CN102064964A - Method for rapidly switching gigabit network cards in gigabit switching environment - Google Patents
Method for rapidly switching gigabit network cards in gigabit switching environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for rapidly switching gigabit network cards in a gigabit switching environment. In the method, a timer used for polling a network card register is arranged in a gigabit network card equipment driver, detects a network link state change by polling contents of the network card register, and when a link state is changed from connection to breaking, sets a link state change bit of a network card interruption register to trigger the interruption of the link state change in advance. The improved gigabit network card equipment driver in the method can detect a link breaking state only in less than 100 milliseconds. Therefore, the link breaking perceiving performance of the network card driver is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high available techniques in the computer realm, refer in particular to the fast switch over method of PCI-Express under a kind of gigabit switched environment.
Background technology
Because the special status of server, keeping the high availability and the fail safe of server is the important indicator of enterprise-level IT environment, and wherein the most important is the high availability that server network connects, along with development of internet technology, and the increase gradually of the scale of network.The network card binding technology is to improve one of availability that server network connects and efficient method in reliability.Many network card bindings be exactly by software and hardware setting with two or polylith network card binding on same IP address, using just looks like to use a network interface card.The network interface card of many high-grade servers (for example intel8254x series, 3COM server network interface card etc.) all has many network card bindings function.
Application and practice show that under the gigabit switched environment, the reliability of system and real-time can not satisfy the demands when PCI-Express was worked under binding pattern.Be embodied in: when two PCI-Express are operated in the following time of active and standby pattern of binding driver, in case the link occurs fault of work at present network interface card, the work that the binding driver will be received and dispatched message automatically switches on the backup network interface card, thereby the system that makes can normally move.Under 100,000,000 environment, PCI-Express has reached ten Milliseconds at switch speed, and the switch speed of PCI-Express is hundred Milliseconds under the gigabit environment.Trace it to its cause, the gigabit switching network is the system of a kind of full duplex energy error correction, and the network interface card physical layer always receives the data of link the other side and local transmission simultaneously.Thereby when link ruptured, though the network interface card physical layer does not receive any link the other side's data, it still receiving local transmission signals, can not do link detecting work.Therefore, the 40th regulation of IEEE 802.3 standard criterions could be judged the Link State fracture defect after the maxwait_timer of network interface card inside timer (350 ± 5 milliseconds of times are set) is overtime.Many highly reliable and high sensitivity are required in the high server key application, this situation can't satisfy the demands undoubtedly.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention just is: spend slow defective at PCI-Express gigabit environment incision throw-over in operating system nucleus, the invention provides a kind of PCI-Express Link State monitoring technique, after this method is applied in the PCI-Express device driver, can be implemented under the gigabit networking environment, PCI-Express device driver in the operating system nucleus promotes an order of magnitude to the perceptual performance of network interface card link failure, and promptly hundred Milliseconds are promoted to ten Milliseconds.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: design a poll timer, a historical link state variable and a link fracture variable, in the PCI-Express device driver, add the timer that is used for poll network interface card register, this timer detects the network link status situation of change by poll network interface card content of registers, change to when disconnecting from connection at Link State, the Link State that the network interface card interrupt register is set changes the position, causes Link State in advance and changes interruption.
The present invention designs a poll timer, a historical link state variable and a link fracture variable, to realize obtaining fast and response fast to the Link State fracture information, thereby realize the quick switching of network interface card, change by the value of Link State register and obtain the network link fracture information.
Network interface card register poll timer drives at network card equipment and carries out in the initialization function historical link state variable and the initialization of link fracture variable and the startup of this timer, drive in the anti-initialization function at network interface card and to close this timer, the timer function obtains this network interface card Link State and historical network interface card Link State by reading network interface card Link State change register value, thereby judge the link breaking state of current network interface card, and by network interface card interrupt register Link State change interrupt bit initiation network interface card link change interruption is set, timer time can switch between 500 milliseconds and 20 milliseconds according to link-state information at interval.
The job step of poll timer function is:
(1), reads the value of Link State register in the current network interface card Media Independent Interface registers group, the state information (whether link is communicated with) of link when obtaining this scanning;
(2), read the Link State of the current network interface card of preserving last scanning back, if non-connection is provided with timer and is spaced apart 500 milliseconds start-up time next time, change (5);
(3) if the Link State of this scanning is non-connection, be that Link State is changed to non-connected state from connected state, interrupt mask register is set to be write interrupt register to enable, the interrupt register Link State is changed the position, position, cause the network interface card Link State and change interruption, the labeled link breaking state, and timer next time is set is 500 milliseconds start-up time, changes (5);
(4) if the Link State of this scanning is for being communicated with, promptly twice scan chain circuit state all is communicated with, and it is 20 milliseconds that timer start-up time next time is set;
(5), the Link State that this scanning is obtained carries out record, initialization poll timer function and timer.
The initialization step of poll timer is:
(1), the initialization link breaking state is 0;
(2), the poll timer time is set and is spaced apart 20 milliseconds;
(3), initialization timing device function handle;
(4), read the Link State register, obtain current Link State, be recorded in the historical link state variable;
(5), start network interface card register poll timer.
Network interface card register poll timer embeds in the PCI-Express device driver, obtain this network interface card Link State and historical network interface card Link State by reading network interface card Link State register value, thereby judge the link breaking state of current network interface card, and by network interface card interrupt register Link State change interrupt bit initiation network interface card link change interruption is set, timer time can switch between 500 milliseconds and 20 milliseconds according to link-state information at interval.
Historical network interface card Link State variable, the Link State value during record last scan network interface card register is 1 represent the Link State connection, is 0 to represent the non-connection of Link State, the each execution of poll timer function all can be upgraded the value of historical network interface card Link State variable.
Link breaking state variable is recorded in over whether the Link State of work at present network interface card changes non-connection from being communicated with in 20 milliseconds of times, is that the link fracture takes place in 1 representative, is that the link fracture does not take place in 0 representative.The poll timer compares by network interface card register scanning result and historical network interface card Link State and obtains the link breaking state and carry out assignment, and NIC driver can be obtained network interface card link breaking state information by this variable.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention is because the timer time that is provided with is spaced apart 20 milliseconds, maxwait_timer timer value (more than 300 milliseconds) much smaller than network interface card makes the PCI-Express device driver be significantly improved to the perception of network interface card Link State fracture information.For example for PCI-Express based on intel 8254x series network control chip, tradition PCI-Express device drives detects the link breaking state needs about 400 milliseconds time, and based on network interface card register poll timer, improved PCI-Express device driver detects the link breaking state only need be less than 100 milliseconds time.Therefore, NIC driver is promoted greatly to the perceptual performance of link fracture.
2, the present invention design can not introduced the too much overhead of network interface card, and be spaced apart ten microsecond levels the break period that the PCI-Express physical layer receives message, and the timer of setting of the present invention is spaced apart 20 milliseconds, and the performance impact that network interface card is received message hardly as seen.
3, the present invention introduces two variablees and a function in the PCI-Express device drives, only need the device initialize and the anti-initialization function of original NIC driver are carried out minor modifications, recompility can realize, existing equipment is driven change not quite, and application process is convenient quick.
4, the diversity of supporting platform of the present invention has versatility.The present invention uses general programming language to realize, can use in Linux, Unix, Solaris, Windows kinds of platform.
5, among the present invention, by the compiler toggle traditional PCI-Express driver of compatibility fully is set, compatibility and transplantability are good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an experimental enviroment structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the server end program flow diagram of giving out a contract for a project;
Fig. 3 is a client packet receiving program flow diagram;
The process chart of network interface card and driving when Fig. 4 is the link disconnection;
Fig. 5 is a network interface card link monitoring state transition graph in the gigabit networking;
Fig. 6 is a network interface card register poll timer.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details.
PCI-Express at the switching tests environment of gigabit networking environment as shown in Figure 1, wherein to bind mutual received shipment capable for two gigabit ethernet cards of server end configuration, two network interface cards are connected on the gigabit switch by the gigabit netting twine, client machine uses a network interface card, be connected on the gigabit switch equally, snap into the netting twine of switch, analog network link failure by plug server end working net on switch.
The switching tests environment also comprises the packet receiving program of the give out a contract for a project program and the client of a server end, at actual conditions of the present invention, my test environment mainly comprises give out a contract for a project a program and a packet receiving program, be server end give out a contract for a project program can be as required, with continual message to client transmission set form of 10 milliseconds the time interval, message content comprises the timestamp that sends message.Client packet receiving program generates packet loss information such as the packet loss time interval and packet loss number by the packet situation that statistics receives, and the needed time when calculating network interface card and switching.Introduce the give out a contract for a project concrete workflow of program and client packet receiving program of server end respectively below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Server end is given out a contract for a project program circuit as shown in Figure 2, after the initialization of finishing data structure and web socket variable, work is set up in the socket link that proceeds to client-side program, and is unsuccessful if link is set up, illustrate that the client port oracle listener does not start, and withdraws from this program; Link if can success set up, to enter and send message and circulate, to obtain system's Millisecond timestamp earlier, timestamp is packaged into message, message is write socket buffer with client-side program, write successfully after, sleeping enters transmission message flow process after 10 milliseconds again.
Client packet receiving program circuit as shown in Figure 3, after the initialization of finishing data structure and web socket variable, client packet receiving program just continues to monitor network port message, when message arrives, message is resolved, promptly continue to receive next message if receive message for the first time, otherwise the message transmission time information that packet parsing obtains is asked the poor time difference that calculates twice message transmission with the last timestamp that receives message, if the time difference is outgoing message numbering and time difference greater than 20 milliseconds.
In the process of the test, after server end message router and client message receive program and all start, receive the netting twine of switch by the server end working net chain jamming of choosing and simulate the network interface card network link failure, the bound device driver of server is finished the network interface card handoff procedure automatically, can obtain network interface card length switching time in the output result of client message reception program.
After experimental enviroment was set up, test shows repeatedly was when simulation network interface card network link failure, under the gigabit switch environment, network interface card switching time is all more than 350 milliseconds, and if the switch among Fig. 1 changes 100 m switch into, and network interface card is no more than 100 milliseconds switching time substantially.Therefore, process of the present invention important step and difficult point are the bottleneck places of analyzing and searching network interface card handoff procedure under the gigabit switched environment.
The handling process that network card equipment and network card equipment drove when the network interface card Link State changed as shown in Figure 4, when rupture in working net chain jamming road, at first be that physical network card equipment interrupts uploading to device driver by the interrupt register generation, the interrupt handling routine of device drives writes down network card status by the set to private data, establish the network breaking state by the WatchDog Timer of network interface card by status monitoring then, carry out the network interface card shutoff operation, after the binding driver detects the work network interface card and closes, promptly start the backup network interface card and carry out work.
According to above-mentioned analysis, relate to three objects during the fracture of network interface card link, binding drives, network interface card drives and physical network card, thereby can infer that network interface card long reason switching time has following several:
(1) binding driving problems: when doing the network interface card switching, it is too slow that binding drives the speed of carrying out the network interface card switching;
(2) network interface card driving problems: network card equipment drives untimely to network interface card physical equipment Interrupt Process;
(3) physical network card problem: it is later that network card equipment interrupts generation time.
Add the Millisecond timestamp in several functions such as the network interface card in network card equipment drives is closed respectively, network interface card starts, network interface card house dog status monitoring and network card equipment Interrupt Process and obtain the function line output of going forward side by side, can find to rupture from the network interface card link by the comparative analysis of time order and function relation and time difference upwards sends Link State to network card equipment and changes the time interval of interrupting and just arrive more than 350 milliseconds, that is to say that switching time, long basic reason was physical network card.
Link State monitor procedure to the gigabit networking in IEEE 802.3 standards has been described in detail, as can be seen from Figure 5, when network interface card loc_rcvr_status value is that NOT_OK and maxwait_timer_done value are true time, network card equipment thinks that just physical layer link is by entering link-down state by kilter.Wherein maxwait_timer_done is that genuine condition is exactly the maxwait_timer timer expiry, and the value of maxwait_timer register is arranged on about 350 milliseconds at least.Therefore we can say that the standard criterion of network interface card physical layer has also limited physical network card and sent Link State change interruption to the upper strata device driver apace.
Another crucial work of the present invention is exactly need be after link fracture, before physical network card does not send interruption, determines that the value of which register in each register of network interface card can write down the information of link the other side fracture.By design network interface card register poll timer function, find in the value of network link destructive test simulation process various control registers of comparative analysis network interface card and status register: when the network interface card Link State when well being changed to fault, in several milliseconds the time interval, Link State register the 12nd place value in the network interface card Media Independent Interface registers group is changed to 0 from 1.This just provides a kind of method of obtaining network link status fast, that is: the poll timer time is made as at interval a less value, judge network link status by the value that reads the Link State register, if from 1 to 0 variation has taken place the value of Link State register, link fracture incident has just taken place.
Link fracture incident takes place after, can be by the interruption processing method of network interface card, change interrupt bit by the Link State that the network interface card interrupt register is set and trigger the interruption that network interface card sends toward the upper strata device driver in advance, under flow process after this and the normal condition network interface card up layer driver send a Link State to change interruption consistent.
The present invention is exactly that value by the Link State register changes and obtains the network link fracture information, realize the obtaining fast and response fast of Link State fracture information by designing a poll timer, historical link state variable and link fracture variable, thereby realize the quick switching of network interface card.
Network interface card register poll timer drives at network card equipment and carries out in the initialization function historical link state variable and the initialization of link fracture variable and the startup of this timer, drive in the anti-initialization function at network interface card and to close this timer, the timer function obtains this network interface card Link State and historical network interface card Link State by reading network interface card Link State change register value, thereby judge the link breaking state of current network interface card, and by network interface card interrupt register Link State change interrupt bit initiation network interface card link change interruption is set, timer time can switch between 500 milliseconds and 20 milliseconds according to link-state information at interval.
The workflow of poll timer as shown in Figure 6, its workflow can be described below:
(1), reads the value of Link State register in the current network interface card Media Independent Interface registers group, link-state information when obtaining this scanning;
(2), read the Link State of the current network interface card of preserving last scanning back, if non-connection is provided with timer and is spaced apart 500 milliseconds start-up time next time, change (5);
(3) if the Link State of this scanning is non-connection, be that Link State is changed to non-connected state from connected state, interrupt mask register is set to be write interrupt register to enable, the interrupt register Link State is changed the position, position, cause the network interface card Link State and change interruption, the labeled link breaking state, and timer next time is set is 500 milliseconds start-up time, changes (5);
(4) if the Link State of this scanning is for being communicated with, promptly twice scan chain circuit state all is communicated with, and it is 20 milliseconds that timer start-up time next time is set;
(5), the Link State that this scanning is obtained carries out record, initialization poll timer function and timer.
Historical network interface card Link State variable, the Link State value during record last scan network interface card register is 1 represent the link load to lead to, and is 0 to represent the non-connection of Link State, the each execution of poll timer function all can be upgraded the value of historical network interface card Link State variable.
Link breaking state variable is recorded in over whether the Link State of work at present network interface card changes non-connection from being communicated with in 20 milliseconds of times, is that the link fracture takes place in 1 representative, is that the link fracture does not take place in 0 representative.The poll timer compares by network interface card register scanning result and historical network interface card Link State and obtains the link breaking state and carry out assignment, and NIC driver can be obtained network interface card link breaking state information by this variable.
The present invention successfully will bind PCI-Express in supporting the application of some special type project of army and crucial industry server network interface card shortens to ten Milliseconds from hundred Milliseconds switching time, can effectively satisfy crucial the application strict demand highly reliable, hard real-time.The present invention has obtained to verify and obtain good effect.The present invention not and be confined to concrete destination OS platform does not have versatility for operating system platforms such as Linux, Unix, Windows, Solaris.
Claims (4)
1. the fast switch over method of PCI-Express under the gigabit switched environment, it is characterized in that: design a poll timer, a historical link state variable and a link fracture variable, in the PCI-Express device driver, add the timer that is used for poll network interface card register, this timer detects the network link status situation of change by poll network interface card content of registers, change to when disconnecting from connection at Link State, the Link State that the network interface card interrupt register is set changes the position, causes Link State in advance and changes interruption.
2. the fast switch over method of PCI-Express under a kind of gigabit switched environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: network interface card register poll timer drives at network card equipment and carries out in the initialization function historical link state variable and the initialization of link fracture variable and the startup of this timer, drive in the anti-initialization function at network interface card and to close this timer, the timer function obtains this network interface card Link State and historical network interface card Link State by reading network interface card Link State change register value, thereby judge the link breaking state of current network interface card, and by network interface card interrupt register Link State change interrupt bit initiation network interface card link change interruption is set, timer time switches between 500 milliseconds and 20 milliseconds according to link-state information at interval.
3. the fast switch over method of PCI-Express under a kind of gigabit switched environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the job step of poll timer function is:
(1), reads the value of Link State register in the current network interface card Media Independent Interface registers group, link-state information when obtaining this scanning;
(2), read the Link State of the current network interface card of preserving last scanning back, if non-connection is provided with timer and is spaced apart 500 milliseconds start-up time next time, change (5);
(3) if the Link State of this scanning is non-connection, be that Link State is changed to non-connected state from connected state, interrupt mask register is set to be write interrupt register to enable, the interrupt register Link State is changed the position, position, cause the network interface card Link State and change interruption, the labeled link breaking state, and timer next time is set is 500 milliseconds start-up time, changes (5);
(4) if the Link State of this scanning is for being communicated with, promptly twice scan chain circuit state all is communicated with, and it is 20 milliseconds that timer start-up time next time is set;
(5), the Link State that this scanning is obtained carries out record, initialization poll timer function and timer.
4. the fast switch over method of PCI-Express under a kind of gigabit switched environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the initialization step of poll timer is:
(1), the initialization link breaking state is 0;
(2), the poll timer time is set and is spaced apart 20 milliseconds;
(3), initialization timing device function handle; (4), read the Link State register, obtain current Link State, be recorded in the historical link state variable;
(5), start network interface card register poll timer.
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| CN105550091A (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2016-05-04 | 刘晓建 | Monitoring card for PCI (Peripheral Component Interface)/PCIe (Peripheral Component Interface Express) device status and Gigabit network card link monitoring method |
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| CN110072162A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-30 | 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 | A kind of reliable single mode optical interface communication means and device |
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