CN102072747A - Thermal parameter field monitoring-based building group energy consumption monitoring system and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal parameter field monitoring-based building group energy consumption monitoring system and a method thereof, and belongs to the field of building energy conservation test. The system comprises a sensor (100), a distributed acquisition module (200), an RS485 bus (300) and a monitoring computer (400) connected in turn, wherein the sensor comprises a first sensor, a second sensor, ..., and an Mth sensor (110, 120, ..., and 1M0), namely a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a wind direction sensor. The system realizes long-period continuous data acquisition and storage of building environmental parameter data, provides important test data for analyzing the energy consumption of buildings under various conditions, and realizes high-accuracy and high-reliability measurement and storage of a large number of measuring points; the measurement accuracy meets requirements on a building environment small temperature difference measurement; test equipment can adapt to the work in a high heat and humidity environment; and the system is applicable to long-period continuous monitoring and analysis of the energy consumption of an experimental model or an actual building group.

Description

Groups of building energy consumption monitoring system and method thereof based on the monitoring of thermal parameter field

Technical field

The invention belongs to the building energy conservation field tests, relate in particular to a kind of groups of building energy consumption monitoring system and method thereof,, realize inside and outside NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER monitoring groups of building by the thermal parameter field of monitoring groups of building based on the monitoring of thermal parameter field.

Background technology

Building energy conservation is the energy-saving field of world's extensive concern.Since the seventies in last century, many developed countries suffer from the energy starved situation, have begun the concern to building energy conservation, have promoted the research and development of relevant technologies and equipment.Current various countries have formulated various building code and energy conservation standard, each stages such as the planning that is used to build, design, construction, transformation and use.Along with scientific-technical progress, various new technology and standard are constantly released, and have promoted the development of energy saving building, and the research of building energy saving field so far remains the focus of scientific research.

According to incompletely statistics, about 1/3 of present China building energy consumption account society total energy consumption; Along with living standards of the people improve, the building energy consumption proportion also can further increase.Yet energy supply and demand contradiction growing tension reduces building energy consumption and has been not only economic problems, is related to the problem of national strategy especially; Therefore, the research to building energy conservation seems very important.

The method that building energy consumption is assessed mainly contains energy consumption actual measurement method and simulation of energy consumption emulation mode.

1, the simulation of energy consumption emulation mode is the technology in the western developed country widespread use, cooperates strict construction Supervision, guarantees that actual energy-saving effect of building and design load reach unanimity.Analog computation needs the artificial various parameters of setting, and as material heat transfer characteristic, weather conditions etc., the accuracy of these parameters has great influence to the effect of simulation.It is comparatively coarse that the building engineering construction of China is compared developed country, is difficult to accurately obtain the various parameters of actual building, the deficiency of same natural conditions data, and the analog simulation of energy consumption effect at home can be had a greatly reduced quality.

2, the energy consumption actual measurement method is domestic and international all methods of the analysis building energy conservation effect of more employing, can be by consumption monitoring to electric weight, combustion gas etc., realize the monitoring and the analysis of the actual energy resource consumption of building, also can be by the building maintenance structure parameters being analyzed the NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER effect between monitoring building and the environment.Yet at the former, just unilaterally having realized the energy resource consumption quantitative statistics, is feeling simply helpless of how being utilized under construction to the energy; At the latter, also have the problem of following several aspects still to limit the application of measurement technology in building energy conservation is analyzed:

1) testing conditions harshness, test data are subjected to factor affecting such as environmental interference big;

2) it is immature to detect the data processing theory, and the method that detects data processing at present exists uncertain, directly influences result's accuracy;

3) the detection data under the specific environment in the short time are difficult to the energy-saving effect of accurately assessment building long period under various environmental baselines;

4) the detection technique development is not enough, and the equipment ubiquity uses problems such as inconvenient, huge.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, and a kind of groups of building energy consumption monitoring system and method thereof based on the monitoring of thermal parameter field is provided.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

One, the groups of building energy consumption monitoring system (abbreviation system) that monitors based on the thermal parameter field

Native system comprises sensor, distributed capture module, RS485 bus and the supervisory control comuter that connects successively.

Two, the groups of building energy-consumption monitoring method (abbreviation method) of monitoring based on the thermal parameter field

This method comprises the following steps:

1. analyze groups of building thermal parameter characteristics, arrange measuring point, connection device is set up groups of building energy consumption monitoring system;

2. the initialization system parameter is carried out data acquisition, and image data is carried out pre-service;

3. store measured data, and generate historical data;

4. system monitoring promptly shows current working state of system and each measuring point parameter, and system is monitored in real time;

5. visualizing monitor is about to all data and shows with cloud atlas or polar plot form, with the temperature of each part of hue distinguishes architectural environment, represents the direction and size of wind speed respectively with the direction of arrow and length (or color);

6. historical data analysis promptly according to demand, is inquired about the historical data of any measuring point of any time, and the multiple spot data is analyzed;

7. energy Flow analysis and diagnosis promptly at the historical data of each period, with two dimension, three-dimensional parameter format of field analysis building energy Flow situation, estimated the building energy conservation effect.

The present invention has the following advantages and good effect:

1. realized the collection of long period continuous data and storage of architectural environment supplemental characteristic, provide important test data for analyzing building energy consumption under various conditions;

2. realized the high precision of big gauge point, highly reliable measurement and storage, measuring accuracy satisfies the little differential temperature survey requirement of architectural environment, and testing apparatus can adapt to work under the high thermal and humidity environment;

3. the visualizing monitor and the analysis of parameter have been realized, will survey parameter and be presented in the building three-dimensional graph that parameter field result of calculation shows with the cloud atlas form, is beneficial to and analyzes and judgement building NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER;

4. be applicable to the long period continuous monitoring and the analysis of empirical model or actual groups of building energy consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of native system;

Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of native system;

Fig. 3 is this method process flow diagram.

Among the figure:

The 000-environmental parameter;

The 100-sensor;

200-distributed capture module;

The 300-RS485 bus;

The 400-supervisory control comuter,

410-system applies administrative unit, 420-data acquisition and administrative unit, 430-system data trousers,

440-real time data trousers, 450-historical data trousers, the 460-query unit,

The 470-display unit, the 480-computing unit;

The 500-client.

Embodiment:

Describe in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:

One, system

1, overall

As Fig. 1, native system comprises sensor 100, distributed capture module 200, RS485 bus 300 and the supervisory control comuter 400 that connects successively.

Sensor 100 and distributed capture module number 200 ascertain the number according to the actual requirements.A distributed capture module 200 can be with 8 sensors 100 at most; Each distributed capture module 200 provides RS485 interface, directly is connected with RS485 bus 300; Can connect a plurality of distributed capture modules 200 on every RS485 bus 300, maximum quantity is relevant with total line length and module electrical specification, and native system requires every RS485 bus 300 to be no more than 20 distributed capture modules 200 at most.

Native system is divided into single monitoring target relatively independent on the space with the monitoring target of complexity, as monitoring means; Sensor 100 and distributed data acquisition module 200 dispersed placement in monitoring target or near, data acquisition module 200 is connected with supervisory control comuter 400 by RS485 bus 300;

Sensor 100 is converted into analog signals that distributed data acquisition module 200 can discern (as voltage 1～5V or electric current 4～20mA) with the information (as temperature) of the environmental parameter 000 of monitoring target, distributed data acquisition module 200 is converted into digital signal with this analog signals, passes to supervisory control comuter 400 by RS485 bus 300.

2, functional block

1) sensor 100

As Fig. 1, sensor 100 comprises the 1st, 2 ... M sensor 110,120 ... 1M0 comprises temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air velocity transducer and wind transducer etc., all adopts high-precision sensor, guarantees measuring accuracy.

Select PT100 armoured thermal resistance sensor for use as temperature sensor, and in conjunction with the software debugging functions.

2) the distributed capture module 200

As Fig. 1, distributed capture module 200 comprises the 1st, 2 ... N distributed capture module 210,220 ... 2N0; Select high-performance transmitter and analogue collection module for use, configuration seal box, precision and the reliability of assurance system under high thermal and humidity environment.

As select 8 passage acquisition modules for use, and dispersed placement is in each place of monitoring target, and each sensor is corresponding one by one with module channels.

3) the RS485 bus 300

As Fig. 1, RS485 bus 300 comprises the 1st, 2 ... PRS485 bus 310,320 ... 3P0 is a kind of Shielded Twisted Pair commonly used.

4) supervisory control comuter 400

As Fig. 2, the hardware configuration of supervisory control comuter 400 is industrial computers commonly used.

The software of supervisory control comuter 400 comprises system applies administrative unit 410, data acquisition and administrative unit 420, system data trousers 430, real time data trousers 440, historical data trousers 450, query unit 460, display unit 470 and computing unit 480;

Its interactive relation is:

System applies administrative unit 410 can be by data acquisition and administrative unit 420 initialization system parameters, perhaps data acquisition and administrative unit 420 are directly from system data trousers 430 reading system parameters, and data acquisition and administrative unit 420 realize the mutual of real-time image data by RS485 bus 300 and distributed capture module 200; And the image data after will handling is written to real time data trousers 440, simultaneously data in the real-time data base regularly handled, and generates historical data, is deposited into historical data trousers 450; Query unit 460 is by the parameter point data of reading system data trousers 430, real time data trousers 440 or the required point of historical data trousers 450 inquiries; Computing unit 480 will generate the parameter field data by reading system data trousers 430, real time data trousers 440 or historical data trousers 450 after the parameter point data computation; Parameter field data after parameter point data that system applies administrative unit 410 obtains by display unit 470 inquiry query unit 460 or computing unit 480 calculate.

Its principle of work is:

Adopt SQL Sever2000 to set up database storage system, database storage system comprises system database 430, real-time data base 440 and historical data base 450, system database 430 storage systems are moved required setup parameter, real-time data base 440 is used for storing measured data, historical data base 450 is used for storing the continuous service data of long period, realizes the long period storage of image data.

Adopt Matlab and VC++ combined programming technology, realize the visual of actual measurement parameter.VC++ realizes data acquisition and numerical evaluation function, and numerical evaluation adopts the numerical heat transfer basic calculation, will survey parameter as boundary condition, and in conjunction with middle measuring point correction technique, realizes the quick calculating of parameter field.Matlab is compiled as COM by COMBuider with the graphics process function and sets up, and VC++ calls this COM to be set up, and realizes the various Presentation Functions of data cloud atlas.

1. described system applies administrative unit 410 is: maintenance and management is carried out in the operation to each account, comprises that registed authorization, password maintenance and authority are provided with etc.

2. described data acquisition and administrative unit 420 are: parameter setting, modification and other maintenance management function of realizing part of data acquisition.The default parameters of system is to realize by the systematic parameter of reading in the system data library storage, and the system manager can require to revise systematic parameter according to reality, and all the other are used to not have this authority.The preprocessing function of data is also realized in this unit simultaneously, comprises numerical information is reduced to environmental parameter information the verifying correctness of data etc.Data after the processing directly store real-time data base on the one hand into; Be used for display unit on the other hand, realize the real-time monitoring of measured data.

3. described system database 430 is: storage system is moved required configuration parameter, customer parameter etc., and configuration parameter mainly comprises point position, sensor and acquisition module corresponding relation, and customer parameter comprises user name, password, user right etc.

4. described real-time data base 440 is: register system 1 day is with interior measured data, with inquiring about measured data numerical value and numerical value change trend in a short time, and provides raw data for historical data base.

5. described historical data trousers 450 are: generate form according to historical data, data acquisition and administrative unit 420 can will deposit in the historical data base 450 after the data processing in the real-time data base 440.And realize each Database Backup, the daily servicing function such as empty.

6. described query unit 460 is: according to user's request, and in the inquiry random time section, the data of measuring point arbitrarily, and show with the curve map form.

7. described display unit 470 is: the parameter field data are shown with forms such as cloud atlas, polar plots, also can realize surveying simultaneously parameter and three-dimensional picture Presentation Function simultaneously.

8. described computing unit 480 is: realize the parameter field computing function of any time data, and result of calculation is submitted to display unit 470 in order to analyze and to estimate.

Two, method

This method solves the monitoring problem in architectural environment temperature field by Monitoring Data is merged mutually with three aspects such as numerical evaluation, graphical demonstrations.

As Fig. 3, this method comprises the following steps:

1. analyze monitoring target 10, comprise various geometric datas, material composition and the internal and external environment influence factor of monitoring target;

2. carry out 20 according to analysis result: determine measuring point 21 and build monitoring system 22; The process object geometric data also imports software systems 23, record point position information, measuring point and module channels corresponding informance 24;

3. the initialization system parameter 30, comprise data acquisition at interval, passage and measuring point corresponding data, and the point position data need consistent with real system; If it is inconsistent then need this parameter setting of manual modification;

4. the systematic parameter calibration 40, adopt normal-temperature water and mixture of ice and water two point calibration methods to realize the zero point correction of temperature sensor, and will calibrate the data entry system database, and wind speed and direction adopts the manual mode zero point correction;

5. begin data acquisition 50, before gathering collecting device is carried out Pre-testing, guarantee system's operate as normal, click begins to gather, and starts acquisition tasks, can simultaneously the actual measurement parameter be write real-time data base and historical data base;

Be divided into three the tunnel:

6. the 1 the tunnel, measured data monitoring 60, whether real time data can pass through form real time inspections such as histogram, numerical value, move normally with the inspection current device;

7. the 2 the tunnel, parameter field monitoring 70 can pass through the three-dimensional picture Presentation Function, checks the real-time measuring data of temperature field distribution and each sensor;

8. the 3 the tunnel, data analysis with estimate 80:

Historical data analysis 81, time period, measuring point and the tables of data of definite inquiry (real-time table, branch clock and watch, hour meter etc.), enquiry of historical data, the continuous Operational Data Analysis of long period of realization parameter variation tendency:

Parameter field data analysis 83:

A, selection any time data, the database of three-dimensional parameter field analysis is prepared in selection, selects data file (as dy_Data.MDF), click then " opening ", the connection data, the connection back shows all historical data options:

The kinematic viscosity of the greatest iteration step number that B, calculating and setting are calculated each time, maximum iteration time, CFL number and air movement viscosity, output display frequency, tracking amount, temperature and speed coupling situation:

C, be written into grid data, in AUTOCAD, set up model, in professional grid software Hypwemesh, import above-mentioned model, utilize unstructured grid that model is divided afterwards, before derived data, attention will be resequenced to node, after grid dividing, derived data notices that export suffix name will be .dat, derives template based on Marc/stress2d.tpl;

D, the configuration file of measuring point and node is set, finds in " system configuration " button in menu bar " measuring point configuration ", the measuring point configuration file is added in prompting; Program realizes the corresponding relation of measuring point and node coordinate by reading the exterior arrangement file, thereby realizes importing;

E, rebuild in real time and to rebuild, utilize the method for CFD that the model space is carried out the thermal parameter field and rebuild, employing be two-dimentional stationary convection diffusion and k-ξ turbulent flow model, computing method adopt finite volume method, core algorithm is the SIMPLE algorithm.

Claims (7)

1. groups of building energy consumption monitoring system based on thermal parameter field monitoring is characterized in that:

Comprise the sensor (100), distributed capture module (200), RS485 bus (300) and the supervisory control comuter (400) that connect successively.

2. by the described groups of building energy consumption monitoring of claim 1 system, it is characterized in that:

Described sensor (100) comprises the 1st, 2 ... M sensor (110,120 ... 1M0), be respectively temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air velocity transducer and wind transducer.

3. by the described groups of building energy consumption monitoring of claim 1 system, it is characterized in that:

Described distributed capture module (200) comprises the 1st, 2 ... N distributed capture module (210,220 ... 2N0).

4. by the described groups of building energy consumption monitoring of claim 1 system, it is characterized in that:

Described RS485 bus (300) comprises the 1st, 2 ... P RS485 bus (310,320 ... 3P0).

5. by the described groups of building energy consumption monitoring of claim 1 system, it is characterized in that:

The hardware configuration of supervisory control comuter (400) is an industrial computer commonly used;

The software of supervisory control comuter (400) comprises system applies administrative unit (410), data acquisition and administrative unit (420), system data trousers (430), real time data trousers (440), historical data trousers (450), query unit (460), display unit (470) and computing unit (480);

Its interactive relation is:

System applies administrative unit (410) is by data acquisition and administrative unit (420) initialization system parameter, perhaps data acquisition and administrative unit (420) are directly from system data trousers (430) reading system parameter, and data acquisition and administrative unit (420) realize the mutual of real-time image data by RS485 bus (300) and distributed capture module (200); And the image data after will handling is written to real time data trousers (440), simultaneously data in the real-time data base regularly handled, and generates historical data, is deposited into historical data trousers (450); Query unit (460) is by the parameter point data of reading system data trousers (430), real time data trousers (440) or the required point of historical data trousers (450) inquiry; Computing unit (480) will generate the parameter field data by reading system data trousers (430), real time data trousers (440) or historical data trousers (450) after the parameter point data computation; Parameter field data after parameter point data that system applies administrative unit (410) obtains by display unit (470) inquiry query unit (460) or computing unit (480) calculate.

6. based on the monitoring method of the described groups of building energy consumption monitoring of claim 1 system, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1. analyze groups of building thermal parameter characteristics, arrange measuring point, connection device is set up groups of building energy consumption monitoring system;

2. the initialization system parameter is carried out data acquisition, and image data is carried out pre-service;

3. store measured data, and generate historical data;

4. system monitoring promptly shows current working state of system and each measuring point parameter, and system is monitored in real time;

5. visualizing monitor is about to all data and shows with cloud atlas or polar plot form, with the temperature of each part of hue distinguishes architectural environment, represents the direction and size of wind speed respectively with the direction of arrow and length or color;

6. historical data analysis promptly according to demand, is inquired about the historical data of any measuring point of any time, and the multiple spot data is analyzed;

7. energy Flow analysis and diagnosis promptly at the historical data of each period, with two dimension, three-dimensional parameter format of field analysis building energy Flow situation, estimated the building energy conservation effect.

7. by the described monitoring method of claim 6, it is characterized in that step 7. energy Flow analysis and diagnosis:

Historical data analysis (81), time period, measuring point and the tables of data of definite inquiry, enquiry of historical data, the continuous Operational Data Analysis of long period of realization parameter variation tendency:

Parameter field data analysis (83):

A, selection any time data, the database of three-dimensional parameter field analysis is prepared in selection, selects data file, click then " opening ", the connection data, the connection back shows all historical data options;

The kinematic viscosity of the greatest iteration step number that B, calculating and setting are calculated each time, maximum iteration time, CFL number and air movement viscosity, output display frequency, tracking amount, temperature and speed coupling situation;

C, be written into grid data, in AUTOCAD, set up model, in professional grid software Hypwemesh, import above-mentioned model, utilize unstructured grid that model is divided afterwards, before derived data, attention will be resequenced to node, after grid dividing, derived data notices that export suffix name will be .dat, derives template based on Marc/stress2d.tpl;

D, the configuration file of measuring point and node is set, finds in " system configuration " button in menu bar " measuring point configuration ", the measuring point configuration file is added in prompting; Program realizes the corresponding relation of measuring point and node coordinate by reading the exterior arrangement file, thereby realizes importing;

E, rebuild in real time and to rebuild, utilize the method for CFD that the model space is carried out the thermal parameter field and rebuild, employing be two-dimentional stationary convection diffusion and k-ξ turbulent flow model, computing method adopt finite volume method, core algorithm is the SIMPLE algorithm.

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