CN102062149A - High-performance iron-based powder metallurgy oil-containing self-lubricating bearing and production process thereof - Google Patents
High-performance iron-based powder metallurgy oil-containing self-lubricating bearing and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102062149A CN102062149A CN 201010526089 CN201010526089A CN102062149A CN 102062149 A CN102062149 A CN 102062149A CN 201010526089 CN201010526089 CN 201010526089 CN 201010526089 A CN201010526089 A CN 201010526089A CN 102062149 A CN102062149 A CN 102062149A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance iron-based powder metallurgy oil-containing self-lubricating bearing and a production process thereof, aiming to provide a bearing which is suitable for rotating, swinging and linear reciprocating motion under the conditions of high bearing and low speed and is also suitable for places which can not be reached through traditional lubrication or are forbidden to use. The high-performance iron-based powder metallurgy oil-containing self-lubricating bearing is in a shaft sleeve shape and is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 18-22 percent of copper powder, 1-4.8 percent of aluminum powder, 0.6-1 percent of graphite, 1-5 percent of hard particle, 1-5 percent of zinc stearate and the balance of iron powder. The high-performance iron-based powder metallurgy oil-containing self-lubricating bearing sequentially comprises the following making process routes according to the raw material composition: mixing the raw materials, pressing into shaft sleeve-shaped blank, vacuum sintering, carburizing, quenching, turning to be in a required geometric size, and carrying out vacuum oil immersion to make a finished product. The high-performance iron-based powder metallurgy oil-containing self-lubricating bearing is superior to a traditional powder metallurgy bearing and a self-lubricating bearing with high force brass embedding graphite in aspects of both the mechanical property and the friction and wear property and also has obvious advantages on the manufacture cost of the product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of self oiling bearing of new material, particularly a kind of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing and production technology thereof.
Background technique
Powder metallurgy oil-impregnated bearing has advantages such as noise is low, size is little, low price because of porous matter metal oil bearing, also have the selflubricating characteristics simultaneously, promptly just can use for a long time behind an immersion oil, gives the user to greatly facilitate.Oil-impregnated bearing is realized lubricated by following process, that is: when axle rotates, because the effect of degree of vacuum, lubricant oil in the bearing hole is exuded to the working surface of bearing because of the fricative heat of slidingsurface expands lubricant oil in the bearing matrix hole again, when the rotating speed of axle reaches certain value, when the oily formed oil film power of these in the kinematic pair is enough to the load of bearing journal, have oil film to make liner between axle journal and bearing and directly do not contact or reduce contact, at this moment oil-impregnated bearing promptly is in work under the hydrldynamic pressure lubrication state.When axle stopped operating, because bearing temperature reduces, and capillarity, the lubricant oil in the bearing porous matrix retracted to storage in the hole of bearing again.This has just determined oil-impregnated bearing to be applicable to medium and small load, and could realize hydrldynamic pressure lubrication when fair speed.
Current self-lubricating bearing material is producing huge demand, and market proposes higher requirement to this, even if also require non-maintaining under serious extreme operating environment and fully loaded transportation condition.Around the maintenance that reduces hydraulic shovel, generally believed it is the important channel of improving equipment performance and efficient in recent years, needed the requirement of waving operation of high-mechanic, wear resistance and impact strength as the axle sleeve of the Excavating bucket joint part of hydraulic shovel.Because powder metallurgy oil-impregnated bearing intensity is low, especially crushing strength is lower, can not bear heavy duty, and therefore, traditional sintered metal powder bearing can't satisfy actual usage requirement.And generally adopt high-tensile strength brass alloys axle sleeve instantly is matrix, around axle sleeve, inlay the self oiling bearing that granular graphite is formed again, but it is low that this self oiling bearing exists cost of material height, manufacturing process complexity, manufacturing efficiency, because of the existence of graphite pores and processing cause mechanical strength to destroy, thereby cause shortcomings such as poor impact resistance, arranging because of solid lubricant again exists the blind area, and it is insufficient that the boundary lubrication that causes produces selflubricating, and these weakness make bearing capacity descend.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing in order to solve above-mentioned technical deficiency, to be applicable to rotation, swing and the straight reciprocating motion under the high-mechanic low speed condition.Also be applicable to simultaneously the occasion that conventional lubrication can't reach or be under an embargo and use, or at special operation condition, the stable occasion of using such as needing long-term under the conditions such as powder, impact load.Exemplary is at Excavating bucket joint part of hydraulic shovel etc.
In order to satisfy above-mentioned requirements, the technological scheme of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing is: it is sleeve-like, it is characterized in that the mass ratio that raw material is formed is: copper powder 18～22%, aluminium powder 1～4.8%, graphite 0.6～1%, hard particles thing 1～5%, zinc stearate 1～5%, surplus are iron powder.
The Mean particle diameter of described copper powder is not more than 75 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described aluminium powder is not more than 150 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described graphite is not more than 75 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described hard particles thing is not more than 2 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described iron powder is not more than 150 μ m.
Described hard particles thing is Fe
2P, Fe
3P, FeB, Fe
2B, Fe
3A kind of or any several mixing among the B.
Making above-mentioned high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing process route is successively: it is characterized in that forming according to above-mentioned raw materials, each raw material is mixed, is pressed into sleeve-like blank, vacuum sintering, carburizing, quenching, Vehicle Processing to physical dimension that requires and vacuum oil immersion, make finished product.
Can also be enclosed with steel bushing at the cylindrical of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing according to above-mentioned high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing.
Making the above-mentioned high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing process route that is enclosed with steel bushing is successively: it is characterized in that according to above-mentioned batching, each raw material is mixed, is pressed into sleeve-like blank, vacuum sintering, Vehicle Processing sleeve-like blank cylindrical, cylindrical according to the sleeve-like blank after the Vehicle Processing is made steel bushing, sleeve-like blank interference after the Vehicle Processing is pressed in the steel bushing, diffusion-sintering again, make adhere between the surface of contact of steel bushing and sleeve-like blank, carburizing, quenching, Vehicle Processing is made finished product to physical dimension that requires and vacuum oil immersion.
The oil content of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing of the present invention is 12～18%.
The mechanism that can improve wear resistance and intensity according to the high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing of such scheme manufacturing is:
1, martensite crystal grain has improved the wear resistance of self oiling bearing.Carburizing, quenching heat treatment behind the blank sintering, the bearing wear resistance after the processing improves greatly, mainly is because quench-hardened case martensite crystal grain is tiny, and carbide dispersion degree height has improved the hardness of material.
2, add the wear resistance that the hard particles thing has improved sliding bearing.A hard material is selected the Fe-base compound Fe that good sintering character is arranged with copper or Cuprum alloy for use
2P, Fe
3P, FeB, Fe
2B, Fe
3B.These Fe-base compounds and copper have very strong wettability, and the hard particles thing is kept in the matrix of copper effectively in addition, because Fe-base compound hardness height, wear-resistant plays very strong supporting effect to sliding bearing, have improved wearability.
3, the sleeve-like blank has the steel bushing parcel to improve overall performance.Diffusion-sintering again after interference fit, diffusion-sintering of the present invention are the solid-state diffusion sintering, and the solid-state diffusion sintering is the major measure that solves base steel and iron alloy layer adhesive strength.Before sintering, between steel bushing internal diameter and the first sintering ferro-alloy axle sleeve external diameter a certain amount of interference fit is arranged, being pressed into the back has produced between the above two very big in conjunction with stress at the solid-state diffusion sintering, both mutually closely through sintering atom will to take place between the contact spread, finally make the firm combination force of generation between the two layers of material.The present invention cooperates the back to form at the sleeve-like blank with steel bushing whole, solved sleeve-like blank fragility problem, improved the routed ability of impact resistance, resistance to compression of bearing.When using assembling, also be not easy distortion.
4, the hole effect of bearing of the present invention is to be vacuum oil immersion, makes bearing reach 12～18% oil content.There are three kinds of holes after deliberation in the ferro-alloy bearing matrix simultaneously: the residual pores during shaping; The hole that the fusion diffusion stays during the low melting metal fusing; Be blended in the formed hole in pore creating material volatilization back in the raw material powder.The pore creating material of this programme is the zinc stearate of 1～5% share, and it has two effects, the one, and good demoulding lubricant, the 2nd, vapor away 80% for 400 ℃ in temperature, vapor away 100% for 500 ℃ in temperature, the hole that stays after volatilization is the micropore that immersion oil is used for trapped fuel.Can control the ratio of oil-containing hole by the amount of control pore creating material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing sectional drawing that is enclosed with steel bushing.
Among the figure: 1, sleeve-like blank; 2, steel bushing; 3, binder course.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described by the following embodiment.
Described high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing is sleeve-like, and the mass ratio that its raw material is formed is: copper powder 18～22%, aluminium powder 1～4.8%, graphite 0.6～1%, hard particles thing 1～5%, zinc stearate 1～5%, surplus are iron powder.The Mean particle diameter of described copper powder preferably is not more than 75 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described aluminium powder preferably is not more than 150 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described graphite preferably is not more than 75 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described hard particles thing preferably is not more than 2 μ m.The Mean particle diameter of described iron powder preferably is not more than 150 μ m.Described hard particles thing is Fe
2P, Fe
3P, FeB, Fe
2B, Fe
3A kind of or any several mixing among the B.
The process route of making above-mentioned high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing is successively: form according to above-mentioned raw materials, each raw material is mixed, is pressed into sleeve-like blank, vacuum sintering, carburizing, quenching, Vehicle Processing to physical dimension that requires and vacuum oil immersion, make finished product.The parameter of above-mentioned each road processing technology is a common process, no longer is described in detail.
Can also be enclosed with steel bushing at the cylindrical of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing according to above-mentioned high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing.
Make the above-mentioned high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing process route that is enclosed with steel bushing successively to be: according to above-mentioned batching, each raw material is mixed, be pressed into the sleeve-like blank, vacuum sintering, Vehicle Processing sleeve-like blank cylindrical, cylindrical according to the sleeve-like blank 1 after the Vehicle Processing is made steel bushing 2, sleeve-like blank 1 interference after the Vehicle Processing is pressed in the steel bushing 2, diffusion-sintering again, make adhere between the surface of contact of steel bushing 2 and sleeve-like blank 1, form binder course 3, carburizing, quench, Vehicle Processing is made finished product as shown in Figure 1 to physical dimension that requires and vacuum oil immersion.
The oil content of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing of the present invention is 12～18%.
The mechanical property of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing and prior powder metallurgy bearing are relatively.
Wave friction and wear behavior relatively.Sample dimensions Φ 50 * Φ 40 * 30; Test conditions: pressure 50MPa, line of motion speed 0.5m/min, disposable grease was tested 50 hours continuously.Wave angle ± 45 °, 150 ℃ of limit protection temperature.
The reciprocating friction polishing machine relatively.Sample dimensions Φ 50 * Φ 40 * 30; Test conditions: pressure 1.2MPa, line of motion speed 1m/s, disposable grease was tested 50 hours continuously.150 ℃ of limit protection temperature.
According to above-mentioned test and experiment, can see, the mechanical property of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing and friction and wear behavior all are better than the self oiling bearing that traditional sintered metal powder bearing and high-tensile strength brass are inlayed graphite, have certain advantage simultaneously on the manufacture cost of product.
Claims (7)
1. high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing, it is sleeve-like, it is characterized in that the mass ratio that raw material is formed is: copper powder 18～22%, aluminium powder 1～4.8%, graphite 0.6～1%, hard particles thing 1～5%, zinc stearate 1～5%, surplus are iron powder.
2. high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that the Mean particle diameter of described copper powder is not more than 75 μ m; The Mean particle diameter of described aluminium powder is not more than 150 μ m; The Mean particle diameter of described graphite is not more than 75 μ m; The Mean particle diameter of described hard particles thing is not more than 2 μ m; The Mean particle diameter of described iron powder is not more than 150 μ m.
3. high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hard particles thing is Fe
2P, Fe
3P, FeB, Fe
2B, Fe
3A kind of or any several mixing among the B.
4. according to any one described high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that being enclosed with steel bushing at the cylindrical of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing.
5. according to any one described high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the oil content of high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing is 12～18%.
6. make as according to claim 1 to 3 as described in any one high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing process route be successively: it is characterized in that forming according to above-mentioned raw materials, each raw material is mixed, is pressed into sleeve-like blank, vacuum sintering, carburizing, quenching, Vehicle Processing to physical dimension that requires and vacuum oil immersion, make finished product.
7. the high-performance iron base powder metallurgy oil-containing self oiling bearing process route of making as being enclosed with steel bushing as described in according to claim 4 is successively: it is characterized in that according to above-mentioned batching, each raw material is mixed, be pressed into the sleeve-like blank, vacuum sintering, Vehicle Processing sleeve-like blank cylindrical, cylindrical according to the sleeve-like blank after the Vehicle Processing is made steel bushing, sleeve-like blank interference after the Vehicle Processing is pressed in the steel bushing, diffusion-sintering again, make adhere between the surface of contact of steel bushing and sleeve-like blank, carburizing, quench, Vehicle Processing is made finished product to physical dimension that requires and vacuum oil immersion.
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| CN102506072A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 枣庄市润源粉末冶金有限公司 | Powder metallurgy oil-impregnated bearing |
| CN102689013A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-26 | 海安县鹰球集团有限公司 | High-toughness oil-retaining bearing for iron-base power metallurgy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102806350A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-05 | 李艳 | Steel-copper bimetal bearing for excavating machinery |
| CN102808849A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-12-05 | 苏州柏德纳科技有限公司 | Bearing sleeve |
| CN102913555A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2013-02-06 | 向朝霞 | Powder metallurgical composite oil-containing bearing and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103071800A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-05-01 | 东睦(江门)粉末冶金有限公司 | Iron-based oil-containing bearing and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102806350A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-05 | 李艳 | Steel-copper bimetal bearing for excavating machinery |
| CN102806350B (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2015-05-20 | 戴初发 | Steel-copper bimetal bearing for excavating machinery |
| CN103071800A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-05-01 | 东睦(江门)粉末冶金有限公司 | Iron-based oil-containing bearing and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN115449720A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-09 | 浙江一铭机车部件有限公司 | High-performance iron-based powder metallurgy oil-containing self-lubricating bushing and production process thereof |
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Address after: 314100, No. 138 Changsheng Road, Jiashan County, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Zhejiang Changsheng Sliding Bearing Co., Ltd. Address before: 314100 industrial parks in Zhejiang province Weitang Town of Jiashan County Changsheng Road No. 138 Applicant before: Zhejiang Changsheng Sliding Bearing Co., Ltd. |
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