CN102061007B

CN102061007B - Method for converting waste plastic into oil

Info

Publication number: CN102061007B
Application number: CN2010101390459A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李永君
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-04-01
Filing date: 2010-04-01
Publication date: 2012-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-01
Also published as: CN102061007A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for converting waste plastic into oil, comprising the following steps: crushing the waste plastic, and feeding the crushed waste plastic into a double screw heating extruder to be heated; decomposing and recycling hydrogen chloride after liquid enters into a liquid flow plate thermal decomposer by virtue of a filter plate; evaporating gas generated by the liquid which enters into a wiped film thermal decomposer, and collecting solid carbon black naturally falling into a dust collecting chamber; generating light composite gaseous hydrocarbon by gas which enters into an integral type contact reactor; feeding the gaseous hydrocarbon into a primary cooling tower to be subject to primary condensation; carrying out oil-gas separation on uncondensed partial liquid and gas; carrying out secondary condensation on the gas; carrying out oil-gas separation again; respectively purifying, refining and blending oils obtained by the primary condensation and the secondary condensation; and recycling uncondensable flammable gas for heat supply. The method and device for treating waste plastic provided by the invention overcome the defects of the traditional method that heat supply temperature is difficult to control, material heating is not uniform and slag removal is difficult and have the characteristics that continuous production is realized, liquid material retention time is short, heating is uniform, decomposition is thorough, heat source consumption is low and oil products can be directly divided by a secondary cooling system.

Description

A kind of method that plastic waste is converted into oil

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind ofly plastic waste is converted into the method for oil, and further relate to the device that is used for this method through thin film evaporation.

Background technology

In recent years, people manage to develop pollution-free recovery and reuse plastic waste, and effectively utilize the method for plastics as resource that reclaim, and it is more at present plastic waste to be split the method and apparatus that body produces oil.As one of these method and apparatus, Chinese patent specification sheets CN1097608C discloses a kind of through using ultra critical zone to carry out the reaction decomposes plastic waste near the water of supercritical region as reaction medium and plastic waste being converted into the method for oil, is included in the step of carrying out this reaction in the cast flow reactor; Plastic waste residence time in reactor drum is 5 minutes or shorter when carrying out this reaction, and its reactions step is: heating and fusion plastic waste add hot water; To fusion plastic waste and water pressurization; Pressurized plastic waste and water are mixed, form mixture, mixture is introduced the cast flow reactor; Cooling, oil, vapour, water sepn; For realizing that above-mentioned purpose discloses a kind of device, in this device, plastic waste is conducted to the fusion jar that has whipping appts through feeder.Plastic waste is heated to 200-400 ℃ in this jar; And therefore be melted, dissolving gas such as the hydrogen chloride gas that produce this moment are discharged from the top of fusion jar; The fusion plastic waste is sent to the cast flow reactor, and plastic waste is decomposed into from the oil of the required state of heavy oil to light oil.Yet with regard to the prior art state, that is that all right is ripe as the technology of reaction medium treatment of waste plastics according to supercritical range or near the water of supercritical region.Present technology is not suitable for suitability for industrialized production, and the speed of carrying out is merely 0.8KGH.Use is ultra high to equipment requirements near water, costs an arm and a leg, and has potential safety hazard in the production process, and plastic waste is overstand in reactor drum, and inner wall corrosion is very fast.In addition, through supercritical water process, by prior art have only through pre-treatment from plastic waste chloro fractional separation from reactor drum, can not realize serialization production.

Summary of the invention

In view of above deficiency, first purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of treatment of waste plastics, and in treatment of waste plastics, adopt high temperature film to evaporate twice cooling and reclaim oil product, and treatment of waste plastics in a large number.

The method that plastic waste of the present invention is converted into oil is: first-selection is plastic waste to be pulverized be input to twin screw and add hot extruder and heat; Heating temperature is 200 ℃; Second step; Fused plastic waste liquid gets into flow plate thermal decomposer through filter plate, and Heating temperature decomposites hydrogenchloride and reclaims to 220C-300 ℃; In the 3rd step, liquid gets into the scraped film type thermal decomposer and under the effect of high speed rotating scraper plate, makes the liquid material produce cf-and conduct oneself with dignity and dirtyly be coated on the inwall equably; Inner wall temperature is 400C-450 ℃; Decompose rapidly, generate upwards evaporation of gas, the solid ash leaves the wall entering disposal box that falls naturally; In the 4th step, gas gets into the integration type contact reactor and carries out gas-solid-phase catalytic reaction, generates light combination hydrocarbon gas; In the 5th step, hydrocarbon gas is sent into cooling tower cold the doubting first time once, and cooling temperature is 80-180C, makes more macromolecular hydrocarbon gas be condensed into liquid oil; The 6th step, uncooled part liquid, gas carries out gas-oil separation; In the 7th step, gas gets into two degree condensations, and its cooling temperature is 0-30 ℃; In the 8th step, carry out gas-oil separation once more.In the 9th step, the oil product of twice condensation is carried out the purification allotment respectively; In the tenth step, separate the uncondensable inflammable gas recovery in back and supply to produce thermal source.

Adopt the present invention, overcome traditional heat supply temperature and be difficult to control, the material shortcomings such as inhomogeneous, scarfing cinder difficulty of being heated, have continuously uninterrupted production; The liquid material residence time is short, is heated evenly complete decomposition; Thermal source consumes low, through secondary cooling system, can directly cut apart the characteristics of oil product.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Embodiment:

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, be process flow sheet and the structural representation that plastic waste of the present invention is converted into the method for oil.With transport pipe plastic waste being sent to twin screw through the magnetic separation plate adds hot extruder 3 and heats; Second step; Fused liquid is clamp-oned flow plate decomposition evaporation device 4 through filter plate, Heating temperature to 200 ℃, and not fusible big solid carries out the hurdle at filter plate device place and connects; Plastic waste thermolysis in flow plate thermolysis vaporizer 4 of fusing; Heating temperature is from 200-300 ℃, contains SE this moment in the plastic waste, at first decomposites hydrogen chloride gas and reclaims; In the 3rd step, liquid plastic waste is planar dirty naturally along flow plate oblique angle by pellicular water in flow plate thermolysis vaporizer, is pumped through piping in the scraped film type thermal decomposer 7; Scraped film type thermal decomposer 7 drives scraper plate with the liquation of inwall with rotor and is rotated in and makes liquation be coated on the cylinder inboard wall equably under the action of centrifugal force; Form the thin film shape, under the effect of inner wall temperature, the liquation of film like is heated and decomposes rapidly; Generate upwards evaporation of gas; The solid carbon black that evaporates falls downwards along wall naturally, is collected by black collector 8, and the Heating temperature of scraped film type thermal decomposer 7 is 400-450 ℃ at this moment; The 4th step; Decomposing the gases that generate in the scraped film type thermal decomposer 7 sends into and carries out gas-solid-phase catalytic reaction in the integration type contact reactor 9; Cut off, make up with suitable catalyzer and suitable temperature chemical chain the molecule of gasification; Make bigger molecular breakdown become less molecule, make littler group of molecules synthesize bigger molecule, make it generate needed light constituent hydrocarbon gas; In the 5th step, the gas that catalyticreactor is come out once sends into that cooling tower 10 carries out condensation first time, and cooling temperature is 80-180 ℃, and the hydrocarbon gas that makes up than macromole in the step before making at first is condensed into liquid oil; The 6th step, the operative liquid that cools down is for the first time sent into oil-gas separator 11 with gaseous state separate, isolated oil is sent into washed, purify, make with extra care, be deployed into processed oil in the water washing tank 12; The 7th step, isolated gas to be sent into two degree cooling towers 10 carry out the condensation second time, its cooling temperature is 0-30 ℃, makes the light constituent that is not condensed into liquid state for the first time continue to be condensed into liquid oil; The 8th step; The liquid of two degree condensations is sent into oil-gas separator 11 with complete uncondensable gas to be separated; Isolated liquid is sent into another water washing tank 12 and is washed, purifies, makes with extra care, is deployed into processed oil, and uncondensable gas is sent into and carried out in the water washing tank 12 supplying to produce required heat energy combustion gas after the alkali cleaning.

Claims

1. one kind is converted into the method for oil with plastic waste, it is characterized in that: at first be plastic waste to be pulverized be input to twin screw and add hot extruder (3) and be heated to 200 ℃; In second step, liquation gets into flow plate thermal decomposer (4) through filter plate, and Heating temperature to 220 ℃-300 ℃ decomposites hydrogenchloride and reclaims; In the 3rd step, liquid gets into scraped film type thermal decomposer (7) and also under cf-and the dirty effect of deadweight, is coated in equably on the inwall, and inner wall temperature is 400 ℃-450 ℃, decomposes rapidly, generates upwards evaporation of gas, and the solid ash leaves the wall entering disposal box that falls naturally; In the 4th step, gas gets into integration type contact reactor (9) and carries out gas-solid-phase catalytic reaction, generates the light constituent hydrocarbon gas; In the 5th step, hydrocarbon gas is sent into cooling tower (10) cold the doubting first time once, and cooling temperature is 80-180 ℃, makes more macromolecular hydrocarbon gas be condensed into liquid oil; In the 6th step, uncooled part liquid, gas carry out gas-oil separation; In the 7th step, gas is sent into two degree condensations, and its cooling temperature is 0-30 ℃; In the 8th step, carry out gas-oil separation once more.