CN102059080B - Catalytic cracking riser tube feeding mixing section structure for inhibiting back-mixing of catalyst - Google Patents
Catalytic cracking riser tube feeding mixing section structure for inhibiting back-mixing of catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN102059080B CN102059080B CN 201010557753 CN201010557753A CN102059080B CN 102059080 B CN102059080 B CN 102059080B CN 201010557753 CN201010557753 CN 201010557753 CN 201010557753 A CN201010557753 A CN 201010557753A CN 102059080 B CN102059080 B CN 102059080B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry, and mainly relates to a feeding mixing section structure for inhibiting back-mixing of a catalyst in a catalytic cracking riser tube; axial guide plates (2) are arranged above a raw oil atomizing nozzle; a circumferential guide plate (3) is arranged between every two adjacent axial guide plates (2); the upper ends of the axial guide plates (2) are provided with an auxiliary gas diversion sleeve (6); a cavity is arranged between the auxiliary gas diversion sleeve (6) and a tube wall of a feeding mixing section of a riser tube reactor; the upper end surface of the cavity is communicated with a lifting device by a ring-shaped gap (7); the tube wall of the feeding mixing section of the riser tube reactor is provided with an auxiliary gas inlet tube (5); and a communicating structure between the auxiliary gas inlet tube (5) and a riser tube can be formed. By adopting a 'stream-line' diversion structure, the feeding mixing section structure accelerates and promotes the mixing between raw oil and the catalyst in the catalytic cracking riser tube reactor, thus inhibiting back-mixing of the catalyst particles and effectively inhibiting coking.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the petrochemical technology field, relate generally to a kind of catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure that suppresses the catalyst back-mixing.
Background technology
Catalytic cracking process occupies very important status in the China's oil processing industry, the gasoline of China market more than 70% and about 30% diesel oil are provided.Riser reactor is one of core apparatus of catalytic cracking.Purpose product gasoline, diesel oil and the liquefied gas etc. of high value all are to obtain within it.
According to role in the cracking reaction process, usually whole riser reactor can be divided into from the bottom to top pre lift zone, charging mixing section, abundant conversion zone and export four parts in quick Disengagement zone, in pre lift zone, pre-lift vapour (gas) enters from the riser bottom, the catalyst mix of introducing with regenerator sloped tube, contact, and carry population of catalyst particles and move upward.When arriving the charging mixing section, catalyst granules mixes, contacts and begins rapidly reaction with the feedstock oil that atomizer sprays into, and generates the target products such as gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied gas.At abundant conversion zone, while oil, agent composition moves upward and proceed cracking reaction.When arriving the quick Disengagement zone of riser end outlet, under the effect of Quick Separation System, product---separate rapidly with catalyst such as diesel oil, gasoline etc., in case overcracking occurs.
Riser reactor is the key device of catalytic cracking.According to role in cracking reaction, it can be divided into from the bottom to top pre lift zone, charging mixing section, abundant conversion zone and go out 4 parts of outspoken subregion.At pre lift zone, pre-lift gas enters from riser bottom, the catalyst mix of introducing with regenerator sloped tube, contacts, and carries population of catalyst particles and move upward.When arriving the charging mixing section, catalyst granules mixes, contacts and begins rapidly reaction with the feedstock oil that atomizer sprays into.At abundant conversion zone, while oil, agent composition moves upward and carry out cracking reaction.When arriving the fast segmentation of riser end outlet, under the effect of fast subsystem, product---separate rapidly with catalyst such as diesel oil, gasoline etc., in case overcracking occurs.
In the charging mixing section, the contact between feedstock oil and the catalyst and troubled water will directly have influence on the process of whole cracking reaction.
For the flowing and mix of finish two-phase in the charging mixing section, ideal situation comprises the meaning of three aspects:
1. realize between the finish fast, evenly, contact fully, mix, namely in riser reactor, contact, incorporation time between oil, the agent should shorten as far as possible, avoid repeatedly contacting, and oil phase and mutual " coupling "---the zone that oil phase concentration is high of agent CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION mutually, catalyst concn is also higher, and vice versa;
2. the finish mixture moves upward together with the form of " laminar flow ";
Oil, the agent two-phase is shaftless to " back-mixing ".
Yet actual conditions but greatly differ from each other with ideal state, and subject matter is also embodied in three aspects:
(1) in most of zone of charging mixing section, contact, the troubled water of finish two-phase are unsatisfactory, be mainly manifested in: the finish two-phase is CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION not " coupling " on the riser cross section, the zone of oil phase relative concentration higher (low), and the agent phase concentration is rarer (height).
(2) oil, agent composition are not that form with " laminar flow " moves upward yet, and catalyst granules comparatively concentrates at the riser near-wall region, and exists comparatively serious back-mixing; In the riser central area, the speed of oil, agent two-phase is higher, and near lifting tube edge wall, the speed of oil, agent is lower, forms typical " ring-nuclear structure ".
(3) in riser reactor charging mixing section, catalyst exists comparatively serious air-teturning mixed phenomenon, especially promoting tube edge wall zone, the catalyst back-mixing is more violent, this is so that the prolongation of the catalyst time of staying, also increase the probability that repeatedly contacts between oil, the agent, caused comparatively serious coking.It is reported that the most serious zone of coking is positioned near the riser inwall of nozzle top 500mm～2000mm.
For many years, for the deficiency of above-mentioned three aspects that exist in the riser charging mixing section, domestic and international many scientific research institutions, oil company have proposed various structures, and above-mentioned in the hope of making " three problems " improves.
Sinopec Research Institute of Petro-Chemical Engineering has proposed a kind of anti-back-mixing riser, and main feature has two: feedstock oil adopts axle tangentially to enter riser; Feed zone adopts the undergauge structure.This structure has been improved so-called " ring-nuclear structure " effectively, improved catalyst granules situation pockety on the riser cross section, and suppressed the back-mixing of catalyst granules in wall zone, limit, but, this structure is owing to adopt the axle tangential admission, and according to the characteristics of eddy flow, the time of staying of feedstock oil in riser prolongs, this has just increased the probability that repeatedly contacts between oil, the agent, also is disadvantageous for reaction; And adopt the undergauge structure, pressure drop greatly increases.
American UOP company once proposed feedstock oil atomizer and riser reactor axis at right angle setting, perhaps slope down to the charging form of a certain angle, although these structures have promoted oil, the contact of agent two-phase, mixing, improved " coupling " of CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION on the riser cross section between oil, the agent.But, but aggravated the back-mixing of catalyst granules.
Uop Inc. also once proposed in the upstream of riser inner nozzle installation site diversion component to be set, in the hope of improving the initial contact condition between oil, the agent.But, find by our experiment, because the injection of feedstock oil will produce great impact to the zone of riser inner nozzle upstream, thereby the effect of this structure should be very limited.
In fact, above-mentioned various patent structures all are aforementioned " three problems " to be carried out qualitatively, tentatively improve, and are not to be based upon " three problems " carried out on the basis of quantitative analysis, research and proposed.
In general, the mixing of accelerating between oil, the agent will cause the back-mixing aggravation of catalyst granules, and in order to suppress the back-mixing of population of catalyst particles, has to again pay the cost that delays oil, agent mixing velocity.How solving and utilize this a pair of contradiction, accomplish " press down its fraud, use its profit ", then is the key of improving riser charging mixing section performance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure that suppresses the catalyst back-mixing, adopt " streamlined " flow-guiding structure, acceleration, promotion catalytic cracking riser reactor Raw oil mix with catalyst, the back-mixing of establishment catalyst granules, reduce some disadvantageous side reactions, effectively suppressed coking.
The present invention finishes the technical scheme that its invention task takes:
A kind of catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure that suppresses the catalyst back-mixing, tube wall between riser reactor charging mixing section and pre lift zone is provided with the nozzle mounting pipe, and the axis of feedstock oil atomizer and riser reactor is 30 °～36 ° angles; Inwall in reactor riser is provided with the axial diversion plate, described axial diversion plate is corresponding with the feedstock oil atomizer to arrange and makes the top that deflector is positioned at corresponding feedstock oil atomizer, described axial diversion plate is arc, by convergent footpath section, gradually extension diameter section consists of; Be provided with circumferential deflector between two adjacent axial diversion plates, described circumferential deflector is by convergent footpath section, gradually extension diameter section consists of; Be provided with flow guiding casing tube in axial diversion plate, circumferential deflector upper end, have the assisted gas chamber between described flow guiding casing tube and the riser reactor charging mixing section tube wall, described assisted gas chamber is communicated with riser with annulus between the reactor riser tube wall by the flow guiding casing tube upper end; Be provided with the assisted gas inlet tube at the riser tube wall corresponding with the assisted gas chamber, the assisted gas inlet tube is communicated with assisted gas chamber between flow guiding casing tube, the riser reactor tube wall, consist of assisted gas and enter the assisted gas chamber by the assisted gas inlet tube, the structure that is communicated with riser reactor through the annulus of flow guiding casing tube upper end.
When pre-lift gas (vapour) carries catalyst granules and moves up to the charging mixing section by the riser reactor pre lift zone, mix, contact with the feedstock oil that the feedstock oil atomizer sprays into, and begin cracking reaction rapidly; Make the feedstock oil that enters into riser reactor according to convergent footpath section, the gradually extension diameter section direction diffusion of the axial diversion plate directly over the nozzle, avoided the appearance of large scale vortex, reduce the probability of catalyst granules back-mixing, suppressed to a certain extent the generation of coking.
Between adjacent axial diversion plate, circumferential deflector is set, and circumferentially deflector is similarly the structure of convergent, flaring, make " airflow design " more perfect, not only consider flowing, mixing on riser cross-section radial direction between oil, the agent, but also considered flowing, mixing on the circumferential direction of riser cross section between oil, the agent.Accelerate on the one hand the mixing between oil, the agent, effectively suppressed again on the other hand the back-mixing of catalyst granules.
Riser inwall near zone above the most serious zone of coking is positioned at nozzle arranges the assisted gas device, it is terminal that the injection of assisted gas upwards enters into riser charging mixing section by the annulus, effectively reduce the back-mixing of this location catalyst granules, and assisted gas dispelled the catalyst granules that concentrates in wall zone, limit, weakened to a certain extent " ring-nuclear structure ".
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Among the figure: 1, nozzle mounting pipe, 2, the axial diversion plate, 3, circumferential deflector, 4, the riser reactor tube wall, 5, the assisted gas inlet tube, 6, flow guiding casing tube, 7, the annulus.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in Figure 1, in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure that suppresses the catalyst back-mixing, tube wall between riser reactor charging mixing section and pre lift zone is provided with nozzle mounting pipe 1, be provided with the feedstock oil atomizer in nozzle mounting pipe 1, the axis of feedstock oil atomizer and riser reactor is 30 ° of angles; Inwall in reactor riser is provided with axial diversion plate 2, the corresponding top that arranges and be positioned at corresponding feedstock oil atomizer with the feedstock oil atomizer of described axial diversion plate 2, described axial diversion plate 2 is arc, by convergent footpath section, gradually extension diameter section consists of; The convergent footpath section of deflector 2 is 1 °～10 ° with the angle of the axis of riser reactor, and the angle of the divergent segment of deflector 2 and the axis of riser reactor is 1 °～30 °.Be provided with circumferential deflector 3 between two adjacent axial diversion plates 2, described circumferential deflector 3 is by convergent footpath section, gradually extension diameter section consists of; Circumferentially deflector convergent footpath section is 1 °～10 ° with the angle of the axis of riser reactor, and the circumferential deflector gradually angle of the axis of extension diameter section and riser reactor is 1 °～30 °.In the present embodiment circumferentially the convergent of deflector 3 footpath section, gradually extension diameter section and axial diversion plate 2 convergent footpath section, gradually length, the angle of extension diameter section are identical; At axial diversion plate 2, circumferentially deflector 3 upper ends are provided with flow guiding casing tube 6, described flow guiding casing tube 6 is convergent gauge structure from the bottom to top; Have the assisted gas chamber between described flow guiding casing tube 6 and the riser reactor charging mixing section tube wall 4, described assisted gas chamber is communicated with riser with annulus 7 between the reactor riser tube wall by the flow guiding casing tube upper end; Be provided with assisted gas inlet tube 5 at the riser tube wall 4 corresponding with the assisted gas chamber, assisted gas inlet tube 5 is communicated with assisted gas chamber between flow guiding casing tube 6, the riser reactor tube wall 4, consist of assisted gas and enter the assisted gas chamber by assisted gas inlet tube 5, the structure that is communicated with riser reactor through the annulus 7 of flow guiding casing tube upper end.
When the present invention works, at first, pass into assisted gas in riser, assisted gas enters into riser reactor via the annulus 7 between assisted gas inlet tube 5, assisted gas chamber, flow guiding casing tube 6 and the riser reactor charging mixing section tube wall 4 along the tight note riser of vertical direction tube wall; Secondly; in riser reactor; when pre-lift gas carries catalyst granules and moves up to the charging mixing section by the riser reactor pre lift zone; the feedstock oil that sprays into the feedstock oil atomizer mixes; contact; and begin rapidly cracking reaction; the feedstock oil that the feedstock oil atomizer sprays into and pre-lift gas carry vertically deflector 2 of catalyst granules mixture; the convergent footpath section of circumferential deflector 3; gradually extension diameter section diffusion; the design direction diffusion of flow guiding casing tube; be more perfect " airflow design "; this is so that oil; flowing of agent composition; diffusion is carried out along axial diversion plate 2 and circumferential deflector 3; avoided the appearance of large scale vortex; reduce the probability of catalyst granules back-mixing, suppressed to a certain extent the generation of coking.
When flow in oil, agent composition limit, the limit reaction arrives flow guiding casing tube 6 when terminal, mix the assisted gas back-mixing that reduces this location catalyst granules effectively with the assisted gas that vertically enters riser via annulus 7; Assisted gas has dispelled the catalyst granules that concentrates in wall zone, limit, has weakened to a certain extent " ring-nuclear structure " described in the background technology, so that oil, the contact between the agent are more even.
Claims (6)
1. catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure that suppresses the catalyst back-mixing, tube wall between riser reactor charging mixing section and pre lift zone is provided with nozzle mounting pipe (1), and the axis of feedstock oil atomizer and riser reactor is 30 °～36 ° angles; It is characterized in that: the inwall in reactor riser is provided with axial diversion plate (2), described axial diversion plate (2) is corresponding with the feedstock oil atomizer to arrange and makes the top that deflector is positioned at corresponding feedstock oil atomizer, described axial diversion plate (2) is arc, by convergent footpath section, gradually extension diameter section consists of; Be provided with circumferential deflector (3) between adjacent two axial diversion plates (2), described circumferential deflector (3) is by convergent footpath section, gradually extension diameter section consists of; Be provided with flow guiding casing tube (6) in axial diversion plate (2), circumferential deflector (3) upper end, have the assisted gas chamber between described flow guiding casing tube (6) and the riser reactor charging mixing section tube wall (4), described assisted gas chamber is communicated with riser with annulus (7) between the reactor riser tube wall by the flow guiding casing tube upper end; Be provided with assisted gas inlet tube (5) at the riser tube wall (4) corresponding with the assisted gas chamber, assisted gas inlet tube (5) is communicated with assisted gas chamber between flow guiding casing tube (6), the riser reactor tube wall (4), consist of assisted gas and enter the assisted gas chamber by assisted gas inlet tube (5), the structure that is communicated with riser reactor through the annulus (7) of flow guiding casing tube (6) upper end.
2. the catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure of inhibition catalyst back-mixing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described flow guiding casing tube (6) is convergent gauge structure from the bottom to top.
3. the catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure of inhibition catalyst back-mixing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the convergent footpath section of described axial diversion plate (2) is 1 °～10 ° with the angle of riser reactor axis.
4. the catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure of inhibition catalyst back-mixing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gradually extension diameter section of described axial diversion plate (2) and the angle of riser reactor axis are 1 °～30 °.
5. the catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure of inhibition catalyst back-mixing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the convergent footpath section of described circumferential deflector (3) is 1 °～10 ° with the angle of riser reactor axis.
6. the catalytic cracking riser charging mixing section structure of inhibition catalyst back-mixing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gradually extension diameter section of described circumferential deflector (3) and the angle of riser reactor axis are 1 °～30 °.
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| CN 201010557753 CN102059080B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Catalytic cracking riser tube feeding mixing section structure for inhibiting back-mixing of catalyst |
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| CN 201010557753 CN102059080B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Catalytic cracking riser tube feeding mixing section structure for inhibiting back-mixing of catalyst |
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| CN102059080B true CN102059080B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
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| CN104046377B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-25 | 洛阳瑞昌石油化工设备有限公司 | The feed jet mixing section of riser reactor |
| CN112708447B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-12-23 | 天津市职业大学 | Riser reactor capable of reducing back mixing of side wall area |
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| CN2690055Y (en) * | 2004-01-31 | 2005-04-06 | 洛阳森泰石化机械有限公司 | Heavy oil catalytic cracking raw material oil feeding atomizing nozzle |
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