The label detecting of ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader and load dynamic optimization method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrahigh frequency RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, radio-frequency (RF) identification) read write line, particularly relate to a kind of label detecting and load dynamic optimization method of ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader.
Background technology
REID is to utilize wireless radio frequency mode to carry out contactless two-way communication, to reach the purpose of recognition objective and swap data, realizes the automatic identification of various objects under different conditions and a kind of technology of management; It has characteristics such as volume is little, capacity is big, the life-span is long, reusable, can support fast reading and writing, non-visual recognition, mobile identification, multiple goal identification, location and long-term follow management, therefore all have huge market in fields such as logistics, manufacturing, retails.The frequency of operation of ultrahigh frequency RFID is between 860MHz~960MHz, during work, radio-frequency (RF) tag is positioned at the far-field region of reader (or read write line) radiation field of aerial, coupling scheme between label and the reader are the electromagnetic coupled mode, the reader antenna radiation field provides radio-frequency (RF) energy for passive label, and passive label is waken up, and corresponding radio-frequency recognition system reading distance is generally greater than 1 meter, typical case is 4 meters~6 meters, and maximum can reach more than 10 meters; The ultrahigh frequency reach is wide, the transmission data speed is fast, but they relatively consume energy, penetration power a little less than, can not there be too many interference the operating area, the ultrahigh frequency label has been widely used in that rolling stock is discerned automatically, container identification, also can be used for road vehicle identification and fields such as charge automatically, supply chain management, asset management.Could carry out communication with it must for during ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader work the passive label charging in the aerial radiation scope, therefore, the power consumption of ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader is generally all very high, and radio-frequency front-end (especially power amplification circuit) is a power consumption the best part in the whole read write line, and we account for the ratio of whole read write line working time with working time of power amplification circuit and are referred to as " load " in the present invention; It is big more to load, and the read write line Card Reader time is long more, and recognition efficiency is high more; Otherwise it is more little to load, and the read write line Card Reader time is short more, and recognition efficiency is low more.
Ultra-high frequency RFID technology is the RFID technology that China relevant departments and expert pay close attention to most, the research of relevant ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader at present mainly concentrates on aspects such as modulation-demodulation technique, multiple labels anti-collision technology, the anti-collision technology of many read write lines, and for the research of load dynamic optimization aspect seldom; From present on the market read write line product, be to adopt the mode of firm demand to distribute the Card Reader working time of read write line basically, comprise dual mode: first kind of mode is that read write line has just been fixed a radio-frequency front-end time of having a rest when dispatching from the factory; The second way is that the user can be provided with the time of having a rest of radio-frequency front-end (as 10ms, 30ms or other times when disposing read write line, general minimum value of setting is 10ms), after in a single day the user sets the time in essence, read write line is loaded still fixing in operational process, its principle of work is: read write line scans the label in each work antenna range successively, have a rest then a regular time, carry out scan round next time again, until receive till the halt instruction.
Existing read write line firm demand working method has following shortcoming: 1, load distribution is unreasonable: because in use, no matter in the aerial radiation scope whether label is arranged, all adopt firm demand work, the antenna Card Reader time that causes not having label is oversize, the waste energy; If it is too little that load is provided with, the effect of identification label is bad, and is too big if load is provided with, and the power amplification circuit that works long hours heating is too big, and read write line stability will descend; 2, tag recognition efficient is low: may produce the antenna Card Reader overlong time of no label and lose time, have the antenna of label to wait for the Card Reader overlong time, tag recognition efficient is low; 3, the site environment adaptive faculty is poor: the user need dispose rational breaktime parameter at field condition, too high to technical requirements of users, and when many allocating antennas, be difficult to find a reasonable parameter, can not adapt to various work on the spot environment effectively.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of label detecting and load dynamic optimization method of ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader, it overcomes the deficiency of existing read write line firm demand working method, whether it is by having label to have to come the load distribution of dynamic optimization read write line in the detecting aerial radiation scope, thereby improve the tag recognition efficient in each antenna range, dynamically adapt to the work on the spot environment, reduce the technical difficulty of disposing read write line.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical matters by following technical proposals: a kind of label detecting of ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader and load dynamic optimization method, it is characterized in that, ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader comprises antenna and power amplification circuit, ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader is the interior label of scanning antenna scope successively, and this method may further comprise the steps:
S1, initialization ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader and duty: day wire size be M, continuously read aerial radiation scope interior label be zero number of times the time of having a rest of read write line is T1 when being N, no label, the time of having a rest of tag read-write equipment is arranged is T2, and T1 is greater than T2; Be provided with that original state is no label in each aerial radiation scope, current scanning antenna is number for m and since an antenna scanning, M, N and m are positive integer, T1 and T2 be positive number and unit for millisecond;
S2 selects the m antenna, judges in the m aerial radiation scope whether label is arranged, if then enter step S5; If otherwise enter step S3;
S3, the detecting of m aerial radiation scope interior label is handled;
S4 judges once more in the m aerial radiation scope according to the result of step S3 whether label is arranged; If then enter step S5, carry out a m aerial radiation scope interior label identification immediately and handle, improve the recognition efficiency of this aerial radiation scope interior label; If otherwise enter step S8;
S5, the identification of m aerial radiation scope interior label is handled, and opens power amplification circuit, select command is sent out in time-delay, and querying command is sent out in time-delay, requires to finish m antenna multiple labels anti-collision and handles, discern all labels in this aerial radiation scope, close power amplification circuit behind the end of identification;
S6 judges in the m antenna range whether non-zero of reading tag number according to the result of step S5, if then the m antenna condition enters step S8 for label is arranged, if otherwise enter step S7;
S7 judges whether N continuous time reading tag number is zero in the m aerial radiation scope, if then the m antenna condition is no label; If otherwise the m antenna condition is for there being label;
S8 judges whether to scan last number antenna, if otherwise select next number antenna; If then judge whether to be no label to the m antenna condition from an antenna, if then the time of Xiu Xiing be T1, if otherwise the time of having a rest be T2, select an antenna scanning then;
S9 judges whether it is halt instruction, if then finish; If begin to circulate once more, up to receiving that halt instruction finishes otherwise enter step S2.
Preferably, the detecting of the m aerial radiation scope interior label of described step S3 is handled and specifically be may further comprise the steps, and S3.1 opens power amplification circuit; S3.2, time-delay is sent out select command to label after charging a period of time, selects all labels in the aerial radiation scope; S3.3 requires time-delay to send out query statement again, and query statement allows the groove Counter Value of all labels be zero; S3.4 is because the groove Counter Value of all labels is zero, so all labels in the aerial radiation scope are all with the random number message response read write line query statement of a sixteen bit; S3.5, read write line receives the random number response message that label returns a sixteen bit, upgrades the detecting tag state according to the preamble and the data characteristics of message, this antenna condition has been updated to label if the message waveform character satisfies agreement, otherwise is no label; S3.6 closes power amplification circuit.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is: 1, load distribution dynamic optimization: adopt the label detecting treatment scheme of short time, the work of employing underload (extended break) state in the antenna range during no label; There is label to adopt long-time complicated tag recognition treatment scheme in the antenna range, adopts high load capacity (short time rest) state work; Thereby make load distribution dynamically reasonable, be beneficial to the long-term stable operation of read write line; 2, tag recognition efficient height: handle if detect the tag recognition that in the aerial radiation scope label is arranged then carry out immediately in this aerial radiation scope, read out label fast, as long as read number of tags is non-zero, directly carry out tag recognition when read next time and handle, if do not have label then carry out the label detecting and handle; 3, dynamically adapting site environment: the user does not need to understand that relevant professional knowledge just can use, and read write line oneself can dynamically adapt to various work on the spot environment, has reduced the technical difficulty of deployment read write line.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the label detecting of ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader of the present invention and the process flow diagram of load dynamic optimization method.
The process flow diagram that Fig. 2 handles for the detecting of the label among the present invention.
Fig. 3 arrives the symbol of read write line FM0 coding and the synoptic diagram of sequence for label.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of label to read write line FM0 preamble.
Fig. 5 for label to the post a letter synoptic diagram of end mark of read write line FM0.
Fig. 6 is the waveform synoptic diagram of label to read write line RN16 message structure.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of four each antenna of antenna read write line when all not having label.
The read write line time was distributed synoptic diagram when Fig. 8 implemented situation for Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of four antenna reading and writing device antennas 1 when label is arranged.
The read write line time was distributed synoptic diagram when Figure 10 implemented situation for Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is four antenna reading and writing device antennas 1 and antenna 3 synoptic diagram when label is arranged.
The read write line time was distributed synoptic diagram when Figure 12 implemented situation for Figure 11.
Embodiment
Is that example specifically describe embodiments of the present invention with ISO 18000-6C (a kind of super high frequency radio frequency identification international standard protocol) agreement in conjunction with four antenna read write lines below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader comprises Base-Band Processing and radio-frequency front-end two large divisions, radio-frequency front-end generally comprises the radio-frequency transmissions circuit, radio-frequency (RF) receiving circuit and antenna, the radio-frequency transmissions circuit comprises power amplification circuit, antenna comprises antenna switching circuit and antenna connection terminal mouth, ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader is the interior label of scanning antenna scope successively, as shown in Figure 1, the label of ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader of the present invention detecting and load dynamic optimization method are implemented following steps after with the correlation parameter exampleization among Fig. 1:
Step 1, initialization ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader and duty, constant as the initialization ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader: day wire size M=4, to read aerial radiation scope interior label continuously be that (this parameter is relevant with the label anti-collision treatment effect for zero times N=2, efficient is low more then be provided with big more), read write line time of having a rest T1=300ms during no label, tag read-write equipment time of having a rest T2=10ms is arranged, T1 is greater than T2; Be provided with that original state is no label (each antenna condition is independent) in each aerial radiation scope, variable m (current scanning antenna number)=1 expression is since an antenna scanning, and wherein M, N and m are positive integer, and T1 and T2 are that positive number and unit are millisecond (ms).
Step 2, select the m antenna, judge in this m aerial radiation scope whether label is arranged, this antenna condition is no label when scanning for the first time, (if detected the number of tags that label and tag recognition processing read last time is non-zero in result's decision when state scan by the last time during scanning later on, then state is for there being label, if N continuous time (promptly 2 times) does not read label then do not have label), if there is label then to enter step 5; If there is not label, then enter step 3.
Step 3, the detecting of m aerial radiation scope interior label is handled, and as shown in Figure 2, concrete steps are as follows: step 3.1, open power amplification circuit; Step 3.2, time-delay send after charging a period of time to label and select (Select) order, select all labels in the aerial radiation scope; Step 3.3, time-delay sends Query (Q=0) instruction (being query statement) again according to the ISO18000-6C protocol requirement, and Q=0 allows groove counter (Slot counter) value of all labels be zero; Step 3.4, as Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, all labels in the aerial radiation scope all instruct with the Query of RN16 (random number of a sixteen bit) message response ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader, to reply read write line with waveform shown in Figure 6 during the list label, to carry out response steps (stack back waveform still has certain rule, but has some errors) to read write line with the stack of waveform shown in Figure 6 during many labels; Step 3.5, read write line receives label and returns the RN16 response message, preamble and data characteristics according to message are detected tag state to upgrade, if message data is correctly resolved according to protocol requirement or its preamble is correctly resolved (as 4 leading zeroes are arranged continuously) by part, then in this antenna range label is arranged, otherwise be no label; Step 3.6 is closed power amplification circuit.This step only needs read write line to send Select and two instructions of Query, so the processing time is shorter than the tag recognition processing time.
Step 4 judges once more in the m aerial radiation scope according to the result of step 3 whether label is arranged; If there is label then to enter step 5, carry out the tag recognition in the m aerial radiation scope immediately and handle, improve the recognition efficiency of this aerial radiation scope interior label; If do not have label then enter step 8.
Step 5, the identification of m aerial radiation scope interior label is handled, open power amplification circuit, time-delay sends the Select order, time-delay sends the Query order, finish m antenna multiple labels anti-collision according to ISO 18000-6C protocol requirement and handle, discern all labels in this aerial radiation scope, close power amplification circuit behind the end of identification.The anticollision disposal route of label is a lot, such as time-division multiplex method, frequency multiplexing method, space division multiplexing method and Code Division Multiplex method, the recognition efficiency difference of the whole bag of tricks is very big, differ and once all discern all labels surely, but all need to send repeatedly instruction and just can recognize label data, consider the complicacy of treatment scheme again, so the processing time of this step is long a lot of than the label detecting processing time.
Step 6 is judged in the m antenna range whether non-zero of reading tag number according to the result of step 5, if non-zero then m antenna condition for label is arranged, further confirm according to the number of tags that reads, enter step 8 then; If be zero then enter step 7.
Step 7 judges whether N continuous time (promptly 2 times) reading tag number is zero in the m aerial radiation scope, if then the m antenna condition is no label; If otherwise the m antenna condition is for there being label.
Step 8 judges whether to scan last number antenna (last number antenna is an antenna 4), promptly judge m=M? if, otherwise select next number antenna (m++); If then judge whether again to be no label, if then have a rest long-time 300ms (T1), if otherwise rest short time 10ms (T2) selects an antenna (m=1, antenna 1) to scan then from antenna 1 to 4 state.
Step 9 judges whether it is halt instruction, if then finish; If begin to circulate once more, up to receiving that halt instruction finishes otherwise enter step 2.
Below in conjunction with the typical situation of implementing among Fig. 7, Fig. 9 and Figure 11 the present invention is further specified; Can know label detecting processing time t less than 10ms according to agreement, and the tag recognition processing time generally much larger than 10ms (being generally hundred milliseconds of ranks), its time is unfixed, but for certain single identification processing time be certain.Because it is very fast that antenna switches, so the time that radio-frequency front-end is closed when ignoring antenna in describing and switching.
As shown in Figure 7, all do not have label in four aerial radiation scopes of read write line and exist, the state of read write line each antenna after having scanned four antennas all is no label, so the radio-frequency front-end of read write line can carry out scan cycle next time the rest 300ms time again; As shown in Figure 8, each antenna is at detecting t millisecond that is consuming time during label, and the load of read write line is 4t/ (4t+300) under this situation, because t is less than 10ms, load will be less than 40/340 ≈ 11.76% so.
As shown in Figure 9, read write line does not all have label and exists in other aerial radiation scopes except that antenna 1, read write line detects label when scanning antenna 1 after, immediately this antenna being carried out a tag recognition handles, read the label in this antenna range, other antenna conditions all are no label, because antenna 1 state is for there being label, so the radio-frequency front-end of read write line can scan the rest 10ms time more next time; As shown in figure 10, each antenna is consuming time when the detecting label to be the t millisecond, if the tag recognition time of antenna 1 is the A millisecond, the load of read write line is (4t+A)/(4t+A+10) under the so this situation, suppose A=100ms, t=10ms, load will be 140/150 ≈ 93.33% so; When scanning once more, if label is also in the aerial radiation scope, label in the antenna 1 will not need to carry out the label detecting and just can directly carry out the tag recognition processing so, the load of read write line is (3t+A)/(3t+A+10) under the so this situation, suppose A=100ms, t=10ms, load will be 130/140 ≈ 92.86% so.
As shown in figure 11, read write line does not all have label and exists in other aerial radiation scopes except that antenna 1 and antenna 3, read write line detects label when scanning antenna 1 after, immediately this antenna being carried out a tag recognition handles, read the label in this antenna range, read write line detects label when scanning antenna 3 after, immediately this antenna being carried out a tag recognition handles, read the label in this antenna range, other antenna conditions all are no label, because antenna 1 and antenna 3 states are for there being label, so the radio-frequency front-end of read write line can scan the rest 10ms time more next time; As shown in figure 12, each antenna is consuming time when the detecting label to be the t millisecond, if the tag recognition time of antenna 1 is the A millisecond, the 3 tag recognition times of antenna are the B millisecond, the load of read write line is (4t+A+B)/(4t+A+B+10) under the so this situation, suppose A=100ms, B=80ms, t=10ms, load will be 220/230 ≈ 95.65% so; When scanning once more, if label is also in the aerial radiation scope, labels in antenna 1 and the antenna 3 will not need to carry out the label detecting and just can directly carry out the tag recognition processing so, the load of read write line is (2t+A+B)/(2t+A+B+10) under the so this situation, suppose A=100ms, B=80ms, t=10ms, load will be 200/210 ≈ 95.24% so.
It should be noted that only unrestricted described technical scheme of above embodiment at last in order to explanation; Therefore, although this instructions has been described in detail the present invention with reference to the above embodiments,, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that still and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of spirit and scope of the invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.