CN102054098A - Method for simulating slip and slide state of locomotive - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for simulating a slip and slide state of a locomotive. The method comprises the following steps: a wheel and rail module is built, the input of the wheel and rail module is set as a motor rotation speed (omega), and the output of the wheel and rail module is set as a motor torque load (TL); a locomotive main circuit simulation module is built and bonded with the wheel and rail module, the input terminal of the wheel and rail module is connected with a motor measurement module of the main circuit simulation module so that a value of motor rotation speed (omega) is received; the output terminal of the wheel and rail module is connected with a load terminal of a motor of the main circuit simulation module so that a calculated value of motor torque load (TL) is inputted to the motor; and the simulation of the slip and slide state of the locomotive is achieved by changing a wheel and rail adhesion coefficient. The invention fills the blank in the field of slip and slide simulation of the locomotive, and provides a theoretic basis and a verification platform for the researches on wheel and rail relationship and wheel and rail adhesion control of the locomotive. The method is convenient for operation and modification, improves the quantitative precision, effectively saves the cost and shortens the development period.

Description

A kind of emulation mode of locomotive wheel spin sliding state

Technical field

The present invention relates to locomotive emulation field, particularly relate to a kind of emulation mode of locomotive wheel spin sliding state.

Background technology

The tractive effort at wheel rim of locomotive depends on the adhesion of wheel track.Referring to Fig. 1, under the effect of wheel loading P, generation elastic deformation in wheel track contact site forms oval contact region.When wheel rolled forward under driving moment M effect, elastic deformation took place in the wheel track material near the contact region, thereby produced tangential force F on surface of contact, F=M/R (R is a radius of wheel).Tangential force F is a tractive effort at wheel rim, and it advances wheel rolling.This state of wheel track contact is called adhesion, and tangential force F is also become clinging power.

Under the tractive force that traction electric machine produced had surpassed clinging power situation between the wheel track, wheel can dally, and the tangential velocity of promptly taking turns rail is not 0, and was 0 along track point-to-point speed (being locomotive running speed).The generation of wheel spin sharply descends the tractive force on the moving axis, although this moment, locomotive power was very big, can not get corresponding tractive force, and anti-rail and the wheel rim of making produces serious damage owing to rubbing tempestuously.

Under the braking situation, train without traction power relies on the inertia operation, and wheel rolls forward.If brake shoe pressure is excessive, then wheel can not get the enough reacting forces of rail, just destroyed the tacky state between wheel track, wheel is slided on rail by the brake shoe locking, and at this moment the force of sliding friction between wheel track just becomes damping force.Like this, not only abraded wheel, and because of the coefficient of sliding friction between wheel track forever less than the adhesion factor between wheel track, damping force will be more much smaller than clinging power.

Current, the road locomotive just develops towards the direction of passenger traffic high speed and shipping heavy duty.No matter be heavy loading locomotive or express locomotive, effectively the utilization of adhesion factor and prevent idle running, slide all very important.At present in the correlative study that locomotive wheel spin slides, adopt the test method of simulating actual conditions to carry out mostly, as on rail, sprinkling water, spill oil, various typical rail level conditions are artificially made in stucco or the like, cause phenomenons such as idling slide, to observe the locomotive influence under the limiting case, the validity of checking adhesion control.But, above-mentioned test method complexity, objective condition requires high, and the test period is long, and is repeatable poor, and the cost requirement height.

Summary of the invention

Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of emulation mode of locomotive wheel spin sliding state, and this method is convenient to operation, and convenient the modification quantitatively precisely, can be saved cost effectively, shortens the construction cycle.

The emulation mode of a kind of locomotive wheel spin sliding state of the present invention, this method comprises:

Set up the wheel track module, the wheel track module be input as motor speed ω, be output as electric motor load torque T _L

Build the main circuit of electric locomotive emulation module, combine with the wheel track module, the input end of wheel track module connects the motor measurement module of main circuit emulation module, receives rotating speed of motor ω value; Output terminal connects the load end of the motor of main circuit emulation module, with the electric motor load torque T that calculates _LBe input to motor;

Change the wheel rail adhesion coefficient, realize locomotive wheel spin and the emulation of sliding phenomenon.

Preferably, setting up the wheel track module is specially:

Set up the wheel track module according to following formula;

$J\frac{\mathrm{d\ω}}{\mathrm{dt}}=T_e-T_L$

$\frac{{\mathrm{dV}}_T}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{N_m*F_n-F_z}{m}$

$\frac{{\mathrm{dV}}_R}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{M*R-(F_n/4)*R^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="J"\; filenames="HDA0000038498060000051.png,HDA0000038498060000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">J</figure-callout>}}_1}$

$F_n=\mathrm{\&mu;}*Q=f\left(\frac{V_R-V_T}{V_T}\right)*Q$

M＝T _L*Gear

F _z＝f(V _T)

$V_R=\frac{\mathrm{\&omega;}}{\mathrm{Gear}}*R$

Wherein, J-motor moment of inertia, ω-motor speed, the torque of Te-single motor, T _L-single motor load torque, V _T-locomotive speed, Nm-locomotive number, F _nThe adhesion tractive force of-single locomotive, F _zThe drag overall of-locomotive, m-locomotive gross mass, V _RThe all linear velocities of-vehicle wheel, R-radius of wheel, J ₁The right moment of inertia of wheel is arrived in-reduction, μ-adhesion factor, and the Q-axle is heavy, the Gear-ratio of gear.

Preferably, the main circuit emulation module comprises transformer, and transformer connects first rectifier and second rectifier, and rectifier controller, and rectifier controller is controlled the turn-on and turn-off of first rectifier and the second rectifier switch pipe; First rectifier is connected inverter with second rectifier, and inverter connects first motor and second motor, and inverter controller is connected with inverter.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

Analytical derivation of the present invention the mathematical relation of wheel drive track, and build the emulation module of wheel rail relation.Set up the main circuit emulation module of AC transmission electric power locomotive simultaneously,,, realized that locomotive wheel spin slides the emulation of phenomenon by selecting different rail level conditions and locomotive operation operating mode in conjunction with the module of the wheel rail relation of building.The present invention has filled up the blank that locomotive wheel spin slides the emulation field, and for research wheel drive track relation and adhesion control provide theoretical foundation and verification platform, this method to be convenient to operation, the convenient modification quantitatively precisely, can be saved cost effectively, shortens the construction cycle.

Description of drawings

In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use among prior art and the embodiment below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a running surface of wheeltrack tangential force synoptic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the emulation mode process flow diagram of locomotive wheel spin sliding state;

Fig. 3 is an adhesiveness curve map under dry and the moist rail level;

Fig. 4 is a wheel rail relation emulation module synoptic diagram;

Fig. 5 is the main circuit emulation module and the wheel track module diagram of electric locomotive of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is idle running simulation result first synoptic diagram;

Fig. 7 is idle running simulation result second synoptic diagram;

Fig. 8 is idle running simulation result the 3rd synoptic diagram;

Fig. 9 is for sliding simulation result first synoptic diagram;

Figure 10 is for sliding simulation result second synoptic diagram;

Figure 11 is for sliding simulation result the 3rd synoptic diagram.

Embodiment

For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

The present invention builds the emulation module of wheel rail relation, in conjunction with the main circuit emulation module of AC transmission electric power locomotive, simulates the idle running of wheel and slides phenomenon, the validity of checking adhesion control.This method is not limited by objective condition, have repeatability, and cost requirement is low.

Referring to Fig. 2, the emulation mode process flow diagram of locomotive wheel spin sliding state is shown, specifically may further comprise the steps.

Step S201, set up the wheel track module, this wheel track module be input as motor speed ω, output motor load torque T _L

The wheel track module is the module of the transmission of the power between simulation locomotive wheel and the rail, traction electric machine produces moment and passes to wheel by gear case, thereby wheel by and rail between creep produce adhesion tractive force locomotive advanced, the wheel track module is simulated the relation of this power just.

Introduce several relevant key concepts below.

Creep: on macroscopic view, when wheel rolling advances in the traction (tacky state), the pace v of wheel always is lower than the peripheral speed R ω of wheel.This is because under the effect of drag torque M, and running surface of wheeltrack produces due to backward the elastic deformation, and this phenomenon is called creep.

The creep rate: the degree of creep size is represented with nondimensional creep rate.Creep rate γ is defined as:

$\mathrm{\&gamma;}=\frac{R\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&omega;}-v}{v}$ Formula 1

In the formula 1: R---radius of wheel; ω---wheel turning angle speed; V---wheel pace.

Adhesion factor: the maximum tangential force F that can transmit (generation) between wheel track _μ, be defined as adhesion factor μ with the ratio of vertical dead weight P:

Different rail level states has different adhesiveness curves (as Fig. 3), derives following math block according to the transmission of power between the wheel track:

$J\frac{\mathrm{d\&omega;}}{\mathrm{dt}}=T_e-T_L$

$\frac{{\mathrm{dV}}_T}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{N_m*F_n-F_z}{m}$

$\frac{{\mathrm{dV}}_R}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{M*R-(F_n/4)*R^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="J"\; filenames="HDA0000038498060000051.png,HDA0000038498060000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">J</figure-callout>}}_1}$

$F_n=\mathrm{\&mu;}*Q=f\left(\frac{V_R-V_T}{V_T}\right)*Q$

M＝T _L*Gear

F _z＝f(V _T)

$V_R=\frac{\mathrm{\&omega;}}{\mathrm{Gear}}*\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R\; Formula"\; filenames="HDA0000038498060000041.png,HDA0000038498060000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}$ Formula 2

In the formula 2: J-motor moment of inertia, ω-motor speed, the torque of Te-single motor, T _L-single motor load torque, V _T-locomotive speed, Nm-locomotive number, F _nThe adhesion tractive force of-single locomotive, F _zThe drag overall of-locomotive, m-locomotive gross mass, V _RThe all linear velocities of-vehicle wheel, R-radius of wheel, J ₁The right moment of inertia of wheel is arrived in-reduction, μ-adhesion factor, and the Q-axle is heavy, the Gear-ratio of gear.

Set up wheel track module (as Fig. 4) according to formula 3, this wheel track module be input as motor speed ω, output motor load torque T _L

Step S202, build the main circuit of electric locomotive emulation module, combine with the wheel track module, the input end of wheel track module connects the motor measurement module of main circuit emulation module, receives rotating speed of motor ω value; Output terminal connects the load end of the motor of main circuit emulation module, with the electric motor load torque T that calculates _LBe input to motor.

Referring to Fig. 5, the main circuit emulation module and the wheel track module of electric locomotive of the present invention is shown.Main circuit emulation module 51 comprises transformer 511, and transformer 511 connects rectifier 512A and rectifier 512B, and rectifier controller 512C, the turn-on and turn-off of rectifier controller 512C control rectifier 512A and rectifier 512B switching tube; Rectifier 512A is connected inverter 513 with rectifier 512B, and inverter 513 connects motor 514A and motor 514B, and inverter controller 515 is connected with inverter 513.

The input end of wheel track module 52 connects the motor measurement module, receives rotating speed of motor ω value; Output terminal connects the load end of motor 514A and motor 514B, with the electric motor load torque T that calculates _LBe input to motor 514A and motor 514B.

Step S203, change adhesion factor (μ) value, emulation is dallied and/or is slided phenomenon, obtains electric locomotive at the status data that dallies and/or slide, the validity that the above-mentioned status data judgement of foundation electric locomotive adhesion is controlled.

By selecting different rail levels, change the adhesiveness curve, emulation is dallied or is slided the influence of phenomenon to load torque, observes idle running, slides the influence of phenomenon to electric locomotive control system by simulation result.

Referring to Fig. 6-8, the idle running simulation result is shown.Locomotive starts from 0 speed, changes the rail level condition when 2s, switches to moist rail level from dry rail level.Fig. 6 changes the simulation result of rail level condition during for locomotive traction, is followed successively by adhesion factor, vehicle wheel week linear velocity, locomotive speed, creep speed from top to bottom.Adhesion factor reduced rapidly when rail level switched as can see from Figure 6, and all linear velocities of vehicle wheel increase rapidly, and the locomotive speed increase slows down, and creep speed increases rapidly, and the idle running phenomenon has appearred at this moment in this explanation.Because do not add adhesion control during emulation, tractive force is still being given according to curve of traction characteristics, does not have corresponding reduction tractive force, thereby the idle running phenomenon occurs.

Main circuit intermediate loop current waveform and voltage waveform when Fig. 7 dallies for appearance, Fig. 8 are that the motor when idle running occurring is exported the result.As can be seen from Figures 7 and 8, the increase of 2 seconds rear motor rotating speeds is very fast, and this is to have reduced because the torque of idle running back loading occurs.

Referring to Fig. 9-11, illustrate and slide simulation result.Locomotive became braking by traction in the time of 3 seconds, changed the rail level condition in the time of 4 seconds, switched to moist rail level from dry rail level.As can see from Figure 94 seconds the time vehicle wheel week linear velocity reduce rapidly, locomotive speed reduces to slow down, creep speed reduces rapidly, phenomenon has appearred sliding at this moment in this explanation, because do not add adhesion control during emulation, damping force is still being given according to the traction braking family curve, does not have corresponding increase damping force, thereby phenomenon occurs sliding.

Analytical derivation of the present invention the mathematical relation of wheel drive track, and build the emulation module of wheel rail relation.Set up the main circuit emulation module of AC transmission electric power locomotive simultaneously,,, realized that locomotive wheel spin slides the emulation of phenomenon by selecting different rail level conditions and locomotive operation operating mode in conjunction with the module of the wheel rail relation of building.

The method that the present invention proposes has been filled up the blank that locomotive wheel spin slides the emulation field, for research wheel drive track relation and adhesion control provide theoretical foundation and the verification platform, this method to be convenient to operation, the convenient modification, quantitatively precisely, can save cost effectively, shorten the construction cycle.

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications; also can above-mentioned embodiment make up, these technical schemes of improving, retouching and being combined to form also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. the emulation mode of a locomotive wheel spin sliding state is characterized in that, this method comprises:

Set up the wheel track module, the wheel track module be input as motor speed ω, be output as electric motor load torque T _L

Build the main circuit of electric locomotive emulation module, combine with the wheel track module, the input end of wheel track module connects the motor measurement module of main circuit emulation module, receives rotating speed of motor ω value; Output terminal connects the load end of the motor of main circuit emulation module, with the electric motor load torque T that calculates _LBe input to motor;

Change the wheel rail adhesion coefficient, realize locomotive wheel spin and the emulation of sliding phenomenon.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, sets up the wheel track module and is specially:

Set up the wheel track module according to following formula;

$J\frac{\mathrm{d\&omega;}}{\mathrm{dt}}=T_e-T_L$

$\frac{{\mathrm{dV}}_T}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{N_m*F_n-F_z}{m}$

$\frac{{\mathrm{dV}}_R}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{M*R-(F_n/4)*R^2}{J_1}$

$F_n=\mathrm{\&mu;}*Q=f\left(\frac{V_R-V_T}{V_T}\right)*Q$

M＝T _L*Gear

F _z＝f(V _T)

$V_R=\frac{\mathrm{\&omega;}}{\mathrm{Gear}}*R$

Wherein, J-motor moment of inertia, ω-motor speed, the torque of Te-single motor, T _L-single motor load torque, V _T-locomotive speed, Nm-locomotive number, F _nThe adhesion tractive force of-single locomotive, F _zThe drag overall of-locomotive, m-locomotive gross mass, V _RThe all linear velocities of-vehicle wheel, R-radius of wheel, J ₁The right moment of inertia of wheel is arrived in-reduction, μ-adhesion factor, and the Q-axle is heavy, the Gear-ratio of gear.

3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the main circuit emulation module comprises transformer, transformer connects first rectifier and second rectifier, and rectifier controller, rectifier controller is controlled the turn-on and turn-off of first rectifier and the second rectifier switch pipe; First rectifier is connected inverter with second rectifier, and inverter connects first motor and second motor, and inverter controller is connected with inverter.

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