratio; Payment of debts provision rate 〉=100; The loan repay ability evaluation criterion comprises, the rate of return on total investment, i.e. base earnings ratio; Liquidity rate, promptly minimum liquidity rate; Current rate, promptly minimum current rate; Cash ratio, promptly minimum cash ratio; Payment of debts provision rate, promptly 100; Calculate the loan repay ability evaluation index.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: the described rate of return on total investment=(net profit+financial expense) * 100/ gross investment; Liquidity rate=floating assets * 100/ current liability; Current rate=(floating assets-stock) * 100/ current liability; Cash ratio=money-capital * 100/ current liability; Payment of debts provision rate=business activities net cash flow * 100/ (should go back capital+various interest expense this year).
Again further, above-mentioned a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, wherein: should go back capital=(long-term loan remaining sum+deal with engineering funds+other short-term borrowings)/long-term loan residue payback period described this year, and the long-term loan remaining sum, deal with engineering funds, other short-term borrowings are got enterprise financial report data at the beginning of the year.
The outstanding substantive distinguishing features and the obvious improvement of technical solution of the present invention is mainly reflected in: from four aspects such as customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan, loan repayment capacity, the evaluation decision model of thoroughly evaluating loan of operating fund risk.Model constitutes a complete method system by evaluation index, interpretational criteria, evaluation criterion, index calculating etc.Be applied to bank liquidity loan research and appraisal software, can realize the loan of operating fund evaluation, for the bank loan decision-making provides scientific basis with the most rigorous thinking, the shortest time, computing the most easily.
Description of drawings
Purpose of the present invention, advantage and characteristics will illustrate by the non-limitative illustration of following preferred embodiment and explain.These embodiment only are the prominent examples of using technical solution of the present invention, and all technical schemes of taking to be equal to replacement or equivalent transformation and forming all drop within the scope of protection of present invention.In the middle of these accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a software module organigram of using this loan of operating fund research and appraisal method;
Fig. 2 is a financial data financial data module diagram;
Fig. 3 is the data module synoptic diagram that demand for loan is estimated.
Embodiment
A kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, its unusual part is: relate to customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan, four aspects of loan repayment capacity, each aspect is provided with evaluation index, interpretational criteria and evaluation criterion respectively, promptly calculate " evaluation index " or " evaluation criterion " of each aspect respectively, judgement is made in utilization " interpretational criteria ", at last loan application is made " comprehensive evaluation ", have only four aspects qualified loan applications of while just can go through, and may further comprise the steps: 1. step obtains customer evaluation; 2. step obtains the credit evaluation; 3. step obtains the demand for loan evaluation; 4. step obtains the loan repayment capacity evaluation; Step 5., comprehensive customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan evaluation, loan repayment capacity evaluation obtain comprehensive evaluation.
Specifically, the 1. described customer evaluation of step comprises---the customer evaluation index, i.e. and credit rating, credit rating is divided into 5 at least, is AAA, AA, A, B, C is provided with numerical ceiling at the Default Probability of each grade correspondence; The customer evaluation criterion: according to credit grade the client is divided into main loan client, provide a loan client, credit squeeze client three classes cautiously, the client that promptly mainly provides a loan comprises credit grade AAA, AA, the client of A; Prudent loan client comprises the client of credit grade B; The credit squeeze client comprises the client of credit grade C.
The 2. described credit evaluation of step comprises, accrediting amount index, the promptly available accrediting amount; Accrediting amount criterion, i.e. apply for loan volume≤available accrediting amount; Accrediting amount evaluation criterion, the promptly available accrediting amount; Calculate the available accrediting amount; The described available accrediting amount=beginning of the year, the accrediting amount-one's own profession credit remaining sum+this monthly plan was repaid loan of operating fund at present.
The 3. described demand for loan evaluation of step comprises, demand for loan index, i.e. this loan of operating fund limit; Demand for loan interpretational criteria, i.e. apply for loan volume≤this loan of operating fund limit; Demand for loan evaluation criterion, i.e. this loan of operating fund limit; Calculate this loan of operating fund limit; Described this loan of operating fund limit=circulating capital maximum demand volume * loan of operating fund maximum ratio/100-beginning this month loan of operating fund remaining sum+this monthly plan is repaid loan of operating fund; This loan of operating fund limit of described calculating needs to calculate circulating capital maximum demand volume earlier, comprising: the current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics; Measuring and calculating current capital estimation basis; Current capital estimation; Circulating capital maximum demand volume calculates.
Further, described current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics comprises: (1) floating assets and current liability statistics, promptly collect enterprise's balance sheet of 12 months last year, one of list " floating assets and current liability statistical form ", calculate 12 monthly average values, the column formation includes but not limited to that following subject---floating assets comprise in the table: total current assets, money-capital, liquid investment, notes receivable, dividend receivable, interest receivable, accounts receivable, subtract provision for bad debts, net account receivable, advance money, receivable subsidy, accounts receivable-others, stock, prepaid and deferred expenses; Current liability comprises: current liability total value, short-term borrowing, notes payable, accounts payable, Deposit received, other accounts payables, accrued payroll, Welfare payable, dividend payable, taxes due, other.
(2) circulating capital mean value, floating assets and the relevant subject of current liability are merged classification, increase the circulating capital column, with " circulating capital statistical form " expression, the column of " circulating capital statistical form " is as follows with the relevant subject corresponding relation of " floating assets and current liability statistical form "---floating assets=accounts receivable+advance money+stock+money-capital; Accounts receivable=notes receivable+net account receivable+receivable subsidy; Advance money=advance money; Stock=stock+prepaid and deferred expenses; Money-capital=current liability total value * minimum cash ratio; Current liability=accounts payable+Deposit received; Accounts payable=notes payable+accounts payable+accrued payroll+Welfare payable+taxes due; Deposit received=Deposit received; Circulating capital=floating assets-current liability.
(3) average turnover period for floating capital and other take index, according to circulating capital statistics and current capital estimation radix, calculate that the turnover time of circulating funds or other take index, with " current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics table " expression, each section's purpose turnover time of circulating funds is calculated as follows in the table---Days Sales Outstanding (day)=360 * accounts receivable on average/operating cost; The advance money turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * advance money is average/starting material fuel; The inventory turnover fate (my god)=360 * stock is average/operating cost; The money-capital turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * money-capital is average/the current liability total value; Days Payable Outstanding (my god)=360 * accounts payable is average/the starting material fuels and energy; The Deposit received turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * Deposit received is average/income.
Further combined with the present invention's one preferred implementation, the current capital estimation index also comprises circulating capital accounting index again, and promptly circulating capital accounts for operating cost ratio (%)=circulating capital/operating cost * 100; Circulating capital accounts for sales revenue ratio (%)=circulating capital/sales revenue * 100; The index of reflection circulating capital fluctuating range is the busy season to adjust coefficient=Max (every month circulating capital/average flow fund).Measuring and calculating current capital estimation basis comprises, operating cost=upward annual operating cost * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Starting material fuel=last year starting material fuel * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Current liability total value=last year current liability total value * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Starting material fuels and energy=last year starting material fuels and energy * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Operation revenue=upward annual revenue * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year.Current capital estimation comprises accounts receivable=operating cost * Days Sales Outstanding/360; Advance money=starting material * advance money the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Stock=operating cost * inventory turnover fate/360; Money-capital=current liability total value * money-capital the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Accounts payable=starting material fuels and energy * Days Payable Outstanding/360; Deposit received=income * Deposit received the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Floating assets=accounts receivable+advance money+stock+money-capital; Current liability=accounts payable+Deposit received; Circulating capital=floating assets-current liability by turnover time of circulating funds estimation; Circulating capital=operating cost * circulating capital in the estimation of operating cost ratio accounts for operating cost ratio/100; Account for sales revenue ratio/100 in the circulating capital=income * circulating capital of selling the estimation of income ratio; Circulating capital average requirement=(in the circulating capital of turnover time of circulating funds estimation+)/3 by the circulating capital of the circulating capital of operating cost ratio estimation+estimate by sale income ratio; Circulating capital maximum demand volume is calculated as: circulating capital maximum demand=circulating capital average requirement * busy season is adjusted coefficient.
And the loan repayment capacity evaluation comprises: the loan repay ability evaluation index comprises, i.e. the rate of return on total investment, cash ratio, payment of debts provision rate, liquidity rate, current rate; The loan repay ability interpretational criteria comprises, i.e. the rate of return on total investment 〉=base earnings ratio (statistics obtains boundary value); Liquidity rate 〉=minimum liquidity rate (statistics obtains boundary value); Current rate 〉=minimum current rate (statistics obtains boundary value); Cash ratio 〉=minimum cash ratio (statistics obtains boundary value); Payment of debts provision rate 〉=100; The loan repay ability evaluation criterion comprises, the rate of return on total investment, i.e. base earnings ratio (statistics obtains boundary value); Liquidity rate, promptly minimum liquidity rate (statistics obtains boundary value); Current rate, promptly minimum current rate (statistics obtains boundary value); Cash ratio, promptly minimum cash ratio (statistics obtains boundary value); Payment of debts provision rate, promptly 100; Calculate the loan repay ability evaluation index.
Specifically, the rate of return on total investment=(net profit+financial expense) * 100/ gross investment; Liquidity rate=floating assets * 100/ current liability; Current rate=(floating assets-stock) * 100/ current liability; Cash ratio=money-capital * 100/ current liability; Payment of debts provision rate=business activities net cash flow * 100/ (should go back capital+various interest expense this year).Should go back capital=(long-term loan remaining sum+deal with engineering funds+other short-term borrowings)/long-term loan residue payback period this year, and the long-term loan remaining sum, deal with engineering funds, other short-term borrowings are got enterprise financial report data at the beginning of the year.
As shown in Figure 1, be the software function module synoptic diagram that the present invention is applied to enterprise's loan assessment software, comprise customer account management 11, file management 12, financial data 13, customer evaluation 14, credit evaluation 15, demand for loan evaluation 16, loan repayment capacity evaluation 17, comprehensive evaluation 18, generate report 19.In conjunction with actual software operation, at first operate customer account management 11, set up a customer profile, or choose a client; Operation file management 12, the name of setting up or open a file, each loan (loan agreement) name of creating a file; Then operate financial data 13, the financial data that input is necessary.As shown in Figure 2, operation customer evaluation 14 can directly utilize bank client grading achievement, judges that the client is good and bad and whether belongs to main prospective borrower; The operation credit estimates 15, can directly utilize the bank client accrediting amount, and whether estimate this available amount of providing a loan enough; The operation demand for loan estimates 16, judges whether the loan application volume exceeds needs, because, exceeding needs and may cause the intended use of the loan to change, this module operation step is more.As shown in Figure 3, the operation loan repayment capacity estimates 17, comprises the calculating evaluation index, and the contrast evaluation criterion is made judgement.Then, operation comprehensive evaluation 18 to the evaluation of four aspects, to whether offering a loan according to the application volume, is made comprehensive judgement.At last, operation generates report 19, generates appraisal report.
As shown in Figure 2, estimate the financial data that needs to collect enterprise, content comprises balance sheet 131, profit statement 132, cash flow statement 133, operating cost statistical form 134, floating assets and current liability statistics 135.See table 1～table 5 for details.
Balance sheet
Table 1
| Sequence number | Project name | 200612[in the year before last] | 200712[last year] | The 200806[current period] |
| 1 | Assets | 2383869861.06 | 4932692164.90 | 6238070381.93 |
| 1.1 | Total current assets | 1103923461.54 | 2259273457.32 | 3322621756.89 |
| 1.1.1 | Money-capital | 429592027.71 | 1354970157.29 | 1824865856.76 |
| 1.1.2 | Liquid investment | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.3 | Notes receivable | 73069251.84 | 75328252.32 | 189887624.67 |
| 1.1.4 | Dividend receivable | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.5 | Interest receivable | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.6 | Accounts receivable | 56093180.61 | 30325725.32 | 91691178.10 |
| 1.1.7 | Subtract provision for bad debts | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.8 | Net account receivable | 56093180.61 | 30325725.32 | 91691178.10 |
| Sequence number | Project name | 200612[in the year before last] | 200712[last year] | The 200806[current period] |
| 1.1.9 | Advance money | 175746458.50 | 355242258.35 | 600325145.45 |
| 1.1.10 | Receivable subsidy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.11 | Accounts receivable-others | 20121793.14 | 3856725.38 | 5634746.75 |
| 1.1.12 | Stock | 349075829.86 | 439367252.54 | 609524621.24 |
| 1.1.13 | Prepaid and deferred expenses | 224919.88 | 183086.12 | 692583.92 |
| 1.1.14 | Pending floating assets net loss | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.15 | The long-term claims investment of current | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.16 | Other current assets | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.2 | Longterm investment | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.2.1 | Long-term Share Investment | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.2.2 | The long-term claims investment | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.3 | Capital assets | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.3.1 | Original value of fixed assets | 1232241379.93 | 2252334842.83 | 2744709676.46 |
| 1.3.2 | Subtract: accumulated depreciation | 214680684.18 | 320310877.10 | 433796259.74 |
| 1.3.3 | Net fixed assets | 1017560695.75 | 1932023965.73 | 2310913416.72 |
| 1.3.4 | Subtract: the capital assets depreciation is prepared | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.3.5 | Net fixed assets | 1017560695.75 | 1932023965.73 | 2310913416.72 |
| 1.3.6 | The engineering goods and materials | 9692921.90 | 5028334.40 | 4936312.41 |
| 1.3.7 | Construction work in progress | 248886669.61 | 733495848.57 | 597412332.77 |
| 1.3.8 | Fixed assets in liquidation | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.3.9 | Total of fixed asset | 1276140287.26 | 2670548148.70 | 2913262061.90 |
| 1.4 | Intangible asset and other assets | 3806112.26 | 2870558.88 | 2186563.14 |
| 1.4.1 | Intangible asset | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.4.2 | Deferred assets | 3806112.26 | 2870558.88 | 2186563.14 |
| 1.4.3 | Other long term assets | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.5 | Deferral taxes | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.5.1 | Deferred assets debits | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2 | Be in debt and owner's equity | 2383869861.06 | 4932692164.90 | 6238070381.93 |
| 2.1 | The current liability total value | 917002613.14 | 2152173102.76 | 3329645712.51 |
| 2.1.1 | Short-term borrowing | 525651245.00 | 1233111986.35 | 1774205766.68 |
| Sequence number | Project name | 200612[in the year before last] | 200712[last year] | The 200806[current period] |
| 2.1.2 | Notes payable | 227660000.00 | 599630000.00 | 1207784214.00 |
| 2.1.3 | Accounts payable | 134662329.48 | 292901730.19 | 326193574.04 |
| 2.1.4 | Deposit received | 6553148.51 | 3105182.30 | 2115325.06 |
| 2.1.5 | Other accounts payables | 8427803.50 | 2922796.48 | 3737024.84 |
| 2.1.6 | Accrued payroll | 3015044.42 | 7125245.65 | 8479274.81 |
| 2.1.7 | Welfare payable | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.1.8 | Dividend payable | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.1.9 | Taxes due | 8283936.58 | 8360964.14 | 4162870.69 |
| 2.1.10 | The long-term liability of current | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.1.11 | Other | 2749105.65 | 5015197.65 | 2967662.39 |
| 2.2 | Long-term liability | 375563585.00 | 1371717100.13 | 1077376326.00 |
| 2.2.1 | Long-term loan | 375563585.00 | 1371717100.13 | 1077376326.00 |
| 2.2.2 | Bonds payable | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.2.3 | Long-term payables | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.2.4 | The house operating fund | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.2.5 | Other long term liabilities | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.3 | Deferred taxation credit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.4 | Total liabilities | 1292566198.14 | 3523890202.89 | 4407022038.51 |
| 2.5 | Owner's equity | 1091303662.92 | 1408801962.01 | 1831048343.42 |
| 2.5.1 | Paid in capital [capital stock] | 810796079.59 | 930377622.93 | 1169227610.09 |
| 2.5.2 | Capital surplus | 1585868.17 | 1526202.57 | 1595905.14 |
| 2.5.3 | Surplus reserves | 77004298.33 | 125514771.82 | 214604161.43 |
| 2.5.4 | The arbitrary common reserve fund gold | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2.5.5 | Undistributed profit | 201917416.83 | 351383364.69 | 445620666.76 |
Profit statement
Table 2
Cash flow statement
Table 3
The operating cost statistical form
Table 4
| Sequence number | Project name | 200612[in the year before last] | 200712[last year] |
| 1 | Production cost | 1528712172.14 | 2765300732.07 |
| 1.1 | Purchased materials is taken | 1322819469.14 | 2314425325.15 |
| 1.2 | The outsourcing fuel cost | 36168093.00 | 41916771.00 |
| 1.3 | The outsourcing expenditure on power | 122467410.00 | 224906643.00 |
| 1.4 | Direct pay and welfare fund | 26427400.00 | 54433000.00 |
| 1.5 | Repairing expense and other manufacturing expenses | 20829800.00 | 23988800.00 |
| 1.6 | Depreciation cost | 0.00 | 105630192.92 |
| 2 | Managerial cost | 13252610.57 | 30928488.83 |
| 2.1 | Intangible asset and the amortization of other assets | 0.00 | 935553.38 |
| 2.2 | Other managerial cost | 13252610.57 | 29992935.45 |
| 3 | Financial expense | 51185315.83 | 60212829.49 |
| 4 | Operation cost | 41681332.48 | 83092396.92 |
| 5 | Total cost adds up to | 1634831431.02 | 2939534447.31 |
| 6 | Operating cost | 1583646115.19 | 2772755871.52 |
| 7 | Variable cost | 1481454972.14 | 2581248739.15 |
| 8 | Fixed cost | 153376458.88 | 358285708.16 |
Floating assets and current liability statistical form
Table 5
Floating assets and current liability statistical form
Continuous table 5
Floating assets and current liability statistical form
Continuous table 5
Wherein, customer evaluation 14 and credit estimate 15, can directly utilize the bank client grading and the accrediting amount to judge, certain bank is A to the credit grade of certain client's evaluation, so classify main loan client as; The available accrediting amount is 151,780,807.32 yuan, and 100,000,000 yuan of enterprise's apply for loan, apply for loan volume be less than the available accrediting amount, so that credit is evaluated as is feasible.Evaluation result is as shown in table 10.
Evaluation conclusion
Table 10
| Sequence number | Index name | Unit | Index | Evaluation conclusion |
| 1 | Credit rating of enterprise | A | According to this client's credit grade, put the client under main prospective borrower | |
| 2 | The application loan of operating fund amount of money | Unit | 100000000 | |
| 3 | This loan of operating fund limit | Unit | 238346343.84 | |
| 4 | The reasonable compliance of providing a loan | 138346343.84 | The apply for loan volume rationally closes rule, and reasonable compliance angle can be provided by application from providing a loan | |
| 5 | The credit remaining sum | Unit | 151780807.32 | |
| 6 | The credit examination | Unit | 0 | Credit remaining sum abundance is thought from the credit angle and can be satisfied this loan of operating fund application fully |
| 7 | The loan of operating fund ability of paying back | 0 | Every index all reaches or is higher than the industry minimum requirements, and short-term loan has enough debt paying abilities | |
| 8 | Payment of debts provision rate | ％ | 342.04 | Enterprise repays existing be in debt very capable |
| 9 | Comprehensive judgement | 0 | All evaluations such as customer evaluation, professional evaluation show that all this borrower is a top-tier customer, and loan rationally closes rule, belong to the high-quality loan, and suggestion is offered loans by the application amount |
As shown in Figure 3, be that 16 menu is estimated in the operation demand for loan, execution flows fund mean value 161, index of estimate statistics 162, current capital estimation 163, this basic credit line 164, obtain respectively as table 6 circulating capital last year statistical form, count average flow fund last year, table 7 circulating capital takies the indicator-specific statistics table, counts the last year circulating capital and takies index, table 8 current capital estimation table, with the statistical indicator of last year and this year production scale, estimate circulating capital maximum demand volume 1,812,552 in this year, 110.52 unit, calculating this loan of operating fund limit is 238,346,343.84 yuan.
Last year the circulating capital statistical form
Table 6
| Sequence number | Project | On average | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 1 | Floating assets | 1187165106.41 | 884772719.32 | 967497542.90 | 952117839.06 | 1053451807.49 |
| 1.1 | Accounts receivable | 136580947.37 | 153791839.18 | 156375031.93 | 145089309.33 | 153593561.57 |
| 1.2 | Advance money | 305456861.22 | 160493885.69 | 195930706.26 | 200729797.84 | 269947041.71 |
| 1.3 | Stock | 400596214.78 | 350965913.22 | 375742681.64 | 341993466.53 | 357451860.38 |
| 1.4 | Money-capital | 344531083.03 | 219521081.23 | 239449123.07 | 264305265.36 | 272459343.83 |
| 2 | Current liability | 634815614.31 | 438393737.96 | 517799042.67 | 529587586.05 | 561722842.32 |
| 2.1 | Accounts payable | 627877097.49 | 432933618.13 | 511195591.97 | 523629728.52 | 556005656.23 |
| 2.2 | Deposit received | 6938516.82 | 5460119.83 | 6603450.70 | 5957857.53 | 5717186.09 |
| 3 | Circulating capital | 552349492.09 | 446378981.36 | 449698500.23 | 422530253.01 | 491728965.17 |
Last year the circulating capital statistical form
Continuous table 6
| Sequence number | Project | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 1 | Floating assets | 1232108716.23 | 1195478023.81 | 1215567813.72 | 1293073876.67 |
| 1.1 | Accounts receivable | 157739429.70 | 108141950.55 | 114675639.27 | 122722620.67 |
| 1.2 | Advance money | 362123167.77 | 366509032.77 | 326787574.61 | 348828713.86 |
| 1.3 | Stock | 384057034.18 | 341345884.44 | 388813838.19 | 432361026.34 |
| 1.4 | Money-capital | 328189084.58 | 379481156.05 | 385290761.65 | 389161515.80 |
| 2 | Current liability | 548111898.32 | 656099020.33 | 597817129.86 | 608778634.98 |
| 2.1 | Accounts payable | 541637731.48 | 648953088.61 | 591634590.78 | 599588948.37 |
| 2.2 | Deposit received | 6474166.84 | 7145931.72 | 6182539.08 | 9189686.61 |
| 3 | Circulating capital | 683996817.91 | 539379003.48 | 617750683.86 | 684295241.69 |
Last year the circulating capital statistical form
Continuous table 6
| Sequence number | Project | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 1 | Floating assets | 1304473471.55 | 1446270181.40 | 1370288089.53 | 1330881195.20 |
| 1.1 | Accounts receivable | 142922818.75 | 151924485.63 | 126340704.25 | 105653977.64 |
| 1.2 | Advance money | 356789225.50 | 394568377.83 | 327532552.50 | 355242258.35 |
| 1.3 | Stock | 426582759.18 | 491942271.32 | 476347503.28 | 439550338.66 |
| 1.4 | Money-capital | 378178668.12 | 407835046.62 | 440067329.50 | 430434620.55 |
| 2 | Current liability | 567216391.91 | 782824423.85 | 898313541.22 | 911123122.28 |
| 2.1 | Accounts payable | 559984239.19 | 768033414.42 | 892910622.19 | 908017939.98 |
| 2.2 | Deposit received | 7232152.72 | 14791009.43 | 5402919.03 | 3105182.30 |
| 3 | Circulating capital | 737257079.64 | 663445757.55 | 471974548.31 | 419758072.92 |
Circulating capital takies the indicator-specific statistics table
Table 7
| Sequence number | Project name | Index | Floating assets/current liability | Title | The amount of money (unit) |
| One | The turnover time of circulating funds (my god) | ||||
| 1 | Floating assets | 1187165106.41 | 0.00 | ||
| 1.1 | Accounts receivable | 17.73 | 136580947.37 | Operating cost | 2772755871.52 |
| 1.2 | Advance money | 46.67 | 305456861.22 | Starting material fuel | 2356342096.15 |
| 1.3 | Stock | 52.01 | 400596214.78 | Operating cost | 2772755871.52 |
| 1.4 | Money-capital | 72.00 | 344531083.03 | The current liability total value | 1722655415.15 |
| 2 | Current liability | 634815614.31 | 0.00 | ||
| 2.1 | Accounts payable | 87.57 | 627877097.49 | The starting material fuels and energy | 2581248739.15 |
| 2.2 | Deposit received | 0.81 | 6938516.82 | Income | 3098221431.66 |
| 3 | Circulating capital | 552349492.09 | 0.00 | ||
| Two | Circulating capital accounts for operating cost ratio (%) | 19.92 | 552349492.09 | Operating cost | 2772755871.52 |
| Three | Circulating capital sales revenue ratio (%) | 17.83 | 552349492.09 | Sales revenue | 3098221431.66 |
| Four | Busy season is adjusted coefficient | 1.33 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
The current capital estimation table
Table 8
Be calculated as follows:
This loan of operating fund limit=circulating capital maximum demand volume * loan of operating fund maximum ratio/100-beginning this month loan of operating fund remaining sum+this monthly plan is repaid loan of operating fund.
Circulating capital maximum demand volume 1 in the formula, 812,552,110.52, the loan of operating fund maximum ratio is by 100%, this month,, initial loan of operating fund remaining sum 1 balance sheet earlier this month (200806) short-term borrowing of tabling look-up was 1,774,205,766.68, this monthly plan is repaid loan of operating fund 200,000,000.This loan of operating fund limit that the substitution following formula calculates is 238,346,343.84 yuan, and is as described in Table 10, because of this loan of operating fund application volume is 100,000,000, less than basic credit line, judges that conclusion is for rationally closing rule.
The financial data that provides according to table 1～table 5, calculate ability of paying back index such as table 9, cash ratio is 0.68, liquidity rate=1.05, evaluation criterion is formulated according to certain bank in current rate=0.85, cash ratio=0.2, liquidity rate=1.0, current rate=0.6 is so judge the short-term borrowing loan worthy.The payment of debts provision rate of calculating 324.63% is greater than 100%, so think also loan worthy of long-term loan.
Comprehensive evaluation, as described in Table 10, all evaluations such as customer evaluation, professional evaluation show that all this borrower is a top-tier customer, and loan rationally closes rule, belongs to the high-quality loan, and suggestion is offered loans by the application amount.
By above-mentioned character express also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as can be seen, behind employing the present invention, from four aspects such as customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan, loan repayment capacity, the evaluation decision model of thoroughly evaluating loan of operating fund risk.Model constitutes a complete method system by evaluation index, interpretational criteria, evaluation criterion, index calculating etc.Be applied to bank liquidity loan research and appraisal software, can realize the loan of operating fund evaluation, for the bank loan decision-making provides scientific basis with the most rigorous thinking, the shortest time, computing the most easily.
Claims (9)
1. loan of operating fund research and appraisal method, it is characterized in that: relate to customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan, four aspects of loan repayment capacity, each aspect is provided with evaluation index, interpretational criteria and evaluation criterion respectively, promptly calculate " evaluation index " or " evaluation criterion " of each aspect respectively, judgement is made in utilization " interpretational criteria ", at last loan application is made " comprehensive evaluation ", have only four aspects qualified loan applications of while just can go through, and may further comprise the steps:
1. step obtains customer evaluation;
2. step obtains the credit evaluation;
3. step obtains the demand for loan evaluation;
4. step obtains the loan repayment capacity evaluation;
Step 5., comprehensive customer evaluation, credit evaluation, demand for loan evaluation, loan repayment capacity evaluation obtain comprehensive evaluation.
2. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the 1. described customer evaluation of step comprises---
The customer evaluation index, i.e. credit rating, credit rating is divided into 5 at least, is AAA, AA, A, B, C is provided with numerical ceiling at the Default Probability of each grade correspondence;
The customer evaluation criterion: according to credit grade the client is divided into main loan client, provide a loan client, credit squeeze client three classes cautiously, the client that promptly mainly provides a loan comprises credit grade AAA, AA, the client of A; Prudent loan client comprises the client of credit grade B; The credit squeeze client comprises the client of credit grade C.
3. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the 2. described credit evaluation of step comprises, accrediting amount index, the promptly available accrediting amount; Accrediting amount criterion, i.e. apply for loan volume≤available accrediting amount; Accrediting amount evaluation criterion, the promptly available accrediting amount; Calculate the available accrediting amount; The described available accrediting amount=beginning of the year, the accrediting amount-one's own profession credit remaining sum+this monthly plan was repaid loan of operating fund at present.
4. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the 3. described demand for loan evaluation of step comprises, demand for loan index, i.e. this loan of operating fund limit; Demand for loan interpretational criteria, i.e. apply for loan volume≤this loan of operating fund limit; Demand for loan evaluation criterion, i.e. this loan of operating fund limit; Calculate this loan of operating fund limit; Described this loan of operating fund limit=circulating capital maximum demand volume * loan of operating fund maximum ratio/100-beginning this month loan of operating fund remaining sum+this monthly plan is repaid loan of operating fund; This loan of operating fund limit of described calculating needs to calculate circulating capital maximum demand volume earlier, comprising: the current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics; Measuring and calculating current capital estimation basis; Current capital estimation; Circulating capital maximum demand volume calculates.
5. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics comprises:
(1) floating assets and current liability statistics, promptly collect enterprise's balance sheet of 12 months last year, one of list " floating assets and current liability statistical form ", calculate 12 monthly average values, column constitutes and to include but not limited to that following subject---floating assets comprise in the table: total current assets, money-capital, liquid investment, notes receivable, dividend receivable, interest receivable, accounts receivable, subtract provision for bad debts, net account receivable, advance money, receivable subsidy, accounts receivable-others, stock, prepaid and deferred expenses; Current liability comprises: current liability total value, short-term borrowing, notes payable, accounts payable, Deposit received, other accounts payables, accrued payroll, Welfare payable, dividend payable, taxes due, other.
(2) circulating capital mean value, floating assets and the relevant subject of current liability are merged classification, increase the circulating capital column, with " circulating capital statistical form " expression, the column of " circulating capital statistical form " is as follows with the relevant subject corresponding relation of " floating assets and current liability statistical form "---floating assets=accounts receivable+advance money+stock+money-capital; Accounts receivable=notes receivable+net account receivable+receivable subsidy; Advance money=advance money; Stock=stock+prepaid and deferred expenses; Money-capital=current liability total value * minimum cash ratio; Current liability=accounts payable+Deposit received; Accounts payable=notes payable+accounts payable+accrued payroll+Welfare payable+taxes due; Deposit received=Deposit received; Circulating capital=floating assets-current liability.
(3) average turnover period for floating capital and other take index, according to circulating capital statistics and current capital estimation radix, calculate that the turnover time of circulating funds or other take index, with " current capital estimation indicator-specific statistics table " expression, each section's purpose turnover time of circulating funds is calculated as follows in the table---Days Sales Outstanding (day)=360 * accounts receivable on average/operating cost; The advance money turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * advance money is average/starting material fuel; The inventory turnover fate (my god)=360 * stock is average/operating cost; The money-capital turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * money-capital is average/the current liability total value; Days Payable Outstanding (my god)=360 * accounts payable is average/the starting material fuels and energy; The Deposit received turnover time of circulating funds (my god)=360 * Deposit received is average/income.
6. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described current capital estimation index also comprises circulating capital accounting index, and promptly circulating capital accounts for operating cost ratio (%)=circulating capital/operating cost * 100; Circulating capital accounts for sales revenue ratio (%)=circulating capital/sales revenue * 100; The index of reflection circulating capital fluctuating range is the busy season to adjust coefficient=Max (every month circulating capital/average flow fund); Described measuring and calculating current capital estimation basis comprises, operating cost=upward annual operating cost * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Starting material fuel=last year starting material fuel * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Current liability total value=last year current liability total value * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Starting material fuels and energy=last year starting material fuels and energy * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Operation revenue=upward annual revenue * this yearly plan main business income/main business income net amount last year; Described current capital estimation comprises accounts receivable=operating cost * Days Sales Outstanding/360; Advance money=starting material * advance money the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Stock=operating cost * inventory turnover fate/360; Money-capital=current liability total value * money-capital the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Accounts payable=starting material fuels and energy * Days Payable Outstanding/360; Deposit received=income * Deposit received the turnover time of circulating funds/360; Floating assets=accounts receivable+advance money+stock+money-capital; Current liability=accounts payable+Deposit received; Circulating capital=floating assets-current liability by turnover time of circulating funds estimation; Circulating capital=operating cost * circulating capital in the estimation of operating cost ratio accounts for operating cost ratio/100; Account for sales revenue ratio/100 in the circulating capital=income * circulating capital of selling the estimation of income ratio; Circulating capital average requirement=(in the circulating capital of turnover time of circulating funds estimation+)/3 by the circulating capital of the circulating capital of operating cost ratio estimation+estimate by sale income ratio; Described circulating capital maximum demand volume is calculated as: circulating capital maximum demand=circulating capital average requirement * busy season is adjusted coefficient.
7. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the 4. described loan repayment capacity evaluation of step comprises: the loan repay ability evaluation index comprises, i.e. the rate of return on total investment, cash ratio, payment of debts provision rate, liquidity rate, current rate; The loan repay ability interpretational criteria comprises, i.e. the rate of return on total investment 〉=base earnings ratio; Liquidity rate 〉=minimum liquidity rate; Current rate 〉=minimum current rate; Cash ratio 〉=minimum cash ratio; Payment of debts provision rate 〉=100; The loan repay ability evaluation criterion comprises, the rate of return on total investment, i.e. base earnings ratio; Liquidity rate, promptly minimum liquidity rate; Current rate, promptly minimum current rate; Cash ratio, promptly minimum cash ratio; Payment of debts provision rate, promptly 100; Calculate the loan repay ability evaluation index.
8. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the described rate of return on total investment=(net profit+financial expense) * 100/ gross investment; Liquidity rate=floating assets * 100/ current liability; Current rate=(floating assets-stock) * 100/ current liability; Cash ratio=money-capital * 100/ current liability; Payment of debts provision rate=business activities net cash flow * 100/ (should go back capital+various interest expense this year).
9. a kind of loan of operating fund research and appraisal method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: should go back capital=(long-term loan remaining sum+deal with engineering funds+other short-term borrowings)/long-term loan residue payback period described this year, and the long-term loan remaining sum, deal with engineering funds, other short-term borrowings are got enterprise financial report data at the beginning of the year.
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Application publication date: 20110525 |