CN102072062A - Low-temperature preheating device used for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles, which comprises: a fuel heating unit with a fuel heater; a cab heating unit including a radiator arranged in the cab; an oil pan heating unit including a The oil pan heating pipe in the oil pan; and the oil supply system heating unit, including heating oil tank, water inlet pipeline, return water pipeline, oil outlet pipeline and oil return pipeline. The invention has the characteristics of ingenious conception, advanced technology, compact structure, safe use, convenient installation, energy saving and environmental protection, and strong practicability.

Description

Low temperature preheating device for motor vehicles

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of low-temperature start-up and preheating of motor vehicles, and relates to a low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles. The fuel system is heated.

Background technique

In the plateau or cold area, subject to the influence of low-temperature environmental factors, the temperature in the cab is very low, and the driver's working environment is very harsh; the heat transfer of the cylinder itself increases, and the temperature of the air entering the cylinder is also low, making it difficult to catch fire; The lubricating oil in the engine oil pan is in a cooling state, the viscosity increases, and the fluidity becomes poor, which leads to increased wear of the parts in the engine, and even causes cylinder scuffing; the diesel oil in the oil supply system also becomes fluid due to the increase in viscosity. Poor, the use of low-grade diesel oil will often cause thickening and waxing of diesel oil, and then the filter screen and oil pipe will be blocked, resulting in difficulties in starting the vehicle and sudden shutdown during driving, which will bring a series of troubles and economic losses to users. If a higher grade of diesel oil is used, not only the oil price will increase, but also the power performance will decrease, thereby increasing the transportation cost of the user.

In order to solve these conditions in low temperature environment, people usually use direct methods such as burning smoke or scalding with hot water, and some vehicles have also added fuel heaters, but these measures can only achieve partial preheating. The starting effect of motor vehicles is very small, even if the vehicle starts successfully, it will be accompanied by serious wear and tear, sudden flameout and other phenomena; some people propose the method of applying electric heating, but the controllability of electricity is poor, and there is a greater potential safety hazard.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a low-temperature preheating device for a motor vehicle, which uses the circulating fluid of the engine cooling system to heat the motor vehicle through heat exchange, so as to solve the problem that the temperature in the cab is too low in a low-temperature environment, and the vehicle The heat exchange demand of the cylinder block is large, the fluidity of the oil is poor, and the oil supply system is prone to wax formation. While changing the working environment in the cab, improving the low-temperature starting performance of the engine and increasing the economy of the engine fuel system, it also improves the mechanical performance of the engine and prolongs the service life of the engine.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A low-temperature preheating device for a motor vehicle, comprising:

The fuel heating unit has a fuel heater, and the fuel heater has a water inlet, a water outlet, a fuel suction pipe and a fuel return pipe, the water inlet is connected to the cooling shell of the engine, and the fuel suction pipe and the fuel return pipe are connected to the fuel tank;

The cab heating unit includes a radiator installed in the cab. The water inlet of the radiator is connected to the water outlet of the fuel heater through a water inlet pipe, and the water outlet of the radiator is connected to a port of a four-way joint through a return pipe. The four-way The other three ports of the joint are respectively connected to the warm air, the expansion tank and the thermostat, and the thermostat is connected to the water tank and connected to the water chamber of the engine through the water pump;

An oil pan heating unit, including an oil pan heating pipe arranged in the oil pan of the engine, one end of the oil pan heating pipe is connected to the cooling shell of the engine, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the fuel heater; and

The heating unit of the oil supply system includes a heating oil tank, water inlet pipeline, return water pipeline, oil outlet pipeline and oil return pipeline. There is a heating sensor inside the heating oil tank, and the heating sensor communicates with the cooling shell of the engine through the water inlet pipeline. The water pipeline is connected with the water inlet of the fuel heater, and the oil outlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline are respectively connected with the oil inlet and the oil return port of the engine.

In the embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a parallel water pipe, one end of the parallel water pipe is connected to the cooling shell of the engine, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the fuel heater, and a normally closed control valve is provided on the parallel water pipe.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the oil pan heating pipe and the water inlet pipe are provided with normally open control valves.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline have a nested pipe structure.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a nested pipe structure is used between the water return pipeline and the oil return pipeline.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the oil outlet pipeline, the oil return pipeline, the oil suction pipe and the oil return pipe are made of polyamide.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet pipeline, the water return pipeline, the water return pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water pipe are rubber hoses.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling shell is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is provided with a water pipe joint, and the water pipe joint is connected to a water pipe, and the water pipe is connected to the water pipe, the oil pan heating pipe and the water pipe through a three-way joint. Inlet pipe.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a control valve is connected to the return water pipe and the water pipe.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles integrates the heating of the cab, the heating of the cylinder body, the heating of the oil pan and the heating of the oil supply system, and realizes the working environment in the cab, the heating of the cylinder body through heat exchange. , Oil and fuel preheating, with ingenious conception, advanced technology, compact structure, safe use, convenient installation, energy saving and environmental protection, and strong practicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a heating oil tank sensor;

Among them: 1. Engine; 2. Water pipe joint; 3. Fuel heater; 4. Radiator; 5. Four-way joint; 6. Oil pan heating pipe; 7. Heating oil tank; 8. Water inlet pipe; Oil pipeline; 10, water return pipeline; 11, oil return pipeline; 12, fuel oil tank; 13, oil suction pipe; 14, oil return pipe; 15, water pipe; 16, control valve; 17, return water pipe; 18, parallel water pipe; 19 , normally closed control valve; 20, normally open control valve; 21, warm air; 22, water tank; 23, expansion water tank; 24, water pump; 25, water inlet pipe; 1-1, cooling shell; 1-2, temperature control device; 1-3, oil pan; 7-1, heating sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, and the following description is only exemplary.

As shown in Figure 1, a low-temperature preheating device for a motor vehicle includes a fuel heating unit, a cab heating unit, an oil pan heating unit and an oil supply system heating unit, wherein the fuel heating unit has a fuel heater 3, and the fuel heating unit The heater 3 has a water inlet, a water outlet, an oil suction pipe 13 and an oil return pipe 14, and the water inlet is communicated with the cooling shell 1-1 of the engine 1, and the oil suction pipe 13 and the oil return pipe 14 are connected with the fuel oil tank 12; The heating unit includes a radiator 4 arranged in the cab, the water inlet of the radiator 4 is connected to the water outlet of the fuel heater 3 through the water inlet pipe 25, and the water outlet of the radiator 4 is connected to a port of a four-way joint 5 through the return pipe 17 , the other three ports of the four-way joint 5 are respectively connected to the warm air 21, the expansion tank 23 and the thermostat 1-2, and the thermostat 1-2 is connected to the water tank 22 and connected to the water chamber of the engine 1 through the water pump 24, and connected to the expansion tank The port 23 starts the function of deflation; the oil pan heating unit includes an oil pan heating tube 6 arranged in the oil pan 1-3 of the engine 1, and one end of the oil pan heating tube 6 is connected to the cooling shell 1 of the engine 1 -1, the other end is connected with the water inlet of the fuel heater 3; the heating unit of the oil supply system includes a heating oil tank 7, a water inlet pipeline 8, a water return pipeline 10, an oil outlet pipeline 9 and an oil return pipeline 11, and the heating oil tank 7 is internally provided There is a heating sensor 7-1, and the heating sensor 7-1 communicates with the cooling shell 1-1 of the engine 1 through the water inlet pipeline 8, and connects with the water inlet of the fuel heater 3 through the water return pipeline 10, and the oil outlet pipeline 9 and the oil return pipe The road 11 communicates with the oil inlet and the oil return port of the engine 1 respectively.

The cooling shell 1-1 of the engine 1 is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is provided with a water pipe joint 2 for connecting the water pipe 15, which can conveniently provide circulation for the fuel heater 3 from the cooling shell 1-1. medium.

The fuel heater 3 is a heating device relatively independent of the engine. When the engine 1 is not started, it absorbs high-grade diesel oil in the fuel tank 12 through the oil suction pipe 13 for combustion, and releases a certain amount of heat as a heat source for preheating. , the redundant diesel oil that does not burn out flows back to the fuel tank 12 through the oil return pipe 14 .

The radiator 4 is arranged in the cab, and the temperature in the cab is increased by means of the circulating fluid heated by the fuel heater 3 .

The oil sump heating pipe 6 spirals around the oil suction pan in the oil sump. In order to increase the contact area between the heating pipe and the oil as much as possible, it can be made in the shape of a serpentine pipe or a spiral pipe.

The heating oil tank 7 contains low-grade diesel oil, and under the action of the built-in heating sensor 7-1 that can be heated by the circulating fluid of the fuel oil heater 3, the normal viscosity of the fuel is maintained to avoid waxing of the fuel.

In order to keep the oil circuit unblocked and prevent the fuel oil in the fuel pipeline from clogging the oil pipe, the water inlet pipe 8 and the oil outlet pipe 9 of the heating oil tank 7 and the return water pipe 10 and the oil return pipe 11 of the heating oil tank adopt the structure of nested pipes. The normal viscosity of the fuel is maintained through the heat exchange between the circulating fluid and the fuel.

Considering the convenience of control and maintenance, the water pipe 15 and the water outlet pipe 17 of the engine leading to the fuel heater are provided with control valves 16 .

Considering that the oil pan 1-3 and the heating oil tank 7 do not need to be heated during parking, a parallel water pipe 18 connected in parallel with the oil pan heating pipe 6, the water inlet pipe 8, and the return water pipe 10 is specially provided to realize The circulating fluid from the engine can be heated separately for the cab. Among them, the electromechanical normally closed control valve 19 is set on the parallel water pipe 18, and the electromechanical normally open control valve 20 is set before the oil pan heating pipe 6 and the water inlet pipe 8 of the heating oil tank 7. In order to realize the preset heating function, the two are mutual Lock type setting, of course, those skilled in the art can think that the electromechanical normally closed control valve 19 and the electromechanical normally open control valve 20 can be replaced by other control valves.

Utilize the work process of the present invention as follows:

Before the engine is started at low temperature, open the control valve 16 on the fuel heater 3, the water pipe 15 and the radiator 4 return pipe 17, start the fuel heater 3 and the radiator 4. Driven by the water pump on the fuel heater 3, it enters the heating cavity of the fuel heater 3, and the continuously heated flow medium of the engine cooling system first passes through the radiator 4 in the cab, under the action of the heat emitted by the radiator 4 , the temperature in the cab keeps rising; the outlet water of the radiator 4 flows into the engine 1 continuously through the four-way joint 5 in front of the thermostat 1-2 on the engine 1, and flows through the cooling shell 1-1 on the engine 1. The water pipe joint 2 flows back to the heating cavity of the fuel heater 3 through the oil pan heating pipe 6 in the oil pan 1-3 and the water inlet pipeline 8 and the return water pipeline 10 of the heating oil tank 7, and is heated by the fuel heater 3. A new round of circulation is carried out under the impetus of the water pump. Through the heat exchange effect of the medium, the cab, the engine block, the oil pan and the fuel are continuously heated, and the engine can be started when the water temperature in the engine 1 reaches a certain temperature. At this time, the engine oil in the oil pan is maintained at a normal viscosity through the action of the oil pan heating tube 6, and can quickly reach the place where it needs to be lubricated. , enter the engine 1 smoothly through the oil outlet pipeline 9, and the unburned diesel oil flows back to the heated oil tank 7 through the oil return pipeline 11. In this case, engine wear, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions can be significantly reduced, the life of the engine can be prolonged, and the engine can be improved. The adaptability of low-grade diesel oil can be used to improve the power of the engine in low temperature environment and improve the economy of the engine. After the engine 1 is started, the warm air 21 is turned on, and under the auxiliary action of the radiator 4, the temperature in the cab 1 is jointly promoted to continuously increase, so that a certain temperature is maintained in the cab. When the temperature of the circulating medium reaches a certain upper limit, the fuel heater 3 stops automatically, and when the temperature drops to a certain lower limit, the fuel heater 3 can start normally again, so that the circulating medium can always be kept in a certain temperature range, thus, making In the cold temperature, the cabin can keep warm as spring.

If the oil pan 1-3 and the fuel oil of the engine 1 do not need to be heated after the engine is started or the vehicle is parked for a long time, the interlock electromechanical normally closed control valve 19 and the electromechanical normally open control valve 20 can be manipulated to make the electromechanical The normally closed control valve 19 is opened, the electromechanical normally open control valve 20 is closed, and the circulating fluid coming out of the water pipe joint 2 at the machine cooling shell 1-1 directly enters the heating chamber of the fuel heater 3, so that the heating medium is only heated The radiator 3, the radiator 4, and the cylinder block of the engine 1 are circulated, thereby keeping a higher temperature in the cab.

The basic principles and advantages of the present invention have been described above. The present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make many changes and improvements according to needs, such as: the oil pan heating pipe and the water inlet pipeline 8 of the oil supply system heating unit can be in series. The protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A low-temperature preheating device for a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises: The fuel heating unit has a fuel heater (3), and the fuel heater (3) has a water inlet, a water outlet, an oil suction pipe (13) and an oil return pipe (14), and the water inlet is connected with the cooling shell of the engine (1) (1-1) connected, the oil suction pipe (13) and oil return pipe (14) are connected with the fuel tank (12); The cab heating unit includes the radiator (4) installed in the cab. The water inlet of the radiator (4) is connected to the water outlet of the fuel heater (3) through the water inlet pipe (25). The water outlet of the radiator (4) is Connect one port of a four-way joint (5) through the return pipe (17), and the other three ports of the four-way joint (5) are respectively connected to the warm air (21), the expansion tank (23) and the thermostat (1-2 ), the thermostat (1-2) is connected to the water tank (22) and connected to the water chamber of the engine (1) through the water pump (24); The oil pan heating unit includes the oil pan heating pipe (6) arranged in the oil pan (1-3) of the engine (1), and one end of the oil pan heating pipe (6) is connected to the machine cooler of the engine (1). shell (1-1), the other end is connected to the water inlet of the fuel heater (3); and Heating unit of oil supply system, including heating oil tank (7), water inlet pipeline (8), return water pipeline (10), oil outlet pipeline (9) and oil return pipeline (11), heating oil tank (7) is equipped with heating The sensor (7-1), the heating sensor (7-1) communicates with the cooling shell (1-1) of the engine (1) through the water inlet pipeline (8), and communicates with the fuel heater (3) through the return water pipeline (10) ) to the water inlet, and the oil outlet pipeline (9) and the oil return pipeline (11) are respectively connected to the oil inlet and the oil return port of the engine (1). 2. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a parallel water pipe (18), one end of which is connected to the cooling shell (1-1) of the engine (1) ), the other end is connected to the water inlet of the fuel heater (3), and the parallel water pipe (18) is provided with a normally closed control valve (19). 3. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil pan heating pipe (6) and the water inlet pipe (8) are provided with a normally open control valve (20). 4. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet pipeline (8) There is a nested tubular structure between it and the oil outlet pipeline (9). 5. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the return pipe (10) and the oil return pipe (11) are in a nested pipe structure. 6. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the oil outlet pipeline (9), the oil return pipeline (11), the oil suction pipe (13) and the oil return pipe ( 14) The material is polyamide. 7. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: water inlet pipe (8), return water pipe (10), return water pipe (17), water inlet pipe (25) And water pipe (8) is rubber hose. 8. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cooling shell (1-1) is provided with a threaded hole, and a water pipe joint (2) is arranged on the threaded hole, and the water pipe The joint (2) is connected to the water pipe (15), and the water pipe (15) is connected to the water pipe (18), the oil pan heating pipe (6) and the water inlet pipe (8) through a three-way joint. 9. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that: the return water pipe (17) and the water pipe (15) are connected with a control valve (16). 10. The low-temperature preheating device for motor vehicles according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 or 9, characterized in that: the fuel oil tank (12) contains high-grade fuel; the heating oil tank 7 Inside is low grade fuel.

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