CN102056263A - routing method and device as well as sensor equipment based on wireless sensor tree network - Google Patents
routing method and device as well as sensor equipment based on wireless sensor tree network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a routing method and device as well as sensor equipment based on a wireless sensor tree network. The method comprises the steps of: allocating short addresses for sensor nodes in advance according to the layer and the intra-layer position, where each sensor node is in, in the tree network; inquiring the short address of a target sensor node according to a message to be transmitted; inquiring a pre-established neighbor table to acquire the short address of each neighbor node of the current sensor node; respectively calculating number of the basic routing hops from each neighbor node to the target sensor node according to the short address of each neighbor node and the target sensor node; and selecting a next-hop node from the neighbor nodes according to the basic routing hop number obtained through calculation, and forwarding the message to the next-hop node. The method disclosed by the invention benefits the increase of the routing transmission efficiency of the sensor nodes in a message forwarding process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless sensor network technology field, relate to method for routing and device and sensor device in particular based on tree-like wireless sensor network.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network combines sensor technology, the communication technology, computer technology, has the ability of information gathering, transmission and processing.Sensor network originates from military field at first, but along with the development of sensor network technique, its range of application is also more and more wider, is with a wide range of applications in fields such as environmental monitoring, reading intelligent agriculture and Smart Homes.
Sensor node in the wireless sensor network is a micro-system with information gathering and disposal ability.Sensor node can and other nodes between carry out communication, but the communication distance of node is limited, therefore when source node need carry out communication with objective sensor node, then need to carry out route by intermediate node, each node promptly can be the promoter of information like this, also can be the forwarding person of information.
For the method for routing at wireless senser networking, general common is the routing mode of tree topology.The routing mode of tree topology is very simple, and each message is transmitted and all carried out between father, child node.That is to say, when source node need carry out communication with objective sensor node, at first message is forwarded to its father node or child node, receives that the node of this message also is transmitted to corresponding father node or child node by same mode with message, be transferred into objective sensor node until this message.Because each message is transmitted all can only carry out between father and son's node, so message is longer from the time that source node is transferred to objective sensor node in existing tree network, and route transmission efficient is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides method for routing and device and sensor device, can improve the route transmission efficient of message based on tree-like wireless sensor network.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of method for routing based on tree-like wireless sensor network, according to each sensor node position in residing level and the layer in tree network, be sensor node distribution short address in advance, described method for routing comprises:
Short address according to message query aim sensor node to be sent;
The neighbor table that inquiry is set up in advance, the short address that obtains each neighbor node of current sensor node;
According to the short address of described each neighbor node and the short address of described objective sensor node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node respectively to objective sensor node;
According to described each basic hop count that calculates, from described neighbor node, select next-hop node, described message is forwarded to described next-hop node.
Preferably, described short address is made up of network sequence number in the level of sensor node in tree-like wireless sensor network number and the floor.
Preferably, this method also comprises: in a communication cycle, receive the sync message that other sensor nodes send, the neighbor node of the sensor node of sync message as current sensor node will be sent, the network information of this neighbor node is added in the neighbor table, wherein, the described network information comprises the short address.
Preferably, also preserve coefficient life cycle of neighbor node in the described neighbor table, described method also comprises:
If in a communication cycle, do not receive the sync message that certain neighbor node in the neighbor table sends, then reduce coefficient life cycle of this neighbor node;
When the life cycle of certain neighbor node in the neighbor table, coefficient was zero, this neighbor node is deleted from neighbor table.
Preferably, described according to the short address of each neighbor node and the short address of objective sensor node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node respectively to objective sensor node, comprising:
According to the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest in the level of each neighbor node number and the floor number and the interior network sequence number of floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node to destination node.
Preferably, the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest number and the interior network sequence number of floor in described level according to each neighbor node number and the floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and it is poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node, specifically comprise to destination node:
According to the level L1 of each neighbor node and the level L2 of objective sensor node, calculate first level difference T1, the wherein T1=|L1-L2| between each neighbor node and the objective sensor node;
Respectively with number contrast of the level of each neighbor node and objective sensor node, determine dark node of level and the more shallow node of level, successively upwards inquire about the father node of the dark node of described level, up to finding the sensor node M1 that is in the same degree of depth with the more shallow node of level;
According to network sequence number in the layer of the more shallow node of described level, and node described and that level is more shallow is in the interior network sequence number of layer of the sensor node M1 of the same degree of depth, determines these two the father node M2 that are in the node of the same degree of depth;
According to the level L3 of described node M 1 and the level L3 of described father node M2, calculate second level difference T2, the wherein T2=|L3-L4| between described node M 1 and the described father node M2;
Calculate the basic hop count Hop of neighbor node according to the first level difference T1 and the second level difference T2 to objective sensor node, wherein, Hop=T1+T2*2.
Preferably, describedly from described neighbor node, select next-hop node, described message be forwarded to described next-hop node, comprising according to described each basic hop count that calculates:
According to described each basic hop count that calculates, the neighbor node of selecting minimum basic hop count correspondence from described neighbor table is forwarded to described next-hop node as next-hop node with described message.
The present invention also provides a kind of route device based on tree-like wireless sensor network, according to each sensor node position in residing level and the layer in tree network, is sensor node distribution short address in advance, and described route device comprises:
The message analysis unit is used for the short address according to message query aim sensor node to be sent;
The neighbor table query unit is used to inquire about the neighbor table of setting up in advance, the short address that obtains each neighbor node of current sensor node;
The hop count computing unit is used for according to the short address of described each neighbor node and the short address of described objective sensor node, calculates the basic hop count of each neighbor node to objective sensor node respectively;
The node selected cell is used for each basic hop count of calculating according to described, selects next-hop node from described neighbor node, and described message is forwarded to described next-hop node.
Preferably, described short address is made up of network sequence number in the level of sensor node in tree-like wireless sensor network number and the floor.
Preferably, this route device also comprises:
Neighbor table is set up the unit, be used in a communication cycle, receive the sync message that other sensor nodes send, with the sensor node of described transmission sync message neighbor node as current sensor node, the network information of this neighbor node is added in the neighbor table, wherein, the described network information comprises the short address.
Preferably, described neighbor table is set up the unit and is also comprised:
Coefficient is preserved the unit, is used for preserving in neighbor table coefficient life cycle of neighbor node;
The index variation unit is used for when in a communication cycle, and when not receiving the sync message of certain neighbor node transmission in the neighbor table, reduction is with coefficient life cycle of this neighbor node;
The knot removal unit is used for when coefficient life cycle of certain neighbor node of neighbor table is zero this neighbor node being deleted from neighbor table.
Preferably, described hop count computing unit comprises:
The hop count computation subunit, be used for according to the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest in the level of each neighbor node number and the floor number and the interior network sequence number of floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node to destination node.
Preferably, described node selected cell comprises:
Node chooser unit is used for each basic hop count of calculating according to described, and the neighbor node of selecting minimum basic hop count correspondence from described neighbor table is forwarded to described next-hop node as next-hop node with described message.
The present invention also provides a kind of sensor device, comprises above-described route device based on tree-like wireless sensor network.
Via above-mentioned technical scheme as can be known, compared with prior art, the present invention openly provides a kind of method for routing and device and sensor device based on tree-like wireless sensor network, method of the present invention in advance according to each sensor node in tree network residing level and the layer in the position, for each sensor node distributes the short address, the current sensor node of needs transmission message obtains objective sensor node in message short address, and the short address that from the neighbor table of setting up in advance, obtains each neighbor node, then according to the short address of each neighbor node and the short address of objective sensor node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node, and from neighbor node, select next-hop node to objective sensor node.Method of the present invention is when carrying out the message forwarding, can be according to the short address of the neighbor node of the short address of objective sensor node and current sensor node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node to objective sensor node, and from neighbours, select next-hop node, when therefore selecting next-hop node, can select node according to basic hop count, reduced the hop count in the message repeating process, thereby reduced the message passing time, improved the route transmission efficient of message.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to the accompanying drawing that provides.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of a kind of method for routing based on tree-like wireless sensor network of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the sensor node position view in the embodiment of the invention intiating radio network configuration;
Fig. 3 for inventive embodiments with gateway node as the root node of setting up the tree network topology structure, the tree structure schematic diagram of root node after for the short address of its child node distribution;
Fig. 4 all finishes tree structure schematic diagram after the short address is distributed for all the sensors node in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the final tree structure schematic diagram of setting up in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is for calculating the structural representation of basic hop count according to the short address in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of a kind of route device based on tree-like wireless sensor network in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of a kind of route device based on tree-like wireless sensing sensor network in another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
Referring to Fig. 1, flow chart of steps for a kind of method for routing based on tree-like wireless sensor network of the embodiment of the invention, according to each sensor node position in residing level and the layer in tree network, be sensor node distribution short address in advance, described method for routing comprises:
Step S101: according to the short address of message query aim sensor node to be sent;
Wherein, message is exchange and the data cell of transmitting in the network.Message has comprised the complete data message that will send, and has also comprised the information such as short address of source node and objective sensor node.
The short address is in the building process at tree-like networking, according to each sensor node in tree-like networking residing level and the layer in the position, be the unique address in each sensor node distribution wireless network, when carrying out data communication, each sensor node all uses this short address to carry out communication follow-up.
Current sensor node can also can carry out the intermediate sensor node that message is transmitted for the centre in the message transmittance process for sending the source node of message.Objective sensor node is meant the node that is delivered to after message finally.Current sensor node is by to the analysis of message, just can get access to the address of the objective sensor node that this message need send, and the address of sensor of interest is with the form sign of short address in the present invention.
Step S102: the neighbor table that inquiry is set up in advance, the short address that obtains each neighbor node of current sensor node;
Before carrying out the routing node selection, current sensor node need be set up neighbor table in advance, preserves the network information that can carry out all the sensors node of communication with current sensor node in this neighbor table.Wherein the network information of sensor node comprises the short address of sensor node, can also comprise link quality information that sends message etc.By inquiring about the short address that this neighbor table can get access to each neighbor node of current sensor node.
Step S103:, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node respectively to objective sensor node according to the short address of described each neighbor node and the short address of described objective sensor node;
Behind the short address of the short address of the neighbor node that gets access to current sensor node and objective sensor node, can calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node according to the short address to objective sensor node.
Wherein, basic hop count is meant the form that sensor node E-Packets by father node or child node according to tree topology, and message is forwarded to the required hop count of objective sensor node the most at last.Jumping figure is the node number of process in the message transmittance process just.
Step S104: according to described each basic hop count that calculates, from described neighbor node, select next-hop node, described message is forwarded to described next-hop node.
Obtaining each neighbor node behind the basic hop count of objective sensor node, just can in neighbor node, select next-hop node, message is transmitted to this next-hop node.
When selecting next-hop node according to the basic hop count that calculates, can for: according to described each basic hop count that calculates, the neighbor node of selecting minimum basic hop count correspondence from described neighbor table is forwarded to described next-hop node as next-hop node with described message.
Certainly in neighbor table, also can get access to the link quality information of neighbor node, when from neighbor node, selecting next-hop node, also can from neighbor node, select a sensor node as next-hop node again according to neighbor node to the basic hop count of objective sensor node and the link-quality of neighbor node.That is to say that comprehensively neighbor node is to the basic hop count of objective sensor node and the link quality condition of neighbor node when selecting next-hop node in neighbor node, the selection next-hop node is to improve router efficiency.
Wherein, the short address is to be made up of sensor node network sequence number in middle-level number of tree network and floor.The short address is to set up in the process at tree network to be distributed according to the position in tree network of sensor node by system, allocates in advance in the short address of carrying out each sensor node of route.The level of level representative sensor node in tree-like wireless sensor network; The network sequence number is according to sensor node position in the child node chained list in certain one deck in tree-like wireless senser networking in the layer, determines the label of sensor node at the particular location of this layer.
According to each sensor node position in residing level and the layer in tree network, be specially for sensor node distributes the process of short address in advance: at first the level of regulation tree network root node number and the interior network sequence number of floor are zero;
Root node number adds one with self level, obtains the level number of its child node;
Root node is determined the interior sequence number of basic layer of its child node according to network sequence number in the layer and maximum son node number;
Root node is according to the position of its child node in the child node chained list, with and the basic layer of child node in sequence number, determine network sequence number in the layer of its child node;
Root node is respectively with the synthetic short address of network sequence number in the level of its each child node number and the floor, and the short address distributed to the child node of correspondence;
The sensor node that has been assigned to the short address distributes corresponding short address according to above-mentioned steps for its child node according to himself level number and the interior sequence number of floor, and all nodes all are assigned to the short address in tree network.
Wherein, sequence number can be obtained by the maximum son node number that the interior sequence number of the layer of its father node multiply by this father node in the basic layer of each sensor node.
Further, in current sensor node, allocate in advance the short address can for: receive the short address that the father node of current sensor node distributes, and be the child node distribution short address of current sensor node according to network sequence number in level in the short address number and the floor.
Current sensor node distributes the process of short address specifically to comprise:
Steps A: the father node that receives current sensor node is the short address that current sensor node distributes;
Step B: obtain level number and the interior network sequence number of floor in the short address of current sensor node;
Step C: the level of current sensor node number is increased progressively, obtain the level number of the child node of current sensor node;
Step D:, determine the interior network sequence number of layer of the child node of current sensor node according to the position of child node in the child node chained list of network sequence number and current sensor node in the layer of current sensor node;
Step e:, and the short address of described child node is distributed to the child node of current sensor node correspondence with the short address of described child node level number and the interior network sequence number synthon node of floor.
In addition, the form of short address can be 16 address format, and wherein high four is the high 4 bit representation level sequence numbers of short address, sequence number in the low 12 bit representation layers.
For the assigning process of the clearer description of energy short address, referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 2 is initialized wireless sensor network.Comprise gateway node 0 and common sensor node 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13 and 14 in this network.Other sensor node all is in reciprocity status except that gateway node, dotted line between the sensor node is represented to have physical link between two nodes, wherein, physical link is meant that the two sensors node all is in the other side's wireless signal coverage, possesses the ability of intercommunication mutually.Initialization network among Fig. 2 is carried out the establishment of tree network according to the scale of 4*2, and wherein the network size of 4*2 is meant that the maximum hierachy number of network is 4, and the maximum son node number of each node is 2.
Fig. 3 is for to add sensor node among Fig. 20 and sensor node 1 in the wireless network to as the child node of gateway node, and gateway node is the root node in this tree network topology.Wherein, gateway node 0 has sequence number 0 in fixing level sequence number 0 and the layer, so the short address of gateway node is 0x0000.
Gateway node 0 be sensor node 1 and sensor node 2 when distributing short addresses at first according to self level sequence number, calculating sensor node 1 and 2 level number, sensor node 1 and 2 level number are 1 as can be known according to the short address distribution method.Calculate basic layer of interior sequence number of its child node then according to layer interior sequence number of gateway node, basic layer of interior sequence number of child node can multiply by maximum son node number by layer interior sequence number of father node and calculate, so basic layer of interior sequence number of sensor node 1 and 2 all is 0.In the position of child node in the child node chained list according to gateway node, be that sensor node 1 is first child node of gateway node, sensor node 2 is second child node of gateway node, so a sequence number is 0 in the layer of sensor node 1, and sequence number is 1 in 2 layers of the sensor nodes; Therefore the network sequence number is respectively 0 and 1 in the layer of sensor node 1 and sensor node 2.The level of last sensor node No. 1 is 1, and a network sequence number is 0 in the layer; The level of sensor node No. 2 is 1, the network sequence number is 1 in the floor; Therefore what the level of sensor node 1 and sensor node No. 2 and the interior network sequence number of floor are integrated into 16 is respectively 0x1000 and 0x1001 for the short address.
By the same short address method of salary distribution, just can finish the short address of other sensor node distributes, the short address of sensor node as shown in Figure 4 in the final tree network, network sequence number in the layer of the numeral sensor node of sensor node inside wherein, the short address of 16 outside system numeral sensor nodes.
After the physical link between each sensor node in the initial network is added tree network, at the topological structure of tree network as shown in Figure 5, wherein, solid line is represented the link between father and son's node, dotted line is represented the physical link that exists between each sensor node, the literary composition of can transmitting messages mutually.The level of the numeral sensor node of sensor node inside number, the short address of 16 outside system numeral sensor nodes.
In the process of carrying out Route Selection, need in neighbor table, select neighbor node, rather than only select the father node of current sensor node or child node to carry out the message forwarding, therefore method of the present invention also comprises: in a communication cycle, receive the sync message that other sensor nodes send, with the sensor node of described transmission sync message neighbor node as current sensor node, the network information of this neighbor node is added in the neighbor table, wherein, the described network information comprises the short address.That is to say, all are possessed other sensor nodes that carry out communication with current sensor node adds in the neighbor table, carry out like this at current sensor node when selecting next-hop node for message to be sent, just can in neighbor table, select, and be not only in father node or child node, to select next-hop node.
The neighbor node that adds when front sensor is specially to the process in the neighbor table: in a communication cycle, receive the sync message that other sensor nodes send, judge the network information that whether has had the sensor node of described transmission sync message in the neighbor table, if not, then, the network information of this neighbor node is added in the neighbor table the sensor node of described transmission sync message neighbor node as current sensor node.
In addition, for the neighbor table of setting up, also need in a communication cycle, upgrade the sensor node in the neighbor table, as delete invalid neighbor node, can preserve corresponding coefficient life cycle for the neighbor node in the neighbor table, when the life cycle of certain sensor node, coefficient was zero, this sensor node of deletion from the neighbor table of current sensor node.Concrete is: if in a communication cycle, do not receive the sync message that the neighbor node in the neighbor table sends, then reduce coefficient life cycle with this neighbor node; When the life cycle of certain neighbor node in the neighbor table, coefficient was zero, then this neighbor node is deleted from neighbor table.
Wherein reduce in the neighbor table coefficient can for: in a communication cycle, as do not receive the sync message that certain neighbor node sends, then coefficient life cycle with this neighbor node subtracts one.
For example, referring to Fig. 5, in a communication cycle, gateway node 0 at first sends sync message, the sensor node that can receive this message has sensor node 1,2 and 3, and wherein sensor node 1 and 2 is the child node of gateway node, sensor node 1 and sensor node 2 are its neighbor node with the interpolation gateway node, and sensor node 1 and sensor node 2 will be transmitted sync message simultaneously; Sensor node 3 is not the child node of gateway node, then sensor node 3 will be judged the signal quality of gateway node, when the signal quality of gateway node during greater than the threshold values set, sensor node 3 is added to neighbor node with gateway node, and coefficient life cycle of neighbor node is set, when the signal quality of gateway node during less than default threshold values, it is its neighbor node that 3 of sensor nodes do not add gateway node.That is to say, when certain sensor node is received the sync message of its father node transmission, be neighbor node with directly adding its father node; When certain sensor node is received the sync message of other sensor nodes transmissions, have only when the signal quality of the sensor node that sends sync message during greater than default threshold values, it is neighbor node that this sensor node just can add the sensor node that sends sync message.When having only certain sensor node to receive the sync message of its father node transmission simultaneously, this sensor node just can be transmitted this sync message.When receiving sync message, other sensor node also carries out the interpolation of neighbor node, till all nodes had all sent sync message according to identical mode.With sensor node 3 is example, the neighbor node that adds in its final neighbor table comprises: sensor node 0,1,2,5,7,9,10 and 14, and in the neighbor table of sensor node 3, record these neighbor nodes short address information, link-quality, signal quality and corresponding life cycle coefficient etc.
When invalid neighbor node is deleted, be example still with sensor node 3, if coefficient life cycle of each sensor node in the neighbor table of sensor node 3 all is 5, suppose all not receive in 5 communication cycles the sync message of sensor node 0 transmission, then sensor node 3 can be deleted the relevant information of sensor node 0 from its neighbor table.The final effectively neighbor node of sensor node 3 is a sensor node 1,2,5,7,9,10 and 14.
Wherein among the step S103,, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node respectively, comprising to objective sensor node according to the short address of each neighbor node and the short address of objective sensor node:
According to the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest in the level of each neighbor node number and the floor number and the interior network sequence number of floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node to destination node.
Further,, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node respectively, can comprise to objective sensor node according to the short address of each neighbor node and the short address of objective sensor node:
Step 1:, calculate first level difference T1, the wherein T1=|L1-L2| between each neighbor node and the objective sensor node according to the level L1 of each neighbor node and the level L2 of objective sensor node;
Step 2: respectively with number contrast of the level of each neighbor node and objective sensor node, determine dark node of level and the more shallow node of level, successively upwards inquire about the father node of the dark node of described level, up to finding the node M 1 that is in the same degree of depth with the more shallow node of level;
Step 3: according to network sequence number in the layer of the more shallow node of described level, and node described and that level is more shallow is in the interior network sequence number of layer of the node M 1 of the same degree of depth, determines these two the father node M2 that are in the node of the same degree of depth;
Step 4:, calculate second level difference T2, the wherein T2=|L3-L4| between described node M 1 and the described father node M2 according to the level L3 of described node M 1 and the level L4 of described father node M2;
Step 5: calculate the basic hop count Hop of neighbor node according to the first level difference T1 and the second level difference T2 to objective sensor node, wherein, Hop=T1+T2*2.
In order clearer description to calculate the method for each neighbor node to the basic hop count of objective sensor node, referring to Fig. 6, the level of a neighbor node A1 of current sensor node number is L1, the network sequence number is L2 in the layer of objective sensor node A2, then at first calculates the first level difference T1=|L1-L2|=2 of neighbor node A1 to objective sensor node; By the level of neighbor node and destination node number as can be known neighbor node A1 be in darker level, objective sensor node A2 is in more shallow level, find the father node A3 of neighbor node A1 to make itself and objective sensor node be in the level L3 of same level, find the level L4 of the common father node A4 of sensor node A3 and objective sensor node A2 then, the second level difference T2=|L3-L4|=1 between calculating sensor node A4 and the objective sensor node A2 (being in the sensor node than shallow-layer), then sensor node A1 to the basic hop count of objective sensor node A2 is: Hop=T1+T2*2=2+1*2=4.
Can certainly be that calculating neighbor node and objective sensor node are poor to the level between the father node common between the two, then neighbor node is sued for peace to the level difference between the common father node to level difference between the common father node and sensor of interest, can obtain the basic hop count of neighbor node to sensor of interest.
In neighbor node, select neighbor node as next-hop node according to the basic hop count that calculates, like this carry out message when transmitting can all with can carry out selecting routing node in the node that message transmits with current sensor node, and be not limited to select the father node or the child node of current sensor node, so just can in neighbor node, select next-hop node as required, improve router efficiency.
The neighbor node of certainly selecting to have minimum basic hop count correspondence in neighbor node is as next-hop node, thus the jumping figure of minimizing transfer of data, the efficient of raising transfer of data.Also can consider the link condition between sensor node in the network simultaneously, thereby in neighbor node, select next-hop node.
Is that example describes to select the having minimum neighbor node of the node correspondence of hop count substantially as next-hop node, referring to Fig. 6, and in conjunction with the method for the basic hop count of previous calculations, suppose that sensor node 14 will pass to message sensor node 9, sensor node 14 calculates in the neighbor table each neighbor node to the jumping figure of sensor node 9: sensor node 11 is 5 jumpings to the jumping figure of sensor node 9; Sensor node 1 is 4 jumpings to the jumping figure of sensor node 9; Sensor node 3 is 1 jumping to the jumping figure of sensor node 9; Sensor node 6 is 6 jumpings to the jumping figure of sensor node 9.Then, the node that the jumping figure that sensor node 14 calculates according to each neighbour is selected to have minimum hop count is as next-hop node, so message is sent to sensor node 3 from sensor node 14.Sensor node 3 finds oneself not to be the final purpose node of message after receiving message, then sensor node 3 carries out the route transmission of message in the same way, so this message is transferred into sensor node 9.It self is exactly the finish node of message transmissions that sensor node 9 is found after receiving message, then this message routing end of transmission.
By more original tree-like route as can be known: according to the routing mode of original tree network, the transmission path of message is process sensor node 14, sensor node 11, sensor node 1, sensor node 0, sensor node 2, sensor node 3, sensor node 9; But according to self adaptation routing mode of the present invention, the transmission path of message is process sensor node 14, sensor node 3, sensor node 9, routing mode clearly of the present invention can effectively reduce the jumping figure of transfer of data, thereby improves the efficiency of transmission of data.
Corresponding method of the present invention, referring to Fig. 7, the present invention also provides a kind of route device based on tree-like wireless sensor network, in advance according to each sensor node in tree network residing level and the layer in the position, for sensor node distributes the short address, described route device comprises:
Neighbor table query unit 702 is used to inquire about the neighbor table of setting up in advance, the short address that obtains each neighbor node of current sensor node;
Hop count computing unit 703 is used for according to the short address of described each neighbor node and the short address of described objective sensor node, calculates the basic hop count of each neighbor node to objective sensor node respectively;
Node selected cell 704 is used for each basic hop count of calculating according to described, selects next-hop node from described neighbor node, and described message is forwarded to described next-hop node.
Wherein, the short address is made up of sensor node network sequence number in middle-level number of tree network and floor.The short address is in the building process at tree-like networking, according to each sensor node in tree-like networking residing level and the layer in the position, be the unique address in each sensor node distribution wireless network, when carrying out data communication, each sensor node all uses this short address to carry out communication follow-up.Wherein, the level of level representative sensor node in tree-like wireless sensor network; The network sequence number is according to sensor node position in the child node chained list in certain one deck in tree-like wireless senser networking in the layer, determines the label of sensor node at the particular location of this layer.
When the present invention carries out Route Selection in order being implemented in, not only to select routing node in father node or child node, can select next-hop node in neighbor table, therefore referring to Fig. 8, route device of the present invention also comprises:
Neighbor table is set up unit 850, be used in a communication cycle, receive the sync message that other sensor nodes send, with the sensor node of described transmission sync message neighbor node as current sensor node, the network information of this neighbor node is added in the neighbor table, wherein, the described network information comprises the short address.
Further, described neighbor table is set up the unit and is specifically comprised:
Judging unit 851 is used in a communication cycle, receives the sync message that other sensor nodes send, judge the network information that whether has had the sensor node of described transmission sync message in the neighbor table, if not, and XM adding device then;
For the maintenance of neighbor table, delete invalid neighbor node, neighbor table is set up the unit and is also comprised:
Coefficient is preserved unit 853, is used for preserving in neighbor table coefficient life cycle of neighbor node;
Further, hop count computing unit 830 comprises: hop count computation subunit 831, be used for according to the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest in the level of each neighbor node number and the floor number and the interior network sequence number of floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node to destination node.
Described node selected cell 840 comprises:
Wherein, the message analysis unit 810 among Fig. 8, neighbor table query unit 820, hop count computing unit 830 and node selected cell 840 are identical with the effect of message analysis unit 701, neighbor table query unit 702, hop count computing unit 703 and node selected cell 704 among Fig. 7 respectively.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of sensor device, comprises the route device based on tree-like wireless sensor network described above.
Each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe in this specification, and what each embodiment stressed all is and the difference of other embodiment that identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment.For the disclosed device of embodiment, because it is corresponding with the embodiment disclosed method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part partly illustrates referring to method and gets final product.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make this area professional and technical personnel can realize or use the present invention.Multiple modification to these embodiment will be conspicuous concerning those skilled in the art, and defined herein General Principle can realize under the situation that does not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet and principle disclosed herein and features of novelty the wideest corresponding to scope.
Claims (14)
1. the method for routing based on tree-like wireless sensor network is characterized in that, according to each sensor node position in residing level and the layer in tree network, is sensor node distribution short address in advance, and described method for routing comprises:
Short address according to message query aim sensor node to be sent;
The neighbor table that inquiry is set up in advance, the short address that obtains each neighbor node of current sensor node;
According to the short address of described each neighbor node and the short address of described objective sensor node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node respectively to objective sensor node;
According to described each basic hop count that calculates, from described neighbor node, select next-hop node, described message is forwarded to described next-hop node.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described short address is made up of network sequence number in the level of sensor node in tree-like wireless sensor network number and the floor.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
In a communication cycle, receive the sync message that other sensor nodes send,, the network information of this neighbor node is added in the neighbor table sending the neighbor node of the sensor node of sync message as current sensor node, wherein, the described network information comprises the short address.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, also preserves coefficient life cycle of neighbor node in the described neighbor table, and described method also comprises:
If in a communication cycle, do not receive the sync message that certain neighbor node in the neighbor table sends, then reduce coefficient life cycle of this neighbor node;
When the life cycle of certain neighbor node in the neighbor table, coefficient was zero, this neighbor node is deleted from neighbor table.
5. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, and is described according to the short address of each neighbor node and the short address of objective sensor node, calculates the basic hop count of each neighbor node to objective sensor node respectively, comprising:
According to the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest in the level of each neighbor node number and the floor number and the interior network sequence number of floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node to destination node.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest number and the interior network sequence number of floor in described level according to each neighbor node number and the floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and it is poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node, specifically comprise to destination node:
According to the level L1 of each neighbor node and the level L2 of objective sensor node, calculate first level difference T1, the wherein T1=|L1-L2| between each neighbor node and the objective sensor node;
Respectively with number contrast of the level of each neighbor node and objective sensor node, determine dark node of level and the more shallow node of level, successively upwards inquire about the father node of the dark node of described level, up to finding the sensor node M1 that is in the same degree of depth with the more shallow node of level;
According to network sequence number in the layer of the more shallow node of described level, and node described and that level is more shallow is in the interior network sequence number of layer of the sensor node M1 of the same degree of depth, determines these two the father node M2 that are in the node of the same degree of depth;
According to the level L3 of described node M 1 and the level L3 of described father node M2, calculate second level difference T2, the wherein T2=|L3-L4| between described node M 1 and the described father node M2;
Calculate the basic hop count Hop of neighbor node according to the first level difference T1 and the second level difference T2 to objective sensor node, wherein, Hop=T1+T2*2.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly selects next-hop node according to described each basic hop count that calculates from described neighbor node, and described message is forwarded to described next-hop node, comprising:
According to described each basic hop count that calculates, the neighbor node of selecting minimum basic hop count correspondence from described neighbor table is forwarded to described next-hop node as next-hop node with described message.
8. the route device based on tree-like wireless sensor network is characterized in that, according to each sensor node position in residing level and the layer in tree network, is sensor node distribution short address in advance, and described route device comprises:
The message analysis unit is used for the short address according to message query aim sensor node to be sent;
The neighbor table query unit is used to inquire about the neighbor table of setting up in advance, the short address that obtains each neighbor node of current sensor node;
The hop count computing unit is used for according to the short address of described each neighbor node and the short address of described objective sensor node, calculates the basic hop count of each neighbor node to objective sensor node respectively;
The node selected cell is used for each basic hop count of calculating according to described, selects next-hop node from described neighbor node, and described message is forwarded to described next-hop node.
9. route device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described short address is made up of network sequence number in the level of sensor node in tree-like wireless sensor network number and the floor.
10. route device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Neighbor table is set up the unit, be used in a communication cycle, receive the sync message that other sensor nodes send, with the sensor node of described transmission sync message neighbor node as current sensor node, the network information of this neighbor node is added in the neighbor table, wherein, the described network information comprises the short address.
11. route device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described neighbor table is set up the unit and is also comprised:
Coefficient is preserved the unit, is used for preserving in neighbor table coefficient life cycle of neighbor node;
The index variation unit, during the sync message that is used for sending when certain neighbor node that does not receive neighbor table in a communication cycle, reduction is with coefficient life cycle of this neighbor node;
The knot removal unit is used for when coefficient life cycle of certain neighbor node of neighbor table is zero this neighbor node being deleted from neighbor table.
12. route device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described hop count computing unit comprises:
The hop count computation subunit, be used for according to the level of network sequence number and sensor of interest in the level of each neighbor node number and the floor number and the interior network sequence number of floor, inquire about father node common between each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively, and poor according to each neighbor node and objective sensor node respectively to the level between described father node, calculate the basic hop count of each neighbor node to destination node.
13. route device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described node selected cell comprises:
Node chooser unit is used for each basic hop count of calculating according to described, and the neighbor node of selecting minimum basic hop count correspondence from described neighbor table is forwarded to described next-hop node as next-hop node with described message.
14. a sensor device is characterized in that, comprises each described route device based on tree-like wireless sensor network of claim 8-13.
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